Methods for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings

Abstract

This application provides a method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings, relating to the field of solid waste treatment. The method includes: pre-treating the gold mine tailings to obtain a beneficiation feed; subjecting the beneficiation feed to decarbonate flotation to obtain a demica flotation feed and decarbonate mineral tailings; subjecting the demica flotation feed to demica flotation to obtain a dequartz flotation feed and demica tailings; subjecting the dequartz flotation feed to dequartz flotation roughing to obtain a rougher concentrate and rougher tailings; subjecting the rougher tailings to scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and dequartz tailings; and subjecting the rougher concentrate to cleaning to obtain cleaned middlings and feldspar concentrate. The method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings provided in this application can achieve feldspar mineral recovery under fluorine-free alkaline conditions, has no corrosion resistance requirements for flotation equipment, and has the advantages of high operational safety and environmental friendliness.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings. BACKGROUND

[0002] In gold mine tailings, feldspar is a common valuable mineral that can be used in building materials, glass, ceramics and many other fields. Comprehensive utilization of low-grade feldspar in tailings can not only improve the utilization value of the ore, but also reduce the amount of tailings stockpiled.

[0003] The main mineral affecting the grade of feldspar concentrate is quartz, and the crystal structure and chemical composition of the two minerals are similar, and the charge type and charge amount are basically the same, resulting in no selectivity of amine cation collectors in the adsorption on the surface of feldspar and quartz, and the separation and purification of the two is difficult. According to whether hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid are added for flotation separation of feldspar and quartz, it is divided into hydrofluoric acid method, fluorine-free acid method and fluorine-free acid-free method. The effects of the first two methods for separating quartz and feldspar are good, but they are very harmful to the environment and cause serious corrosion of equipment in production.

[0004] Fluorine-free acid-free method includes two kinds of flotation quartz to inhibit feldspar and flotation feldspar to inhibit quartz.

[0005] Patent No. CN113441283B discloses a method for positively floating quartz from quartz and feldspar mixed ore under neutral pH conditions. Short carbon chain amines, especially ethylenediamine, can inhibit the floating of feldspar, and long carbon chain amines are added as collectors to float quartz, which can realize the separation of feldspar and quartz. Since the short carbon chain amine and the long carbon chain amine have the same polar group, for quartz and feldspar minerals in tailings, due to the adsorption of various metal ions in the ore pulp on the surface of the minerals, the surface properties of quartz and feldspar minerals are similar, resulting in smaller differences in the adsorption of short carbon chain amine and long carbon chain amine, and the separation effect of feldspar and quartz becomes worse.

[0006] Application patent No. CN115805140A discloses a method for improving the selectivity of flotation separation of quartz from feldspar. The pulp pH value needs to be controlled to 10.60-11.00, one of carboxymethyl cellulose, tannin and modified starch is added as a dispersant, calcium chloride is preferably used as a quartz activator, anionic collectors are used to float quartz into foam, and the separation of feldspar and quartz is realized. Since no feldspar inhibitor is added, selective flotation can only be realized in a relatively narrow range of pulp pH value, which is not conducive to stable production.

[0007] Patent No. 108580050B discloses a method for floating potassium feldspar under neutral pH conditions. Sodium oleate is added to the ore pulp as a collector, sodium hexametaphosphate or water glass is added as a quartz depressant, and amine such as dodecylamine is added as a feldspar activator. Potassium feldspar enters the flotation froth to realize the separation of feldspar and quartz. In the ore pulp, the charges of sodium oleate and dodecylamine are opposite, and the proportion of the two reagents needs to be accurately controlled. The adaptability of the method to separate feldspar from tailings is not ideal.

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the above method, it is necessary to develop a new method for recovering feldspar from gold mine tailings. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings to solve the above problems.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application:

[0011] A method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings, comprising:

[0012] Pretreating the gold mine tailings to obtain an ore dressing feed;

[0013] Adding sodium carbonate and oleic acid to the ore dressing feed to perform descarbonate flotation to obtain a desmica flotation feed and a descarbonate mineral tailings, adding a cationic collector to the desmica flotation feed to perform desmica flotation to obtain a desquartz flotation feed and a desmica tailings, and adding sodium hydroxide, a roughing quartz activator, a roughing feldspar depressant, and a roughing collector to the desquartz flotation feed to perform desquartz flotation roughing to obtain a roughing concentrate and a roughing tailings;

[0014] Adding a scavenging feldspar depressant to the roughing tailings to perform scavenging to obtain a scavenging middlings and a desquartz tailings, and sequentially returning the scavenging middlings to the upper stage operation; and adding a cleaning quartz activator, a cleaning feldspar depressant, and a fatty acid collector to the roughing concentrate to perform cleaning to obtain a cleaning middlings and a feldspar concentrate, and sequentially returning the cleaning middlings to the upper stage operation.

[0015] Preferably, the particle size of the ore dressing feed is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0017] A. The initial pulp concentration of the descarbonate flotation is 30-45 wt%;

[0018] B. The addition amount of sodium carbonate is 500-1000 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0019] C. The addition amount of oleic acid is 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0020] Preferably, the cationic collector comprises one or more of dodecylamine, octadecylamine, ether amine, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the total dosage of the cationic collector is 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0021] Preferably, the method for extracting feldspar from the gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0022] D. the pH of the sodium hydroxide added to the quartz-free flotation feed ore pulp is not less than 11;

[0023] E. the roughing quartz activator comprises CaO and / or CaCl2, and the addition amount is 300-500 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0024] F. the roughing feldspar depressant is gum arabic, and the addition amount is 50-100 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0025] G. the roughing collector is oleic acid, and the addition amount is 400-800 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0026] Preferably, the method for extracting feldspar from the gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0027] H. the scavenging feldspar depressant is gum arabic, and the addition amount is 20-40 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0028] I. the number of times of scavenging is 2, and the middlings of each of the scavenging are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0029] Preferably, the method for extracting feldspar from the gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0030] J. the cleaning quartz activator comprises CaO and / or CaCl2, and the addition amount is 50-100 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0031] K. the cleaning feldspar depressant is gum arabic, and the addition amount is 25-50 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0032] L. the fatty acid collector is oleic acid, and the addition amount is 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0033] M. the number of times of cleaning is 2, and the middlings of each of the cleaning are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0034] Preferably, the pretreatment comprises:

[0035] The gold mine tailings are subjected to first screening to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; the coarse-grained minerals are subjected to multiple grinding and second screening, and then mixed with the fine-grained minerals to obtain the ore dressing feed.

[0036] Preferably, the time for each grinding is 4 min.

[0037] Preferably, the total content of K2O and Na2O in the feldspar concentrate is not less than 10 wt%.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application include:

[0039] The method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings provided by the present application realizes effective recovery of feldspar under fluoride-free, acid-free and alkaline conditions, has no corrosion resistance requirement for the flotation equipment, has the advantages of high operation safety factor and environmental friendliness. The content of K2O+Na2O in the output feldspar product is greater than or equal to 10%, which meets the requirement of qualified grade of feldspar product. The method adds a feldspar depressant while floating quartz, improves the selectivity of quartz and feldspar separation, and is conducive to the stable operation of the flotation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope of the present application.

[0041] Figure 1 The process flow diagram of the method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings provided by the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] As used herein:

[0043] “Prepared from” is synonymous with “comprising”. The terms “comprising”, “including”, “having” or “with” or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] The conjunction “consisting of’ excludes any unrecited elements, steps, or components. If used in the claims, this phrase shall be inoperative to limit the claims to the precise elements described. When the phrase “consisting of’ appears in the body of a claim, it defines the scope of the claim as encompassing only the elements recited in the clause. When the phrase “consisting of’ appears in the preamble of a claim, it limits the scope of the claim to the elements recited in the preamble.

[0045] When expressing amounts, concentrations, or other values or parameters of a range, preferably a range, or a series of upper preferred values and lower preferred values, it should be understood that the disclosure specifically encompasses all ranges formed from any pair of an upper limit or preferred value and a lower limit or preferred value, whether or not the range is expressly disclosed. For example, where a range "1-5" is disclosed, the disclosure is to be interpreted to include ranges such as "1-4," "1-3," "1-2," "1-2 and 4-5," "1-3 and 5," etc. Where a range of values is described herein, it is intended to encompass both the upper and lower values of the range, and all integers and fractions within the range, unless otherwise indicated.

[0046] In these examples, the parts and percentages are by mass, unless otherwise indicated.

[0047] "Parts by mass" refers to a basic unit of measurement that represents the proportional relationship of the mass of multiple components, 1 part can represent any unit mass, such as 1 g, 2.689 g, etc. If we say that the mass of component A is a parts, and the mass of component B is b parts, it means that the ratio of the mass of component A to the mass of component B is a:b. Alternatively, it means that the mass of component A is aK, and the mass of component B is bK (K is an arbitrary number, representing a multiple factor). It should not be misunderstood that, unlike parts by mass, the sum of the parts by mass of all components is not limited to 100 parts.

[0048] "and / or" is used to indicate that one or both of the described situations can occur, for example, A and / or B includes (A and B) and (A or B).

[0049] A method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings, comprising:

[0050] The gold mine tailings are pretreated to obtain beneficiation feed;

[0051] The particle size composition of the gold mine tailings is wide, and the particle size of part of the mineral particles is greater than 0.15 mm, which exceeds the upper limit of the particle size of the mineral particles that can be treated by the flotation process. If no pretreatment is performed, the carbonate minerals, mica minerals, and quartz minerals with a particle size greater than 0.15 mm will remain in the feldspar product, resulting in a K2O+Na2O content of less than 10% in the feldspar product.

[0052] The beneficiation feed is added with sodium carbonate and oleic acid to perform decarbonation flotation to obtain a mica-removing flotation feed and a decarbonated mineral tailings;

[0053] The gold mine tailings contain 1.0-10.0wt% of carbonate minerals, including calcite, dolomite, etc. The metal ions of such carbonate minerals are easily dissolved in the ore pulp, and the metal ions are further adsorbed on the surface of the minerals, which causes interference and deterioration of the separation effect of feldspar and quartz in the subsequent quartz removal flotation. The pre-removal of the carbonate minerals makes the addition and dosage of the quartz removal flotation reagent easy to implement.

[0054] The mica removal flotation is performed on the mica removal flotation feed to obtain a quartz removal flotation feed and a mica removal tailings;

[0055] Mica is an aluminosilicate mineral, and the positively charged aluminum ions exist on the surface of the mineral. In an alkaline ore pulp, the adsorption of calcium ions is not conducive. If the mica mineral is not removed in advance, most of the mica mineral will be difficult to enter the quartz removal tailings and will remain in the feldspar product, which is not conducive to the improvement of the K2O+Na2O content of the feldspar product.

[0056] The quartz removal flotation is performed on the quartz removal flotation feed to obtain a roughing concentrate and a roughing tailings;

[0057] Due to the existence of aluminum ion active sites on the surface of the feldspar mineral, the floatability of the ore pulp under alkaline conditions is similar to that of the calcium ion activated quartz when using fatty acid collectors, resulting in an undesirable feldspar-quartz separation effect. The addition of gum arabic can selectively inhibit feldspar and improve the separation index of feldspar and quartz.

[0058] The sweeping is performed on the roughing tailings by adding a sweeping feldspar depressant to obtain a sweeping middlings and a quartz removal tailings. The sweeping middlings are sequentially returned to the upper stage. The cleaning is performed on the roughing concentrate by adding a cleaning quartz activator, a cleaning feldspar depressant, and a fatty acid collector to obtain a cleaning middlings and a feldspar concentrate. The cleaning middlings are sequentially returned to the upper stage.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the particle size of the beneficiation feed is less than or equal to 0.15mm.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the method for extracting feldspar from the gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0061] A. The initial ore pulp concentration of the carbonate removal flotation is 30-45wt%;

[0062] B. The addition amount of sodium carbonate is 500-1000g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0063] C. The addition amount of oleic acid is 100-200g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0064] Optionally, the initial ore slurry concentration of the decarbonate flotation can be 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt%, or any value between 30-45 wt%; the sodium carbonate can be added in an amount of 500 g / t of gold mine tailings, 600 g / t of gold mine tailings, 700 g / t of gold mine tailings, 800 g / t of gold mine tailings, 900 g / t of gold mine tailings, 1000 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 500-1000 g / t of gold mine tailings; the oleic acid can be added in an amount of 100 g / t of gold mine tailings, 150 g / t of gold mine tailings, 200 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the cationic collector includes one or more of dodecylamine, octadecylamine, ether amine, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the total amount of the cationic collector is 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0066] Optionally, the total amount of the cationic collector can be 100 g / t of gold mine tailings, 150 g / t of gold mine tailings, 200 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the method for extracting feldspar from the gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0068] D. The pH of the ore slurry of the de-quartz flotation feed is not less than 11 after the addition of the sodium hydroxide;

[0069] E. The roughing quartz activator includes CaO and / or CaCl2, and is added in an amount of 300-500 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0070] F. The roughing feldspar depressant is gum arabic, and is added in an amount of 50-100 g / t of gold mine tailings;

[0071] G. The roughing collector is oleic acid, and is added in an amount of 400-800 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0072] Optionally, the addition amount of the roughing quartz activator can be 300 g / t of gold mine tailings, 350 g / t of gold mine tailings, 400 g / t of gold mine tailings, 450 g / t of gold mine tailings, 500 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 300 g / t and 500 g / t of gold mine tailings; the addition amount of the roughing feldspar inhibitor can be 50 g / t of gold mine tailings, 60 g / t of gold mine tailings, 70 g / t of gold mine tailings, 80 g / t of gold mine tailings, 90 g / t of gold mine tailings, 100 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 50 g / t and 100 g / t of gold mine tailings; and the addition amount of the roughing collector can be 400 g / t of gold mine tailings, 500 g / t of gold mine tailings, 600 g / t of gold mine tailings, 700 g / t of gold mine tailings, 800 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 400 g / t and 800 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0074] H. The sweeping feldspar inhibitor is gum arabic, and the addition amount is 20-40 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0075] I. The number of sweeping is 2, and the middlings in each sweeping are sequentially returned to the previous stage.

[0076] Optionally, the addition amount of the sweeping feldspar inhibitor can be 20 g / t of gold mine tailings, 30 g / t of gold mine tailings, 40 g / t of gold mine tailings, or any value between 20 g / t and 40 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0078] J. The precise quartz activator comprises CaO and / or CaCl2, and the addition amount is 50-100 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0079] K. The precise feldspar inhibitor is gum arabic, and the addition amount is 25-50 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0080] L. The fatty acid collector is oleic acid, and the addition amount is 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0081] M. The number of precise selection is 2, and the middlings in each precise selection are sequentially returned to the previous stage.

[0082] Optionally, the addition amount of the selected quartz activator can be any value between 50 g / t of gold mine tailings, 60 g / t of gold mine tailings, 70 g / t of gold mine tailings, 80 g / t of gold mine tailings, 90 g / t of gold mine tailings, 100 g / t of gold mine tailings, or 50-100 g / t of gold mine tailings; the addition amount of the selected feldspar depressant can be any value between 25 g / t of gold mine tailings, 30 g / t of gold mine tailings, 35 g / t of gold mine tailings, 40 g / t of gold mine tailings, 45 g / t of gold mine tailings, 50 g / t of gold mine tailings, or 25-50 g / t of gold mine tailings; and the addition amount of the fatty acid collector can be any value between 100 g / t of gold mine tailings, 110 g / t of gold mine tailings, 120 g / t of gold mine tailings, 130 g / t of gold mine tailings, 140 g / t of gold mine tailings, 150 g / t of gold mine tailings, 160 g / t of gold mine tailings, 170 g / t of gold mine tailings, 180 g / t of gold mine tailings, 190 g / t of gold mine tailings, 200 g / t of gold mine tailings, or 100-200 g / t of gold mine tailings.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, the pre-treatment comprises:

[0084] The gold mine tailings are subjected to a first screening to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; the coarse-grained minerals are subjected to multiple grinding and a second screening, and then mixed with the fine-grained minerals to obtain the ore-dressing feed.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, the time for each grinding is 4 min.

[0086] When the grinding time is too long, the yield of fine-grained minerals of -0.020 mm in the grinding product is too high, and the fine-grained feldspar minerals are prone to be lost in the pre-decarbonate flotation tailings, the pre-de-mica flotation tailings, and the de-quartz tailings; when the grinding time is too short, the screening of the grinding product and the number of cycles of coarse-grained grinding are too high, and the production efficiency is too low.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, the total content of K2O and Na2O in the feldspar concentrate is not less than 10 wt%.

[0088] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with specific examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustration of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. If no manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is specified, all are conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] As Figure 1As shown, the embodiment provides a method for extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings, which is used for dressing gold mine tailings with K2O content of 4.43% and Na2O content of 2.37%. The main minerals of the gold mine tailings are quartz, sodium feldspar, muscovite, potassium feldspar, calcite, etc. The specific dressing method for extracting feldspar can include the following steps:

[0091] Step a1, the gold mine tailings are sieved by a sieve with a pore size of 0.150mm. The coarse-grained sample is obtained on the sieve, and the fine-grained sample is obtained under the sieve.

[0092] Step b1, the coarse-grained sample in step a1 is ground in a ball mill, and the fixed grinding time is 4min. The grinding product returns to step a1 for repeated sieving and grinding until the coarse-grained sample is completely ground into a fine-grained sample.

[0093] Step c1, the fine-grained sample produced by the repeated operation of steps a1 and b1 is fed into a flotation machine and prepared into a flotation slurry with a solid mass concentration of 30wt%. Sodium carbonate and oleic acid are added to the flotation slurry. The addition amount of sodium carbonate is 500g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of oleic acid is 100g / t of gold mine tailings. Stirring is performed for 4min to remove carbonate minerals. The froth is a decarbonated tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine is a muscovite flotation feed.

[0094] Step d1, dodecylamine and ether amine are added to the muscovite flotation feed in step c1. The addition amount of dodecylamine is 50g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of ether amine is 50g / t of gold mine tailings. Stirring is performed for 2min to remove muscovite. The froth is a muscovite tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine is a quartz flotation feed.

[0095] Step e1, sodium hydroxide, quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector are added to the quartz flotation feed in step d1. The addition amount of sodium hydroxide is 500g / t of gold mine tailings, and the pulp pH value is 11.10. The addition amount of quartz activator CaO is 300g / t of gold mine tailings. The addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 50g / t of gold mine tailings. The addition amount of collector oleic acid is 400g / t of gold mine tailings. Stirring is performed for 6min to perform quartz flotation roughing. The froth is a roughing tailings, and the underflow is a roughing concentrate.

[0096] Step f1, feldspar depressant is added to the roughing tailings in step e1. Scavenging is performed twice, and the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 25g / t of gold mine tailings each time. The scavenging middlings and quartz tailings are obtained. The scavenging middlings obtained each time are returned to the upper stage in sequence.

[0097] Step g1, quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector are added to the rough concentrate of step e1, and two times of cleaning are performed, the quartz activator CaO is added at an amount of 50 g / t of gold tailings, the feldspar depressant gum arabic is added at an amount of 25 g / t of gold tailings, and the collector oleic acid is added at an amount of 100 g / t of gold tailings, so as to obtain the cleaning middlings and feldspar concentrate. The cleaning middlings obtained in each cleaning are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0098] Specifically, through chemical analysis detection, in the feldspar concentrate finally obtained in step g1 of the embodiment 1, the K2O content is 6.45%, the Na2O content is 4.02%, the K2O recovery rate is 56.33%, and the Na2O recovery rate is 54.98% according to the mass percentage. The K2O+Na2O content of the feldspar concentrate in the embodiment 1 is 10.47%, which meets the qualified product requirements of feldspar products.

[0099] Embodiment 2

[0100] The embodiment provides a method for extracting feldspar from gold tailings, which is used for mineral processing of gold tailings with a K2O content of 4.03% and a Na2O content of 3.12%, and the main minerals of the gold tailings are quartz, potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, sericite, dolomite, calcite and the like. The specific mineral processing method for extracting feldspar can include the following steps:

[0101] Step a2, the gold tailings are sieved by a sieve with a pore size of 0.150 mm, and the sieve upper part is a coarse particle sample, and the sieve lower part is a fine particle sample.

[0102] Step b2, the coarse particle sample of step a2 is put into a ball mill for grinding, and the fixed grinding time is 4 min, the grinding product is returned to step a2, and the sieving and grinding are repeated until the coarse particle sample is completely ground into a fine particle sample.

[0103] Step c2, the fine particle sample produced by the repeated operation of steps a2 and b2 is fed into a flotation machine and made into a flotation slurry with a solid mass concentration of 38 wt%, sodium carbonate and oleic acid are added to the flotation slurry, the addition amount of sodium carbonate is 750 g / t of gold tailings, and the addition amount of oleic acid is 150 g / t of gold tailings, and the total stirring time is 4 min, so as to perform carbonate mineral removal flotation, and the froth is a decarbonated tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine is a mica removal flotation feed.

[0104] Step d2, octadecylamine and ether amine are added to the mica removal flotation feed of step c2, the addition amount of octadecylamine is 75 g / t of gold tailings, and the addition amount of ether amine is 75 g / t of gold tailings, and the stirring time is 2 min, so as to perform mica removal flotation, and the froth is a mica removal tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine is a quartz removal flotation feed.

[0105] Step e2, adding sodium hydroxide, quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector to the de-quartzed feed ore of step d2, the amount of sodium hydroxide added is 1000 g / t of gold tailings, the pulp pH value is 11.50, the amount of quartz activator CaCl2 added is 500 g / t of gold tailings, the amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic added is 75 g / t of gold tailings, the amount of collector oleic acid added is 600 g / t of gold tailings, and the mixture is stirred for 6 min, de-quartz flotation roughing is carried out, the froth is the roughing tailings, and the flotation underflow is the roughing concentrate.

[0106] Step f2, adding feldspar depressant to the roughing tailings of step e2, sweeping 2 times, and the amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic added in each sweeping is 30 g / t of gold tailings, so as to obtain sweeping middlings and de-quartz tailings. The sweeping middlings obtained in each sweeping are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0107] Step g2, adding quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector to the roughing concentrate of step e2, and cleaning 2 times, the amount of quartz activator CaCl2 added in each cleaning is 75 g / t of gold tailings, the amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic added is 30 g / t of gold tailings, and the amount of collector oleic acid added is 150 g / t of gold tailings, so as to obtain cleaning middlings and feldspar concentrate. The cleaning middlings obtained in each cleaning are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0108] Specifically, through chemical analysis detection, according to the mass percentage, the K2O content in the feldspar concentrate finally obtained in step g2 of this embodiment 2 is 6.78%, the Na2O content is 4.41%, the K2O recovery rate is 58.56%, and the Na2O recovery rate is 57.23%. The K2O+Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate in this embodiment 2 is 11.19%, which meets the qualified product requirements of feldspar products.

[0109] Embodiment 3

[0110] This embodiment provides a method for extracting feldspar from gold tailings, which is used for mineral processing of gold tailings with a K2O content of 5.21% and a Na2O content of 1.79%. The main minerals of the gold tailings include potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, sodium calcium feldspar, quartz, biotite, dolomite, calcite, chlorite, etc. The specific mineral processing method for extracting feldspar can include the following steps:

[0111] Step a3, the gold tailings are sieved by a sieve with a pore size of 0.150 mm, the sieve upper part is a coarse particle sample, and the sieve lower part is a fine particle sample.

[0112] Step b3, the coarse particle sample of step a3 is fed into a ball mill for grinding, the fixed grinding time is 4 min, the grinding product is returned to step a3, and the sieving and grinding are repeated until the coarse particle sample is completely ground into a fine particle sample.

[0113] Step c3, the fine particle grade sample produced by repeating the operation of step a3 and step b3 is fed into a flotation machine and made into a flotation slurry with a solid mass concentration of 45 wt%, sodium carbonate and oleic acid are added to the flotation slurry, the addition amount of sodium carbonate is 1000 g / t of gold tailings, the addition amount of oleic acid is 200 g / t of gold tailings, and the mixing is carried out for 4 min, the flotation of carbonate minerals is carried out, the froth is a decarbonated tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine is a mica flotation feed.

[0114] Step d3, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and ether amine are added to the mica flotation feed of step c3, the addition amount of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is 100 g / t of gold tailings, the addition amount of ether amine is 100 g / t of gold tailings, the mixing is carried out for 2 min, the mica removal flotation is carried out, the froth is a mica removal tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine is a quartz flotation feed.

[0115] Step e3, sodium hydroxide, quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector are added to the quartz removal feed of step d3, the addition amount of sodium hydroxide is 1500 g / t of gold tailings, the pH value of the slurry is 11.80, the addition amount of quartz activator CaCl2 is 500 g / t of gold tailings, the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 100 g / t of gold tailings, the addition amount of collector oleic acid is 800 g / t of gold tailings, and the mixing is carried out for 6 min, the roughing of quartz removal flotation is carried out, the froth is a roughing tailings, and the underflow in the flotation is a roughing concentrate.

[0116] Step f3, the feldspar depressant is added to the roughing tailings of step e3, and the scavenging is carried out for 2 times, the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 40 g / t of gold tailings for each time of scavenging, so as to obtain a scavenging middlings and a quartz removal tailings. The scavenging middlings obtained in each time of scavenging is sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0117] Step g3, the quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector are added to the roughing concentrate of step e3, and the cleaning is carried out for 2 times, the addition amount of quartz activator CaCl2 is 100 g / t of gold tailings, the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 50 g / t of gold tailings, and the addition amount of collector oleic acid is 200 g / t of gold tailings for each time of cleaning, so as to obtain a cleaning middlings and a feldspar concentrate. The cleaning middlings obtained in each time of cleaning is sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0118] Specifically, through chemical analysis detection, according to the mass percentage, the K2O content in the feldspar concentrate finally obtained in step g3 of the embodiment 3 of the present application is 7.45%, the Na2O content is 3.03%, the K2O recovery rate is 61.87%, and the Na2O recovery rate is 54.78%. The K2O+Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate in the embodiment 3 of the present application is 10.48%, which reaches the qualified product requirement of feldspar product.

[0119] Comparative example 1

[0120] The gold mine tailings of the comparative example 1 are the same as the gold mine tailings of example 1. The gold mine tailings of the comparative example 1 are not pre-screened and ground, and a beneficiation process of directly removing carbonate minerals, removing mica and removing quartz is adopted to recover feldspar products. The beneficiation method for extracting feldspar can include the following steps:

[0121] Step a4, the gold mine tailings are fed into the flotation machine and a flotation slurry with a solid mass concentration of 30wt% is prepared. Sodium carbonate and oleic acid are added to the flotation slurry, the addition amount of sodium carbonate is 500g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of oleic acid is 100g / t of gold mine tailings. Stir for 4min to remove carbonate minerals, and the froth is a carbonate-removed tailings. The underflow in the flotation machine is a mica-removed flotation feed.

[0122] Step b4, add dodecylamine and ether amine to the mica-removed flotation feed of step a4, the addition amount of dodecylamine is 50g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of ether amine is 50g / t of gold mine tailings. Stir for 2min to remove mica, and the froth is a mica-removed tailings. The underflow in the flotation machine is a quartz-removed flotation feed.

[0123] Step c4, add sodium hydroxide, quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector to the quartz-removed feed of step b4, the addition amount of sodium hydroxide is 500g / t of gold mine tailings, the pH value of the slurry is 11.10, the addition amount of quartz activator CaO is 300g / t of gold mine tailings, the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 50g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of collector oleic acid is 400g / t of gold mine tailings. Stir for 6min to remove quartz by roughing, and the froth is a roughing tailings. The underflow in the flotation machine is a roughing concentrate.

[0124] Step d4, add feldspar depressant to the roughing tailings of step c4, and clean 2 times, the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 25g / t of gold mine tailings each time, to obtain a cleaning middlings and a quartz-removed tailings. The cleaning middlings obtained each time are returned to the upper stage in sequence.

[0125] Step e4, add quartz activator, feldspar depressant and collector to the roughing concentrate of step d4, and clean 2 times, the addition amount of quartz activator CaO is 50g / t of gold mine tailings, the addition amount of feldspar depressant gum arabic is 25g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of collector oleic acid is 100g / t of gold mine tailings each time, to obtain a cleaning middlings and a feldspar concentrate. The cleaning middlings obtained each time are returned to the upper stage in sequence.

[0126] Specifically, through chemical analysis detection, the K2O content in the feldspar concentrate finally obtained in step e4 of the Comparative Example 1 was 5.78%, the Na2O content was 3.17%, the K2O recovery rate was 65.24%, and the Na2O recovery rate was 66.88% according to the mass percentage. The K2O+Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate in the Comparative Example 1 was 8.95%, which did not meet the qualified product requirements of the feldspar product.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] The gold mine tailings of the Comparative Example 2 were the same as those of the Example 2. The Comparative Example 2 aimed at the gold mine tailings, and a pre-screening and grinding process was performed. The fine particle level sample was subjected to a mineral processing technology of decarbonated flotation, demica flotation, and quartz flotation to recover the feldspar product. In the quartz flotation roughing, cleaning, and scavenging, no feldspar depressant gum arabic was added. The specific mineral processing method for extracting feldspar can include the following steps:

[0129] Step a5, the gold mine tailings were screened by a sieve with a pore size of 0.150 mm. The sieve-up part was a coarse particle level sample, and the sieve-down part was a fine particle level sample.

[0130] Step b5, the coarse particle level sample in step a5 was fed into a ball mill for grinding. The fixed grinding time was 4 min. The grinding product was returned to step a5 for repeated screening and grinding until the coarse particle level sample was completely ground into a fine particle level sample.

[0131] Step c5, the fine particle level sample produced by the repeated operation of steps a5 and b5 was fed into a flotation machine and prepared into a flotation slurry with a solid mass concentration of 38 wt%. Sodium carbonate and oleic acid were added to the flotation slurry. The addition amount of sodium carbonate was 750 g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of oleic acid was 150 g / t of gold mine tailings. The total stirring time was 4 min. The flotation was decarbonated mineral flotation. The froth was a decarbonated tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine was a demica flotation feed.

[0132] Step d5, octadecylamine and ether amine were added to the demica flotation feed in step c5. The addition amount of octadecylamine was 75 g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of ether amine was 75 g / t of gold mine tailings. The stirring time was 2 min. The flotation was demica flotation. The froth was a demica tailings, and the underflow in the flotation machine was a quartz flotation feed.

[0133] Step e5, sodium hydroxide, a quartz activator, and a collector were added to the quartz flotation feed in step d5. The addition amount of sodium hydroxide was 1000 g / t of gold mine tailings, the pH value of the slurry was 11.50, the addition amount of the quartz activator CaCl2 was 500 g / t of gold mine tailings, and the addition amount of the collector oleic acid was 600 g / t of gold mine tailings. The total stirring time was 6 min. The flotation was quartz flotation roughing. The froth was a roughing tailings, and the underflow in the flotation was a roughing concentrate.

[0134] Step f5, the roughing tailings of step e5 are cleaned 2 times without adding reagents, so as to obtain cleaned middlings and de-quartz tailings. The cleaned middlings obtained in each cleaning are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0135] Step g5, the roughing concentrate of step e5 is added with a quartz activator and a collector, and cleaned 2 times. The addition amount of the quartz activator CaCl2 is 75 g / t of gold tailings, and the addition amount of the collector oleic acid is 150 g / t of gold tailings in each cleaning, so as to obtain cleaned middlings and feldspar concentrate. The cleaned middlings obtained in each cleaning are sequentially returned to the upper stage operation.

[0136] Specifically, through chemical analysis detection, the K2O content in the feldspar concentrate finally obtained in step g5 of the comparative example 2 is 5.21%, and the Na2O content is 3.87%, according to the mass percentage. The K2O recovery rate is 23.12%, and the Na2O recovery rate is 21.87%. The K2O+Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate in the comparative example 2 is 9.08%, which does not meet the qualified product requirement of feldspar product, and the K2O recovery rate and the Na2O recovery rate are much lower than those in the example 2.

[0137] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0138] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some of the embodiments herein include certain features rather than others included in other embodiments, the combination of features of different embodiments means to be within the scope of the present application and form different embodiments. For example, in the above claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The information disclosed in the BACKGROUND section is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background of the present application, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or implying in any form that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings, characterised by, The application relates to a gold ore tailing processing method. The gold ore tailing is pretreated to obtain an ore dressing feed; sodium carbonate and oleic acid are added to the ore dressing feed to perform descarbonate flotation to obtain a desmica flotation feed and a descarbonate tailing; a cationic collector is added to the desmica flotation feed to perform desmica flotation to obtain a desquartz flotation feed and a desmica tailing; sodium hydroxide, a roughing quartz activator, a roughing feldspar inhibitor and a roughing collector are added to the desquartz flotation feed to perform roughing desquartz flotation to obtain a roughing concentrate and a roughing tailing; the adding amount of the sodium carbonate is 500-1000 g / t of the gold ore tailing; the adding amount of the oleic acid is 100-200 g / t of the gold ore tailing; the cationic collector comprises one or more of dodecylamine, octadecylamine, ether amine and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, and the total adding amount of the cationic collector is 100-200 g / t of the gold ore tailing; the pH of the desquartz flotation feed slurry to which the sodium hydroxide is added is not less than 11; the roughing quartz activator comprises CaO and / or CaCl2, and the adding amount is 300-500 g / t of the gold ore tailing; the roughing feldspar inhibitor is gum arabic, and the adding amount is 50-100 g / t of the gold ore tailing; and the roughing collector is oleic acid, and the adding amount is 400-800 g / t of the gold ore tailing. The roughing tailing is added with a scavenging feldspar inhibitor to perform scavenging to obtain a scavenging concentrate and a desquartz tailing, and the scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the upper stage operation; the roughing concentrate is added with a cleaning quartz activator, a cleaning feldspar inhibitor and a fatty acid collector to perform cleaning to obtain a cleaning concentrate and a feldspar concentrate, and the cleaning concentrate is sequentially returned to the upper stage operation; the scavenging feldspar inhibitor is gum arabic, and the adding amount is 20-40 g / t of the gold ore tailing; the cleaning quartz activator comprises CaO and / or CaCl2, and the adding amount is 50-100 g / t of the gold ore tailing; the cleaning feldspar inhibitor is gum arabic, and the adding amount is 25-50 g / t of the gold ore tailing; and the fatty acid collector is oleic acid, and the adding amount is 100-200 g / t of the gold ore tailing. The particle size of the ore dressing feed is less than or equal to 0.15 mm. The initial slurry concentration of the descarbonate flotation is 30-45 wt%.

2. The method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scavenging is performed twice, and the scavenging concentrate is sequentially returned to the upper stage operation each time.

3. The method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning is performed twice, and the cleaning concentrate is sequentially returned to the upper stage operation each time.

4. The method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment comprises:

5. The method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gold ore tailing is first screened to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; the coarse-grained minerals are ground for multiple times and second screened, and then mixed with the fine-grained minerals to obtain the ore dressing feed. The grinding time of each grinding is 4 min.

6. The method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The total content of K2O and Na2O in the feldspar concentrate is not less than 10 wt%.

7. The method of extracting feldspar from gold mine tailings according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, ​

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