Thermal management system and method of controlling the same

Abstract

The application discloses a heat management system, in which, in a defrosting mode, a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first valve device, a second heat exchanger, a second valve device and a first heat exchange part are communicated, refrigerant in the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with cooling liquid in a second heat exchange part, the first valve device is in a full-through state or a throttling state, the second valve device is in a throttling state, the second heat exchanger is in a heat releasing state, along a flow direction of the refrigerant, the first valve device is connected in series between an outlet of the first heat exchanger and an inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the second valve device is connected in series between an outlet of the second heat exchanger and an inlet of the first heat exchange part. By adjusting the opening degrees of the first valve device and the second valve device, the heat exchange amount at the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be adjusted, so that the heating effect at the first heat exchanger and the defrosting effect at the second heat exchanger are balanced. The application further provides a control method of the heat management system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to a thermal management system and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The thermal management system of a vehicle (for example, an electric vehicle) can regulate the temperature in the passenger cabin and manage the heat of the battery. When the temperature is low in winter, the thermal management system starts the heating mode, the indoor heat exchanger releases heat to meet the heating demand of the passenger cabin, and the outdoor heat exchanger absorbs heat from the atmosphere. However, due to the low temperature of the external environment, after a period of operation in the heating mode, the outdoor heat exchanger will frost, and the heat absorption capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger will decrease, thereby affecting the heating effect.

[0003] In the related thermal management system, when the outdoor heat exchanger frosts, the thermal management system is switched to the defrosting mode, and the outdoor heat exchanger releases heat to improve the frosting phenomenon. However, at this time, the indoor heat exchanger absorbs heat, which reduces the temperature in the passenger cabin and the comfort of the passengers. The inventors believe that there is a need for improvement. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the related art, the present application provides a thermal management system and a control method thereof, which can balance the heating effect and the defrosting effect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application: a thermal management system, comprising: a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a first valve device, a second valve device, and an air conditioning box, wherein the first heat exchanger is located in the air conditioning box, the second heat exchanger is located outside the air conditioning box, and the third heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part which are isolated from each other; the thermal management system comprises a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, the refrigerant system comprises the first heat exchange part, and the cooling liquid system comprises the second heat exchange part; the thermal management system has a defrosting mode, in the defrosting mode, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the second heat exchanger, the second valve device, and the first heat exchange part are in communication, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange part exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange part, the first valve device is in a full-through state or a throttling state, the second valve device is in a throttling state, the second heat exchanger is in a heat releasing state, and along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the second valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the first heat exchange part.

[0006] In the defrosting mode, the heat exchange amount at the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the first valve device and the second valve device, so as to balance the heating effect at the first heat exchanger and the defrosting effect at the second heat exchanger.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a control method of a thermal management system, the thermal management system comprising a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a first valve device, a second valve device, an air conditioning box and a controller, the first heat exchanger being located in the air conditioning box, the second heat exchanger being located outside the air conditioning box, the third heat exchanger comprising a first heat exchange part and a second heat exchange part which are isolated from each other; the thermal management system comprising a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, the refrigerant system comprising the first heat exchange part, the cooling liquid system comprising the second heat exchange part; the controller being used for executing the control method of the thermal management system, the control method of the thermal management system comprising: the controller controlling the thermal management system to enter a defrosting mode, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the second heat exchanger, the second valve device and the first heat exchange part being communicated, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange part being in heat exchange with the cooling liquid in the second heat exchange part, the first valve device being in a full-through state or a throttling state, the second valve device being in a throttling state, the second heat exchanger being in a heat releasing state, the controller being electrically connected with the first valve device and the second valve device and adjusting the opening degrees of the first valve device and the second valve device, the first valve device being connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger along the flow direction of the refrigerant, and the second valve device being connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the first heat exchange part.

[0008] In the present application, the controller controls the thermal management system to run in the defrosting mode, the controller is electrically connected with the first valve device and the second valve device, and the opening degrees of the first valve device and the second valve device can be adjusted, so as to balance the heating effect at the first heat exchanger and the defrosting effect at the second heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0011] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0012] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application;

[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth heating mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0016] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a battery heating mode according to an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0017] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the heating and dehumidification mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0018] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the defrosting mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0019] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0020] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the heat storage mode of an embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0021] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh heating mode of another embodiment of the thermal management system of this application;

[0022] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth heating mode of another embodiment of the thermal management system of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the implementation methods can complement or combine with each other.

[0024] According to a specific embodiment of the thermal management system of this application, such as Figure 1As shown, the thermal management system comprises a third heat exchanger 4 and a fifth heat exchanger 3, both of which are liquid-cooled heat exchangers, the structure and working principle of which are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein. The third heat exchanger 4 comprises a first heat exchange portion 41 and a second heat exchange portion 42, and the fifth heat exchanger 3 comprises a third heat exchange portion 31 and a fourth heat exchange portion 32. The third heat exchanger 4 and the fifth heat exchanger 3 are respectively used for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid. The third heat exchanger 4 and the fifth heat exchanger 3 can be the same or different.

[0025] The various components of the thermal management system are connected by pipelines to form two systems, namely a refrigerant system and a cooling liquid system, which are isolated and not connected to each other. The refrigerant system circulates refrigerant, and the cooling liquid system circulates cooling liquid. The refrigerant can be R134A or carbon dioxide or other heat exchange medium, and the cooling liquid can be a mixture of ethanol and water or other cooling medium. Among them, the flow channel of the first heat exchange portion 41 and the flow channel of the third heat exchange portion 31 are connected to the refrigerant system, and the flow channel of the second heat exchange portion 42 and the flow channel of the fourth heat exchange portion 32 are connected to the cooling liquid system.

[0026] It should be explained that "the flow channel of the first heat exchange portion 41 is connected to the refrigerant system" means that the refrigerant system comprises the first heat exchange portion 41, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant system can flow into and out of the flow channel of the first heat exchange portion 41. The inlet and outlet of the first heat exchange portion 41 can be connected to other components in the refrigerant system through pipelines, and form a loop through pipeline connection during the operation of the thermal management system. The flow channel of the third heat exchange portion 31 is connected to the refrigerant system, and the flow channel of the second heat exchange portion 42 and the flow channel of the fourth heat exchange portion 32 are connected to the cooling liquid system, as explained above.

[0027] In this embodiment, the refrigerant system comprises a compressor 1, a first heat exchange portion 41, a third heat exchange portion 31, a first heat exchanger 101, a second heat exchanger 103, a sixth heat exchanger 102, a first valve device 22, a second valve device 24, a third valve device 21, a fourth valve device 23, a first stop valve 25 and a second stop valve 26. The above-mentioned components can be indirectly connected by pipelines or valve devices, or can be integrated into an integral structure.

[0028] The first valve device 22 has a closed state, a throttling state, a full-through state and a flow regulating state. When the opening degree of the first valve device 22 is 0, the first valve device 22 is in the closed state, and the pipelines on both sides of the first valve device 22 are substantially not connected. When the opening degree of the first valve device 22 is greater than 0 but less than or equal to a first set value, the first valve device 22 is in the throttling state, and the refrigerant flowing through the first valve device 22 is cooled and decompressed. When the first valve device 22 is in the throttling state, the opening degree of the first valve device 22 is adjusted between 0 and the first set value according to the heat exchange requirement, so as to adjust the throttling effect of the first valve device 22. When the opening degree of the first valve device 22 is greater than the first set value but less than a second set value, the first valve device 22 is in the flow regulating state, and the pipelines on both sides of the first valve device 22 are connected but do not have the throttling function. When the first valve device 22 is in the flow regulating state, the opening degree of the first valve device 22 is adjusted between the first set value and the second set value according to the heat exchange requirement, so as to adjust the flow of the refrigerant flowing through the first valve device 22. When the opening degree of the first valve device 22 is greater than or equal to the second set value, the first valve device 22 is in the full-through state, and the pipelines on both sides of the first valve device 22 are completely connected. Optionally, the first valve device 22 is a full-through bidirectional throttling valve. It needs to be understood that the first set value and the second set value are two fixed values set according to product requirements, the first set value and the second set value are between 0 and 100, and the second set value is greater than the first set value. The second valve device 24, the third valve device 21 and the fourth valve device 23 in the embodiment all have the closed state, the throttling state, the full-through state and the flow regulating state, and the working principles thereof are the same as that of the first valve device 22, which can be referred to the above description. In the application, the first valve device 22 and the third valve device 21 can not have the closed state.

[0029] The first stop valve 25 has a full-through state and a closed state. When the first stop valve 25 is in the full-through state, the pipelines on both sides of the first stop valve 25 are connected. When the first stop valve 25 is in the closed state, the pipelines on both sides of the first stop valve 25 are not connected. The second stop valve 26 has a full-through state and a closed state, and the working principle thereof is the same as that of the first stop valve 25, which can be referred to the above description.

[0030] In some other embodiments, the first valve device 22, the second valve device 24, the third valve device 21, the fourth valve device 23, the first stop valve 25 and the second stop valve 26 can be other types of valves or combinations of at least two valves respectively, as long as they have the above working states, which are not limited in the application.

[0031] The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to one port of the third valve device 21, the other port of the third valve device 21 is connected to one port of the first heat exchanger 101, the other port of the first heat exchanger 101 is connected to one port of the first valve device 22, the other port of the first valve device 22, one port of the first stop valve 25 and one port of the third heat exchange part 31 are connected. The other port of the third heat exchange part 31 is connected to one port of the second heat exchanger 103, the other port of the second heat exchanger 103, one port of the second stop valve 26, one port of the second valve device 24 and one port of the fourth valve device 23 are connected. The other port of the second valve device 24 is connected to one port of the first heat exchange part 41, the other port of the fourth valve device 23 is connected to one port of the sixth heat exchanger 102. The other port of the first heat exchange part 41, the other port of the sixth heat exchanger 102, the other port of the first stop valve 25, the other port of the second stop valve 26 and the inlet of the compressor 1 are connected.

[0032] In some other embodiments, the refrigerant system is further provided with a gas-liquid separator 6, which is arranged before the inlet of the compressor 1 to separate the refrigerant before entering the compressor 1, so as to reduce the possibility of liquid hammer of the compressor 1.

[0033] In some other embodiments, the refrigerant system is further provided with a seventh heat exchanger 5, which comprises a fifth heat exchange part 51 and a sixth heat exchange part 52, and the seventh heat exchanger 5 is used for heat exchange between refrigerants. The seventh heat exchanger 5 is an intermediate heat exchanger, and the structure and working principle of the intermediate heat exchanger are known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein. One port of the sixth heat exchange part 52 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1, the other port of the first heat exchange part 41, the other port of the sixth heat exchanger 102, the other port of the first stop valve 25, the other port of the second stop valve 26 and the other port of the sixth heat exchange part 52 are connected. One port of the fifth heat exchange part 51 is connected to the other port of the second heat exchanger 103, the other port of the fifth heat exchange part 51, one port of the second stop valve 26, one port of the second valve device 24 and one port of the fourth valve device 23 are connected. If the thermal management system is further provided with a gas-liquid separator 6, the other port of the sixth heat exchange part 52 is connected to the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 6, the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 6, the other port of the first heat exchange part 41, the other port of the sixth heat exchanger 102, the other port of the first stop valve 25 and the other port of the second stop valve 26 are connected. The refrigerant in the fifth heat exchange part 51 heats the refrigerant in the sixth heat exchange part 52, so as to increase the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1, which can be used to increase the outlet temperature of the compressor 1, further reduce the possibility of liquid hammer of the compressor 1, and also can be used to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant before throttling in the refrigeration mode, and improve the refrigeration effect.

[0034] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator 6 and the seventh heat exchanger 5 can be integrated into one component which has both gas-liquid separation and intermediate heat exchange functions. For the purpose of understanding and simplifying the description, the following description is made by taking the example of not setting the gas-liquid separator 6 and the seventh heat exchanger 5.

[0035] In the present embodiment, the cooling liquid system includes the first pump 9, the second pump 8, the second heat exchange part 42, the fourth heat exchange part 32, the fourth heat exchanger 104, the battery heat exchange device 105, the motor heat exchange device 107, the heating device 108, the multi-way device 7 and the bypass pipeline 10. The above-mentioned components can be indirectly connected through pipelines or valve parts, or can be integrated into an integral structure.

[0036] The first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are used to provide power for the flow of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid system. Optionally, the first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are electronic water pumps, and the types and specifications of the two pumps can be the same or different, which are selected according to the requirements of the thermal management system.

[0037] The battery heat exchange device 105 is used for thermal management of the battery. Optionally, the battery heat exchange device 105 can be an integrated component which is an integral structure with the battery, or can be an independent component which is assembled with the battery. The motor heat exchange device 107 is used for thermal management of the motor. Optionally, the motor heat exchange device 107 can be an integrated component which is an integral structure with the motor, or can be an independent component which is assembled with the motor. The heating device 108 is used for heating the cooling liquid. Optionally, the heating device 108 is a PTC heater. The bypass pipeline 10 is a hollow pipe which can be used for bypassing some components.

[0038] The cooling liquid system includes the battery branch A, the motor branch B, the cooling branch C and the multi-way device 7. The battery branch A includes the first pump 9, the heating device 108 and the battery heat exchange device 105. The motor branch B includes the second pump 8, the bypass pipeline 10, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 32 and the fourth heat exchanger 104. The cooling branch C includes the second heat exchange part 42.

[0039] The multi-way device 7 includes the first interface 71, the second interface 72, the third interface 73, the fourth interface 74, the fifth interface 75, the sixth interface 76, the seventh interface 77, the eighth interface 78 and the ninth interface 79. Optionally, the multi-way device 7 is a nine-way valve, and the nine interfaces are located in the shell of the nine-way valve and are isolated from each other on the shell. The communication state between the interfaces is switched by controlling the valve core assembly in the shell. In the present application, the seventh interface 77 and the eighth interface 78 are in communication. The two interfaces can be connected by setting a hole in the multi-way device 7, or can be connected by using an external pipeline.

[0040] In the present application, the multi-pass device 7 has four working states: in the first working state, the first interface 71 is in communication with the fifth interface 75, the second interface 72 or the third interface 73 is in communication with the fourth interface 74, the ninth interface 79 is in communication with the sixth interface 76, and the seventh interface 77 is in communication with the eighth interface 78; in the second working state, the first interface 71 is in communication with the second interface 72 or the third interface 73, the fourth interface 74 is in communication with the ninth interface 79, the fifth interface 75 is in communication with the eighth interface 78, and the seventh interface 77 is in communication with the sixth interface 76; in the third working state, the second interface 72 or the third interface 73 is in communication with the sixth interface 76, the fourth interface 74 is in communication with the fifth interface 75, the first interface 71 is in communication with the seventh interface 77, and the eighth interface 78 is in communication with the ninth interface 79; and in the fourth working state, the first interface 71 is in communication with the ninth interface 79, the second interface 72 or the third interface 73 is in communication with the eighth interface 78, the fourth interface 74 is in communication with the seventh interface 77, and the sixth interface 76 is in communication with the fifth interface 75.

[0041] In the cooling branch C, one port of the second heat exchange portion 42 is connected to the first interface 71, and the other port of the second heat exchange portion 42 is connected to the ninth interface 79. In the battery branch A, the outlet of the first pump 9 is connected to one port of the heating device 108, the other port of the heating device 108 is connected to the fifth interface 75, the inlet of the first pump 9 is connected to one port of the battery heat exchange device 105, and the other port of the battery heat exchange device 105 is connected to the sixth interface 76. In the motor branch B, the inlet of the second pump 8 is connected to the fourth interface 74, the outlet of the second pump 8 is connected to one port of the motor heat exchange device 107, the other port of the motor heat exchange device 107, one port of the bypass pipeline 10, and one port of the fourth heat exchange portion 32 are connected, the other port of the bypass pipeline 10 is connected to the third interface 73, the other port of the fourth heat exchange portion 32 is connected to one port of the fourth heat exchanger 104, and the other port of the fourth heat exchanger 104 is connected to the second interface 72. Through the multi-pass device 7, communication of any two of the cooling branch C, the motor branch B, and the battery branch A, or no communication among the three branches, can be achieved. It can be understood that when the multi-pass device 7 is in the fourth working state, the battery branch A, the motor branch B, and the cooling branch C are not in communication, and through the multi-pass device 7, a circuit can be independently formed for each.

[0042] The heat management system provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle has an air conditioner box 100 for heat exchange with air in a passenger cabin. A first heat exchanger 101 and a sixth heat exchanger 102 are arranged in the air conditioner box 100. The first heat exchanger 101 and the sixth heat exchanger 102 are used for heat exchange with air in the air conditioner box 100, so as to adjust the temperature of the passenger cabin. The first heat exchanger 101 is located on the downstream side of the air flow relative to the sixth heat exchanger 102. A fan is arranged in the air conditioner box 100, and is used for guiding the flow of air in the air conditioner box 100. The air conditioner box 100 is provided with an air door. By adjusting the air door, it can be controlled whether air flows through the first heat exchanger 101 and the air volume flowing through the first heat exchanger 101 is adjusted. A second heat exchanger 103 and a fourth heat exchanger 104 are arranged side by side near an air inlet grille at the front of the vehicle, and a fan device is arranged for guiding the flow of air. The second heat exchanger 103 and the fourth heat exchanger 104 are used for heat exchange with the atmosphere, and are used for releasing heat to the atmosphere or absorbing heat from the atmosphere. A compressor 1 and a gas-liquid separator 6 are arranged in a front cavity of the driver's cabin. The first heat exchanger 101, the second heat exchanger 103, the fourth heat exchanger 104 and the sixth heat exchanger 102 are all air-cooled heat exchangers, and are all used for heat exchange with air. The structure of the air-cooled heat exchanger is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein.

[0043] The heat management system of the embodiments is not only suitable for vehicles, but also suitable for other heat management heat exchange systems. For the convenience of description, the description of the present application is described by taking the application to a vehicle as an example.

[0044] With reference to Figure 2 In the case that the ambient temperature is high, the passenger cabin or the battery has cooling demand, and the heat management system is in a refrigeration mode. When the passenger cabin and the battery both have cooling demand, the compressor 1 is started, the first valve device 22 and the third valve device 21 are in a full open state, the second valve device 24 and the fourth valve device 23 are in a throttling state, the first stop valve 25 and the second stop valve 26 are in a closed state. The first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are started, the heating device 108 is closed for use as a pipeline, and the multi-way valve is in a first working state, and the second interface 72 is in communication with the fourth interface 74. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second valve device 24, the first heat exchange part 41, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the fourth valve device 23, the sixth heat exchanger 102, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the first pump 9, the heating device 108, the second heat exchange part 42, the battery heat exchange device 105, and the inlet of the first pump 9 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 32, the fourth heat exchanger 104, and the inlet of the second pump 8 are sequentially communicated.

[0045] Specifically, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from compressor 1 flows through the first heat exchanger 101 and enters the third heat exchange section 31. At this time, the damper of the air conditioning unit 100 is closed, and the first heat exchanger 101 is used as a pipeline and does not participate in heat exchange. In the fifth heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant in the third heat exchange section 31 releases heat to the coolant in the fourth heat exchange section 32. The second pump 8 drives the coolant to circulate, releasing the heat to the atmospheric environment at the fourth heat exchanger 104. Then, the refrigerant flows into the second heat exchanger 103, where it exchanges heat with the atmospheric environment. The refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger 103 is divided into two paths: one path flows through the fourth valve device 23 in a throttling state, where the cooled and depressurized refrigerant flows into the sixth heat exchanger 102, where it exchanges heat with the air in the air conditioning unit 100 to cool the passenger compartment; the other path flows through the second valve device 24 in a throttling state, where the cooled and depressurized refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section 41. In the third heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 41 absorbs heat from the coolant in the second heat exchange section 42, and the first pump 9 drives the coolant to circulate, thereby cooling the battery. The refrigerant flowing from the sixth heat exchanger 102 and the first heat exchange section 41 flows into the compressor 1 and is compressed again, thus completing the cycle. When the second pump 8 drives the coolant to circulate, it also carries the heat from the motor to the fourth heat exchanger 104, thereby cooling the motor.

[0046] When only the battery requires cooling, the thermal management system connection status is similar to the connection status described above, except that the fourth valve device 23 is in the off state.

[0047] When only the passenger cabin has a cooling requirement, the thermal management system connection status is similar to the connection status described above, except that the second valve device 24 is in the off state and the first pump 9 is closed.

[0048] When the battery temperature is too high and no one is in the vehicle, such as during fast charging when no one is in the car, the thermal management system can activate a rapid battery cooling mode. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The connection status of the thermal management system is basically the same as that of the connection status where only the battery needs cooling, except that the air vent of the air conditioning unit 100 is open, and the first heat exchanger 101 releases heat. In some cases, the first valve device 22 can also be switched to a throttling state to adjust the heat exchange effect of the first heat exchanger 101 and prevent the temperature inside the vehicle from becoming too high.

[0049] like Figures 3 to 7 As shown, when the ambient temperature is low, the passenger cabin has a heating requirement, and the thermal management system is in heating mode. Depending on the status of the battery, motor, and atmospheric environment, heat can be obtained from at least one of the compressor 1, the atmospheric environment, the heating device 108, the motor, and the battery.

[0050] When the atmospheric environment heat is sufficient, the heat management system can run the first heating mode, referring to Figure 3 , the compressor 1 is started, the first valve device 22 is in the throttling state, the third valve device 21 and the second stop valve 26 are in the full-through state, the second valve device 24, the fourth valve device 23 and the first stop valve 25 are in the stop state, and the first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are closed. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second stop valve 26, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the air conditioning box 100 through the first heat exchanger 101 to realize passenger cabin heating, and obtains heat from the atmospheric environment through the second heat exchanger 103. In the current mode, when the motor needs to be cooled, the multi-way valve can be in the first working state, the second interface 72 is communicated with the fourth interface 74, the second pump 8 is started, the outlet of the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 32, the fourth heat exchanger 104, and the inlet of the second pump 8 are sequentially communicated, and the motor is cooled through the fourth heat exchanger 104.

[0051] When the motor has excess heat, the heat management system can run the second heating mode, referring to Figure 4 , the connection state of the heat management system is basically similar to that of the first heating mode, and the difference lies in that the second stop valve 26 is in the stop state, the second valve device 24 is in the full-through state, the second pump 8 is started, and the multi-way valve is in the second working state, and the third interface 73 is communicated with the fourth interface 74. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second valve device 24, the first heat exchange part 41, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the second heat exchange part 42, and the inlet of the second pump 8 are sequentially communicated. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the air conditioning box 100 through the first heat exchanger 101 to realize passenger cabin heating, and obtains heat from the motor through the third heat exchanger 4.

[0052] When the battery has excess heat or needs auxiliary heating, the heat management system can run the third heating mode, referring to Figure 5 , the connection state of the heat management system is basically similar to that of the second heating mode, and the difference lies in that the first pump 9 is started, the second pump 8 is closed, and the multi-way valve is in the first working state. The outlet of the first pump 9, the heating device 108, the second heat exchange part 42, the battery heat exchange device 105, and the inlet of the first pump 9 are sequentially communicated. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the air conditioning box 100 through the first heat exchanger 101 to realize passenger cabin heating, and obtains heat from the battery through the third heat exchanger 4 when the battery has excess heat; when auxiliary heating is needed, the heating device 108 is started, and heat is obtained from the heating device 108 through the third heat exchanger 4.

[0053] In the second and third heating modes, if the ambient temperature is suitable, heat can also be obtained from the ambient environment through the second heat exchanger 103, and if the ambient temperature is not suitable, the second heat exchanger 103 is used as a pipeline and does not participate in heat exchange.

[0054] In some cases, the ambient temperature is low and heat cannot be obtained from the ambient environment, and the cooling liquid system also cannot provide heat, and the compressor 1 works to heat the refrigerant to provide heat. The thermal management system can operate in a fourth heating mode, referring to Figure 6 , the compressor 1 is turned on, at least one of the third valve device 21 and the first valve device 22 is in a throttling state, the first shut-off valve 25 is in a full open state, the second valve device 24, the fourth valve device 23 and the second shut-off valve 26 are in a closed state, and the first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are closed. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the first shut-off valve 25, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially connected. The compressor 1 works to increase the temperature of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the air conditioning box 100 through the first heat exchanger 101 to achieve passenger cabin heating. The pressure and temperature of the refrigerant after throttling by the first valve device 22 or the third valve device 21 are reduced, and the opening degree of the valve device in the throttling state is adjusted to adjust the intake temperature of the compressor 1. The intake temperature of the compressor 1 is controllable, so that the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1 is controllable and relatively stable, and the heating effect is relatively stable.

[0055] If the first valve device 22 and the third valve device 21 are both in a throttling state, the enthalpy difference of the refrigerant at the inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 101 is larger under the same condensing pressure, so that the heat exchange amount at the first heat exchanger 101 is larger, and the heating effect is better.

[0056] Because the vehicle is always driving or running, the motor continues to heat up, and if the motor temperature is high enough, it has excess heat. The thermal management system can operate in a fifth heating mode, referring to Figure 7, the connection state of the thermal management system is basically similar to that of the fourth heating mode, the difference is that the second valve device 24 is in a full-through state, the second pump 8 is turned on, the multi-way device 7 is in a second working state, and the third interface 73 and the fourth interface 74 are in communication. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the first stop valve 25, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second valve device 24, the first heat exchange part 41, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the second pump 8, the motor heat exchanger device 107, the second heat exchange part 42, and the inlet of the second pump 8 are sequentially communicated. Compared with the fourth heating mode, the refrigerant flows through the first valve device 22 in the throttling state and is divided into two paths: one path flows through the first stop valve 25 and returns to the compressor 1; the other path sequentially flows through the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second valve device 24, and the first heat exchange part 41 and returns to the compressor 1, and obtains heat from the motor through the third heat exchanger 4. In some other embodiments, when the motor has no waste heat but the battery has waste heat, the multi-way device 7 can be switched to the first working state, the first pump 9 is turned on, and heat is obtained from the battery through the third heat exchanger 4.

[0057] When there is no thermal management demand in the passenger cabin and the battery has a heating demand, the thermal management system operates in a battery heating mode, referring to Figure 8 , the compressor 1 is turned off, the second pump 8 is turned off, the multi-way device 7 is in a second working state, and the heating device 108 is turned on for heating the cooling liquid. The outlet of the first pump 9, the heating device 108, the battery heat exchanger device 105, and the inlet of the first pump 9 are sequentially communicated.

[0058] When the ambient temperature is low and the humidity is high, the windshield is prone to fogging, which has a safety hazard, and the passenger cabin has a heating and dehumidifying demand, the thermal management system can operate in a heating and dehumidifying mode. Referring to Figure 9 , the connection state of the thermal management system is basically similar to that of the mode of only passenger cabin refrigeration, the difference is that the damper of the air conditioning box 100 is turned on, the first heat exchanger 101 releases heat, one of the first valve device 22 and the fourth valve device 23 is in a throttling state, and the other is in a full-through state. The first heat exchanger 101 and the sixth heat exchanger 102 are both in heat exchange with the air in the passenger cabin. Since the first heat exchanger 101 is located on the downwind side of the sixth heat exchanger 102, the humid air first flows through the sixth heat exchanger 102, and the water in the cold air is separated out, and the air is dried. The dried air then flows through the first heat exchanger 101, and the air is heated. The heated and dried air enters the passenger cabin to achieve the effect of heating and dehumidifying.

[0059] When the heating demand of the passenger cabin is low, the first valve device 22 is in a full-on state, the fourth valve device 23 is in a throttling state, the first heat exchanger 101, the second heat exchanger 103 and the third heat exchange part 31 are used as condensers, heat is released by using the second heat exchanger 103 and the fifth heat exchanger 3, and the heat exchange effect at the first heat exchanger 101 is reduced.

[0060] When the heating demand of the passenger cabin is high, the first valve device 22 is in a throttling state, the fourth valve device 23 is in a full-on state, the first heat exchanger 101 is used as a condenser, the second heat exchanger 103, the first heat exchange part 41 and the third heat exchange part 31 are used as evaporators, heat is obtained from the atmospheric environment by using the second heat exchanger 103, and heat is obtained from the motor or the atmospheric environment by using the fifth heat exchanger 3, so as to improve the heat exchange effect at the first heat exchanger 101.

[0061] After the vehicle works in the heating mode for a period of time, the second heat exchanger 103 may have a frosting phenomenon due to a low temperature and a high humidity of the external environment. At this time, the defrosting mode needs to be run to avoid or delay the frosting of the second heat exchanger 103 or to defrost the second heat exchanger 103. However, the external environment temperature is low, and therefore the heating effect of the passenger cabin needs to be ensured. Referring to Figure 10 , the connection state of the thermal management system is basically similar to that of the third heating mode, and the difference lies in that the first valve device 22 is in a throttling state or a full-on state, and the second valve device 24 is in a throttling state. The second heat exchanger 103 is in a heat releasing state to avoid or delay the frosting of the second heat exchanger 103 or to defrost the second heat exchanger 103. The working state of the multi-way device 7 is adjusted to obtain heat from the battery, the motor or the heating device 108 through the third heat exchanger 4. In the defrosting mode, the opening degrees of the first valve device 22 and the second valve device 24 are adjusted to balance the heating effect at the first heat exchanger 101 and the defrosting effect at the second heat exchanger 103, so as to complete the defrosting process while ensuring the heating effect and improving the comfort. When the first valve device 22 and the second valve device 24 are both in a throttling state, the high-pressure pressure can be increased, so that the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1 is increased, thereby improving the heating effect.

[0062] When there is no thermal management demand of the passenger cabin and both the motor and the battery have heat dissipation demands, the thermal management system runs in a heat dissipation mode. Referring to Figure 11 , the compressor 1 is closed, the refrigerant system is not run, the first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are opened, the multi-way device 7 is in a third working state, the second interface 72 is in communication with the sixth interface 76, and the heating device 108 is closed. The outlet of the first pump 9, the heating device 108, the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 32, the fourth heat exchanger 104, the battery heat exchange device 105 and the inlet of the first pump 9 are sequentially connected. Heat is exchanged between the fourth heat exchanger 104 and the atmospheric environment, the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the cooling liquid circulates to realize the heat dissipation of the battery and the motor.

[0063] When the ambient temperature is low and there is a passenger in the vehicle, the heating mode needs to be turned on to meet the heating demand of the passenger, and when the passenger gets off the vehicle, ventilation is needed, so the heat in the passenger compartment will be wasted. Therefore, the heat storage mode can be turned on before ventilation to recover the heat in the passenger compartment and store it in the battery. When the vehicle is running again, the heat is absorbed from the battery in the heating mode, reducing the use of the heating device 108, saving electricity, and improving energy efficiency. Referring to Figure 12 , the connection state of the thermal management system is basically similar to that of the passenger compartment cooling mode, and the difference is that the multi-way device 7 is in the third working state, the second interface 72 and the sixth interface 76 are in communication, and the outlet of the first pump 9, the heating device 108, the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the fourth heat exchange part 32, the fourth heat exchanger 104, the battery heat exchange device 105, and the inlet of the first pump 9 are sequentially connected. In the fifth heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant heats the coolant, which circulates through the coolant to store heat in the battery.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the refrigerant flows through the second heat exchanger 103 and the coolant flows through the fourth heat exchanger 104, but heat exchange does not occur at the second heat exchanger 103 and the fourth heat exchanger 104, the fan device can be turned off or bypassed using a pipeline.

[0065] In some other embodiments, the battery branch A further includes an autonomous driving module heat exchange device 106 and a proportional valve 27, the sixth interface 76, another port of the battery heat exchange device 105, and another port of the proportional valve 27 are connected, one port of the proportional valve 27 and another port of the autonomous driving module heat exchange device 106 are connected, and the inlet of the first pump 9, one port of the battery heat exchange device 105, and one port of the autonomous driving module heat exchange device 106 are connected. The proportional valve 27 has a cut-off state and a proportional adjustment state, and when the proportional valve 27 is in the proportional adjustment state, the proportion of the coolant flowing through the battery heat exchange device 105 and the autonomous driving module heat exchange device 106 can be adjusted.

[0066] In the cooling mode and the heat dissipation mode, when the autonomous driving module needs to be cooled; or in the third heating mode and the defrosting mode, when the autonomous driving module has excess heat; or in the battery heating mode, when the autonomous driving module needs to be heated, the proportional valve 27 can be in the proportional adjustment state, and at least part of the coolant flows through the autonomous driving module heat exchange device 106.

[0067] In some other embodiments, the proportional valve 27 can also be a shut-off valve, which can only control whether the coolant flows through the autonomous driving module heat exchange device 106.

[0068] According to another specific embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application, as Figure 13 and Figure 14The embodiment shown is basically the same as the above embodiment, and the difference is that the refrigeration system is different. Specifically, the first stop valve 25 is replaced by the fifth valve device 28, the position of the first valve device 22 in the system is different, and the third stop valve 29 is added. The connection state of the thermal management system of the embodiment under various working conditions is basically the same as that of the above specific embodiment. The differences are illustrated below, and the same parts are referred to the related description of the above embodiment.

[0069] The difference of the refrigerant system is that the other port of the first heat exchanger 101, one port of the first valve device 22 and one port of the fifth valve device 28 are connected, and the other port of the first valve device 22 is connected with one port of the third heat exchange part 31. The other port of the fifth valve device 28, the other port of the sixth heat exchanger 102, the other port of the third heat exchange part 31 and one port of the third stop valve 29 are connected, and the other port of the third stop valve 29, the other port of the second stop valve 26 and the inlet of the compressor 1 are connected.

[0070] The fifth valve device 28 has a stop state, a throttling state, a full-through state and a flow regulating state, and its working principle is the same as that of the first valve device 22, which can be referred to the above description. The third stop valve 29 has a full-through state and a stop state. When the third stop valve 29 is in the full-through state, the pipelines on both sides of the third stop valve 29 are connected; when the third stop valve 29 is in the stop state, the pipelines on both sides of the third stop valve 29 are not connected. In the last embodiment, the first stop valve 25 needs to be in the working condition of the stop state, and the fifth valve device 28 of the embodiment is in the stop state. Under any working condition of the last embodiment, the third stop valve 29 of the embodiment is in the full-through state.

[0071] Due to the change of the position of the first valve device 22 and the replacement of the first stop valve 25 by the fifth valve device 28, the heating mode of the embodiment is different from that of the last embodiment. Specifically, the first heating mode, the second heating mode and the third heating mode of the embodiment are the same as the system connection of the last embodiment, and the fourth heating mode and the fifth heating mode of the last embodiment cannot be realized by the embodiment, but the thermal management system of the embodiment has the sixth heating mode, the seventh heating mode and the eighth heating mode.

[0072] The thermal management system runs the sixth heating mode, which is described with reference to the above embodiment. Figure 13When compressor 1 is turned on, at least one of the third valve device 21 and the fifth valve device 28 is in a throttling state, the first valve device 22, the second valve device 24, the fourth valve device 23 and the second shut-off valve 26 are in a shut-off state, the third shut-off valve 29 is in a fully open state, and the first pump 9 and the second pump 8 are closed. The outlet of compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the fifth valve device 28, the third shut-off valve 29, and the inlet of compressor 1 are sequentially connected. The work done by compressor 1 raises the temperature of the refrigerant, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the air conditioning unit 100 through the first heat exchanger 101 to achieve heating of the passenger compartment.

[0073] The thermal management system operates in the seventh heating mode, refer to Figure 13 The connection status of the thermal management system is basically similar to that of the sixth heating mode, with the following differences: the first valve device 22 is in a throttling state, a full-open state, or a flow regulation state; the fifth valve device 28 is in a throttling state, a full-open state, or a flow regulation state; at least one of the third valve device 21 and the first valve device 22 is in a throttling state; at least one of the third valve device 21 and the fifth valve device 28 is in a throttling state; the second valve device 24 is in a full-open state; the second pump 8 is turned on; the multi-port device 7 is in the second working state; and the third interface 73 is connected to the fourth interface 74. The outlet of compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the fifth valve device 28, the third shut-off valve 29, and the inlet of compressor 1 are connected in sequence. The outlet of compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange section 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second valve device 24, the first heat exchange section 41, the third shut-off valve 29, and the inlet of compressor 1 are connected in sequence. The outlet of the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the second heat exchange section 42, and the inlet of the second pump 8 are connected in sequence. After the refrigerant flows out of the first heat exchanger 101, it is divided into two paths: one path flows through the fifth valve device 28 and returns to the compressor 1; the other path flows through the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange section 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second valve device 24, and the first heat exchange section 41 in sequence and returns to the compressor 1, where it obtains heat from the motor through the third heat exchanger 4.

[0074] It is understandable that when the third valve device 21 is in the fully open state, both the first valve device 22 and the fifth valve device 28 are in a throttling state; when the third valve device 21 is in a throttling state, the first valve device 22 can be in a throttling state, a fully open state, or a flow regulating state, and the fifth valve device 28 can be in a throttling state, a fully open state, or a flow regulating state. By adjusting the opening degree of the first valve device 22 and the fifth valve device 28, the refrigerant flow ratio of the two branches can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the heat exchange effect.

[0075] The thermal management system operates in the eighth heating mode, refer to Figure 14, the connection state of the heat management system is similar to the connection state of the first heating mode, the difference is that the fifth valve device 28 is in a throttling state, the second valve device 24 is in a full-through state, the third shut-off valve 29 is in a shut-off state, the second pump 8 is turned on, the multi-way device 7 is in a second working state, and the third interface 73 and the fourth interface 74 are in communication. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the fifth valve device 28, the first heat exchange part 41, the second valve device 24, the second shut-off valve 26, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the compressor 1, the third valve device 21, the first heat exchanger 101, the first valve device 22, the third heat exchange part 31, the second heat exchanger 103, the second shut-off valve 26, and the inlet of the compressor 1 are sequentially communicated. The outlet of the second pump 8, the motor heat exchange device 107, the second heat exchange part 42, and the inlet of the second pump 8 are sequentially communicated. The refrigerant flows out of the first heat exchanger 101 and is divided into two paths: one path flows through the fifth valve device 28 in a throttling state, then flows into the first heat exchange part 41, and then returns to the compressor 1 to obtain heat from the motor through the third heat exchanger 4; the other path flows through the first valve device 22 in a throttling state, then flows through the third heat exchange part 31 and the second heat exchanger 103 in sequence, and then returns to the compressor 1 to obtain heat from the atmosphere through the second heat exchanger 103.

[0076] The "connection" between two components in the present application can be direct connection or connection through a pipeline. The two components can only have a pipeline therebetween, or a valve or other component can be provided therebetween in addition to the pipeline. Similarly, the "communication" between two components in the present application can be direct communication or communication through a pipeline. The two components can only have a pipeline therebetween, or a valve or other component can be provided therebetween for communication.

[0077] The present application also provides a control method of a heat management system. The control method in the present application is applied to the heat management system of the above-mentioned embodiments. The heat management system further comprises a control system 200, which is used for controlling the working state of the refrigerant system and the working state of the cooling liquid system.

[0078] Reference Figure 1The control system 200 comprises a controller and a plurality of sensors, which are used to obtain the working information of the first heat exchanger 101, the second heat exchanger 103, the third heat exchanger 4, the fourth heat exchanger 104, the fifth heat exchanger 3, the sixth heat exchanger 102, the seventh heat exchanger 5, the motor and the battery. Optionally, the working information comprises temperature and pressure. The controller is electrically connected with the compressor 1, the fan in the air conditioner box 100, the fan device at the air inlet grille, a plurality of stop valves, a plurality of proportional valves 27, a plurality of valve devices, a plurality of pumps, a plurality of multi-way devices 7 and a plurality of sensors. The controller is used to obtain the working information obtained by the sensors. The controller is used to adjust the working state of the components of the thermal management system, and the adjustment of the working state comprises at least one of starting the component, stopping the component, speed adjustment, opening degree adjustment and power adjustment. The controller is used to execute the control method of the thermal management system.

[0079] The control method of the thermal management system comprises:

[0080] obtaining the demand of the passenger and the working information obtained by the sensors;

[0081] According to the demand of the passenger and the working information obtained by the sensors, the controller adjusts the working state of each component in the thermal management system, so that the thermal management system executes a suitable air conditioning operation mode, thereby realizing the thermal management of the passenger cabin, the motor and the battery.

[0082] The thermal management system further comprises an interactive device, and the controller is electrically connected with the interactive device. The controller can obtain the demand of the passenger, such as the target temperature or the operation mode of the passenger, through the interactive device. Optionally, the interactive device can be the control panel of the electric vehicle. The air conditioning operation mode is the working mode of the thermal management system, and the connection state of the thermal management system in the working mode can refer to the foregoing description, which will not be described here.

[0083] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Although the preferred embodiment of the present application has been disclosed as above, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, and the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and modifications are obtained. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a first valve assembly, a second valve assembly, and an air conditioning unit. The first heat exchanger is located inside the air conditioning unit, the second heat exchanger is located outside the air conditioning unit, and the third heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section that are isolated from each other. The thermal management system includes a refrigerant system and a coolant system that are isolated from each other. The refrigerant system includes the first heat exchange section, and the coolant system includes the second heat exchange section. The thermal management system has a defrosting mode. In the defrosting mode, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the second heat exchanger, the second valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange section exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange section. The first valve device is in a fully open state or a throttling state. The second valve device is in a throttling state. The second heat exchanger is in a heat release state. Along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger. The second valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the first heat exchange section. The coolant system includes a second pump, a fourth heat exchanger, and a fifth heat exchanger. The fourth heat exchanger is located outside the air conditioning unit. The fifth heat exchanger includes a third heat exchange section and a fourth heat exchange section that are isolated from each other. The refrigerant system includes the third heat exchange section, and the coolant system includes the fourth heat exchange section. The coolant system includes a battery branch, a motor branch, and a cooling branch. The battery branch includes a first pump, a heating device, and a battery heat exchange device. The motor branch includes a motor heat exchange device, a bypass pipe, a second pump, the fourth heat exchange section, and the fourth heat exchanger. The cooling branch includes the second heat exchange section. The coolant system includes a multi-port device, which includes a first interface, a second interface, a third interface, a fourth interface, a fifth interface, a sixth interface, a seventh interface, an eighth interface, and a ninth interface, with the seventh interface connected to the eighth interface; the cooling branch has two ports, which are respectively connected to the first interface and the ninth interface; the battery branch has two ports, which are respectively connected to the fifth interface and the sixth interface; the motor branch has three ports, which are respectively connected to the second interface, the third interface, and the fourth interface. The thermal management system includes a third valve device and a fifth valve device, and the thermal management system has several heating modes; In one heating mode, the compressor, the third valve device, the first heat exchanger, and the fifth valve device are connected in series. Along the refrigerant flow direction, the third valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the first heat exchanger. There is no heat exchanger between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the third valve device. The fifth valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the compressor. The fifth valve device and / or the third valve device are in a throttling state. In another heating mode, the compressor, the third valve device, the first heat exchanger, and the fifth valve device are connected. The compressor, the third valve device, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange section exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange section. Along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the third valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the first heat exchanger. There is no heat exchanger between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the third valve device. The outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first valve device and the inlet of the fifth valve device. The outlet of the first valve device is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchange section. The outlet of the first heat exchange section and the outlet of the fifth valve device are connected to the inlet of the compressor. At least one of the first valve device and the third valve device is in a throttling state. At least one of the fifth valve device and the third valve device is in a throttling state. In another heating mode, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the fifth valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected, and the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, and the second heat exchanger are connected. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange section exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange section. Along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the fifth valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the first heat exchange section. The fifth valve device and the first valve device are in a throttling state.

2. A thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant system includes a first pump, a heating device, and a battery heat exchange device; In the defrosting mode, the first pump and the second heat exchange section are connected to the battery heat exchange device, or the first pump and the second heat exchange section are connected to the heating device, which is used to heat the coolant.

3. A thermal management system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal management system has a rapid battery cooling mode. In this mode, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the third heat exchange section, the second valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected. The first pump, the second heat exchange section, and the battery heat exchange device are connected. The second pump, the fourth heat exchange section, and the fourth heat exchanger are connected. The refrigerant in the first heat exchange section cools the coolant in the second heat exchange section, and the refrigerant in the third heat exchange section heats the coolant in the fourth heat exchange section. The first valve device is in a fully open or throttling state, and the second valve device is in a throttling state. Along the refrigerant flow direction, the first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the third heat exchange section, and the second valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the third heat exchange section and the inlet of the first heat exchange section.

4. A thermal management system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the rapid heat dissipation mode of the battery, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the third heat exchange section, the second heat exchanger, the second valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected together. Along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the second heat exchanger is connected in series between the outlet of the third heat exchange section and the inlet of the second valve device, and the second heat exchanger is in a heat release state.

5. A thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a third valve device and has several heating modes. In a heating mode, the compressor, the third valve device, the first heat exchanger, and the first valve device are connected in series along the refrigerant flow direction. The third valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the first heat exchanger. There is no heat exchanger between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the third valve device. The first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the compressor. The first valve device and / or the third valve device are in a throttling state. or, In another heating mode, the compressor, the third valve device, the first heat exchanger, and the first valve device are connected. The compressor, the third valve device, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected. Along the refrigerant flow direction, the third valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the first heat exchanger. There is no heat exchanger between the outlet of the compressor and the inlet of the third valve device. The outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first valve device. The outlet of the first valve device is connected to both the inlet of the compressor and the inlet of the first heat exchange section. The outlet of the first heat exchange section is connected to the inlet of the compressor. The first valve device and / or the third valve device are in a throttling state.

6. A thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes a first pump, a fourth valve device, a sixth heat exchanger, and a battery heat exchange device, wherein the sixth heat exchanger is located inside the air conditioning unit; The thermal management system has a cooling mode. In the cooling mode, the compressor, the second heat exchanger, the fourth valve device, and the sixth heat exchanger are connected. Along the refrigerant flow direction, the fourth valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the sixth heat exchanger, and the fourth valve device is in a throttling state. Alternatively, the compressor, the second heat exchanger, the second valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected, as are the first pump, the second heat exchange section, and the battery heat exchange device. The second valve device is in a throttling state, and the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange section. Along the refrigerant flow direction, the second valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the first heat exchange section. The thermal management system has a heating and dehumidification mode. In this mode, the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the second heat exchanger, the fourth valve device, and the sixth heat exchanger are connected. Along the refrigerant flow direction, the first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the fourth valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the sixth heat exchanger. The first valve device is in a fully open state, the fourth valve device is in a throttling state, and the second heat exchanger is in a heat release state; or, the first valve device is in a throttling state, the fourth valve device is in a fully open state, and the second heat exchanger is in a heat absorption state.

7. A thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-pass device has at least three operating states: In the first working state, the first interface is connected to the fifth interface, the second interface or the third interface is connected to the fourth interface, and the ninth interface is connected to the sixth interface; In the second working state, the first interface is connected to the second interface or the third interface, the fourth interface is connected to the ninth interface, and the fifth interface is connected to the sixth interface; In the third working state, the second interface or the third interface is connected to the sixth interface, and the fourth interface is connected to the fifth interface.

8. A control method for a thermal management system, characterized in that, The thermal management system is the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the thermal management system includes a controller; The controller is used to execute the control method of the thermal management system. The control method of the thermal management system includes: the controller controls the thermal management system to enter a defrosting mode; the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first valve device, the second heat exchanger, the second valve device, and the first heat exchange section are connected; the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section exchanges heat with the coolant in the second heat exchange section; the first valve device is in a fully open state or a throttling state; the controller is electrically connected to the first valve device and the second valve device and adjusts the opening degree of the first valve device and the second valve device; the second valve device is in a throttling state; the second heat exchanger is in a heat release state; along the flow direction of the refrigerant, the first valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the first heat exchanger and the inlet of the second heat exchanger; and the second valve device is connected in series between the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the first heat exchange section.

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