Super-heavy prefabricated stair segment construction method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a segmented construction method for superheavy prefabricated stairs, which comprises stair deepening: due to large floor height and stair width, the entire weight of the prefabricated stair reaches more than 8 tons after processing, the entire prefabricated stair is constructed by adopting a segmented construction mode, the entire prefabricated stair is divided into two parts, and a 10mm adjusting joint is reserved between the two parts to prevent the prefabricated stair from being integrally extruded due to environmental factors; the segmented construction reduces the weight of the stair; due to high floor height and large stair width, the weight of the entire stair is large and reaches more than 7 tons, and the stair is greatly restricted in the production and installation process, the segmented construction of the stair is adopted to reduce the weight of the stair and improve the processing and production efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a segmented construction method for super-heavy prefabricated stairs. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of the construction industry and the continuous improvement of building technology, various new construction concepts are constantly being proposed. The introduction of concepts such as green construction and efficient construction has promoted the development of new building technologies such as prefabricated construction. At present, prefabricated construction methods are widely used in various projects, and prefabricated stairs, prefabricated composite boards and other prefabricated components have become important choices in housing projects. The application of prefabricated components has also extended from ordinary residential buildings to large public building projects.

[0003] In large public building projects, due to the high floor height and wide stairwell, the weight of the prefabricated stairs is generally large and the width is wide when using prefabricated stairs. Therefore, the lifting process is greatly limited by the maximum lifting weight and the turning radius of the tower crane. Therefore, the original entire prefabricated stair is divided into two parts for installation by considering the tower crane lifting weight, on-site installation operation and other influencing factors during the planning stage. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a segmented construction method for super-heavy prefabricated stairs to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a segmented construction method for super-heavy prefabricated stairs, comprising the following specific steps:

[0006] S1, stair deepening: due to the large floor height and stair width, the entire prefabricated stair weighs more than 8 tons after processing. The entire prefabricated stair is constructed by a segmented construction method, which divides the entire prefabricated stair into two parts, leaving a 10mm adjustment joint between the two parts to prevent the prefabricated stair from being squeezed due to environmental factors;

[0007] S2, component processing: after the prefabricated stair is designed, it is delivered to the prefabricated component manufacturer for production. Before production, the design drawings are checked, and the steel bar model number, component size, reserved embedded parts and concrete grade are sorted out to determine the stair steel bar blanking specification, embedded part positioning and stair mold form. After completion, it is delivered to the production workshop for batch production. The project department supervises the production process to ensure the accuracy of the stair processing size and the quality of the prefabricated stair processing;

[0008] S3, component transportation: due to the high floor height of public building projects, the single run length of prefabricated stairs is longer than that of ordinary residential projects. Due to the heavy weight, the prefabricated stair is designed in the form of a segmented stair. The stacking layers of the stair are two sides, which are separated by flexible pads to prevent damage to the finished product.

[0009] S4, precast stair installation: due to the large size of the components such as stairs, precast floor, and small cross section, it is easy to appear compression bending damage, in order to ensure that the lifting point is only vertical stress when lifting, so need to increase the lifting beam, the hole of the precast component under the lifting beam must be aligned with the hole of the tower crane, strictly prohibit the hole position to use;

[0010] S5, caulking grouting: using cement mortar to seal the hole, the stairs and the resting beam adopt the way of polyphenyl filling PE rod plugging, and the gap between the two sections of the building is filled with foaming glue.

[0011] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the precast stair are connected with the support, the inner ends of the two precast stairs are respectively provided with a connecting groove one and a corresponding connecting plate, and the connecting plate is installed in the connecting groove one through a fixed plate.

[0012] Preferably, four pin key holes are formed in the side walls of the upper and lower ends of the precast stair, lifting rings are fixedly installed on the front and back sides of the upper and lower ends of the precast stair, and limiting columns are fixedly installed on the lower sides of the upper and lower ends of the precast stair.

[0013] Preferably, threaded sleeves one are pre-buried in the side walls of the outer sides of the upper and lower ends of the precast stair, and the opening ends of the threaded sleeves one are flush with the outer end sides of the precast stair.

[0014] Preferably, a placing groove is pre-set in the upper end of the support, through holes are pre-set in the side walls of the left and right ends of the support, and a limiting hole corresponding to the limiting column is pre-set in the bottom end side wall of the placing groove.

[0015] Preferably, threaded sleeves two corresponding to the pin key holes are pre-buried in the bottom end of the placing groove, and the opening ends of the threaded sleeves two are flush with the opposite ends of the placing groove.

[0016] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the precast stair are placed in the placing groove of the support through a lifting machine, the limiting column is inserted into the limiting hole, the lower end of the pin key hole and the upper end of the threaded sleeve two are communicated, and the outer end of the threaded sleeve one and the inner end of the through hole are communicated.

[0017] Preferably, a long bolt is inserted into the through hole, and one end of the long bolt passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the threaded sleeve one.

[0018] Preferably, a bolt is inserted into the pin key hole, and one end of the bolt passes through the pin key hole and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the threaded sleeve two.

[0019] Preferably, a connecting groove two is formed in the upper end of the connecting groove one, when the precast stair is located on the support, the connecting plate is located in the connecting groove one, the connecting plate is in L shape, and meanwhile the fixed plate is fixedly installed in the connecting groove two through the bolt, one end of the fixed plate is fixedly installed with a buffer pad one, the lower end is fixedly installed with a buffer pad two, the lower end of the buffer pad two and the upper side of one end of the connecting plate are in contact, and the buffer pad one and the other end of the connecting plate are in contact.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0021] The segmented construction reduces the weight of the stairway, and since the floor height is high and the stairway width is large, the weight of the entire stairway is large, more than 7 tons, and the production and installation process is greatly restricted, and the segmented construction of the stairway is used to reduce the weight of the stairway and improve the processing and production efficiency.

[0022] When the prefabricated stairway is designed in segments, the influence of the segmented construction of the prefabricated stairway on the structure is fully considered, the cutting position is optimized, the bottom is provided with reinforcing ribs, the hoisting point position and the position of a series of embedded parts are reasonably designed to ensure the safety of the stairway structure.

[0023] The internal reinforcement is optimized to improve the utilization rate of the reinforcement, and since the width of the stairway segment of the prefabricated stairway is narrow, the horizontal force is small, and the structure is calculated in advance to reduce the amount of horizontal reinforcement.

[0024] It is helpful for the reasonable selection of the tower crane and reduces the equipment investment cost, the main transportation tool in the on-site installation process of the prefabricated stairway is the tower crane, and different types of tower cranes have certain requirements for the hoisting weight. The selection of the tower crane on site is mainly based on the tower crane operation coverage area and the weight of the main turnover material, and the segmented construction of the prefabricated stairway is helpful for reducing the requirements for the hoisting weight of the tower crane and reducing the equipment rental cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a construction method flowchart of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the prefabricated stairway of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a general structure schematic view of the prefabricated stairway installation of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a front view schematic view of the prefabricated stairway of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a back view schematic view of the prefabricated stairway of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a support structure schematic view of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structure enlarged view of area A in the present application; Figure 1

[0032] ​In the figure: 1, prefabricated stairs; 2, pin key hole; 3, connecting groove one; 4, connecting groove two; 5, connecting plate; 6, lifting ring; 7, threaded sleeve one; 8, limiting column; 9, fixed plate; 10, buffer pad one; 11, buffer pad two; 12, support; 13, placing groove; 14, through hole; 15, long bolt; 16, limiting hole; 17, threaded sleeve two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme of the present application clear, complete and the advantages more clear and apparent, the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments, only to explain the embodiments of the present application, and not for limiting the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without doing creative work, belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "side", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "a", "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] For the purpose of simplicity and illustration, the principles of the embodiments are mainly described by reference to examples. In the following description, many specific details are proposed to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it is obvious that these embodiments can not be limited to these specific details in practice for those skilled in the art. In some examples, well-known methods and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessary difficulty in understanding these embodiments. In addition, all embodiments can be used in combination with each other.

[0037] Please refer toFigures 1 to 7 The application provides a technical scheme: a super-heavy prefabricated stair sectional construction method, the upper and lower ends of a prefabricated stair 1 are connected with supports 12, the inner ends of two prefabricated stairs 1 are respectively provided with connecting grooves one 3 and corresponding connecting plates 5, the connecting plate 5 is installed in the connecting groove one 3 through a fixed plate 9, the upper end of the connecting groove one 3 is provided with a connecting groove two 4, when the prefabricated stair 1 is located on the support 12, the connecting plate 5 is located in the connecting groove one 3, the connecting plate 5 is in an L shape, and meanwhile the fixed plate 9 is fixedly installed in the connecting groove two 4 through bolts, one end of the fixed plate 9 is fixedly installed with a buffer pad one 10, the lower end is fixedly installed with a buffer pad two 11, the lower end of the buffer pad two 11 is in contact with the upper side of one end of the connecting plate 5, the buffer pad one 10 is in contact with the other end of the connecting plate 5, and the two prefabricated stairs 1 are connected together.

[0038] Four pin key holes 2 are formed in the side walls of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair 1, lifting rings 6 are fixedly installed on the front and back sides of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair 1, limiting columns 8 are fixedly installed on the lower sides of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair 1, threaded sleeves one 7 are pre-buried in the side walls of the outer sides of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair 1, and the opening ends of the threaded sleeves one 7 are flush with the outer end sides of the prefabricated stair 1.

[0039] The upper end of the support 12 is provided with a placing groove 13, through holes 14 are pre-provided in the side walls of the left and right ends of the support 12, limiting holes 16 corresponding to the limiting columns 8 are pre-provided in the bottom end side wall of the placing groove 13, threaded sleeves two 17 corresponding to the pin key holes 2 are pre-buried in the bottom end of the placing groove 13, and the opening ends of the threaded sleeves two 17 are flush with the opposite ends of the placing groove 13.

[0040] The upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair 1 are placed in the placing groove 13 of the support 12 through a lifting machine, the limiting columns 8 are inserted into the limiting holes 16, the lower end openings of the pin key holes 2 and the upper end openings of the threaded sleeves two 17 are in communication, the outer end openings of the threaded sleeves one 7 and the inner end openings of the through holes 14 are in communication, long bolts 15 are inserted into the through holes 14, one end of the long bolt 15 passes through the through hole 14 and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the threaded sleeve one 7, bolts are inserted into the pin key holes 2, and one end of the bolt passes through the pin key hole 2 and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the threaded sleeve two 17, so that the prefabricated stair 1 is fixed on the support 12.

[0041] Due to the large layer height and stair width, the entire weight of the prefabricated stair 1 after processing reaches more than 8 tons. Considering the construction difficulty, tower crane load and lifting position and other factors, the original prefabricated stair 1 drawing needs to be further designed. Through research, it is decided to adopt the segmented construction method for the entire stair. The entire prefabricated stair 1 is divided into two parts, with a 10mm adjusting joint between the two parts to prevent the stair from being squeezed due to environmental factors. The most suitable position for stair segmentation is found through design and calculation to ensure the overall stiffness of each stair segment. Through calculation, it is found that the most safe position is along the long side direction of the stair from the middle part. After determining the position, the reinforcement of each segment is re-distributed according to the overall stiffness of the stair, the length-to-thickness ratio and the load distribution in the later stage. Through calculation, the spacing of the distributed reinforcement is changed from the original 120mm to 150mm, and two edge reinforcement bars with a diameter of 14 are added to each side of the stair edge. The original lifting points are further designed. Due to the original wide prefabricated stair 1, the number and position of the original lifting points do not meet the requirements. Four lifting rings 6 are provided on each stair segment. After the prefabricated stair 1 is designed, it is delivered to the prefabricated component manufacturer for production. Before production, the steel bar model number, component size, reserved embedded part and concrete grade are sorted out to determine the stair steel bar cutting specification, embedded part positioning and stair mold form. After completion, it is delivered to the production workshop for batch production. The project department supervises the production process to ensure the accuracy of the stair processing size and the quality of the prefabricated stair 1 processing.

[0042] The prefabricated stair 1 applies component two-dimensional code technology to accurately obtain the design information, production information, quality inspection information, stair use position and production date of the stair through mobile phone identification of two-dimensional code. Due to the high height of public building projects and the longer single run length of prefabricated stairs 1 than ordinary residential projects, the prefabricated stairs 1 are designed in the form of segmented stairs due to their heavy weight. Therefore, a 13.9-meter semi-hung flatbed truck is used as the stair transport vehicle. The stacking layers of the stair are two sides, which are separated by flexible pads to prevent damage to the finished product. The transportation route is planned in advance to avoid poor road conditions and many intersections. A vehicle tracking device is also used. The device can access the project smart construction site platform to monitor the transportation vehicle route in real time.

[0043] After the stair arrives at the site, it is classified and stacked according to the use position. The stacking height does not exceed two layers with flexible pads in the middle. Due to the segmented construction of each run of the stair, the components are classified according to the component two-dimensional code information when the stair is stacked.

[0044] Because the size of the stair, the prefabricated floor and other components is large, and the section is small, the compression bending failure is easy to appear. In order to ensure that the lifting point is only vertically stressed during hoisting, the hoisting beam needs to be increased. The material of the prefabricated component hoisting beam is Q235B, and the lifting hole on the hoisting beam is a round hole with a diameter of 40 mm. The hole of the prefabricated component under the hoisting beam must be aligned with the hole of the tower crane, and the hole position is strictly prohibited to be used staggered, the steel wire rope is 6x19 steel wire rope, different diameters and nominal strengths are used according to the weight of the hoisted component, the main steel wire rope on the steel hoisting beam is 28.0, 6x19-1700; the component steel wire rope under the steel hoisting beam is 20.0, 6x19-1700 (2t < component weight ≤6t), the clasp is a kind of lifting device with simple structure and high bearing capacity, which can play a very important role in cooperation with industrialized residential engineering, and the clasp is uniformly selected as 8.0;

[0045] According to the placement state of the prefabricated stair 1 after installation, the angle between the steel wire rope and the horizontal plane is not less than 45 degrees, the control is about 60 degrees during on-site installation, the length of the upper lifting point steel wire rope is 1300 mm, and the length of the lower lifting point steel wire rope is 2000 mm. The steel wire ropes with the above lengths are connected with the stair through bolts, and after the connection is completed, the tower crane is safely, quickly and stably hoisted to the upper side of the specified location, and the tower crane and the flat beam lifting device are used for hoisting. Before hoisting, the trial hoisting is carried out to ensure the safety of hoisting, after the first section of stair reaches the installation position, the auxiliary workers carry out auxiliary installation, after the first section of stair is installed in place, the installation of the second section of stair is started, and after each section is installed, the re-checking is carried out according to the drawings to ensure the accurate positioning of the stair and the accurate construction of other professionals in the future. Finally, the cement mortar is used for hole sealing. The polyphenyl is used for filling and PE rod sealing between the stair and the supporting beam. The gap between the two sections of the building is filled with foaming glue.

[0046] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for segmented construction of a heavy-duty precast staircase, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, stair deepening: due to the large floor height and stair width, the weight of the prefabricated stair (1) after processing reaches more than 8 tons, the whole prefabricated stair (1) is constructed by segmented construction method, the whole prefabricated stair (1) is divided into two parts, and a 10mm adjusting gap is left between the two parts to prevent the whole prefabricated stair (1) from being squeezed due to environmental factors; S2, component processing: after the prefabricated stair (1) is designed, it is delivered to the prefabricated component manufacturer for production. Before production, the design drawings are checked, the steel bar model quantity, component size, reserved embedded part and concrete grade are sorted out, the stair steel bar blanking specification, embedded part positioning and stair mold form are determined; after the determination is completed, it is delivered to the production workshop for batch production. During the production process, the project department supervises to ensure the accuracy of the stair processing size and the quality of the prefabricated stair (1) processing; S3, component transportation: due to the high floor height of the public building project, the single run length of the prefabricated stair (1) is longer than that of the ordinary residential project, and the weight is heavy, so the design is in the form of segmented stair, the stacking layers of the stair are two sides, the flexible pad plate is used to separate them to prevent the finished product from being damaged; S4, prefabricated stair installation: due to the large size of the stair and prefabricated floor component, and the small cross section, it is easy to appear bending damage, in order to ensure that the lifting point only bears vertical force during lifting, it is necessary to increase the lifting beam, the hole of the lifting beam under the prefabricated component must be aligned with the hole of the tower crane, and the hole position is strictly prohibited to be used; S5, caulking and grouting: use cement mortar to seal the hole, use polyphenyl filled PE rod to seal the gap between the stair and the supporting beam, and use foaming glue to fill the gap between the two stair bodies; The upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair (1) are connected with the support (12), the inner ends of the two prefabricated stairs (1) are provided with a connecting groove one (3) and a corresponding connecting plate (5) on the upper and lower sides, and the connecting plate (5) is installed in the connecting groove one (3) through the fixing plate (9); Four pin key holes (2) are formed in the side walls of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair (1), and lifting rings (6) are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair (1), and limiting columns (8) are fixedly installed on the lower sides of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair (1); Threaded sleeves one (7) are pre-embedded in the side walls of the outer sides of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair (1), and the opening ends of the threaded sleeves one (7) are flush with the outer end sides of the prefabricated stair (1); The upper end of the support (12) is provided with a placing groove (13), the left and right end side walls of the support (12) are provided with through holes (14), and the bottom end side wall of the placing groove (13) is provided with a limiting hole (16) corresponding to the limiting column (8); The bottom end of the placing groove (13) is pre-embedded with a threaded sleeve two (17) corresponding to the pin key hole (2), and the opening end of the threaded sleeve two (17) is flush with the opposite end of the placing groove (13); The upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stair (1) are placed in the placing groove (13) of the support (12) by a crane, the limiting column (8) is inserted into the limiting hole (16), the lower end of the pin key hole (2) and the upper end of the threaded sleeve two (17) are communicated, and the outer end of the threaded sleeve one (7) and the inner end of the through hole (14) are communicated; The long bolt (15) is inserted into the through hole (14), and one end of the long bolt (15) penetrates through the through hole (14) and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the threaded sleeve one (7); The bolt is inserted into the pin key hole (2), and one end of the bolt penetrates through the pin key hole (2) and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the threaded sleeve two (17); The upper end of the connecting groove one (3) is provided with the connecting groove two (4), when the prefabricated stair (1) is located on the support (12), the connecting plate (5) is located in the connecting groove one (3), the connecting plate (5) is in an L shape, meanwhile, the fixed plate (9) is fixedly installed in the connecting groove two (4) through the bolt, one end of the fixed plate (9) is fixedly installed with the buffer pad one (10), the lower end is fixedly installed with the buffer pad two (11), the lower end of the buffer pad two (11) is in contact with the upper side of one end of the connecting plate (5), and the buffer pad one (10) is in contact with the other end of the connecting plate (5).

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