A mineral processing method combining flash flotation and spiral sluice to improve copper recovery.

Abstract

This invention discloses a mineral processing method that combines flash flotation and spiral sluice to improve copper recovery, comprising the following steps: A. Strong stirring and slurry conditioning; B. Hydrocyclone classification; C. Flotation roughing; D. Flotation scavenging I; E. Flotation scavenging II; F. Flotation scavenging III; G. Flotation column cleaning I; H. Flotation column cleaning II. For copper rough concentrate, this invention employs a "flash flotation-spiral sluice scavenging" process to separate fine copper particles, ensuring the recovery rate of the copper concentrate. Simultaneously, the flotation column cleaning ensures the grade of the copper concentrate, thereby improving the copper recovery rate and solving the problem of inefficient copper recovery in conventional flotation processes. This method combines flash flotation and spiral sluice, achieving efficient copper resource recovery. It is a green, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient mineral processing method suitable for widespread application.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a mineral processing method for improving copper recovery rate by combining flash flotation with spiral chute. BACKGROUND

[0002] Copper is a non-ferrous metal closely related to human beings, which is widely used in the fields of electrical, light industry, machinery manufacturing, building industry, etc. In the consumption of non-ferrous metal materials in China, copper ranks second only to aluminum. It can be seen that the technology for separating and extracting copper from copper ore is related to the development of various industries in China.

[0003] Copper ore is a collection of copper sulfide or oxide and other minerals. According to the composition and color of the ore, it is divided into several types such as chalcopyrite, chalcocite and bornite. Among them, chalcopyrite is mainly mined in China. Chalcopyrite ore is copper yellow, containing copper (Cu), sulfur (S), iron (Fe) and other elements. With the consumption of high-quality chalcopyrite resources in China, lean and complex copper ore has gradually become the mainstream of copper resource development. The separation and purification of lean and complex copper ore is difficult, especially the separation and purification of unevenly embedded copper ore. Because for unevenly embedded copper sulfide ore, there are a large number of fine particles and fine particles in the coarse particles, and the embedding size is extremely uneven, the content of iron and sulfur elements is high, especially the content of sulfur element is as high as 18%-24%, which leads to the increase of the difficulty of separating copper concentrate.

[0004] At present, the recovery effect of the flotation machine device on fine particle level copper ore particles is not good, so under the condition that most of the copper ore particles have small particle size, part of the fine particle copper ore enters the copper tailings, resulting in high copper tailings grade and low copper concentrate grade. And even if the middlings return operation is performed, the recovery rate is still low. At the same time, the copper ore particles are coarsely selected by the flotation machine to obtain coarse concentrate with small particle size, and then are ground and fed into the flotation column for fine selection. Since the flotation column device has great advantage in recovering fine particle level copper ore compared with the flotation machine, but the recovery effect of the flotation column device on coarse particle level copper ore particles is not ideal, a large amount of coarse particle ore particles cannot be effectively recovered in the fine selection process in the flotation column, resulting in high copper tailings grade and low recovery rate. Based on this, the present application provides a flotation column combined with spiral chute method to improve the recovery rate of copper ore and reduce the grade of copper tailings, i.e. to reduce the content of copper in copper tailings.

[0005] Most concentrators at home and abroad use cyclone for classification in the grinding and classification circuit. In the case of limited classification efficiency, the underflow of cyclone returned to the ball mill for regrinding will inevitably contain a certain amount of coarse particles that have been liberated. If these already liberated mineral particles cannot be recovered as soon as possible, it will inevitably cause overgrinding of the target mineral, affecting the selection index of the overall flotation process. In the regrinding stage (regrinding of coarse concentrate), the degree of liberation of the target mineral in the coarse concentrate is much higher than that of the feed to the first stage of grinding and classification, so the problem of overgrinding of the target mineral in the regrinding operation is more prominent. Flash flotation is a flotation process under the condition of high concentration (more than 60%) and coarse particles. The feed is the underflow of the grinding and classification circuit. Due to the low mud content, the harmful effects of fine mud on flotation are reduced, and the floatability difference between useful minerals and gangue is large. The liberated useful minerals achieve rapid flotation, while the gangue and some coarse intergrowths do not have enough time to float to the surface and become the tank bottom product, thereby achieving the separation of useful minerals and gangue. Compared with conventional flotation, it is more conducive to producing coarse high-grade concentrate. Therefore, if the underflow of the second stage cyclone, which originally enters the regrinding operation, is subjected to flash flotation, and the flotation concentrate directly enters the cleaning operation, the overgrinding of copper minerals and the load of the small ball mill can be reduced. Flash flotation is usually used to float coarse particles under the condition of high concentration (65%-75%). The material treated is mainly the underflow (underflow) of the cyclone in the grinding and classification circuit. Due to the concentration of the cyclone, most of the fine sludge is discharged through the overflow, so the underflow is high-concentration, coarse-particle slurry with less sludge. On the other hand, due to the high specific gravity of metallic minerals and the relatively high grade, it is relatively easy to enter the underflow in the classification process. This part of the target mineral is relatively easy to be captured and floated, and the useful minerals and gangue can be quickly separated to obtain high concentrate grade and high recovery rate. In addition, due to the short flotation time of flash flotation, part of the large gangue particles do not have enough time to float, thereby ensuring that the flash flotation can obtain a relatively high grade. Part of the ore can also be adjusted by adjusting the reagent system, the pH value of the slurry, the thickness of the foam layer, the air charge and the water addition to change the concentrate grade of the flash flotation. Therefore, in order to efficiently recover copper resources, it is urgent to develop a high-efficiency copper recovery beneficiation process to realize high-efficiency copper recovery. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application overcomes the problem that a large number of coarse particles cannot be effectively recovered in the flotation column after being discharged from the flotation machine, resulting in a high copper tailings grade and low recovery rate. A beneficiation method for improving copper recovery rate by combining flash flotation with spiral chute is provided.

[0007] A beneficiation method for improving copper recovery rate by combining flash flotation with spiral chute, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A, strong stirring pulp conditioning: without grinding, directly adding copper rough concentrate into stirring barrel to prepare feed pulp with concentration of 30%, and then the pulp is subjected to strong stirring pulp conditioning, and the obtained pulp is fed into hydrocyclone;

[0009] B, hydrocyclone classification: the pulp obtained in A is classified according to particle size, and the overflow is fed into a rougher flotation machine, and the sand is fed into a flash flotation;

[0010] C, rougher flotation machine: the overflow obtained in step B is fed into a flotation machine, an adjusting agent is added to adjust the pH of the pulp, an inhibitor and a collecting and frothing agent are added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly, and then rougher flotation is carried out to obtain rougher concentrate and rougher tailings;

[0011] D, flotation machine scavenging I: the rougher flotation tailings obtained in step C are stirred uniformly, and then fed into a flotation machine for scavenging to obtain first scavenging concentrate and first scavenging tailings;

[0012] E, flotation machine scavenging II: the flotation machine scavenging tailings obtained in step D are stirred uniformly, and then fed into a flotation machine for scavenging to obtain second scavenging concentrate and second scavenging tailings;

[0013] F, flotation machine scavenging III: the flotation machine scavenging tailings obtained in step E are stirred uniformly, and then fed into a flotation machine for scavenging to obtain third scavenging concentrate and final copper tailings;

[0014] G, flotation column cleaning I: the rougher flotation concentrate obtained in step C is stirred uniformly, and then fed into a flotation column for first flotation column cleaning to obtain first cleaning concentrate and first cleaning tailings;

[0015] H, flotation column cleaning II: the flotation column cleaning concentrate obtained in step G is added with an adjusting agent to adjust the pH of the pulp, an inhibitor and a collecting and frothing agent are added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly, and then fed into a flotation column for flotation column cleaning to obtain final copper concentrate and second cleaning tailings;

[0016] The spiral chute concentrate, the flotation column cleaning I tailings and the flotation machine scavenging I concentrate are fed into a flotation machine for roughing to obtain rougher concentrate and rougher tailings, and a closed loop is formed;

[0017] The flotation column cleaning II tailings are fed into the flotation column cleaning I for cleaning, and a closed loop is formed;

[0018] The flotation machine scavenging II concentrate is returned to the flotation machine scavenging I for scavenging, and a closed loop is formed;

[0019] The flotation machine scavenging III concentrate is returned to the flotation machine scavenging II for scavenging, and a closed loop is formed;

[0020] The spiral chute tailings are fed into the flotation machine scavenging III for scavenging, and a closed loop is formed;

[0021] The operation parameters of the flash flotation are as follows: the amount of sand-settling ore pulp is 2-3m 3 / min, and a YX-6 flotation machine is selected for operation, wherein the technical performance requirements of the YX-6 flash flotation machine are as follows: the effective volume is 6m 3 , the production capacity (in terms of ore pulp volume) is 0.3-4.0m 3 / min, the power of the main shaft motor is 22kW, the gas consumption is 1.0-4.0m 3 / min, the internal size of the tank is 2300 (length) x 2300 (width) x 2900 (height), the amount of lime is 0.5kg / t, Jiangtong No. 1 is 20g / t, the flash flotation concentrate enters the spiral chute for cleaning operation, and the spiral chute cleaning concentrate and the spiral chute cleaning tailings are obtained; the flash flotation tailings are subjected to regrinding, and the grinding product is fed into the hydrocyclone.

[0022] Preferably, the process conditions of the strong stirring and pulp mixing operation are as follows: the pulp concentration is 30%, the stirring and pulp mixing time is 30 minutes, and the stirring and pulp mixing intensity is 3000r / min.

[0023] Preferably, the integrated process flotation copper method involving the flotation column and the spiral chute in the method mainly uses a micro-bubble countercurrent flotation column and a spiral chute as main tools, and the main parameters include: the feeding flow, the aeration pressure, the foam thickness, the aeration flow, the tailing flow, the feeding point height and the separation medium, and different separation indexes are obtained by changing the above parameters.

[0024] Preferably, the integrated process of the flash flotation and the spiral chute is adopted, and the optimal separation is realized by adjusting the combination form, the process parameters, the reagent system and the ore supply conditions of the combined process of the flash flotation and the spiral chute, wherein the ore supply conditions include the ore concentration, the flow rate and the dispersant content.

[0025] Preferably, the flotation time of the YX-6 flash flotation machine is set to 2min, the ore feeding amount is 270t / h, the ore feeding concentration is 80%, and the selected flotation machine specification is 6m 3 .

[0026] Preferably, the reagent dosage is calculated in tons, the adjusting agent is lime, the depressant is ethyl thiourea, and the collecting and frothing agent is butyl xanthate, the uniform stirring time before feeding is 1-3min, the rough flotation time of the flotation machine is 10-12min, and the cleaning time of the flotation machine is 6-8min.

[0027] The method has the following advantages:

[0028] 1.The present application can efficiently recover valuable copper resources. For example, when using a flash flotation machine to separate copper from sand, the probability of good selection of the flotation column can be effectively increased, and the regrinding of copper can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the recovery rate of copper, reducing pollutant emissions, promoting ecological civilization construction, reducing the loss of copper resources, avoiding adverse effects such as environmental pollution and ecological balance, and having good economic, social and environmental benefits.

[0029] 2.The copper concentrate is directly prepared into the ore slurry, and the ore slurry is subjected to strong stirring and slurry preparation, so that part of the mud covering the surface of the copper is removed, the adhesion of copper and bubbles is improved, the interference is reduced, the cost is saved, and a good separation environment is provided for subsequent separation.

[0030] 3.After using the flash flotation machine, the content of 400 mesh in the ball mill is reduced from 10.6% to 6.55%, effectively reducing the overgrinding phenomenon of the ore in the grinding process. After the spiral chute treatment, the processing capacity of the mill is reduced, and the average size of the ore is reduced, avoiding the generation of copper overgrinding phenomenon.

[0031] 4.Treating copper concentrate, fully utilizing the advantages of flash flotation (ensuring concentrate grade) and spiral chute (ensuring recovery rate), strengthening copper recovery to innovate and integrate separation process, high-efficiency copper recovery can be realized.

[0032] 5.In view of the characteristics of large ball mill load and low grinding efficiency of copper concentrate, the process of "flash flotation-spiral chute scavenging" is innovatively developed for the first time. The use of flash flotation combined with spiral chute process can effectively increase the probability of good selection of the flotation column, and effectively reduce the regrinding of copper, thereby improving the recovery rate of copper. The process flow is a high-efficiency copper recovery method, which provides a new method for the development and utilization of copper resources.

[0033] 6.The present application proposes flash flotation combined with spiral chute, and uses separation equipment to change the separation process, which can fully utilize the advantages of flash flotation such as fast grade improvement, large concentration ratio, high separation precision, short process, strong adaptability of spiral chute to minerals, good selectivity, high operation efficiency and low production cost, thereby improving the recovery rate of copper ore, reducing the grade of copper tailings, and effectively reducing the processing capacity of copper regrinding and the overgrinding phenomenon in the grinding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a separation flow chart of the present application, which is a mineral processing method for improving copper recovery rate by combining flash flotation with spiral chute. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0036] REFERENCE Figure 1The process flow embodiment and step of the application is used for copper recovery and mineral processing operation of the second stage sand setting in Dabaoshan concentrator. The second stage sand setting in Dabaoshan concentrator has good copper selectivity, current rich state and particle size characteristics, and can realize the industrial experimental condition of the second stage sand setting copper selection. The product after the selection enters the flotation column, which does not affect the recovery rate and copper concentrate grade of copper, and finally realizes the early recovery process of copper, improves the recovery rate of copper, makes the easy-to-select minerals not enter the small ball mill, reduces the over-grinding of copper minerals and the load of the small ball mill. After one month of debugging and analysis, the process flow reduces the amount of minerals entering the regrinder, reduces the load of the regrinder by about 5%, and at the same time, the flash flotation improves the copper recovery rate by 0.70%, and reduces the fluctuation range of the recovery rate.

[0037] The key indicators before and after using the process flow are compared, and the advantages of the flash flotation machine in the copper-sulfur separation process of Dabaoshan concentrator are as follows:

[0038] 1) The average copper content in the sand setting is 18.32 g / t, and the average copper content in the sand setting after using is 9.48 g / t, which shows that the flash flotation can effectively reduce the regrinding of copper in the effective flotation classification system, which is beneficial to reduce the processing capacity of the mill and improve the recovery effect of copper.

[0039] 2) The operation recovery rate of the flash flotation machine is about 25%, and the recovery rate of the flash flotation machine for the copper selection in the sand setting is 38.53% and 47.00% in the-325 to +400 mesh and-400 mesh intervals, which is obviously much higher than the recovery rate of other coarse particles, so the flash flotation machine can effectively increase the probability of good selection particle size in the flotation column when selecting copper in the sand setting, thereby improving the recovery rate of copper.

[0040] 3) After using the flash flotation machine, the-400 mesh content entering the ball mill decreases from 10.6% to 6.55%, which can reduce the over-grinding probability of the ball mill in the grinding process. At the same time, the-400 mesh copper content is generally high, and after passing through the spiral chute, the average of this particle size composition decreases, which avoids the generation of copper over-grinding phenomenon, thereby improving the recovery rate of copper.

[0041] The above-described embodiments only express the preferred embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and specifically, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent of the application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the application, a number of modifications, improvements and substitutions can be made, which are within the protection scope of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mineral processing method for improving copper recovery by combining flash flotation with a spiral chute, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: A. strong stirring pulp conditioning: without grinding, directly adding copper rough concentrate into the stirring barrel to prepare a feed pulp with a concentration of 30%, and then performing strong stirring pulp conditioning on the pulp to obtain a pulp for feeding into a hydrocyclone; B. hydrocyclone classification: classifying the pulp obtained in A according to particle size, with overflow entering a rough flotation machine and sand entering a flash flotation; C. rough flotation machine selection: feeding the overflow obtained in step B into a flotation machine, adding an adjusting agent to adjust the pH of the pulp, adding an inhibitor and a collecting and frothing agent, stirring uniformly, and performing rough selection to obtain rough selection concentrate and rough selection tailings; D. flotation machine scavenging I: uniformly stirring the rough flotation machine tailings obtained in step C, feeding them into a flotation machine for scavenging, and obtaining first-time scavenging concentrate and first-time scavenging tailings; E. flotation machine scavenging II: uniformly stirring the flotation machine first-time scavenging tailings obtained in step D, feeding them into a flotation machine for scavenging, and obtaining second-time scavenging concentrate and second-time scavenging tailings; F. flotation machine scavenging III: uniformly stirring the flotation machine second-time scavenging tailings obtained in step E, feeding them into a flotation machine for scavenging, and obtaining third-time scavenging concentrate and final copper tailings; G. flotation column selection I: uniformly stirring the rough flotation machine selection concentrate obtained in step C, feeding it into a flotation column for first-time flotation column selection, and obtaining first-time selection concentrate and first-time selection tailings; H. flotation column selection II: adding an adjusting agent to adjust the pH of the pulp, adding an inhibitor and a collecting and frothing agent, uniformly stirring the flotation machine selection concentrate obtained in step G, feeding it into a flotation column for flotation column selection, and obtaining final copper concentrate and second-time selection tailings; feeding the spiral chute concentrate, the flotation column selection I tailings and the flotation machine scavenging I concentrate into a flotation machine for rough selection to obtain rough selection concentrate and rough selection tailings, and forming a closed loop; feeding the flotation column selection II tailings into the flotation column selection I for selection, and forming a closed loop; returning the flotation machine scavenging II concentrate to the flotation machine scavenging I for scavenging, and forming a closed loop; returning the flotation machine scavenging III concentrate to the flotation machine scavenging II for scavenging, and forming a closed loop; feeding the spiral chute tailings into the flotation machine scavenging III for scavenging, and forming a closed loop; The operation parameters of the flash flotation are as follows: the amount of sand-settled ore pulp is 2-3 m 3 / min, a YX-6 flotation machine is selected for operation, wherein the technical performance requirements of the YX-6 flash flotation machine are as follows: the effective volume is 6 m 3 , the production capacity is 0.3-4.0 m 3 / min, the power of the main shaft motor is 22 kW, the gas consumption is 1.0-4.0 m 3 / min, the internal size of the tank body is 2300 mm in length, 2300 mm in width and 2900 mm in height, the lime consumption is 0.5 kg / t, Jiangtong No. 1 is 20 g / t, the flash flotation concentrate is subjected to spiral chute scavenging operation to obtain spiral chute scavenging concentrate and spiral chute scavenging tailings; the flash flotation tailings are subjected to regrinding, and the grinding product is fed into a hydrocyclone; The dosages of the agents are calculated in tons, the adjusting agent is lime, the inhibitor is ethyl thiourea, and the collecting and frothing agent is butyl xanthate. The time for stirring uniformly before feeding is 1-3 min, the rough selection in the flotation machine is 10-12 min, and the scavenging in the flotation machine is 6-8 min. The process conditions for the strong stirring pulp conditioning operation are as follows: pulp concentration 30%, stirring pulp conditioning time 30 min, and stirring pulp conditioning intensity 3000 r / min. The flotation column and spiral chute integrated process for copper flotation involved in the method mainly uses a micro-bubble countercurrent flotation column and a spiral chute as main tools, and the main parameters include feed flow, air charging pressure, foam thickness, air charging flow, tailings flow, feed point height and separation medium. Different separation indexes can be obtained by changing the above parameters.

2. The mineral processing method of claim 1, wherein the mineral processing method is characterized by, The process is integrated with flash flotation and spiral chute, and the optimal separation is realized by adjusting the combination form, process parameters, reagent system and ore supply conditions of the combined process of flash flotation and spiral chute, wherein the ore supply conditions include feed concentration, flow rate and dispersant content.

3. The mineral processing method of claim 1, wherein the mineral processing method is characterized by, The set flotation time of YX-6 flash flotation machine is 2 min, the feed quantity is 270 t / h, the feed concentration is 80%, and the selected flotation machine size is 6 m 3 .

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