Wave energy power generation device based on air pressure float

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of power generation equipment, and particularly relates to a wave energy power generation device based on an air pressure float. The wave energy power generation device comprises an air pressure float, a heaving plate, a pipeline, and at least one vortex power generation unit. The device converts the potential energy of waves into compressed air in the air cavity inside the air pressure float, drives the central impeller of the vortex power generation unit to rotate in one direction by using the air flow generated by the compressed air, and further generates electric energy. The air pressure float is a sleeve-shaped shell, and the shell comprises an inner cavity channel that penetrates from top to bottom. The heaving plate is fixedly suspended below the air pressure float through a first connecting rod. The pipeline is inserted at the upper opening of the inner cavity channel of the air pressure float, and the vortex power generation unit is located inside the pipeline. The vortex power generation unit comprises an impact turbine mechanism, and a friction power generation assembly and an electromagnetic power generation assembly loaded on the impact turbine mechanism. The present application can overcome the problems of low energy capture efficiency, difficult capture, and high cost of conventional power generation devices for wave energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of power generation equipment, and particularly relates to a wave energy power generation device based on an air pressure float. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ocean energy is a new type of clean energy widely distributed in the marine environment, including tidal current energy, wave energy, ocean current energy and the like. Ocean energy has the characteristics of abundant reserves, wide distribution, high energy density and stable output. With the deepening of the concept of environmental protection, how to capture this emerging blue energy has become a research hotspot.

[0003] Most of the existing ocean energy capture still adopts electromagnetic generators (EMG), which use waves or ocean currents to drive impellers to rotate, and the impellers drive the electromagnetic generators to operate to generate electric energy. However, the traditional electromagnetic generator is composed of large and heavy magnets, metal coils and turbines, which are difficult to naturally float on the water surface and need to be supported by a floating platform or fixed to the seabed. These supporting mechanisms are often costly and difficult to implement, and have poor practicality and feasibility. In addition, the coils and magnets in the battery generator are easily corroded by seawater, and the energy conversion efficiency of the turbine under low-frequency driving of sea waves is very low. These challenges make most of the current sea wave energy collection devices have the defects of low energy collection efficiency and high cost.

[0004] The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a new type of power generation equipment, which is more suitable for irregular and random mechanical motion than the electromagnetic generator, and is therefore very suitable for collecting water wave energy. Most importantly, the triboelectric nanogenerator has a high energy conversion efficiency at low frequency. Piezoelectric generators (PENG), electromagnetic generators, and triboelectric nanogenerators are widely used to collect wave energy. At present, various TENG devices have been designed for wave energy collection, and small TENG units are used for larger range of low-frequency ocean energy collection. However, ocean energy has various forms and is very uncontrollable, which leads to extremely unstable output of the triboelectric nanogenerator. In addition, the triboelectric nanogenerator also has the limitations of low current and high internal resistance, which hinder the further application of the triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0005] Therefore, how to design a power generation system that can better absorb and convert ocean energy is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the problem of lack of mechanical system for efficient utilization and energy conversion of ocean energy in the prior art, the application provides a wave energy power generation device based on an air pressure float.

[0007] The application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The wave energy power generation device based on air pressure floaters comprises air pressure floaters, a heaving plate, a pipeline and at least one vortex power generation unit. The wave energy power generation device floats on the water surface and converts the potential energy of waves into compressed air in the air cavity inside the air pressure floaters. The airflow generated by the compressed air drives the central impeller of the vortex power generation unit to rotate in one direction, thereby generating electric energy.

[0009] The air pressure floaters are sleeve-shaped housings comprising inner walls, outer walls and closed hollow interlayers between the inner and outer walls, which are used to generate buoyancy to make the entire device float on the water surface. The center of the housing comprises an inner cavity channel that penetrates up and down, and the top of the inner cavity channel is in the shape of a tapered platform. The two ends of the inner cavity channel are the upper and lower openings of the air pressure floaters.

[0010] The heaving plate is fixedly suspended below the air pressure floaters by a first connecting rod, and the heaving plate is arranged vertically to the inner cavity channel. The pipeline is inserted into the upper opening of the air pressure floaters and is coaxially communicated with the inner cavity channel.

[0011] The vortex power generation unit is located inside the pipeline. The vortex power generation unit comprises an impact turbine mechanism and friction and electromagnetic power generation components loaded thereon. The impact turbine mechanism comprises two mirror-symmetric stators arranged coaxially and a rotor located between the two stators, and the friction and electromagnetic power generation components are located between the stators and the rotor. The impact turbine mechanism is used to drive the rotor to rotate in one direction when the airflow in the pipeline is upward or downward. The rotation of the rotor relative to the stator drives the friction and electromagnetic power generation components to operate and generate electricity.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of stabilizing floaters are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the air pressure floaters. The stabilizing floaters comprise second connecting rods, elastic members and floating balls. One end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air pressure floaters, and the other end is fixedly connected to the elastic member. The elastic member is vertically arranged downward along the end of the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the elastic member is connected to the floating ball.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, a limiting plate is further included in each stabilizing floater, and the extending direction of the limiting plate is parallel to the second connecting rod. One end of the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air pressure floaters, and the other end comprises a sleeve ring. The floating ball is inserted into the sleeve ring at the end of the limiting plate.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, the heaving plate is a ring-shaped plate, and a plurality of first connecting rods are arranged uniformly on the circumference of the heaving plate. One end of each first connecting rod is connected to the inner side edge of the heaving plate, and the other end is connected to the top of the inner wall of the air pressure floaters.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the impulse turbine mechanism comprises two stators, a rotor, two ceramic bearings and a central shaft. The central shaft penetrates the center of the rotor and is keyed to the rotor; the outer periphery of the rotor is provided with a first impeller. The ceramic bearings are respectively embedded into the center of the stators; the two ends of the central shaft are connected to the inner rings of the ceramic bearings, so that the rotor and the stators are coaxially arranged and can rotate relative to each other. The outer periphery of the stator is provided with a second impeller; the outer diameter of the second impeller is larger than that of the first impeller.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, the impulse turbine mechanism is arranged inside the pipeline, the outer diameter of the second impeller matches the inner diameter of the pipeline, and the outer side edges of the blades of the second impeller are adhesively fixed to the inner wall of the pipeline.

[0017] And / or

[0018] The outwardly directed ends of the two stators are also respectively provided with a semi-elliptical end cap; the bottom edge of the end cap is just connected to the inner side edge of the blade of the second impeller.

[0019] And / or

[0020] A plane thrust ball bearing is further arranged between the interface of the connected stator and rotor, which is used to reduce the frictional resistance between the rotor and the stator.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present application, the friction power generation assembly comprises a first electrode and a second electrode. The number of the first electrode is two, which are respectively attached to the two sides of the rotor, and the number of the second electrode is two, which are respectively attached to the inner sides of the two stators opposite to the first electrode. The first electrode is a one-piece electrode. The first electrode is in the shape of a hub, comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, and a plurality of sector-shaped pieces arranged in a circumferential array and separated from each other between the inner ring and the outer ring. The second electrode is a split electrode, comprising an inner electrode and an outer electrode; the second electrode is similar in shape to the first electrode, wherein the sector-shaped pieces at odd positions are connected to the outer ring as the outer electrode, and the sector-shaped pieces at even positions are connected to the inner ring as the inner electrode.

[0022] The surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode close to each other are respectively provided with a first electrification layer and a second electrification layer with different electronegativities. The electrification layers on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode rub against each other when the rotor rotates, and a potential difference is generated between the inner electrode and the outer electrode, thereby realizing friction power generation.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present application, the first electrode and the second electrode are made of non-ferromagnetic metal materials or conductive non-metal materials; the first electrification layer on the surface of the first electrode is nylon; and the surfaces of the inner electrode and the outer electrode in the second electrode are respectively selected from any one or two of fluorinated isopropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present application, the electromagnetic power generation assembly comprises at least one pair of coils and at least one permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor; the coils are respectively installed in the two stators; when the number of the coils and the permanent magnets is multiple, they are arranged in a circular array on the stator and the rotor.

[0025] When the coils rotate with the rotor, the magnetic induction lines generated by the permanent magnet are cut, and a potential difference is generated at both ends of the coil, thereby realizing electromagnetic power generation.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present application, the upper opening of the pipeline is closed or sleeved with an inflatable air bag.

[0027] The technical scheme provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The wave energy power generation device provided by the present application mainly comprises a specially designed air pressure float and a vortex power generation unit. The air pressure float is partially submerged below the water surface when floating on the water surface, and can freely sink and float with the waves in the water body, thereby generating reciprocating airflow in the inner cavity channel. The vortex power generation unit is a new type of power generation unit designed by the inventor on the basis of an impact turbine, which combines electromagnetic power generation and friction nanometer power generation. The power generation unit can rotate in one direction under the impact of upward or downward airflow, thereby driving the internal electromagnetic power generation assembly and friction nanometer power generation assembly to operate and generate power.

[0029] In the present application, the potential energy contained in the wave energy is converted into impact airflow by using the newly designed air pressure float, and then the vortex power generation unit is driven to rotate in one direction and generate power. This structure can be perfectly applied to the field of wave energy power generation, and the hardware cost of the product is low. It can play a good power generation effect in high and low frequency motion and different levels of waves. It is a new type of clean energy power generation system with very good application prospect.

[0030] The present application combines TENG and EMG, and through ingenious structural design, the power generation unit is built into the impact turbine mechanism, thereby reducing the energy loss in the power generation process, greatly improving the power generation efficiency of the new wave energy device. The present application overcomes the defects of traditional generators applied to wave energy power generation, such as low power and insufficient stability; realizes the continuous and effective collection of ocean energy, and the quality of the generated electric energy is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with the embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of a wave energy power generation device based on an air pressure float provided in embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air pressure float in the embodiment 1 of the present application, in which the left side is a schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal section of the air pressure float, and the right side is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance.

[0034] Figure 3 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the turbine power generation unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0035] Figure 4 Figure 3 is an exploded view of the turbine power generation unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the first electrode in the turbine power generation unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0037] Figure 6 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the second electrode in the turbine power generation unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0038] Figure 7 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating airflow generated by the air pressure float in the embodiment 1 of the present application during the lifting and lowering process.

[0039] Figure 8 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the air pressure float-based wave power generation device provided in the embodiment 2 of the present application and comprising a stable float.

[0040] Figure 9 Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the wave power generation device in the embodiment 2 of the present application and employing a stable float comprising a limiting plate.

[0041] Figure 10 Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the wave power generation device in the embodiment 2 of the present application and capable of simultaneously installing multiple turbine power generation units.

[0042] Figure 11 Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the waterproof wave power generation device in the embodiment 2 of the present application and having an air bag installed on the top.

[0043] In the figure, the following are marked:

[0044] 1. Air pressure float; 2. Heave plate; 3. Pipe; 4. Turbine power generation unit; 5. Stable float; 6. Air bag; 11. Outer wall; 12. Inner wall; 13. Upper opening; 14. Lower opening; 41. Impact turbine mechanism; 51. Second connecting rod; 52. Elastic member; 53. Float ball; 54. Limiting plate; 100. Hollow sandwich; 200. Inner cavity passage; 410. End cap; 411. Stator; 412. Rotor; 413. Central shaft; 421. First electrode; 422. Second electrode; 423. First electrifying layer; 424. Second electrifying layer; 431. Coil; 432. Permanent magnet; 4221. Outer electrode; 4222. Inner electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and should not be used to limit the present application.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] The present embodiment provides a wave energy power generation device based on an air pressure float 1, as shown in FIG. 1, which comprises the air pressure float 1, a heaving plate 2, a pipeline 3, and at least one vortex power generation unit 4. The wave energy power generation device floats on the water surface, can absorb the potential energy of the waves to do work on the air in the air cavity inside the float, and further generate air flow to drive the central impeller of the vortex power generation unit 4 to rotate in one direction to generate electric energy. Figure 1

[0048] As shown in FIG. 2, the air pressure float 1 is a sleeve-shaped shell, which comprises an inner wall 12, an outer wall 11, and a closed hollow interlayer 100 between the inner and outer walls 11, which is used to generate the buoyancy that makes the entire device float on the water surface. The center of the shell comprises an inner cavity passage 200 that penetrates up and down, and the top of the inner cavity passage 200 is in the shape of a tapered platform. The two ends of the inner cavity passage 200 are the upper opening 13 and the lower opening 14 of the air pressure float 1. The present embodiment does not limit the shape of the air pressure float 1, but in a more optimized scheme, in order to ensure that the entire air pressure float 1 can stably float on the water surface without tipping over, the air pressure float 1 can adopt a relatively thick barrel shape, and in order to achieve the shape of the top of the inner cavity passage 200 gradually shrinking, the top of the air pressure float 1 can also include a circular truncated cone structure. In other schemes, the air pressure float 1 can also adopt other shapes, as long as it contains the required inner cavity passage 200 and can stably float above the water surface. In the most optimized scheme, the structure of the entire wave energy power generation device containing the air pressure float 1 is a rotationally symmetric spatial body with the vertical direction as the rotation axis. Figure 2

[0049] ​​The heaving plate 2 is fixedly suspended below the air pressure float 1 by the first connecting rods, and the heaving plate 2 is arranged perpendicularly to the inner cavity passage 200. In the embodiment, the heaving plate 2 is a ring-shaped plate; the number of the first connecting rods is multiple, and the first connecting rods are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction of the heaving plate 2. One end of each first connecting rod is connected to the inner side edge of the heaving plate 2, and the other end is connected to the top of the inner wall 12 of the air pressure float 1. The heaving plate 2 mainly includes two points in the embodiment, one is to serve as the bottom counterweight of the entire wave power generation device, to lower the gravity center position of the device, and to ensure that the entire device can maintain a straight-up form on the water surface without tilting. The other is to increase the contact area of the device with the water body, to enhance the absorption effect of the device on wave energy, and to enable the device to float up and dive with the waves. In the embodiment, the first connecting rods are used to suspend the entire ring-shaped heaving plate 2 below the air pressure float 1, to ensure that the lower opening 14 of the inner cavity passage 200 in the air pressure float 1 is open. In other embodiments, the heaving plate 2 can also be designed as multiple split plate pieces and installed below the air pressure float 1. The structural design of the heaving plate 2 has a certain degree of influence on the power generation efficiency of the final wave power generation device, and the optimal structure of the heaving plate 2 can be improved in combination with tests, and the structural form of the heaving plate 2 in the embodiment is not limited.

[0050] The pipeline 3 in the embodiment is inserted at the upper opening 13 of the air pressure float 1 and coaxially communicates with the inner cavity passage 200. As shown in Figure 3 The vortex power generation unit 4 is located inside the pipeline 3, and multiple vortex power generation units 4 can be arranged in the same pipeline 3 along the extension direction of the pipeline 3. Each vortex power generation unit 4 includes an impact turbine mechanism 41 and friction power generation components and electromagnetic power generation components loaded thereon. The pipeline 3 serves as a mounting carrier of the vortex power generation unit 4, and also has the function of wind gathering, and together with the vortex power generation unit 4 forms an airflow channel structure that can drive the vortex power generation unit 4 to rotate.

[0051] The impact turbine mechanism 41 includes two mirror-symmetric stators 411 arranged coaxially and a rotor 412 located between the two stators 411, and the friction power generation components and the electromagnetic power generation components are located between the stators 411 and the rotor 412. The impact turbine mechanism 41 is used to drive the rotor 412 to rotate unidirectionally when an airflow in the pipeline 3 is upward or downward. The rotor 412 drives the friction power generation components and the electromagnetic power generation components to operate and generate electricity when the rotor 412 rotates relative to the stators 411.

[0052] Specifically, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the impulse turbine mechanism 41 comprises two stators 411, one rotor 412, two ceramic bearings and one central shaft 413. The central shaft 413 penetrates the center of the rotor 412 and is keyed connected with the rotor 412; the outer periphery of the rotor 412 is provided with a first impeller. The ceramic bearings are respectively embedded into the center of the stators 411; the two ends of the central shaft 413 are connected to the inner rings of the ceramic bearings, so that the rotor 412 and the stators 411 are coaxially arranged and can rotate relative to each other. The outer periphery of the stator 411 is provided with a second impeller; the outer diameter of the second impeller is larger than that of the first impeller. In the scheme of the embodiment, the impulse turbine mechanism 41 is sleeved inside the pipeline 3, the outer diameter of the second impeller matches the inner diameter of the pipeline 3, and the outer side edges of the blades of the second impeller are adhesively fixed to the inner wall 12 of the pipeline 3.

[0053] As shown, the impulse turbine mechanism 41 is a special turbine. The second impellers on the stators 411 on both sides of the turbine can adjust the flow direction of the gas flow entering the internal chamber, the first impeller on the rotor 412 is rotated by the impact of the gas flow entering between the two stators 411, and the mirror image arrangement of the impellers on the two stators 411 can make the gas flow only drive the middle rotor 412 to rotate in one direction regardless of which end the gas enters the pipeline 3, and the rotor 412 will not reverse rotation. Figure 4

[0054] In addition, in the embodiment, the outward end of each of the two stators 411 is further sleeved with a semi-elliptical end cap 410; the bottom edge of the end cap 410 is just connected with the inner side edge of the blade of the second impeller. The end cap 410 functions to guide the gas flow between the blades of the second impeller and into the chamber between the two stators 411. The end cap 410 can effectively reduce the obstruction to the wind speed and maximize the utilization of the potential energy of the gas flow passing through the pipeline 3.

[0055] In the impulse turbine mechanism 41 of the embodiment, a plane thrust ball bearing is further arranged between the interface of the connected stator 411 and rotor 412, which is used to reduce the friction resistance between the rotor 412 and the stator 411, improve the rotation speed of the impulse turbine mechanism 41 under the same wind force condition, and further enhance the power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device.

[0056] In the embodiment, the friction power generation assembly comprises a first electrode 421 and a second electrode 422. As shown, the number of the first electrode 421 is two, which are respectively attached to the two sides of the rotor 412, and the number of the second electrode 422 is two, which are respectively attached to the inner sides of the two stators 411 opposite to the first electrode 421. Figure 4 Figure 5 ​​As shown, the first electrode 421 is a one-piece electrode. The first electrode 421 is in the shape of a hub, including an inner ring, an outer ring, and a plurality of fan-shaped pieces arranged in a circumferential array between the inner ring and the outer ring and separated from each other. As shown in the figure, the fan-shaped pieces are arranged in an alternating manner, i.e., the odd-numbered fan-shaped pieces are connected to the outer ring as the outer electrode 4211, and the even-numbered fan-shaped pieces are connected to the inner ring as the inner electrode 4212. Figure 6 As shown, the second electrode 422 is a split electrode, including an inner electrode 4222 and an outer electrode 4221. The second electrode 422 is similar in shape to the first electrode 421, wherein the odd-numbered fan-shaped pieces are connected to the outer ring as the outer electrode 4221, and the even-numbered fan-shaped pieces are connected to the inner ring as the inner electrode 4222.

[0057] The first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422 in the present application are made of non-ferromagnetic metal materials or conductive non-metal materials. For example, in the present embodiment, the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422 can be made of copper, aluminum, or other metal materials with high electrical conductivity, such as gold and silver. In particular, in the present embodiment, the surfaces of the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422 on the side close to each other are respectively provided with a first electrification layer 423 and a second electrification layer 424 with different electronegativities. The electrification layer is mainly distributed on the fan-shaped pieces in the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422, and the material of the electrification layer needs to be a material with good electronegativity. For example, in the present embodiment, the material covering the surface of the first electrode 421 is nylon, and the material covering the surface of the second electrode 422 is a fluorine-containing material, including fluorinated isopropylene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), etc.

[0058] In the process of assembling the electrification layer material and the electrode, the entire film of the electrification layer can be pasted on the surfaces of the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422 containing the hollow structure, and then the electrification layer film is locally cut and trimmed to remove the excess electrification layer material in the hollow part. Alternatively, the electrification layer material can be pre-cut into corresponding shapes and sizes, and then pasted onto the corresponding positions in the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422.

[0059] When the rotor 412 in the impact turbine mechanism 41 is driven to rotate by the airflow, the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422 on the surface of the rotor 412 and the stator 411 will also slide relative to each other. At this time, the electrification layers on the surfaces of the two will rub against each other as the rotor 412 rotates. After the electrification layers rub against each other, charge transfer occurs between them, and then a potential difference is generated between the inner electrode 4222 and the outer electrode 4221 in the second electrode 422, i.e., frictional power generation is achieved.

[0060] In actual application, the number of fan-shaped pieces in the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422, as well as the gap angle between adjacent fan-shaped pieces, etc. can affect the power generation efficiency of the final wave energy power generation device. These parameters can be tested during the product design process to determine the optimal parameter values.

[0061] Furthermore, the selection of charging layer materials with different electronegativity for the inner electrode 4222 and outer electrode 4221 in the first electrode 421 and the second electrode 422 will also affect the final power generation efficiency of the wave energy power generation device. The choice of material for the charging layer on each electrode surface can be finally confirmed based on the power generation efficiency data from test experiments.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic power generation component in this embodiment includes at least one pair of coils 431 and at least one permanent magnet 432, with the permanent magnet 432 embedded inside the rotor 412; the coils 431 are respectively installed in two stators 411. When there are multiple coils 431 and permanent magnets 432, they are arranged in a circular array on the stator 411 and rotor 412. For example, in this embodiment, eight permanent magnets 432 are embedded inside the rotor 412, while eight coils 431 are installed inside the stator 411. When the rotor 412 in the impact turbine mechanism 41 rotates under the drive of airflow, the permanent magnets 432 rotate with the rotor 412, and the coils 431 on the stator 411 cut the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnets 432, generating a potential difference across the coils 431, thereby realizing electromagnetic power generation.

[0063] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the coil 431 is mounted on the stator 411, while the permanent magnet 432 is mounted on the rotor 412. This assembly method is mainly to facilitate the extraction of the current generated in the coil 431. Simultaneously, with this special component assembly method, the magnetic field of the same set of permanent magnets 432 on the intermediate rotor 412 can simultaneously drive the coils 431 on both ends of the stator 411 to generate electricity. This can also significantly improve the space utilization and energy conversion efficiency of the eddy current power generation unit 4.

[0064] To make the working elements and performance advantages of the wave energy generation device provided in this embodiment more apparent, the installation and operation process of the device are described in detail below:

[0065] In the wave energy generation device provided in this embodiment, the size of the space between the inner wall 12 and the outer wall 11 of the compressed air float 1 is rigorously designed theoretically. The buoyancy generated by this space can reduce the weight of the entire wave energy generation device, thereby ensuring that the heave plate 2 in the wave energy generation device is completely submerged in water, while only a small part of the bottom of the compressed air float 1 is submerged, with the rest exposed above the water surface. In addition, by optimizing the external structure of the compressed air float 1 and lowering the center of gravity of the device, it can also be ensured that the wave energy generation device remains upright when placed in water, without tipping over.

[0066] When the wave energy generator designed in this embodiment is placed in water, the water level will submerge the bottom of the compressed air float 1, sealing the lower opening 14 of the internal cavity channel 200 in the compressed air float 1, leaving only the smaller upper opening 13 open to the air. In this state, if the water surface remains calm, the wave energy generator will also remain stationary, and will not generate electricity. However, when large waves appear on the water surface, the water will sway, and the wave energy generator will also undergo "swaying motion" with the waves. As the wave energy generator sways on the water surface, the depth to which the entire device is submerged below the water surface will continuously change, manifesting as the wave energy generator constantly submerging and surfacing.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, under the submerged conditions of the wave energy device, the inner cavity channel 200 of the compressed air float 1, from above the water surface to the middle of the upper opening 13, is equivalent to an "airbag 6" with a small open opening. When the wave energy device cycles through submersion and surfacing, the water acts as a piston, continuously compressing and expanding the gas in the "airbag 6".

[0068] Specifically, when the wave energy power generation device sinks, the volume of the "airbag 6" decreases, so the air inside is compressed and discharged from the smaller-diameter upper opening 13, generating an upward-flowing "jet" with a faster velocity. This jet enters the pipe 3, flows in from below the pipe 3 and is discharged from above the pipe 3, thereby driving the rotor 412 in the eddy current power generation unit 4 to rotate, and at the same time driving the triboelectric power generation component and the electromagnetic power generation component to operate and generate electricity.

[0069] When the wave energy generator reaches the lowest water level, it will rise again and reach the highest water level. During this ascent, the "airbag 6" expands and becomes low-pressure, allowing air to flow in from pipe 3 and through the upper opening 13 into the inner cavity 200 of the compressed air float 1. In this process, a downward airflow occurs within pipe 3. After being guided by the impeller on the stator 411 of the impact turbine mechanism 41, this airflow continues to drive the rotor 412 to rotate, thereby driving the triboelectric and electromagnetic power generation components in the eddy current power generation unit 4 to generate electricity.

[0070] Therefore, as long as there are fluctuations on the water surface, the wave energy power generation device provided in this embodiment will sink and float, and the compressed air float 1 will do work on the air, generating a reciprocating airflow in the pipe 3. The reciprocating airflow will drive the rotor 412 in the impact turbine mechanism 41 to rotate in one direction, ultimately driving the triboelectric power generation component and the electromagnetic power generation component to operate and generate electricity.

[0071] During the whole power generation process, the air pressure float 1 is equivalent to a "two-stroke internal combustion engine" that converts wave energy into reciprocating impact air flow; while the vortex power generation unit 4 can use the reciprocating impact air flow to drive the rotor 412 to rotate in one direction, and the impact turbine mechanism 41 in the vortex power generation unit 4 is equivalent to the "crankshaft connecting rod structure" in the internal combustion engine. In a typical diesel generator, the internal combustion engine converts internal energy into mechanical energy, and then connects an electromagnetic generator to generate electricity. The vortex power generation unit 4 provided in the embodiment directly integrates the friction power generation assembly and the electromagnetic power generation assembly inside, thereby realizing miniaturization and reducing the energy efficiency loss caused by the transmission mechanism. The vortex power generation unit 4 provided in the embodiment is a brand-new integrated generator that can directly convert the mechanical movement of the rotor 412 into electrical energy through two ways.

[0072] At the same time, considering that the energy conversion efficiency of electromagnetic generators and friction nanogenerators for different frequencies of movement is different, the difference in scene adaptability between the two can complement each other in the vortex power generation unit 4 provided in the embodiment, thereby enabling the power generation unit to generate electrical energy output under both small and large wave conditions. When the wave amplitude is large, the airflow in the pipeline 3 is stronger, and the rotation speed of the rotor 412 is faster, so the proportion of the electromagnetic power generation assembly in the power generation power of the vortex power generation unit 4 is larger. When the wave amplitude is small, the airflow in the pipeline 3 is weaker, and the rotation speed of the rotor 412 is slower, so the proportion of the friction power generation assembly in the power generation power of the vortex power generation unit 4 is larger.

[0073] It needs to be particularly emphasized that another very excellent feature of the vortex power generator in the embodiment is that the rotor 412 part in the vortex power generation unit 4 can always remain unidirectional rotation regardless of the airflow from the vortex power generation unit 4, and under this condition, the phase of the electrical energy generated by the power generation unit will not change too frequently, so the quality of the electrical energy emitted is higher and does not need to be processed by a complex conversion.

[0074] In addition to the overall scheme of the wave energy power generation device, the vortex power generator in the embodiment is actually a new innovative scheme proposed by the present application. The product can not only be used as a wave energy power generation device on the air pressure float 1 in the embodiment, but also can be used independently, such as being used as a basic unit of a wind power generation system or as a part of a vehicle exhaust energy recovery system, etc.

[0075] Embodiment 2

[0076] The embodiment provides a wave energy power generation device based on an air pressure float 1. The product is further optimized based on the scheme in Embodiment 1. The difference between the embodiment and the scheme in Embodiment 1 is that:

[0077] As Figure 8As shown, the air compression float 1 is circumferentially uniformly provided with a plurality of stabilizing floats 5; the stabilizing float 5 comprises a second connecting rod 51, an elastic member 52 and a float ball 53. One end of the second connecting rod 51 is fixedly connected to the outer wall 11 of the air compression float 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the elastic member 52; the elastic member 52 is vertically downwardly arranged along the end of the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the elastic member 52 is connected to the float ball 53.

[0078] The stabilizing float 5 in the embodiment is actually a small float around the air compression float 1, and the function of the stabilizing float 5 is to make the entire wave power generation device more stable when floating on the water surface. As known from the foregoing description of the principle of the wave power generation device, the wave power generation device in the embodiment mainly utilizes the heaving motion of the entire device in the vertical direction on the water surface to generate electricity, and the lateral rolling motion of the wave power generation device is utilized to a lesser extent. Therefore, the role of the stabilizing float 5 in the embodiment is to suppress the lateral rolling of the wave power generation device on the water surface, and fundamentally eliminate the risk of overturning of the wave power generation device under high wind conditions.

[0079] In combination with Figure 8 As shown, each stabilizing float 5 surrounds the central air compression float 1, each float ball 53 in the stabilizing float 5 floats on the water surface and is connected to the air compression float 1 through the elastic member 52, and the elastic member 52 here can be a spring or other part that can be compressed or stretched. When the central air compression float 1 has a tendency to overturn to the right side due to the influence of waves, the spring connected between the left float ball 53 and the air compression float 1 will be stretched and deformed, and will exert a leftward pulling force on the air compression float 1; at the same time, the spring connected between the right float ball 53 and the air compression float 1 will be compressed, and will exert a leftward pushing force on the air compression float 1. Therefore, the newly installed stabilizing float 5 in the embodiment can keep the structure of the device stable together with the heaving plate 2 structure at the bottom of the air compression float 1, so that the wave power generation device can run stably under strong wind conditions and will not overturn and fail.

[0080] In the more optimized scheme of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 Each stabilizing float 5 further comprises a limiting plate 54, and the limiting plate 54 is parallel to the extension direction of the second connecting rod 51. One end of the limiting plate 54 is fixedly connected to the outer wall 11 of the air compression float 1, and the other end comprises a sleeve ring; the float ball 53 is inserted into the sleeve ring at the end of the limiting plate 54.

[0081] In Figure 9As shown in the stable float 5 mechanism, each float is installed with a limiting plate 54. Unlike the air pressure float 1 which can be raised and submerged by changing the "draft" depth, the float ball 53 in the stable float 5 in this embodiment is a closed hollow light float ball 53. The float ball 53 generally does not dive into the water body, and the outflow receives a larger non-wind wave impact. However, the additional limiting plate 54 in this embodiment can limit the swing and deformation of the float, so that it only allows the overall to dive and float with the air pressure float 1, further improving the stability and strong wind wave resistance of the wave power generation device.

[0082] In the wave power generation device based on the air pressure float 1 provided in this embodiment and embodiment 1, as long as the air pressure float 1 at the lower part can bear within a certain range, the length of the pipeline 3 can be as long as possible, and a plurality of vortex power generation units 4 are coaxially installed therein, thereby improving the power generation power of a single device. As shown in Figure 10 As shown in the scheme of the pipeline 3 extension of the multi-vortex power generation device, the distance between the top of the pipeline 3 and the upper surface of the water body in the wave power generation device is also raised, which can also prevent the splashed water from falling into the pipeline 3, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the entire device. Of course, in order to further improve the waterproof performance of the entire device (mainly to avoid water entering above the pipeline 3, affecting the normal work of the vortex power generation unit 4), as shown in Figure 11 As shown, the upper opening 13 of the pipeline 3 can also be directly closed or sleeved with an expandable air bag 6. In this scheme, the inside of the pipeline 3 is equivalent to form a compressible air cavity. When the air pressure float 1 dives, the air flow in the inner cavity passage 200 is upward, and the air in the air cavity / air bag 6 inside the passage is compressed. When the air pressure float 1 floats up, the air in the air cavity / air bag 6 inside the passage gradually returns to normal pressure, and the air flow in the inner cavity passage 200 is downward.

[0083] The wave power generation device provided by the present application has a very wide range of applications. In the actual application process in some small and low-flow water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs, the wave power generation device in this embodiment and embodiment 1 can be directly placed in the water body and generate electricity with the wave movement. Or the device is placed inside a cofferdam to prevent the wave power generation device from drifting away. In the high-flow water bodies such as oceans and rivers, the wave power generation device in this embodiment and embodiment 1 can also be connected to the shore or other fixed base near the shore by a tether. The wave power generation device is usually deployed and installed in the form of a device cluster, and the electric energy generated by each wave power generation device can be transmitted to a centralized electric energy storage device for collection, or each wave power generation device can be configured with an independent power storage device such as a lithium battery and installed below the air pressure float 1.

[0084] In addition to the cluster deployment of the wave power generation device based on the air pressure float 1 provided by the present embodiment to generate scale power generation effect, the wave power generation device in the present embodiment can also be applied in the currently rapidly developing marine Internet of Things field to realize device self-power supply and the like.

[0085] For example, in some offshore and key sea areas, the marine and meteorological departments may deploy some beacons and marine data acquisition equipment, and many instruments or devices in these equipment need to be powered. In the traditional scheme, these devices can be installed with storage batteries to generate power for the equipment. The endurance time of the storage battery is limited, so maintenance personnel need to replace the battery regularly, which generates a large equipment maintenance cost. In order to reduce the maintenance cost, technical personnel have also installed solar power generation floats and the like devices near the related equipment, but the stability of the solar power generation equipment is insufficient when used on the sea surface. The wave power generation device in the present embodiment is very suitable for application in this scenario. As long as the water body of the sea does not remain in a stable state for a long time, the device can always generate sufficient energy capture effect. In addition, in order to further guarantee the stable power supply of the marine Internet of Things equipment, the wave power generation device in the present embodiment and the solar power generation device and the like in the conventional scheme can also be jointly deployed.

[0086] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wave energy generation device based on a compressed air buoy, characterized in that, The wave energy generation device floats upright on the water surface and absorbs wave energy to generate electricity as it moves with the water. It includes: A compressed air float is a sleeve-shaped shell comprising an inner wall, an outer wall, and a closed hollow interlayer between the inner and outer walls, the hollow interlayer being used to generate buoyancy. The center of the shell includes a through-hole channel running vertically, the top of which is shaped like a truncated platform with a gradually narrowing opening. The two ends of the through-hole channel are the upper and lower openings of the compressed air float, respectively. Multiple stabilizing floats are evenly arranged circumferentially on the compressed air float. Each stabilizing float includes a second connecting rod, an elastic element, and a float ball. One end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the compressed air float. On the outer wall of the float, the other end is fixedly connected to the elastic element; the elastic element is vertically downward along the end of the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the elastic element is connected to the float; each of the stabilizing floats also includes a limiting plate, the limiting plate being parallel to the extension direction of the second connecting rod; one end of the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pneumatic float, and the other end includes a collar; the float is inserted into the collar at the end of the limiting plate; a heave plate, which is fixedly suspended below the pneumatic float by the first connecting rod, is arranged perpendicularly to the inner cavity channel; A pipe is inserted into the upper opening of the air-pressure float and coaxially connected to the inner cavity channel; an expandable air bladder is fitted onto the upper opening of the pipe. At least one eddy current power generation unit is located inside the duct; the eddy current power generation unit includes an impulse turbine mechanism and a triboelectric power generation component and an electromagnetic power generation component loaded thereon; the impulse turbine mechanism includes two coaxially arranged mirror-symmetrical stators and a rotor located between two other stators, and the triboelectric power generation component and the electromagnetic power generation component are located between the stators and the rotor; the impulse turbine mechanism is used to drive the rotor to rotate unidirectionally when an upward or downward airflow is generated inside the duct; when the rotor rotates relative to the stators, it drives the triboelectric power generation component and the electromagnetic power generation component to operate and generate electricity; The triboelectric power generation assembly includes a first electrode and a second electrode; there are two first electrodes, which are respectively attached to both sides of the rotor, and there are two second electrodes, which are respectively attached to the inner sides of the two stators opposite to the first electrodes. The first electrode is an integral electrode; the first electrode is hub-shaped, including an inner ring, an outer ring, and fan-shaped plates arranged in a circumferential array and separated between the two; the second electrode is a split electrode, including an inner electrode and an outer electrode; the second electrode is similar in shape to the first electrode, wherein the fan-shaped plates located at odd-numbered positions are connected to the outer ring as the outer electrode, and the fan-shaped plates located at even-numbered positions are connected to the inner ring as the inner electrode; a first charging layer and a second charging layer with a difference in electronegativity are respectively provided on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode on the side closest to each other; the charging layers on the surfaces of the first electrode and the second electrode rub against each other as the rotor rotates, and a potential difference is generated between the inner electrode and the outer electrode, thereby realizing triboelectric power generation.

2. The wave energy generation device based on a compressed air buoy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heave plate is an annular plate; there are multiple first connecting rods, which are evenly arranged around the circumference of the heave plate; one end of each first connecting rod is connected to the inner edge of the heave plate, and the other end is connected to the top of the inner wall of the pneumatic float.

3. The wave energy generation device based on a compressed air buoy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The impact turbine mechanism includes two stators, one rotor, two ceramic bearings, and a central shaft; the central shaft passes through the center of the rotor and is keyed to the rotor; a first impeller is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor; the two ceramic bearings are respectively embedded in the center of the stator; the two ends of the central shaft are connected to the inner rings of the ceramic bearings so that the rotor and stator are arranged coaxially and can rotate relative to each other; a second impeller is provided on the outer periphery of the stator; the outer diameter of the second impeller is larger than that of the first impeller.

4. The wave energy generation device based on a compressed air buoy as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The impact turbine mechanism is sleeved inside the pipe, the outer diameter of the second impeller matches the inner diameter of the pipe, and the outer edge of the blade of the second impeller is bonded and fixed to the inner wall of the pipe. and / or Each of the two stators is fitted with a semi-ellipsoidal end cap at its outward-facing end; the bottom edge of the end cap is exactly in contact with the inner edge of the fan blade in the second impeller; and / or A planar thrust ball bearing is also provided between the connected stator and rotor interfaces to reduce the frictional resistance between them.

5. The wave energy generation device based on a compressed air buoy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrode and the second electrode are made of non-ferromagnetic metallic materials or conductive non-metallic materials; the first electrified layer on the surface of the first electrode is selected from nylon; the inner electrode and the outer electrode surface of the second electrode are selected from any one or two of fluorinated isopropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

6. The wave energy generation device based on a compressed air buoy as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnetic power generation component includes at least one pair of coils and at least one permanent magnet, the permanent magnet being embedded inside the rotor; the coils are respectively installed in two stators; when there are multiple coils and permanent magnets, they are arranged in a circular array on the stator and rotor. When the permanent magnet rotates with the rotor, the coil on the stator cuts the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnet and generates a potential difference at both ends of the coil, thereby realizing electromagnetic power generation.

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