An integrated casting and extrusion molding apparatus and method for metal preparation

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of metal preparation and forming, specifically relating to an integrated casting and extrusion forming apparatus and method for metal preparation. It addresses the problem that existing hot extrusion processes require pre-treatment of the billet, affecting the processing efficiency and quality of extruded parts. The apparatus includes a casting extrusion cylinder, a hot extrusion die, an extrusion assembly, and a sealing assembly. The casting extrusion cylinder has a through-hole at both ends. The hot extrusion die is located at one end of the casting extrusion cylinder and has a die hole communicating with the casting extrusion cavity. The casting extrusion cylinder has a gating port for injecting raw material into the casting extrusion cavity. The sealing assembly seals the die hole before injecting raw material into the casting extrusion cavity. The extrusion assembly pushes the raw material in the casting extrusion cavity towards the side closer to the die hole. The apparatus also includes a vacuum assembly for extracting air from the casting extrusion cavity. This application eliminates the need for pre-processing of the billet before processing the extruded parts, thus improving the processing efficiency and quality of the extruded parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of metal preparation and forming, and more specifically, relates to an integrated casting and extrusion forming apparatus and method for metal preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Compared with other plastic forming methods, hot extrusion technology has a simple process flow, a wide range of products, and can produce complex cross-section profiles that are difficult to form using many other plastic forming methods. Moreover, hot extruded parts have good surface quality, high dimensional accuracy, and excellent mechanical properties. It is commonly used for the preparation and forming of long parts with unchanged cross-sections, such as various pipes, bars, wires, and profiles.

[0003] Traditional hot extrusion is a solid metal plastic forming method, and according to the production equipment, it is mainly divided into two types: vertical extrusion and horizontal extrusion. Among them, horizontal extrusion has the advantages of unlimited extruded part length, easy die replacement, convenient feeding and discharging, easy maintenance, and the extruder and subsequent processing equipment can be arranged on the same horizontal plane, making it easy to achieve mechanization and automation.

[0004] The existing related technologies have the following problems: the billets used in the hot extrusion process are usually prepared by semi-continuous casting. The billet grain size is large and there is compositional segregation. The billet needs to be homogenized, heat-treated, peeled, preheated and other pretreatment processes before it is put into the extruder for extrusion. The operation is complicated, which affects the processing efficiency. It may also produce serious surface oxidation, coarsening of the structure after extrusion and other defects, which in turn affect the mechanical properties and surface quality of the extruded parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve the processing efficiency and quality of extruded parts, this application provides an integrated casting and extrusion molding apparatus and method for metal preparation.

[0006] The integrated casting and extrusion molding apparatus for metal preparation provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An integrated casting and extrusion molding apparatus for metal preparation includes a casting and extrusion cylinder, a hot extrusion die, an extrusion assembly, and a sealing assembly. The casting and extrusion cylinder has a casting and extrusion cavity that extends through both ends. The hot extrusion die is located at one end of the casting and extrusion cylinder and has a die hole that communicates with the casting and extrusion cavity. The casting and extrusion cylinder has a pouring port for injecting raw material into the casting and extrusion cavity. The sealing assembly is used to seal the die hole before injecting raw material into the casting and extrusion cavity. The extrusion assembly is used to push the raw material in the casting and extrusion cavity toward the side closer to the die hole. The apparatus also includes a vacuum assembly for extracting air from the casting and extrusion cavity.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, during the extrusion part processing, the sealing component seals the die hole, making the extrusion cavity a closed space. Liquid metal raw material is injected into the interior of the extrusion cavity from the pouring port. At the same time, the vacuum component extracts air from the extrusion cavity, reducing the occurrence of defects such as oxide inclusions and porosity caused by air entering the liquid metal. The extrusion component pushes and extrudes the liquid metal to form a solid billet. After the die hole is opened, the extrusion component continues to extrude the solid billet to complete the extrusion part processing. There is no need to pre-process the billet before extrusion part processing, which improves the processing efficiency and quality of extrusion parts.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the vacuum assembly includes an air extraction pipe and an air extraction pump. The air extraction pump is fixedly connected to one end of the air extraction pipe, and the other end of the air extraction pipe is connected to the extrusion cylinder and communicates with the extrusion cavity. When the air extraction pump is started, the air inside the extrusion cavity is discharged through the air extraction pipe.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, after the air pump is started, the air pump draws out the air inside the casting and extrusion chamber through the air extraction pipe and discharges the air inside the casting and extrusion chamber, reducing the defects such as oxide inclusions and porosity caused by air entering the liquid metal. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the evacuation pipe is located between the gating port and the hot extrusion die, with one end of the evacuation pipe closer to the gating port.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when liquid metal raw material is injected into the casting and extrusion cavity from the pouring port, the air extraction pipe can extract the air in the casting and extrusion cavity. After pouring is completed, the extrusion assembly pushes the liquid metal to the side closer to the hot extrusion die, and the liquid level rises. When the extrusion assembly closes the pouring port, the air extraction pipe can continue to extract the air in the casting and extrusion cavity. When the extrusion assembly continues to move and closes the air extraction pipe, the liquid metal will not enter the air extraction pipe as the extrusion assembly pushes the liquid metal. Therefore, there is no need to install a valve to close the air extraction pipe, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the device.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the extrusion assembly includes a pressure rod and a pressure pad, the pressure pad being fixedly connected to one end of the pressure rod, the pressure pad being disposed within the extrusion cavity, and the pressure pad being in contact with the inner wall of the extrusion cavity.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, in actual use, the extruder pushes the pressure rod, which in turn pushes the pressure pad to move, thereby pushing and squeezing the liquid metal in the extrusion cavity. There is a tiny gap between the pressure pad and the extrusion cavity, which allows a small amount of residual gas in the extrusion cavity to be discharged, but the liquid metal will not seep out, thus improving the quality of the extruded casting billet.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly includes a mold closing rod and a limiting block. The limiting block is fixedly connected to one end of the mold closing rod, and the mold closing rod is inserted into the mold hole when the mold hole is sealed.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting block is connected to the extruder. When pouring liquid metal and extruding casting billets, the mold closing rod is inserted into the mold hole to seal the mold hole. After the billet casting is completed, the mold closing rod is removed to open the mold hole, thereby enabling hot extrusion processing of extruded parts. This realizes the free conversion between closed and open casting and extrusion chambers, and thus realizes the switching and integration between extrusion casting process and hot extrusion process.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment, the extrusion cylinder is provided with a cooling water passage surrounding the outside of the extrusion cavity, both ends of the cooling water passage are connected to an external water source, and the extrusion cylinder is also provided with a temperature control component for controlling the operation of the cooling water passage.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the water flow in the cooling water circuit can absorb the heat in the extrusion cavity, thereby lowering the temperature of the liquid metal so that it can be quickly solidified during pressurization. Furthermore, the operation of the cooling water circuit is controlled by the temperature control component to maintain a suitable temperature in the extrusion cavity, thereby improving the processing effect when extruding the casting billet.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment, the temperature control component includes a thermocouple and a temperature controller. The thermocouple is disposed on the extrusion cylinder, the temperature controller is electrically connected to the thermocouple, and the temperature controller is connected to the cooling water circuit to control the operation of the cooling water circuit.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the thermocouple directly measures the temperature of the casting extrusion cylinder and transmits the data to the temperature controller. The temperature controller controls the operation of the cooling water circuit according to the temperature requirements during processing, realizing automatic temperature adjustment without manual control, making it more convenient to use, and maintaining a suitable processing temperature.

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment, the casting cylinder and the hot extrusion die are detachably connected.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, after the extruded parts are processed, the casting extrusion cylinder and hot extrusion die are separated, so that extruded parts of different shapes and sizes can be processed by replacing the hot extrusion die.

[0023] The casting-extrusion integrated molding method for metal preparation provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0024] An integrated casting-extrusion molding method for metal preparation includes the following steps:

[0025] S1: Use a sealing assembly to seal the die holes on the hot extrusion die;

[0026] S2: Air is extracted from the casting and extrusion chamber using a vacuum assembly;

[0027] S3: While the vacuum assembly extracts the air from the casting cavity, it injects liquid metal into the casting cavity through the pouring port.

[0028] S4: After casting is completed, the extrusion assembly pushes the liquid metal to move, the vacuum assembly continues to extract air to reduce the air in the extrusion cavity, and the extrusion assembly continues to push the liquid metal until the extrusion cavity is filled with liquid metal;

[0029] S5: The extrusion assembly applies pressure to the liquid metal, causing the liquid metal to solidify into a solid billet under pressure;

[0030] S6: Remove the blocking component, the extrusion component pushes the solid billet, the solid billet is extruded from the die hole to form an extruded part.

[0031] As a further preferred embodiment, in S3, the temperature of the liquid metal injected into the casting cavity exceeds the liquidus temperature by 50°C to 150°C.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of the liquid metal injected into the extrusion cavity exceeds the liquidus temperature, thus preventing the liquid metal from forming a solidified shell before filling the extrusion cavity, which would affect the subsequent extrusion casting of solid billets.

[0033] In summary, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] 1. During the extrusion process, the sealing component seals the die hole, making the extrusion cavity a closed space. Liquid metal raw material is injected into the extrusion cavity from the pouring port. At the same time, the vacuum component removes air from the extrusion cavity, reducing defects such as oxide inclusions and porosity caused by air entering the liquid metal. The extrusion component pushes and extrudes the liquid metal to form a solid billet. After the die hole is opened, the extrusion component continues to extrude the solid billet to complete the extrusion process. There is no need to pre-process the billet before extrusion, avoiding defects such as surface oxidation and coarsening of the structure caused by traditional billet pre-treatment processes, thus improving the processing efficiency and quality of extruded parts.

[0035] 2. When liquid metal raw material is injected into the casting and extrusion chamber from the pouring port, the air extraction pipe can extract the air in the casting and extrusion chamber. After pouring, the extrusion assembly pushes the liquid metal to the side closer to the hot extrusion die, and the liquid level rises. When the extrusion assembly closes the pouring port, the air extraction pipe can continue to extract the air in the casting and extrusion chamber. When the extrusion assembly continues to move and closes the air extraction pipe, the extrusion assembly pushes the liquid metal, and the liquid metal will not enter the air extraction pipe. Therefore, there is no need to install a valve to close the air extraction pipe, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the device.

[0036] 3. The flow of water in the cooling water circuit can absorb the heat in the casting and extrusion cavity, thereby lowering the temperature of the liquid metal so that it can be rapidly solidified during pressurization. The operation of the cooling water circuit is controlled by the temperature control component to maintain a suitable temperature in the casting and extrusion cavity. At the same time, solidification under high pressure can refine the microstructure of the extrusion casting billet and improve its processing quality.

[0037] 4. The integration of extrusion casting and hot extrusion eliminates the need for pretreatment of billets, such as homogenization heat treatment, peeling, and preheating, simplifying the production process, improving production efficiency, and significantly reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure during the pouring of liquid metal according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure during the processing of extrusion casting billets according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the extruded part being processed according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0042] 1. Casting extrusion cylinder; 11. Casting extrusion cavity; 12. Gating gate; 13. Cooling water channel; 2. Hot extrusion die; 21. Die hole; 3. Extrusion assembly; 31. Pressure rod; 32. Pressure pad; 4. Sealing assembly; 41. Mold closing rod; 42. Limiting block; 5. Vacuum assembly; 51. Air extraction pipe; 52. Air extraction pump; 6. Temperature control assembly; 61. Thermocouple; 62. Temperature controller; 7. Connecting block; 71. Mounting groove; 72. Perforation. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0044] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0045] This application discloses an integrated casting and extrusion molding apparatus for metal preparation.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 An integrated casting and extrusion forming device for metal preparation includes a casting and extrusion cylinder 1, a hot extrusion die 2, an extrusion assembly 3, a sealing assembly 4, a vacuum assembly 5, and a temperature control assembly 6. The casting and extrusion cylinder 1 is horizontally arranged. In this embodiment, the billet is processed by horizontal extrusion casting. The inside of the casting and extrusion cylinder 1 is configured with a casting and extrusion cavity 11 that is open at both ends. The hot extrusion die 2 is detachable from one end of the casting and extrusion cylinder 1 and has a die hole 21 that communicates with the casting and extrusion cavity 11. The casting and extrusion cylinder 1 has a pouring port 12 for injecting raw materials into the casting and extrusion cavity 11. When processing the extruded parts, first... The die hole 21 is sealed by the sealing component 4, and liquid metal is poured into the casting and extrusion cavity 11 from the pouring port 12. When pouring liquid metal, the air in the casting and extrusion cavity 11 is extracted by the vacuum component 5 to reduce defects such as oxide inclusions and porosity caused by air entering the liquid metal. The temperature of the casting and extrusion cylinder 1 is adjusted by the temperature control component 6 to maintain a better processing temperature. The extrusion component 3 pushes the liquid metal in the casting and extrusion cavity 11 to move towards the side closer to the die hole 21. First, a billet is formed by extrusion casting, and then the die hole 21 is opened to form an extruded part through hot extrusion process.

[0047] This application obtains a billet by applying high pressure to the liquid metal within the extrusion cavity 11, causing it to solidify. This method has the following effects: the liquid metal phase diagram changes, leading to an increase in the liquidus temperature, a decrease in the diffusion coefficient, and a significant increase in the nucleation rate; the liquid metal adheres tightly to the mold, preventing oxidation and promoting rapid cooling of the liquid phase, refining the grains and the second phase; and shrinkage cavities and porosity defects are reduced or even eliminated. Therefore, extrusion casting can produce billets with fine microstructure, dense internal structure, smooth surface, and good plasticity, improving the quality of extruded parts.

[0048] To facilitate the production of extruded parts of different shapes and sizes, the casting extrusion cylinder 1 and the hot extrusion die 2 are detachably connected. The die holes 21 on different hot extrusion dies 2 have different shapes. Specifically, the hot extrusion die 2 and the casting extrusion cylinder 1 are threadedly connected and adapted. After connection, the die holes 21 and the casting extrusion cavity 11 are located on the same axis.

[0049] To facilitate the sealing of the die hole 21, the sealing assembly 4 includes a die-closing rod 41 and a limiting block 42. The limiting block 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the die-closing rod 41. The die-closing rod 41 is inserted into and adapted to the die hole 21. When sealing the die hole 21, the limiting block 42 is first installed on the connecting block 7 on the extruder. The connecting block 7 has an installation groove 71 for the limiting block 42 to be inserted. The extruder drives the connecting block 7 to move the limiting block 42, so that the die-closing rod 41 is inserted into the die hole 21, thereby sealing the die hole 21. In addition, the limiting block 42 has a through hole 72 that is coaxial with the die hole 21 and has a diameter larger than the die hole 21, so that the extruded part formed in the die hole 21 can pass through the through hole 72.

[0050] To facilitate the pouring of liquid metal into the casting cylinder 1, the pouring port 12 is located at the top of the casting cylinder 1, and the top diameter of the pouring port 12 is larger than the bottom diameter.

[0051] Vacuum assembly 5 includes an air extraction pipe 51 and an air extraction pump 52. The air extraction pump 52 is fixedly connected to one end of the air extraction pipe 51, and the other end of the air extraction pipe 51 is connected to the casting extrusion cylinder 1 and communicates with the casting extrusion chamber 11. While pouring liquid metal into the casting extrusion chamber 11, the air extraction pump 52 is started to discharge the air inside the casting extrusion chamber 11 through the air extraction pipe 51. The air extraction pump 52 draws air from the inside of the casting extrusion chamber 11 through the air extraction pipe, thereby reducing defects such as oxide inclusions and porosity caused by air entering the liquid metal. The air extraction pipe 51 is located between the pouring port 12 and the hot extrusion... Between the extrusion mold 2, and with the exhaust pipe 51 close to the end of the pouring port 12, after pouring, the extrusion assembly 3 pushes the liquid metal toward the side closer to the hot extrusion mold 2, and the liquid level rises. When the extrusion assembly 3 closes the pouring port 12, the exhaust pipe 51 can continue to extract air from the casting extrusion chamber 11. When the extrusion assembly 3 continues to move and closes the exhaust pipe 51, the extrusion assembly 3 pushes the liquid metal, and the liquid metal will not enter the exhaust pipe 51. Therefore, there is no need to install a valve on the casting extrusion cylinder 1 to close the exhaust pipe 51, reducing the manufacturing cost of the device.

[0052] When liquid metal is processed in the casting extrusion chamber 11, it needs to be kept at a certain temperature. To maintain a certain temperature for the liquid metal, a cooling water passage 13 is provided on the casting extrusion cylinder 1, which is arranged around the outside of the casting extrusion chamber 11. In this embodiment, the cooling water passage 13 is opened between the outer wall of the casting extrusion chamber 11 and the outer wall of the casting extrusion cylinder 1. Both ends of the cooling water passage 13 are connected to an external water source. The water in the cooling water passage 13 is circulated by a water pump. The water flow in the cooling water passage 13 can absorb the heat in the casting extrusion chamber 11, thereby lowering the temperature of the liquid metal so that it can be quickly solidified when pressurized. The casting extrusion cylinder 1 is also provided with a control The temperature control component 6, which controls the operation of the cooling water circuit 13, maintains a suitable temperature in the casting and extrusion chamber 11. The temperature control component 6 includes a thermocouple 61 and a temperature controller 62. The thermocouple 61 is fixedly connected to the casting and extrusion cylinder 1, and the temperature controller 62 is electrically connected to the thermocouple 61. The temperature controller 62 is connected to the cooling water circuit 13 to control its operation. Specifically, the temperature controller 62 is connected to a water pump, and the thermocouple 61 directly measures the temperature of the casting and extrusion cylinder 1 and transmits the data to the temperature controller 62. The temperature controller 62 controls the operation of the cooling water circuit 13 according to the temperature requirements during processing, thereby achieving automatic temperature regulation.

[0053] The extrusion assembly 3 applies a pressure of 300-600 MPa to the liquid in the extrusion chamber 11 for 20-60 seconds, causing the liquid metal to solidify into a solid billet under pressure. Because the temperature inside the extrusion chamber 11 is high, the solid billet has low deformation resistance and is located in the plastic deformation zone, allowing for plastic deformation and further processing into extruded parts. The extrusion assembly 3 includes a pressure rod 31 and a pressure pad 32. The pressure pad 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure rod 31 and is disposed within the extrusion chamber 11. The inner wall is fitted together, and the pressure rod 31 is fixedly connected to the extruder. The extruder drives the pressure rod 31 and the pressure pad 32 to move, thereby applying pressure to the liquid metal. There is a slight gap between the pressure pad 32 and the casting and extrusion cavity 11, which allows a small amount of residual gas in the casting and extrusion cavity 11 to be discharged, but the liquid metal will not seep out. After the liquid metal forms a solid billet, the die closing rod 41 is removed. The extruder drives the pressure rod 31 and the pressure pad 32 to push the solid billet out along the die hole 21 of the hot extrusion die at a speed of 0.1 to 20 mm / s to obtain the extruded part.

[0054] This device enables rapid conversion between extrusion casting and hot extrusion processes, reduces the number of required equipment, simplifies material turnover, and improves production efficiency.

[0055] This application discloses an integrated casting and extrusion molding method for metal preparation.

[0056] An integrated casting-extrusion molding method for metal preparation includes the following steps:

[0057] S1: The sealing component 4 is driven by the extruder, and the limiting block 42 is installed on the extruder, so that the die closing rod 41 is inserted into the die hole 21 to seal the die hole 21 on the hot extrusion die 2;

[0058] S2: After starting the vacuum pump 52 through the vacuum assembly 5, the air extraction pipe 51 extracts the air from the casting and extrusion chamber 11.

[0059] S3: While the vacuum assembly 5 extracts the air from the casting and extrusion chamber 11, it injects liquid metal into the casting and extrusion chamber 11 through the pouring port 12. The temperature of the liquid metal injected into the casting and extrusion chamber 11 exceeds the liquidus temperature by 50°C to 150°C.

[0060] S4: After casting is completed, the extrusion assembly 3 is driven by the extruder, so that the pressure rod 31 drives the pressure pad 32 to push the liquid metal at a speed of 5-20 mm / s. The vacuum assembly 5 continues to extract air to reduce the air in the casting and extrusion chamber 11. The extrusion assembly 3 continues to push the liquid metal until the casting and extrusion chamber 11 is filled with liquid metal.

[0061] S5: The extrusion component 3 applies pressure to the liquid metal, causing the liquid metal to solidify into a solid billet under pressure;

[0062] S6: Remove the sealing component 4, and the extrusion component 3 pushes the solid billet, which is extruded from the die hole 21 to form an extruded part.

[0063] This method integrates horizontal extrusion casting and hot extrusion processes, achieving integrated preparation and forming from liquid metal solidification to billet shaping. It eliminates the pretreatment steps such as homogenization heat treatment, descaling, and preheating required in traditional hot extrusion production, avoiding defects such as surface oxidation and coarsening of the microstructure, while also reducing energy consumption and shortening the processing flow. Furthermore, the extruded parts produced using the method and apparatus provided by this invention have fine microstructures, smooth and flat surfaces, and excellent mechanical properties.

[0064] The following describes this application based on the processing of four non-ferrous metals:

[0065] Aluminum alloys possess high specific strength, corrosion resistance, good machinability, and ease of recycling, making them the second most commonly used metal after steel. Extruded aluminum alloy profiles are widely used in building materials, welded vehicle components, aircraft, and sporting goods. 6063 aluminum alloy is one of the most commonly used extruded aluminum alloys.

[0066] The composition of 6063 aluminum alloy by mass percentage is Si: 0.45%, Mg: 0.62%, Fe: 0.18%, Cu: 0.01%, Mn: 0.01%, Zn: 0.01%, with the remainder being Al. The die hole 21 on the hot extrusion die 2 has an I-shaped cross-section, and its area is approximately one-fortieth of the cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion cylinder 1.

[0067] Before pouring, insert the mold closing rod 41 into the mold hole 21 to seal the outlet of the casting and extrusion cavity 11. The pressure rod 31 and the pressure pad 32 retract along the casting and extrusion cylinder 1 to the left side of the pouring port 12. Start the air pump 52. Pour in a certain amount of 6063 aluminum alloy melt at a temperature of 740℃.

[0068] After the casting is completed, the driving pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to move slowly at a speed of 15 mm / s until it passes the pouring port 12, so that the casting cavity 11 is completely closed, and the air pump 52 extracts the small amount of residual gas in the casting cavity 11.

[0069] After evacuating for 1-2 seconds, continue to drive the pressure rod 31 to push the pressure pad 32 past the evacuation pipe 51 to prevent the alloy melt from entering the evacuation pipe 51. Continue to move to the right until the alloy melt fills the casting and extrusion cavity 11. Apply a pressure of 300 MPa for 30 seconds to make the alloy melt completely solidify into a solid billet under pressure.

[0070] Remove the die-closing rod 41 from the die hole 21 and take it off. The pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to the right at a speed of 20 mm / s, causing the solid blank to undergo plastic deformation and be extruded from the die hole 21 to obtain the extruded part.

[0071] During the production process, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is continuously monitored by thermocouple 61 and temperature controller 62. After four extrusions, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 reaches the process requirement of 475℃~525℃. The above steps are repeated, and the heat generated during the continuous extrusion is removed by cooling water circuit 13, so that the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is controlled to be maintained within the process requirement of 475℃~525℃.

[0072] Magnesium alloys are currently the lightest metallic structural materials, characterized by high specific strength and specific stiffness, and good damping and vibration reduction performance. AZ31 magnesium alloy is one of the most commonly used wrought magnesium alloys. It is widely used in the manufacture of equipment in the automotive, aerospace, and rail transportation industries.

[0073] The composition of AZ31 magnesium alloy by mass percentage is Al: 3.0%, Zn: 0.8%, Mn: 0.6%, Si: 0.08%, Ca: 0.04%, Fe: 0.03%, with the remainder being Mg. The die hole 21 of the hot extrusion die 2 has a circular cross-section, and its area is approximately one twenty-fifth of the cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion cylinder 1.

[0074] Before pouring, insert the mold closing rod 41 into the mold hole 21 to seal the outlet of the casting extrusion cavity 11. The pressure rod 31 and the pressure pad 32 retract along the casting extrusion cylinder 1 to the left side of the gate. Start the air pump 52. Pour in a certain amount of AZ31 magnesium alloy melt at a temperature of 690℃.

[0075] After the casting is completed, the driving pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to move slowly at a speed of 5 mm / s until it passes the gate, so that the casting cavity 11 is completely closed, and the air pump 52 extracts the small amount of residual gas in the casting cavity 11.

[0076] After evacuating for 1-2 seconds, continue to drive the pressure rod 31 to push the pressure pad 32 past the evacuation pipe 51 to prevent the alloy melt from entering the evacuation pipe 51. Continue to move to the right until the alloy melt fills the casting and extrusion cavity 11. Apply a pressure of 400 MPa for 40 seconds to ensure that the alloy melt is completely solidified under pressure and becomes a solid billet.

[0077] Remove the die-closing rod 41 from the die hole 21 and take it off. The pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to the right at a speed of 2 mm / s, causing the solid blank to undergo plastic deformation and be extruded from the die hole 21 to obtain the extruded part.

[0078] During the production process, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is continuously monitored by thermocouple 61 and temperature controller 62. After two extrusions, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 reaches the process requirement of 300℃~350℃. The above steps are repeated, and the heat generated during the continuous extrusion is removed by cooling water circuit 13, so that the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is controlled to be maintained within the process requirement of 300℃~350℃.

[0079] Brass alloys have excellent wear resistance, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and are widely used in the manufacture of various wear-resistant, high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity parts.

[0080] The H62 brass alloy has the following composition by mass percentage: Cu 61.75%, Fe 0.15%, P 0.08%, with the remainder being Zn. The die hole 21 of the hot extrusion die 2 has a rectangular cross-section, and its area is approximately one-fiftieth of the cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion cylinder 1.

[0081] Before pouring, insert the mold closing rod 41 into the mold hole 21 to seal the outlet of the casting extrusion cavity 11. The pressure rod 31 and the pressure pad 32 retract along the casting extrusion cylinder 1 to the left side of the gate. Start the air pump 52. Pour in a certain amount of H62 brass alloy melt at a temperature of 1070℃.

[0082] After the casting is completed, the driving pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to move slowly at a speed of 5 mm / s until it passes the gate, so that the casting cavity 11 is completely closed, and the air pump 52 extracts the small amount of residual gas in the casting cavity 11.

[0083] After evacuating for 1-2 seconds, continue to drive the pressure rod 31 to push the pressure pad 32 past the evacuation pipe 51 to prevent the alloy melt from entering the evacuation pipe 51. Continue to move to the right until the alloy melt fills the casting and extrusion cavity 11. Apply a pressure of 600 MPa for 60 seconds to ensure that the alloy melt is completely solidified under pressure and becomes a solid billet.

[0084] Remove the die-closing rod 41 from the die hole 21 and take it off. The pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to the right at a speed of 15 mm / s, causing the solid blank to undergo plastic deformation and be extruded from the die hole 21 to obtain the extruded part.

[0085] During the production process, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is continuously monitored by thermocouple 61 and temperature controller 62. After two extrusions, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 reaches the process requirement of 380℃~420℃. The above steps are repeated, and the heat generated during the continuous extrusion is removed by cooling water circuit 13, so that the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is controlled to be maintained within the process requirement of 380℃~420℃.

[0086] Zinc alloys are considered a low-cost alternative to copper alloys, with good wear resistance and shock absorption properties, and are widely used in sacrificial anodes, biomedicine and other fields.

[0087] The ZA27 zinc alloy has the following composition by mass percentage: Al 26.50%, Cu 1.60%, Mg 0.02%, with the remainder being Zn. The die hole 21 of the hot extrusion die 2 has a mountain-shaped cross-section, and its area is approximately one-thirtieth of the cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion cylinder 1.

[0088] Before pouring, insert the mold closing rod 41 into the mold hole 21 to seal the outlet of the extrusion cavity 11. The pressure rod 31 and the pressure pad 32 retract along the extrusion cylinder 1 to the left side of the gate. Start the air pump 52. Pour in a certain amount of ZA27 zinc alloy melt at a temperature of 510℃.

[0089] After the casting is completed, the driving pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to move slowly at a speed of 5 mm / s until it passes the gate, so that the casting cavity 11 is completely closed, and the air pump 52 extracts the small amount of residual gas in the casting cavity 11.

[0090] After evacuating for 1-2 seconds, continue to drive the pressure rod 31 to push the pressure pad 32 past the evacuation pipe 51 to prevent the alloy melt from entering the evacuation pipe 51. Continue to move to the right until the alloy melt fills the casting and extrusion cavity 11. Apply a pressure of 300 MPa for 20 seconds to ensure that the alloy melt is completely solidified under pressure and becomes a solid billet.

[0091] Remove the die-closing rod 41 from the die hole 21 and take it off. The pressure rod 31 pushes the pressure pad 32 to the right at a speed of 10 mm / s, causing the solid blank to undergo plastic deformation and be extruded from the die hole 21 to obtain the extruded part.

[0092] During the production process, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is continuously monitored by thermocouple 61 and temperature controller 62. After two extrusions, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 reaches the process requirement of 300℃~350℃. The above steps are repeated, and the heat generated during the continuous extrusion is removed by cooling water circuit 13, so that the temperature of the extrusion cylinder 1 is controlled to be maintained within the process requirement of 300℃~350℃.

[0093] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A cast-extrusion integrated molding device for metal production, characterized by, The device comprises a casting and extruding cylinder (1), a hot extruding die (2), an extruding assembly (3) and a blocking assembly (4), the inside of the casting and extruding cylinder (1) is provided with a casting and extruding cavity (11) through both ends, the hot extruding die (2) is arranged at one end of the casting and extruding cylinder (1) and is provided with a die hole (21) communicating with the casting and extruding cavity (11), the casting and extruding cylinder (1) is provided with a pouring opening (12) for pouring raw materials into the casting and extruding cavity (11), the blocking assembly (4) is used for blocking the die hole (21) before pouring raw materials into the casting and extruding cavity (11), the extruding assembly (3) is used for pushing the raw materials in the casting and extruding cavity (11) to move to the side close to the die hole (21), and the device further comprises a vacuum assembly (5) used for extracting air in the casting and extruding cavity (11). The vacuum assembly (5) comprises an air extraction pipeline (51) and an air extraction pump (52), one end of the air extraction pump (52) is fixedly connected to the air extraction pipeline (51), the other end of the air extraction pipeline (51) is connected to the casting and extruding cylinder (1) and communicates with the casting and extruding cavity (11), and the air extraction pump (52) is started to exhaust air in the casting and extruding cavity (11) through the air extraction pipeline (51). The air extraction pipeline (51) is located between the pouring opening (12) and the hot extruding die (2), one end of the air extraction pipeline (51) is close to the pouring opening (12), the extruding assembly (3) pushes the raw materials to move to the side close to the hot extruding die (2), when the extruding assembly (3) blocks the pouring opening (12), the air extraction pipeline (51) can continue to extract air in the casting and extruding cavity (11), and when the extruding assembly (3) continues to move, the air extraction pipeline (51) is blocked, and then the extruding assembly (3) pushes the liquid metal, so that the liquid metal cannot enter the air extraction pipeline (51). The extruding assembly (3) comprises a pressurizing rod (31) and a pressurizing pad (32), one end of the pressurizing pad (32) is fixedly connected to the pressurizing rod (31), the pressurizing pad (32) is arranged in the casting and extruding cavity (11), the pressurizing pad (32) is attached to the inner wall of the casting and extruding cavity (11), and a slight gap exists between the pressurizing pad (32) and the casting and extruding cavity (11), so that a small amount of residual gas in the casting and extruding cavity (11) can be exhausted.

2. The cast-extrusion integrated molding apparatus for metal production according to claim 1, wherein The blocking assembly (4) comprises a die blocking rod (41) and a limiting block (42), one end of the limiting block (42) is fixedly connected to the die blocking rod (41), and the die blocking rod (41) is insertedly matched with the die hole (21), when the die hole (21) is blocked, the die blocking rod (41) is inserted into the die hole (21).

3. The cast-extrusion integrated forming apparatus for metal production according to claim 1, wherein The casting and extruding cylinder (1) is provided with a cooling water channel (13) arranged outside the casting and extruding cavity (11), both ends of the cooling water channel (13) are connected with an external water source, and the casting and extruding cylinder (1) is further provided with a temperature control assembly (6) used for controlling the operation of the cooling water channel (13).

4. The cast-extrusion integrated molding apparatus for metal production according to claim 3, wherein The temperature control assembly (6) comprises a thermocouple (61) arranged on the casting extrusion cylinder (1) and a temperature controller (62) electrically connected with the thermocouple (61), the temperature controller (62) being connected with the cooling water channel (13) for controlling the operation of the cooling water channel (13).

5. The cast-extrusion integrated forming apparatus for metal production according to claim 1, wherein The casting extrusion cylinder (1) is detachably connected with the hot extrusion die (2).

6. A cast-extrusion integrated molding method for metal production, which is performed using the cast-extrusion integrated molding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: blocking the die hole (21) on the hot extrusion die (2) by using the blocking assembly (4); S2: extracting air in the casting extrusion cavity (11) by the vacuum assembly (5); S3: while the vacuum assembly (5) extracts air in the casting extrusion cavity (11), injecting liquid metal into the casting extrusion cavity (11) through the pouring gate (12); S4: after pouring, the extrusion assembly (3) pushes the liquid metal to move, the vacuum assembly (5) continues to extract air to reduce the air in the casting extrusion cavity (11), and the extrusion assembly (3) continues to push the liquid metal until the casting extrusion cavity (11) is filled with the liquid metal; S5: the extrusion assembly (3) applies pressure to the liquid metal, so that the liquid metal solidifies into a solid billet under pressure; S6: removing the blocking assembly (4), the extrusion assembly (3) pushes the solid billet, the solid billet is extruded out of the die hole (21), and an extruded part is formed.

7. The cast-extrusion integrated forming method for metal production according to claim 6, wherein In S3, the temperature of the liquid metal injected into the casting extrusion cavity (11) is 50-150℃ higher than the liquidus temperature.

Images