An ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical apparatus and method

Abstract

The application provides an ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device and method, and relates to the technical field of steel production. The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method comprises the following steps: a feeding stage: feeding excess ammonia into a blast furnace, and adding ores and fluxes from a feeding opening of the blast furnace; an ammonia cracking stage: making the excess ammonia pass through a catalytic cracking zone to generate hydrogen through catalytic cracking; a reduction stage: hydrogen reduction of metal oxides in the ores by hydrogen to generate metal elements; meanwhile, ammonia reduction of the metal oxides in the ores by ammonia which has not passed through the catalytic cracking to generate the metal elements; and a collection stage: collecting the generated metal elements. The operation of feeding the excess ammonia and the setting of the catalytic cracking stage enable the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction to be simultaneously performed, the reduction reaction of the metal oxides is more complete, and the efficiency of generating the metal elements is improved. Meanwhile, enhanced phases can be formed, a separate nitriding process is not needed, the production cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is further improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to an ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Metal smelting relies on the use of fossil reducing agents (from coal, coke and methane) to reduce metal oxides, so the metal smelting industry is one of the three industries with the largest global carbon dioxide emissions, especially the steel smelting industry. The steel industry urgently needs a new green and low-carbon production mode to cope with the challenges it faces, so as to realize the mode shift from fossil fuel-based steel production to clean energy-based steel production.

[0003] Taking steel smelting as an example, at present, in order to solve the environmental protection problem, people make steel smelting green and ecological by introducing ammonia hydrogen. Because hydrogen has good reducing property and the product is water, it has great potential as a green and clean energy source. Ammonia is an efficient and cost-competitive hydrogen and energy storage carrier, which is liquefied by pressurization or refrigeration under mild conditions to form liquid anhydrous ammonia with high volumetric hydrogen content and energy density. In the ironmaking process, the operator passes ammonia gas into the blast furnace, so that the metal oxides in the blast furnace react with it to generate metal elements, and then the metal elements act as catalysts to crack ammonia gas to generate hydrogen, which then hydrogenates the metal oxides to generate metal elements.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the reduction reaction of ammonia hydrogen to metal oxides is not complete, and the efficiency of generating metal elements is low. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device and method to alleviate the technical problems of incomplete reduction reaction of ammonia hydrogen to metal oxides and low efficiency of generating metal elements in the prior art.

[0006] An ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device, the ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device comprising a blast furnace;

[0007] The blast furnace is provided with a charging port above and a discharging port below; a catalytic cracking zone is arranged at the bottom end inside the blast furnace, the catalytic cracking zone is filled with ammonia cracking catalyst, and the catalytic cracking zone is provided with a gas inlet communicating with the outside of the blast furnace and a gas outlet communicating with the inside of the blast furnace.

[0008] Further, the blast furnace comprises a hearth, the catalytic cracking zone is arranged at the hearth, and the catalytic cracking zone is provided with a plurality of gas inlets; the outer wall of the hearth surrounds an annular gas inlet pipe, the annular gas inlet pipe is provided with a gas inlet end and a plurality of gas outlet ends, and the plurality of gas outlet ends respectively communicate with the catalytic cracking zone through the plurality of gas inlets.

[0009] Further, the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device further comprises a high-temperature-resistant layer; the high-temperature-resistant layer is arranged outside the blast furnace and forms a preheating cavity between the outer wall of the blast furnace; the preheating cavity is provided with a gas inlet, and the bottom of the preheating cavity is provided with a water outlet.

[0010] Further, a plurality of the gas inlets are uniformly distributed along the outer wall of the hearth in a circumferential direction.

[0011] An ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method, comprising the following steps:

[0012] A charging stage: excess ammonia gas is introduced into the blast furnace, and ores and fluxes are added from the charging port of the blast furnace;

[0013] An ammonia cracking stage: the excess ammonia gas passes through a catalytic cracking zone to generate hydrogen through catalytic cracking;

[0014] A reduction stage: hydrogen reduction of metal oxides in the ores is performed by hydrogen to generate elemental metals; at the same time, ammonia reduction of the metal oxides in the ores is performed by ammonia gas that has not passed through the catalytic cracking zone to generate elemental metals;

[0015] A collection stage: the generated elemental metals are collected.

[0016] Further, before the charging stage, the ores and fluxes are heated in a heating furnace to make the ores in a semi-fluid state; the ores contain oxides of Fe, Zn, Sn, Pb or Cu.

[0017] Further, before the charging stage, the ammonia gas is heated in a hot blast furnace.

[0018] Further, before the ores, fluxes and ammonia gas are heated, ammonia gas and air are introduced into the preheating cavity between the outer wall of the blast furnace and the high-temperature-resistant layer to burn and preheat the blast furnace.

[0019] Further, between the reduction stage and the collection stage, a slag removal stage is further included: sulfur elements in the ores are removed to form slag, and the slag is discharged from a slag outlet.

[0020] Further, in the charging stage, excess ammonia gas is introduced into the bottom hearth of the blast furnace; and the catalytic cracking zone is arranged at the hearth.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application at least include the following aspects:

[0022] The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method provided by the application, in the production process, a part of the excess ammonia gas introduced into the blast furnace is catalytically cracked to generate hydrogen, and a part is not catalytically cracked. At this time, a mixed gas including ammonia and hydrogen is formed in the blast furnace. The hydrogen in the mixed gas performs hydrogen reduction on the metal oxide in the ore to generate metal elements, and the ammonia performs ammonia reduction on the metal oxide in the ore to also generate metal elements, and the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction are performed simultaneously. In addition, since the ammonia molecule is a polar covalent bond, the metal elements after reduction will be nitrided to form nitriding products in the atmosphere of excess ammonia, and the products are a hard phase and can be used as a strengthening phase to improve the hardness and strength of the metal. As can be seen, the operation of introducing excess ammonia and the setting of the catalytic cracking stage enable the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction to be performed simultaneously, the reduction reaction of the metal oxide is more complete, and the efficiency of generating metal elements is improved. At the same time, the strengthening phase can be formed, and a separate nitriding process is not needed, thereby reducing the production cost and further improving the production efficiency.

[0023] The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device provided by the embodiment of the application, in the production process, the operator adds ore and flux into the blast furnace from the charging port, and simultaneously introduces excess ammonia into the catalytic cracking zone at the bottom end of the blast furnace through the gas inlet to make the ammonia contact with the ammonia cracking catalyst. A part of the ammonia is catalytically cracked to generate hydrogen, and a part is not catalytically cracked. At this time, the hydrogen and the ammonia not catalytically cracked are introduced into the blast furnace through the gas outlet to react with the metal oxide in the ore. Among them, the hydrogen in the mixed gas performs hydrogen reduction on the metal oxide in the ore to generate metal elements, and the ammonia performs ammonia reduction on the metal oxide in the ore to also generate metal elements, and the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction are performed simultaneously. In addition, since the ammonia molecule is a polar covalent bond, the metal elements after reduction will be nitrided to form nitriding products in the atmosphere of excess ammonia, and the products are a hard phase and can be used as a strengthening phase to improve the hardness and strength of the metal. As can be seen, the operation of introducing excess ammonia and the setting of the catalytic cracking stage enable the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction to be performed simultaneously, the reduction reaction of the metal oxide is more complete, and the efficiency of generating metal elements is improved. At the same time, the strengthening phase can be formed, and a separate nitriding process is not needed, thereby reducing the production cost and further improving the production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1A step block diagram of the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Figure: 1-blast furnace; 2-charging port; 3-catalytic cracking zone; 4-high-temperature-resistant layer; 5-preheating cavity; 6-tapping hole; 7-discharge port; 8-air inlet; 9-air outlet; 10-annular air inlet pipe; 11-air inlet end; 12-air outlet end; 13-vent; 14-drainage port; 15-pressure regulating valve; 101-furnace hearth; 102-furnace mouth; 103-furnace shaft; 104-furnace waist; 105-furnace belly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method provided by the embodiment of the present application takes steel smelting as an example, and includes the following steps:

[0030] Charging stage: excess ammonia gas is introduced into the blast furnace 1, and ore and flux are added from the charging port 2 of the blast furnace 1;

[0031] Ammonia cracking stage: the excess ammonia gas passes through the catalytic cracking zone 3 to generate hydrogen gas through catalytic cracking;

[0032] Reduction stage: hydrogen gas performs hydrogen reduction on the metal oxides in the ore to generate metal elements; at the same time, ammonia gas that has not been catalytically cracked performs ammonia reduction on the metal oxides in the ore to generate metal elements;

[0033] Collecting stage: the generated metal elements are collected.

[0034] The flux includes basic fluxes such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate (e.g. limestone is used as flux for iron smelting to remove gangue), potassium hydroxide, borate, etc.; acid fluxes such as potassium pyrosulfate, potassium fluoride, boron fluoride, etc.; and oxidizing fluxes such as sodium peroxide, potassium nitrate, potassium chlorate, etc.

[0035] It should be noted that: the excess ammonia gas refers to part of the ammonia gas being used to generate hydrogen gas through catalytic cracking, and another part of the ammonia gas not being catalytically cracked and being used for ammonia reduction.

[0036] Specifically, the catalyst filled in the catalytic cracking zone 3 is not limited to Fe, and the active component of the catalyst is one or several of Fe, Ni, Ru, Co, FeNi, FeRu, FeCo, FeNiRu, FeNiCo, and FeRuCo, and the reference particle size of the catalyst is 1-3 mm.

[0037] The chemical equation of ammonia cracking is:

[0038] The chemical equation of ammonia reduction is:

[0039] The chemical equation of hydrogen reduction is:

[0040] The high-temperature nitrogen gas generated by ammonia cracking and ammonia reduction is chemically inert and can maintain the reaction temperature, or is released through the pressure regulating valve 15 to dynamically adjust the pressure in the blast furnace 1.

[0041] In the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method provided by the embodiment, when the excess ammonia gas introduced into the blast furnace 1 passes through the catalytic cracking zone 3, part of the ammonia gas is catalytically cracked to generate hydrogen, and part of the ammonia gas is not catalytically cracked. At this time, a mixed gas including ammonia and hydrogen is formed in the blast furnace 1. The hydrogen in the mixed gas performs hydrogen reduction on the oxides of iron in the iron ore to generate metal elements, and the ammonia performs ammonia reduction on the oxides of iron in the iron ore to also generate metal elements, and the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction are performed simultaneously. In addition, since the ammonia molecule is a polar covalent bond, the metal elements after reduction will be nitrided in the excess ammonia atmosphere to form nitrided products of FeN4, which is a hard phase and can be used as a strengthening phase to improve the hardness and strength of the metal.

[0042] As can be seen from the above, the operation of introducing excess ammonia gas and the setting of the catalytic cracking stage enable the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction to be performed simultaneously, the reduction reaction of the oxides of iron is more complete, and the efficiency of generating metal elements is improved. At the same time, a strengthening phase is formed, and a separate nitriding process is not required, thereby reducing the production cost and further improving the production efficiency.

[0043] On the basis of the above embodiment, further, the iron ore and the flux are heated in the heating furnace before the charging stage to make the iron ore in a semi-fluid state.

[0044] Further, the ammonia gas is heated in the hot blast furnace before the charging stage.

[0045] Specifically, the high-purity ammonia gas is heated to 1000-1300℃ in the hot blast furnace and then introduced into the blast furnace 1.

[0046] Further, before heating the iron ore, flux and ammonia gas, ammonia gas and air are burned in the preheating cavity 5 between the outer wall of the blast furnace 1 and the high-temperature resistant layer 4 to preheat the blast furnace 1.

[0047] The oxygen in the ammonia gas and the air is burned, and the chemical reaction formula is: 4NH3+3O2=6H2O(g)+2N2(g).

[0048] To ensure that the reaction conditions in the blast furnace 1 are stable, nitrogen and air can be continuously burned in the preheating cavity 5 to heat the blast furnace 1 during production to keep the blast furnace 1 warm.

[0049] In this embodiment, the oxygen in the ammonia gas and the air is burned in the preheating cavity 5 to heat the blast furnace 1, preheat the blast furnace 1, and keep the blast furnace 1 warm during the reaction process to ensure that the reaction conditions are stable. The operation of heating the iron ore and the flux in the heating furnace and the operation of heating the ammonia gas in the hot blast furnace can ensure that the reduction reaction is rapid and efficient, thereby improving the efficiency of iron smelting.

[0050] On the basis of the above embodiment, further, between the reduction stage and the collection stage, there is also a slag removal stage: removing sulfur elements in the iron ore to form slag, and discharging the slag from the slag outlet 6.

[0051] Specifically, the slag removal is achieved by adding limestone and the like to remove sulfur elements and gangue in the iron ore, and to separate the pig iron from the same, thereby improving the purity of the iron, and at the same time, forming slag which is discharged through the slag outlet 6. The chemical equation is: Fe2S3+CaO=CaS+Fe2O3.

[0052] In this embodiment, after the reduction stage, the slag removal operation is performed first, and then the elemental iron is collected, which can facilitate the collection of pure elemental iron. Subsequently, the operator can separate the iron oxides in the slag according to actual needs for a further reduction operation.

[0053] On the basis of the above embodiment, further, in the charging stage, excess ammonia gas is introduced into the bottom hearth 101 of the blast furnace 1; and the catalytic cracking zone 3 is arranged at the hearth 101.

[0054] In this embodiment, the iron ore and the flux are added to the top charging port 2 of the blast furnace 1, and excess ammonia gas is introduced into the bottom hearth 101 of the blast furnace 1. The iron ore and the flux flow downward under the action of gravity, and the gas flows upward, which can ensure that the reactants are in sufficient contact, thereby ensuring that the reduction reaction is more complete.

[0055] It should be noted that the above ammonia hydrogen metallurgy method is taken as an example of iron smelting. The method is also applicable to other metals that can be smelted by using the thermal reduction method, such as Zn, Sn, Pb, Cu, and the like.

[0056] Based on the above embodiment, further, the embodiment of the present application also provides an ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device, the ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device includes a blast furnace 1;The blast furnace 1 is provided with a feeding port 2 above, and the blast furnace 1 is provided with a discharge port 7 below;The bottom end of the blast furnace 1 is provided with a catalytic cracking zone 3 inside, the catalytic cracking zone 3 is filled with ammonia cracking catalyst, and the catalytic cracking zone 3 is provided with a gas inlet 8 communicated with the outside of the blast furnace 1 and a gas outlet 9 communicated with the inside of the blast furnace 1.

[0057] Wherein, the blast furnace 1 is made of stainless steel material.

[0058] Specifically, the discharge port is also provided with a pressure regulating valve 15. In the production process, the operator can switch the pressure regulating valve 15 according to the actual situation, to dynamically adjust the pressure in the blast furnace 1, to ensure that the reduction reaction continues stably.

[0059] The blast furnace 1 is also provided with a slag outlet 6 below, because the slag is lighter than the iron element, so the height of the slag outlet 6 is higher than the height of the discharge port 7.

[0060] In the embodiment, in the production process, the operator adds iron ore and flux into the blast furnace 1 from the feeding port 2, and at the same time, excess ammonia gas is introduced into the catalytic cracking zone 3 at the bottom end of the blast furnace 1 through the gas inlet 8, so that the ammonia gas contacts with the ammonia cracking catalyst. Part of the ammonia gas is catalytically cracked to generate hydrogen, and part of the ammonia gas is not catalytically cracked. At this time, the hydrogen and the ammonia gas not catalytically cracked are introduced into the blast furnace 1 through the gas outlet 9, and react with the iron oxide in the iron ore. Among them, the hydrogen in the mixed gas carries out hydrogen reduction on the iron oxide in the iron ore to generate iron element, and the ammonia gas carries out ammonia reduction on the iron oxide in the iron ore to also generate iron element, and the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction are carried out at the same time.

[0061] In addition, since the ammonia gas molecule is a polar covalent bond, the metal element after reduction will be nitrided in the excess ammonia gas atmosphere to form a nitriding product of FeN4, which is a hard phase and can be used as a strengthening phase to improve the hardness and strength of the metal.

[0062] As can be seen from the above, the operation of introducing excess ammonia gas and the setting of the catalytic cracking stage can make the hydrogen reduction and the ammonia reduction carried out at the same time, so that the reduction reaction of the iron oxide is more complete, and the efficiency of generating metal element is improved. At the same time, the strengthening phase can be formed, and the separate nitriding process is not needed, which reduces the production cost and further improves the production efficiency.

[0063] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, further, the blast furnace 1 comprises a furnace hearth 101, the catalytic cracking zone 3 is arranged at the furnace hearth 101, and the catalytic cracking zone 3 is provided with a plurality of gas inlets 8; the outer wall of the furnace hearth 101 surrounds a ring-shaped gas inlet pipe 10, the ring-shaped gas inlet pipe 10 is provided with a gas inlet end 11 and a plurality of gas outlet ends 12, and the plurality of gas outlet ends 12 respectively communicate with the catalytic cracking zone 3 through the plurality of gas inlets 8.

[0064] Further, the plurality of gas inlets 8 are evenly distributed along the outer wall of the furnace hearth 101 in the circumferential direction. This arrangement can make the gas contact with the ammonia cracking catalyst more uniform and accelerate the cracking speed.

[0065] Specifically, the blast furnace 1 comprises, from top to bottom, a furnace mouth 102, a furnace shaft 103, a furnace waist 104, a furnace belly 105, and the furnace hearth 101. The charging port 2 and the pressure regulating valve 15 are arranged at the furnace mouth 102, the discharge port 7 and the slag outlet 6 are arranged at the furnace belly 105. It is worth noting that the catalytic cracking zone 3 is arranged below the discharge port 7 and the slag outlet 6, and the gas outlet 9 is located at the junction of the furnace belly 105 and the furnace hearth 101.

[0066] In this embodiment, during the production process, the operator introduces excess ammonia gas into the ring-shaped gas inlet pipe 10 through the gas inlet end 11, and the ammonia gas enters the catalytic cracking zone 3 through the plurality of gas outlet ends 12 and the plurality of gas inlets 8. Due to the large amount of ammonia gas introduced, the arrangement of the plurality of gas outlet ends 12 and the plurality of gas inlets 8 can improve the efficiency of gas introduction and accelerate the cracking speed.

[0067] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, further, the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device further comprises a high-temperature-resistant layer 4; the high-temperature-resistant layer 4 is arranged outside the blast furnace 1, and a preheating cavity 5 is formed between the high-temperature-resistant layer 4 and the outer wall of the blast furnace 1; the preheating cavity 5 is provided with a gas inlet 13, and the bottom of the preheating cavity 5 is provided with a drainage outlet 14.

[0068] The material of the high-temperature-resistant layer 4 can be selected from, for example, aluminum oxide or graphite.

[0069] Specifically, the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device further comprises a heating furnace and a hot blast furnace (not shown in the figure). The heating furnace is used for heating iron ore and flux, so that the iron ore is in a semi-fluid state before being added into the blast furnace 1 from the charging port 2. The heating furnace and the blast furnace 1 are connected by a pipeline. The hot blast furnace is used for heating ammonia gas, and then the heated ammonia gas is introduced into the ring-shaped gas inlet pipe 10 from the gas inlet end 11. The hot blast furnace and the gas inlet end 11 of the ring-shaped gas inlet pipe 10 are connected by a pipeline.

[0070] In this embodiment, during the production process, the operator introduces ammonia gas and air into the preheating cavity 5 from the gas inlet 13, so that the oxygen in the ammonia gas and the air burns to generate heat, and the inside of the blast furnace 1 is heat-insulated. The water generated by the reaction can be discharged from the drainage outlet 14 according to the actual situation. The above-mentioned arrangement can ensure the temperature inside the blast furnace 1 and ensure that the reaction continues stably.

[0071] It should be noted that the above-mentioned ammonia hydrogen metallurgical device is taken as an example of iron smelting, and the device is also applicable to other metals that can be smelted by using a hot reduction method, such as Zn, Sn, Pb, Cu, and the like.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy method, using an ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy device, characterized in that: The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device includes a blast furnace; a charging port is provided above the blast furnace, and a discharging port is provided below the blast furnace; a catalytic cracking zone is provided at the bottom end of the blast furnace, the catalytic cracking zone is filled with an ammonia cracking catalyst, and an air inlet communicating with the exterior of the blast furnace and an air outlet communicating with the interior of the blast furnace are provided in the catalytic cracking zone; the ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical device also includes a high-temperature resistant layer; the high-temperature resistant layer is provided outside the blast furnace and forms a preheating cavity between the layer and the outer wall of the blast furnace; a vent is provided on the preheating cavity, and a drain is provided at the bottom of the preheating cavity; The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgical method comprises the following steps: Charging stage: Excess ammonia is introduced into the blast furnace, and ore and flux are added from the blast furnace charging port; before heating the ore, flux and ammonia, ammonia and air are introduced into the preheating cavity between the outer wall and the high-temperature resistant layer of the blast furnace for combustion to preheat the blast furnace; Ammonia cracking stage: excess ammonia is passed through the catalytic cracking zone to generate hydrogen through catalytic cracking; Reduction stage: Hydrogen reduces the metal oxides in the ore to form a metal element. Simultaneously, ammonia that has not undergone catalytic cracking reduces the metal oxides in the ore to form a metal element. The hydrogen reduction and ammonia reduction are carried out simultaneously. In the excess ammonia atmosphere, the reduced metal element undergoes nitriding to form a nitriding product. The nitriding product is a hard phase, which is a reinforcing phase that increases the hardness and strength of the metal. Collection stage: collecting the generated metal elements; Between the reduction stage and the collection stage, there is also a slag removal stage: by adding limestone to remove the sulfur and gangue in the iron ore, and separate the pig iron from it and discharge it from the slag outlet; Among them, the high-temperature nitrogen generated by ammonia cracking and ammonia reduction is maintained or released through a pressure regulating valve to dynamically adjust the pressure in the blast furnace.

2. The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blast furnace includes a furnace hearth, the catalytic cracking zone is arranged at the furnace hearth, and the catalytic cracking zone is provided with multiple air inlets; the outer wall of the furnace hearth surrounds an annular air inlet pipe, and the annular air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet end and multiple air outlet ends, and the multiple air outlet ends are respectively connected to the catalytic cracking zone through multiple air inlets.

3. The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of air inlets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the furnace.

4. The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prior to the charging stage, ore and flux are heated in a heating furnace to render the ore semi-fluidized; the ore contains oxides of Fe, Zn, Sn, Pb or Cu.

5. The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the charging stage, the ammonia gas is heated in a hot air furnace.

6. The ammonia-hydrogen metallurgy method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the charging stage, excess ammonia is introduced into the bottom hearth of the blast furnace; and the catalytic cracking zone is arranged at the hearth.

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