Four-axis tooling machining method

Abstract

The application relates to a four-axis tool machining method and relates to the technical field of workpiece machining. The method comprises the following steps: S1, the front surface of a workpiece is upward, a positioning hole of a shaft part is aligned with a positioning pin on a workbench, the workpiece is positioned on the workbench, and two round holes are machined on a plane part; S2, a fixing pin is inserted into a limiting hole, the back surface of the workpiece is upward, the round holes machined in S1 are respectively sleeved on the fixing pin, the workpiece is positioned, the shaft part is inserted into a limiting groove in a natural way, and the back surface of the workpiece is machined; S3, the fixing pin is installed in a fixing hole, the front surface of the workpiece is upward, the round hole is sleeved on the fixing pin, the shaft part is inserted into a fixing groove, and the shaft part of the workpiece is machined; and S4, the fixing pin is inserted into an insertion hole, the back surface of the workpiece is upward, the round hole is sleeved on the fixing pin, the shaft part is inserted into an insertion groove, and the shaft part of the workpiece is machined. The application has the effects that multiple tools for machining the workpiece are not needed to be replaced and carried, and the operation is convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of workpiece machining, in particular to a four-axis tooling machining method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tooling refers to various tools used in the machining process of workpieces, including tools, fixtures, molds, measuring tools, testing tools, auxiliary tools, bench tools, and work station tools. When machining different surfaces of a workpiece, it is usually divided into multiple steps for machining. However, in the prior art, different tooling fixtures are required for each step of machining the workpiece, and the tooling fixtures themselves are relatively bulky and difficult to replace, resulting in inconvenient operation. Therefore, there is room for improvement. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to improve the problem that multiple toolings need to be replaced during workpiece machining, and the toolings are relatively bulky, resulting in difficulty in replacement and inconvenient operation, the present application provides a four-axis tooling machining method.

[0004] The four-axis tooling machining method provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A four-axis tooling machining method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, the front surface of the workpiece is upward, the workpiece is driven to move, the shaft part of the workpiece is inserted into the positioning part of the machining assembly, so that the workpiece is positioned and installed on the workbench of the machining assembly, and then two circular holes are machined through the planar part of the workpiece;

[0007] S2, the shaft part of the workpiece is separated from the positioning part, then the workpiece is flipped so that the back surface of the workpiece faces upward, the workpiece is moved so that the circular hole on the workpiece is inserted into the fixing part of the machining assembly, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench of the machining assembly, and then the back surface of the workpiece is machined with the side wall of the lowest part of the shaft part of the workpiece as the reference;

[0008] S3, then the machined workpiece is separated from the fixing part, the workpiece is flipped so that the front surface of the workpiece faces upward, and then the circular hole on the workpiece is inserted into the fixing part of the machining assembly until the planar part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench of the machining assembly, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench of the machining assembly, and at this time the shaft part of the workpiece can be machined with the workbench of the machining assembly as the reference;

[0009] S4, then the workpiece is separated from the fixing part so that the workpiece can be flipped, so that the back surface of the workpiece faces upward, and then the circular hole on the workpiece is inserted into the fixing part until the planar part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench of the machining assembly, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench of the machining assembly, and at this time the shaft part of the workpiece can be machined with the workbench of the machining assembly as the reference.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, when in use, the front surface of the workpiece blank is upward, and the workpiece is moved so that the shaft part of the workpiece is located directly above the positioning part, then the positioning part is moved downward so that the positioning part is inserted into the shaft part of the workpiece, until the plane part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench, at this time, the side wall of the positioning part abuts against the inner wall of the shaft part of the workpiece, thereby limiting the workpiece, so that the workpiece cannot move on the workbench, the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench is realized, then two circular holes are processed through the plane part of the workpiece. The workpiece with the circular holes is pulled upward out of the positioning part, then the workpiece is turned over so that the back surface of the workpiece is upward, then the workpiece is moved to be directly above the fixing part, and the circular holes are aligned with the fixing part, then the workpiece is moved downward until the fixing part is inserted into the circular holes, at this time, the fixing part cooperates with the circular holes to limit the movement of the workpiece, the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench is realized, so that the back surface of the workpiece can be processed based on the side wall of the shaft part of the workpiece at this time,

[0011] Then the workpiece is moved upward to be separated from the fixing part, then the workpiece is turned over so that the front surface of the workpiece is upward, then the fixing part is inserted into the circular holes until the plane part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench, at this time, the shaft part of the workpiece is processed based on the workbench. When the front surface of the shaft part of the workpiece is processed, the workpiece is moved upward to be separated from the fixing part, then the workpiece is turned over so that the back surface of the workpiece is upward, at this time, the workpiece is moved so that the circular holes are aligned with the fixing part and are inserted, until the plane part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench, so that the back surface of the shaft part of the workpiece can be processed based on the workbench, and finally the processing of different positions of the workpiece is completed. In this process, only one processing assembly is needed, and the workpiece only needs to be carried and the position of the workpiece only needs to be adjusted, so that the processing of different positions of the workpiece can be completed, without the need to replace and carry multiple processing assemblies, and the operation is convenient.

[0012] Optionally, the processing assembly comprises a workbench, a positioning part and a fixing part, the positioning part is arranged on the workbench and is used for limiting the shaft part of the workpiece, and the fixing part is arranged on the workbench and is used for limiting the plane part of the workpiece.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the shaft part of the workpiece is aligned with the positioning part and is inserted, so that the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench is realized, thereby facilitating the processing of two circular holes in the plane part of the workpiece. When the workpiece is moved so that the circular holes are aligned with the fixing part and are inserted, the side wall of the fixing part abuts against the inner wall of the circular hole, thereby limiting the translation of the workpiece on the workbench, and the circular holes are two, so that the fixing part limits the two circular holes at the same time, so that the workpiece cannot rotate around the central axis of one of the circular holes, that is, the workpiece cannot move on the workbench, the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench is realized, thereby facilitating the processing of the plane part and the shaft part of the workpiece.

[0014] Optionally, the positioning part comprises a positioning pin vertically arranged, and a mounting hole is formed in the top wall of the workbench, and the bottom end of the positioning pin is adapted to be inserted into the mounting hole, and the shaft part of the workpiece is adapted to be sleeved on the positioning pin.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the bottom end of the positioning pin is adapted to be inserted into the mounting hole, then the front surface of the workpiece blank is upward, and is moved to the top of the positioning pin, so that the shaft part of the workpiece is aligned with the positioning pin, then the workpiece is moved downward, so that the positioning pin is relatively inserted into the shaft part of the workpiece, when the workpiece is moved downward to abut against the workbench, the workbench supports the workpiece, and the side wall of the positioning pin abuts against the inner wall of the shaft part of the workpiece, so as to limit the movement of the workpiece on the workbench, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench, thereby facilitating the machining of the through circular hole on the planar part of the workpiece.

[0016] Optionally, the fixing part comprises three pairs of fixing pins, a pair of limiting holes, a pair of fixing holes and a pair of insertion holes are formed in the top wall of the workbench, and the fixing pins are inserted into the limiting holes, the fixing holes and the insertion holes, and the circular hole on the workpiece is adapted to be inserted into the fixing pins, and the top wall of the workbench is provided with a limiting groove, a fixing groove and an insertion groove for the shaft part of the workpiece to be adapted to be inserted, when the circular hole on the workpiece is aligned with the limiting hole, the limiting groove is used to store the shaft part of the workpiece, when the circular hole on the workpiece is aligned with the fixing hole, the fixing groove is used to store the shaft part of the workpiece, and when the circular hole on the workpiece is aligned with the insertion hole, the insertion groove is used to store the shaft part of the workpiece.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the workpiece with two circular holes is separated from the positioning pin, the workpiece is turned over, so that the back surface of the workpiece is upward, and then the workpiece is moved, so that the workpiece is moved to the top of the limiting hole, and the circular hole is aligned with the limiting hole, then the workpiece is moved downward, so that the fixing pin of the limiting hole is relatively inserted into the circular hole, until the shaft part of the workpiece abuts against the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove, at this time, the planar part of the workpiece leaves a gap with the workbench, the fixing pin limits the movement of the workpiece on the workbench, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench, then the back surface of the workpiece is machined based on the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove. Because the depth of the limiting groove is fixed, and the distance between the end wall of the shaft part of the workpiece and the planar part of the workpiece has machining error, at this time, the planar part of the workpiece does not contact the workbench, but is machined based on one of the surfaces, that is, the surface abutting against the limiting groove, thereby improving the machining precision.

[0018] Then the workpiece is moved upward, the shaft part of the workpiece is separated from the limiting groove, and the round hole is also separated from the fixing groove, so that the workpiece can be turned over until the reverse surface of the workpiece faces upward, then the workpiece is moved to the round hole aligning the fixing hole, the workpiece is moved downward, the fixing pin in the fixing hole is inserted into the round hole, the shaft part of the workpiece is inserted into the fixing groove, and the plane part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench, so that the shaft part of the workpiece is machined based on the workbench. After the shaft part of the front surface of the workpiece is machined, the workpiece is continuously moved upward, the shaft part of the workpiece is separated from the fixing groove, the round hole is also separated from the fixing pin, the workpiece is turned over again so that the reverse surface of the workpiece faces upward, the workpiece is moved to the round hole aligning the insertion hole, then the workpiece is moved downward, the fixing pin in the insertion hole is inserted into the round hole, and the shaft part of the workpiece is inserted into the insertion groove, so that the shaft part of the reverse surface of the workpiece is machined based on the workbench, thereby realizing the overall machining of the workpiece, that is, realizing the assembly line machining of the workpiece on the workbench, without the need of using multiple toolings and carrying out replacement and carrying, and the operation is convenient.

[0019] Optionally, the positioning part comprises a positioning rod, the positioning rod is vertically arranged, and a support plate is detachably connected to the bottom end of the positioning rod, and the support plate is arranged on the workbench, and the shaft part of the workpiece can be fitted on the positioning rod.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the workpiece is moved to the top of the positioning rod, the shaft part of the workpiece is aligned with the positioning rod and inserted, and then the workpiece is moved downward to abut against the support plate, so that the positioning rod plays a limiting role on the workpiece, thereby realizing the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench, and facilitating the machining of two upper and lower through round holes on the plane part of the workpiece.

[0021] Optionally, the workbench is provided with an accommodating groove for inserting the shaft part of the workpiece, the support plate is fitted in the accommodating groove, the accommodating groove is provided with an adjusting assembly, the support plate is connected with the adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly is rotated to drive the support plate to move up and down in the accommodating groove, the fixing part comprises two fixing rods, the top wall of the workbench is provided with two accommodating holes, the two fixing rods are respectively inserted into the corresponding accommodating holes, the accommodating holes and the accommodating groove are communicated through a connecting groove, the two fixing rods are connected with the support plate through a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly is arranged in the connecting groove, and the support plate is moved to drive the connecting assembly to drive the fixing rods to move up and down in the accommodating holes.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, in the initial state, the fixing rod is completely accommodated in the accommodating hole, and the supporting plate is flush with the top wall of the workbench; after two round holes are formed on the planar part of the workpiece, the two round holes are aligned with the accommodating hole, the adjusting assembly is rotated to drive the supporting plate to move downward in the accommodating groove, thereby driving the workpiece to move downward, and at the same time, the supporting plate moves downward, the driving connection assembly drives the fixing rod to move upward in the accommodating hole, thereby making the fixing rod protrude from the top of the accommodating hole, i.e., protrude from the top wall of the workbench, and the fixing rod is inserted in the fixing hole in a natural manner; at this time, the positioning rod is detached from the supporting plate, thereby facilitating the machining of the shaft part of the workpiece. Then, the workpiece is moved upward to make the shaft part of the workpiece move away from the accommodating groove, and the round hole moves away from the fixing rod; then, the workpiece is turned over to make the surface to be machined of the workpiece face upward; then, the workpiece is moved downward to make the shaft part of the workpiece reinserted in the accommodating groove, and the fixing rod is reinserted in the round hole, thereby realizing the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench, and facilitating the machining of other surfaces of the workpiece. The position of the supporting plate in the accommodating groove is adjustable, so that when the planar part of the workpiece abuts against the workbench, the adjusting assembly is used to make the supporting plate always abut against the end wall of the shaft part of the workpiece, thereby being capable of supporting and positioning the workpiece whose distance from the end wall of the shaft part to the planar part of the workpiece is not equal due to machining errors, improving the stability of the workpiece placed on the workbench, and thereby improving the machining precision of the workpiece.

[0023] Optionally, a guide block is arranged on the side wall of the supporting plate, a guide groove is formed in the inner wall of the accommodating groove in the vertical direction, and the guide block is inserted in the guide groove and can move in the guide groove.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, when the adjusting assembly drives the supporting plate to move upward and downward, the guide block moves in the guide groove, the inner wall of the guide groove abuts against the side wall of the guide block, and the guide block is limited and guided, so that the supporting plate always maintains a horizontal state during the movement and is not easy to deviate, thereby increasing the stability of the movement of the supporting plate.

[0025] Optionally, the adjusting assembly comprises a rotating rod, a rotating bevel gear, a transmission bevel gear and a transmission rod, a placing groove is formed in the inner wall of the accommodating groove, the rotating rod is vertically arranged in the placing groove, and the end of the rotating rod is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the placing groove, a connecting lug is fixed to the side wall of the supporting plate, the connecting lug is inserted in the placing groove and is sleeved on the rotating rod, the connecting lug is threadedly connected to the rotating rod, the rotating bevel gear is coaxially sleeved on the rotating rod and is fixed to the rotating rod, the transmission bevel gear is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the placing groove and is engaged with the rotating bevel gear, and one end of the transmission rod is coaxially fixed to the transmission bevel gear, and the other end of the transmission rod protrudes from the workbench.

[0026] By adopting the technical scheme, the driving transmission rod is driven to rotate, the driving bevel gear is driven to rotate, the rotating bevel gear is driven to rotate, the rotating rod is driven to rotate, the connecting ear is driven to rotate around the central axis of the rotating rod, the circumferential side wall of the support plate abuts against the inner wall of the accommodating groove, the connecting ear is limited to rotate around the central axis of the rotating rod, and the connecting ear drives the support plate to move along the length direction of the rotating rod, so that the height of the support plate in the accommodating groove is adjusted.

[0027] Optionally, the connecting assembly comprises a transmission belt, a connecting rod and a linkage rod, the transmission belt comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a transmission belt, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged above and below and are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove, the transmission belt is sleeved on the driving wheel and the driven wheel, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to the support plate, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to one side wall of the transmission belt, the two fixing rods are fixedly connected to the linkage rod, the linkage rod is fixed to the other side wall of the transmission belt, and the transmission belt is moved to drive the connecting rod and the linkage rod to move in opposite directions.

[0028] By adopting the technical scheme, when the support plate moves downward in the accommodating groove, the connecting rod drives the transmission belt to move, thereby driving the linkage rod to move upward, driving the two fixing rods to move upward at the same time, until the fixing rods extend out of the top of the accommodating hole, so that the fixing rods can be inserted into the circular holes to limit the movement of the workpiece,

[0029] Optionally, a support hole is formed in the top wall of the support plate, the bottom end of the positioning rod can be inserted into the support hole, a rubber block is arranged on the inner wall of the support hole, and a clamping groove for inserting the rubber block is formed in the side wall of the positioning rod.

[0030] By adopting the technical scheme, when the bottom end of the positioning rod is inserted into the support hole, the bottom wall of the positioning rod abuts against the rubber block and exerts a pressing force on the rubber block, at this time, the rubber block is deformed, so that the positioning rod can pass through the rubber block, when the clamping groove moves to the position of the rubber block, the rubber block loses the pressing force and restores the deformation, so that the rubber block is inserted into the clamping groove, at this time, the bottom wall of the positioning rod also abuts against the inner bottom wall of the support hole, the side wall of the rubber block abuts against the inner wall of the clamping groove, and the rubber block plays a limiting role, so that the positioning rod is not easy to be pulled out of the support hole without external force. When it is necessary to disassemble the positioning rod, the inner wall of the clamping groove exerts a pressing force on the rubber block, so that the rubber block is deformed, facilitating the positioning rod to be pulled out of the support hole, and the positioning rod is disassembled, which is convenient to operate.

[0031] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1, the workpiece shaft part is aligned with the positioning part and inserted, the workpiece on the workbench can be positioned, so as to facilitate the machining of two round holes in the plane part of the workpiece. When the workpiece moves to make the round holes align with the fixed part and insert, the side wall of the fixed part abuts against the inner wall of the round hole, limiting the translation of the workpiece on the workbench, and the two round holes are limited by the fixed part at the same time, so that the workpiece cannot rotate around the central axis of one of the round holes, that is, the workpiece cannot move on the workbench, realizing the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench, facilitating the machining of the plane part and the shaft part of the workpiece;

[0033] 2, the bottom end of the positioning pin is inserted in the mounting hole, then the front of the workpiece blank is upward, and it is moved to the top of the positioning pin, so that the shaft part of the workpiece aligns with the positioning pin, then the workpiece is moved downward, so that the positioning pin is inserted in the shaft part of the workpiece, when the workpiece is moved downward to abut against the workbench, the workbench supports the workpiece, and the side wall of the positioning pin abuts against the inner wall of the shaft part of the workpiece, limiting the movement of the workpiece on the workbench, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench, facilitating the machining of the through round hole in the plane part of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the position relationship between the workpiece and the machining assembly in embodiment one of the application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the machining assembly in embodiment one of the application;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the position relationship between the workpiece and the machining assembly in embodiment two of the application;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the machining assembly in embodiment two of the application;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structure sectional view of the workbench in embodiment two of the application;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the internal structure of the workbench in embodiment two of the application.

[0040] In the figure: 10, processing assembly; 11, workbench; 111, mounting hole; 112, limiting hole; 113, fixing hole; 114, insertion hole; 115, limiting groove; 116, fixing groove; 117, insertion groove; 118, containing hole; 119, containing groove; 12, positioning part; 121, positioning pin; 122, positioning rod; 1221, clamping groove; 13, fixing part; 131, fixing pin; 132, fixing rod; 20, support plate; 21, connecting lug; 22, guide block; 23, support hole; 231, rubber block; 30, guide groove; 40, adjusting assembly; 41, rotating rod; 42, rotating bevel gear; 43, transmission bevel gear; 44, transmission rod; 50, placing groove; 60, connecting groove; 70, connecting assembly; 71, transmission belt; 72, connecting rod; 73, linkage rod; 711, driving wheel; 712, driven wheel; 713, conveyor belt; 80, plane part; 90, shaft part; 91, positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-6 The application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiment one:

[0043] The embodiment of the application discloses a four-axis tool processing method, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1, insert the positioning pin 121 into the mounting hole 111 of the processing assembly 10, then make the front surface of the workpiece face upward, so that the positioning hole 91 of the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is aligned with the positioning pin 121 for insertion, to realize the positioning of the workpiece on the processing assembly 10, and then process two through circular holes on the plane part 80 of the workpiece,

[0045] S2, insert the fixing pin 131 into the limiting hole 112 of the processing assembly 10, then first separate the workpiece from the positioning pin 121, turn over the workpiece so that the back surface of the workpiece faces upward, then align the circular hole on the workpiece with the limiting hole 112, and move the workpiece downward so that the fixing pin 131 is inserted, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is inserted into the limiting groove 115 in the process, until the workpiece contacts the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove 115, and process the back surface of the workpiece based on the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove 115 as the reference;

[0046] S3, insert the fixing pin 131 into the fixing hole 113 of the processing assembly 10, then first separate the workpiece from the limiting groove 115, turn over the workpiece so that the front surface of the workpiece faces upward, then align the circular hole on the workpiece with the fixing hole 113, so that the fixing pin 131 is inserted, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is inserted into the fixing groove 116 in the process, until the plane part 80 of the workpiece abuts against the workbench 11 of the processing assembly 10, and process the shaft part 90 of the workpiece based on the workbench 11 of the processing assembly 10 as the reference;

[0047] S4, insert the fixing pin 131 into the insertion hole 114 of the machining assembly 10, then first separate the workpiece from the fixing groove 116, turn over the workpiece so that the reverse side of the workpiece faces upward, then align the round hole on the workpiece with the insertion hole 114, so that the fixing pin 131 is inserted, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is inserted into the insertion slot 117 in the process, until the workpiece flat part 80 abuts against the workbench 11 of the machining assembly 10, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is machined based on the workbench 11 of the machining assembly 10.

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A four-axis tooling for machining a workpiece, comprising a machining assembly 10, the machining assembly 10 comprising a workbench 11, a positioning part 12 and a fixing part 13, the workbench 11 is horizontally placed, the positioning part 12 and the fixing part 13 are both located on the workbench 11, the positioning part 12 comprises a positioning pin 121, a mounting hole 111 is formed in the top wall of the workbench 11, the mounting hole 111 is a square hole, the positioning pin 121 can be adaptively inserted into the mounting hole 111,

[0049] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The workpiece comprises a flat part 80 and a shaft part 90, taking the flat part 80 as an example, the shaft part 90 is fixedly connected with the flat part 80, the shaft part 90 is vertically arranged, and a positioning hole 91 is formed through the top wall of the shaft part 90, wherein the positioning hole 91 is a square hole and can be adaptively sleeved on the positioning pin 121.

[0050] In use, the bottom end of the positioning pin 121 is adaptively inserted into the mounting hole 111, then the front surface of the workpiece blank is upwardly arranged and moved to the top of the positioning pin 121, that is, the positioning hole 91 is aligned with the positioning pin 121, then the workpiece is moved downwardly so that the positioning pin 121 is relatively inserted into the shaft part 90 of the workpiece, when the workpiece is moved downwardly to abut against the workbench 11, the workbench 11 supports the workpiece, and the side wall of the positioning pin 121 abuts against the inner wall of the shaft part 90 of the workpiece, thereby limiting the movement of the workpiece on the workbench 11, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench 11, thereby facilitating the machining of the through round hole on the flat part 80 of the workpiece.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fixing part 13 comprises three pairs of fixing pins 131, a pair of limiting holes 112, a pair of fixing holes 113 and a pair of insertion holes 114 are formed in the top wall of the workbench 11, the three pairs of fixing pins 131 are respectively inserted into the limiting holes 112, the fixing holes 113 and the insertion holes 114, and the round hole on the workpiece can be adaptively sleeved on the fixing pin 131. The top wall of the workbench 11 is also provided with a limiting slot 115, a fixing groove 116 and an insertion slot 117 for inserting the shaft part 90, the limiting slot 115 corresponds to the pair of limiting holes 112, the fixing groove 116 corresponds to the pair of fixing holes 113, and the insertion slot 117 corresponds to the pair of insertion holes 114.

[0052] When the workpiece with two round holes is pulled out of the positioning pin 121, the workpiece is turned over so that the reverse surface of the workpiece faces upward, and the workpiece is moved so that the workpiece moves above the limiting hole 112 and the round hole is aligned with the limiting hole 112, and then the workpiece is moved downward so that the fixing pin 131 of the limiting hole 112 is inserted into the round hole, until the shaft part 90 of the workpiece abuts against the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove 115, at this time, the plane part 80 of the workpiece leaves a gap with the workbench 11, the fixing pin 131 limits the movement of the workpiece on the workbench 11, so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench 11, and then the reverse surface of the workpiece is processed based on the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove 115. Because the depth of the limiting groove 115 is fixed, and the distance between the end wall of the shaft part 90 of the workpiece and the plane part 80 of the workpiece has a processing error, at this time, the plane part 80 of the workpiece does not contact the workbench 11, but is processed based on one of the surfaces, that is, the surface abutting against the limiting groove 115 of the shaft part 90 of the workpiece, thereby improving the processing precision.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Then the workpiece is moved upward so that the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is pulled out of the limiting groove 115, and the round hole is also pulled out of the fixing pin 131, so that the workpiece can be turned over, until the front surface of the workpiece faces upward, and then the workpiece is moved so that the round hole is aligned with the fixing hole 113, the workpiece is moved downward, so that the fixing pin 131 in the fixing hole 113 is inserted into the round hole, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is adapted to be inserted into the fixing groove 116, until the plane part 80 of the workpiece abuts against the workbench 11, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is processed based on the workbench 11.

[0054] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 After the shaft part 90 of the front surface of the workpiece is processed, the workpiece is continuously moved upward so that the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is pulled out of the fixing groove 116, and the round hole is also pulled out of the fixing pin 131, the workpiece is turned over again so that the reverse surface of the workpiece faces upward, the workpiece is moved so that the round hole is aligned with the insertion hole 114, and then the workpiece is moved downward so that the fixing pin 131 in the insertion hole 114 is inserted into the round hole, and the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is adapted to be inserted into the insertion groove 117, and the shaft part 90 of the reverse surface of the workpiece is processed based on the workbench 11, thereby realizing the overall processing of the workpiece, that is, realizing the assembly line processing of the workpiece on the workbench 11, without using multiple toolings and carrying out replacement and transportation, and the operation is convenient.

[0055] The implementation principle of the four-axis tool machining method of the embodiment one is as follows: during machining, the positioning pin 121 is inserted into the mounting hole 111, the workpiece is moved so that the front surface of the workpiece faces upward, the shaft part 90 positioning hole 91 is aligned with the positioning pin 121 and is inserted, and two round holes are machined on the plane part 80. Then, the circular fixing pin 131 is inserted into the limiting hole 112, the back surface of the workpiece faces upward, the two round holes machined in the previous step are respectively sleeved on the two fixing pins 131, the workpiece is positioned in this way, and the shaft part 90 is inserted into the limiting groove 115, at this time, the workpiece is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove 115, and the inner bottom wall of the limiting groove 115 is used as a reference to machine the back surface of the workpiece. Then, the fixing pin 131 is also inserted into the fixing hole 113. The front surface of the workpiece faces upward, the round hole is sleeved on the fixing pin 131, at this time, the back surface of the plane part 80 is in contact with the workbench 11, the shaft part 90 is not in contact with the inner bottom wall of the fixing groove 116, the shaft part 90 is positioned by the fixing pin 131, and the back surface of the plane part 80 is used as a reference to machine the shaft part 90. Finally, the fixing pin 131 is also inserted into the insertion hole 114, the back surface of the workpiece faces upward, the round hole is sleeved on the fixing pin 131, at this time, the front surface of the plane part 80 is in contact with the workbench 11, and the shaft part 90 is not in contact with the inner bottom wall of the insertion groove 117, the shaft part 90 is positioned by the fixing pin 131, and the front surface of the plane part 80 is used as a reference to machine the shaft part 90.

[0056] The positioning pin 121 and the fixing pin 131 are installed in place before machining, the positioning pin 121 and the fixing pin 131 do not need to be operated when the workpiece is replaced, the four workpieces in different states can be machined at the same time after the workpiece is installed on the workbench 11 each time, after machining is completed, the finished workpiece machined in the fourth step is taken out, the workpiece machined in the third step is transferred to the fourth step, the workpiece machined in the second step is transferred to the third step, the workpiece machined in the first step is transferred to the second step, and the blank is placed on the first step, forming a flow line machining mode.

[0057] Embodiment two:

[0058] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment one is that, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The positioning part 12 comprises a positioning rod 122, the positioning rod 122 is a square rod and can be inserted into the positioning hole 91, the positioning rod 122 is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the positioning rod 122 is connected with a support plate 20, the support plate 20 is horizontally arranged on the workbench 11, a square support hole 23 is formed in the top wall of the support plate 20, the bottom end of the positioning rod 122 is inserted into the support hole 23 in a matched mode, a rubber block 231 is fixed on the inner wall of the support hole 23, a clamping groove 1221 is formed in the side wall of the positioning rod 122, and the rubber block 231 is inserted into the clamping groove 1221.

[0059] When processing, the bottom end of the positioning rod 122 is inserted into the supporting hole 23, the bottom wall of the positioning rod 122 abuts against the rubber block 231, and the rubber block 231 is subjected to extrusion force, at this time, the rubber block 231 is deformed, so that the positioning rod 122 can pass through the rubber block 231, when the clamping groove 1221 moves to the rubber block 231, the rubber block 231 loses the extrusion force and restores the deformation, so that the rubber block 231 is inserted into the clamping groove 1221, achieving the installation of the positioning rod 122 on the supporting plate 20. Then the workpiece is moved to the top of the positioning rod 122 with the front face upward, so that the positioning hole 91 of the shaft part 90 is aligned with the positioning rod 122 and is inserted, until the workpiece is lowered to abut against the supporting plate 20, the positioning rod 122 limits the workpiece, achieving the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench 11, so as to facilitate the processing of two through circular holes on the planar part 80 of the workpiece.

[0060] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the top wall of the workbench 11 is provided with an accommodating groove 119, the supporting plate 20 is located in the accommodating groove 119, and the circumferential side wall of the supporting plate 20 abuts against the inner wall of the accommodating groove 119. The accommodating groove 119 is provided with an adjusting assembly 40, the supporting plate 20 is connected with the adjusting assembly 40, and the adjusting assembly 40 is used for driving the supporting plate 20 to move up and down. The adjusting assembly 40 comprises a rotating rod 41, a rotating bevel gear 42, a transmission bevel gear 43 and a transmission rod 44. The inner wall of the accommodating groove 119 is provided with a placing groove 50 in the vertical direction, the rotating rod 41 is vertically inserted into the placing groove 50, and the end of the rotating rod 41 is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the placing groove 50. The side wall of the supporting plate 20 is integrally formed with a connecting lug 21 which is inserted into the placing groove 50 and is sleeved on the rotating rod 41, and the connecting lug 21 is threadedly connected with the rotating rod 41. The rotating bevel gear 42 is coaxially sleeved on the rotating rod 41 and is fixed with the rotating rod 41. The transmission bevel gear 43 is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the placing groove 50 and is engaged with the rotating bevel gear 42. One end of the transmission rod 44 is coaxially fixed with the transmission bevel gear 43, and the other end of the transmission rod 44 extends out of the workbench 11. The side wall of the supporting plate 20 is fixed with a guide block 22, and the inner wall of the accommodating groove 119 is provided with a guide groove 30 in the vertical direction. The guide block 22 is inserted into the guide groove 30 and can move in the guide groove 30.

[0061] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the fixing part 13 comprises two fixing rods 132, and the top wall of the workbench 11 is provided with two accommodating holes 118. The two fixing rods 132 are respectively inserted into the corresponding accommodating holes 118. With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6The accommodating hole 118 and the accommodating groove 119 are communicated through the connecting groove 60, and the connecting groove 60 is provided with a connecting assembly 70, the connecting assembly 70 connects the support plate 20 and the fixing rod 132, when the support plate 20 moves, the connecting assembly 70 drives the fixing rod 132 to move in the accommodating hole 118. The connecting assembly 70 comprises a transmission belt 71, a connecting rod 72 and a linkage rod 73, the transmission belt 71 comprises a driving wheel 711, a driven wheel 712 and a transmission belt 713, the driving wheel 711 is located directly above the driven wheel 712, and both are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove 60, the transmission belt 713 is sleeved on the driving wheel 711 and the driven wheel 712, one end of the connecting rod 72 is fixed with the support plate 20, the other end is fixed with one side wall of the transmission belt 713, both fixing rods 132 are fixedly connected with the linkage rod 73, and the linkage rod 73 is fixed with the other side wall of the transmission belt 713.

[0062] In the initial state, the fixing rod 132 is completely accommodated in the accommodating hole 118, and the support plate 20 is flush with the top wall of the workbench 11. After the circular hole is machined on the plane part 80, the positioning rod 122 is first moved upward, so that the inner wall of the clamping groove 1221 extrudes the rubber block 231, the rubber block 231 is deformed, the positioning rod 122 is conveniently separated from the supporting hole 23, and the disassembly of the positioning rod 122 is realized. Then the transmission rod 44 is driven to rotate, so that the transmission bevel gear 43 rotates, thereby driving the rotating bevel gear 42 to rotate and driving the rotating rod 41 to rotate, because the connecting lug 21 is threadedly connected with the rotating rod 41, the connecting lug 21 drives the support plate 20 to move along the length direction of the rotating rod 41, and the workpiece is placed on the support plate 20, thereby driving the shaft part 90 to move in the accommodating groove 119, and the guide block 22 moves in the guide groove 30 in the process, so that the stability of the movement of the support plate 20 is improved.

[0063] With reference to Figure 3 And Figure 5 When the rotating rod 41 drives the support plate 20 to move downward in the accommodating groove 119, the connecting rod 72 drives the transmission belt 713 to move, thereby driving the linkage rod 73 to move upward, that is, driving the two fixing rods 132 to move upward at the same time, until the fixing rod 132 protrudes from the top of the accommodating hole 118, that is, protrudes from the top wall of the workbench 11, so that the fixing rod 132 can be inserted into the circular hole, and the movement of the workpiece is limited, thereby facilitating the machining of the shaft part 90 of the workpiece.

[0064] Then the workpiece is moved upwards, the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is extracted from the accommodating groove 119, and the circular hole is extracted from the fixing rod 132, then the workpiece is turned over, the surface to be machined of the workpiece faces upwards, and then the workpiece is moved downwards, the shaft part 90 of the workpiece is inserted into the accommodating groove 119 again, and the fixing rod 132 is also inserted into the circular hole again, so that the positioning of the workpiece on the workbench 11 is realized, and then the machining of other surfaces of the workpiece is facilitated. The position of the supporting plate 20 in the accommodating groove 119 is adjustable, so that when the planar part 80 of the workpiece abuts against the workbench 11, the supporting plate 20 can always abut against the end wall of the shaft part 90 of the workpiece by means of the adjusting assembly 40, so that the workpiece whose distance from the end wall of the shaft part 90 to the planar part 80 is not equal due to machining errors can be supported and positioned, the stability of the workpiece placed on the workbench 11 is improved, and then the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.

[0065] Meanwhile, when the workpiece with the circular hole is positioned, three groups of regions for positioning and installing the workpiece on the workbench 11 are not needed, so that the occupied space of the whole machining assembly 10 is small, and the machining assembly 10 is convenient to store.

[0066] The implementation principle of the four-axis tool machining method of the second embodiment of the present application is as follows: during machining, the bottom end of the positioning rod 122 is inserted into the supporting hole 23, the rubber block 231 is inserted into the clamping groove 1221, and the positioning rod 122 is installed on the supporting plate 20. Then the workpiece is moved to the upper side of the positioning rod 122 with the front surface facing upwards, the positioning hole 91 of the shaft part 90 is aligned with the positioning rod 122 and is inserted into the positioning hole 91, the workpiece is positioned on the workbench 11, and then the two circular holes penetrating through the upper and lower surfaces of the planar part 80 of the workpiece are machined.

[0067] Then the positioning rod 122 is moved upwards, the positioning rod 122 is extracted from the supporting hole 23, the transmission rod 44 is rotated, the transmission bevel gear 43 drives the rotating bevel gear 42 to rotate, the rotating rod 41 is driven to rotate, the supporting plate 20 is moved downwards in the accommodating groove 119, and the shaft part 90 is placed on the supporting plate 20, so that the supporting plate 20 is inserted into the accommodating groove 119. During the movement of the supporting plate 20, the connecting rod 72 drives the transmission belt 713 to move, the linkage rod 73 is driven to move upwards at the same time, the two fixing rods 132 are moved upwards at the same time, the fixing rod 132 is extracted from the top of the accommodating hole 118 and is inserted into the circular hole, the workpiece is positioned, and then the workpiece is machined.

[0068] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, so that: any equivalent changes made on the basis of the structure, shape and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of four-axis tooling machining, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the front of the workpiece is upwards, the workpiece is driven to move, the shaft part (90) of the workpiece is inserted into the positioning part (12) of the machining assembly (10), so that the workpiece is positioned and installed on the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10), and then two round holes are machined through the planar part (80) of the workpiece; S2, the shaft part (90) of the workpiece is separated from the positioning part (12), then the workpiece is turned over, the back of the workpiece is upwards, the workpiece is moved, the round hole on the workpiece is inserted into the fixing part (13) of the machining assembly (10), so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10), and then the back of the workpiece is machined based on the side wall of the lowest part of the shaft part (90) of the workpiece at this time; S3, then the workpiece is separated from the fixing part (13), the workpiece is turned over, the front of the workpiece is upwards, the round hole on the workpiece is inserted into the fixing part (13) of the machining assembly (10), until the planar part (80) of the workpiece abuts against the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10), so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10), and at this time, the shaft part (90) of the workpiece can be machined based on the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10); S4, then the workpiece is separated from the fixing part (13), so that the workpiece can be turned over, the back of the workpiece is upwards, the round hole on the workpiece is inserted into the fixing part (13), until the planar part (80) of the workpiece abuts against the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10), so that the workpiece is positioned on the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10), and at this time, the shaft part (90) of the workpiece can be machined based on the workbench (11) of the machining assembly (10); The machining assembly (10) comprises a workbench (11), a positioning part (12) and a fixing part (13), the positioning part (12) is arranged on the workbench (11) and is used for limiting the shaft part (90) of the workpiece, and the fixing part (13) is arranged on the workbench (11) and is used for limiting the planar part (80) of the workpiece; The positioning part (12) comprises a positioning rod (122), the positioning rod (122) is vertically arranged, a support plate (20) is detachably connected to the bottom end of the positioning rod (122), the support plate (20) is arranged on the workbench (11), and the shaft part (90) of the workpiece can be fitted on the positioning rod (122). The workbench (11) is provided with a containing groove (119) for inserting the shaft part (90) of the workpiece, the supporting plate (20) is inserted into the containing groove (119), the containing groove (119) is provided with an adjusting assembly (40), the supporting plate (20) is connected with the adjusting assembly (40), the adjusting assembly (40) rotates to drive the supporting plate (20) to move up and down in the containing groove (119), the fixing part (13) comprises two fixing rods (132), the workbench (11) is provided with two containing holes (118) on the top wall, the two fixing rods (132) are respectively inserted into the corresponding containing holes (118), the containing holes (118) and the containing groove (119) are communicated through a connecting groove (60), the two fixing rods (132) are connected with the supporting plate (20) through a connecting assembly (70), the connecting assembly (70) is arranged in the connecting groove (60), and the supporting plate (20) moves to drive the connecting assembly (70) to drive the fixing rod (132) to move up and down in the containing hole (118).

2. The four-axis tooling machining method of claim 1, wherein, The side wall of the supporting plate (20) is provided with a guide block (22), the inner wall of the containing groove (119) is provided with a guide groove (30) in the vertical direction, the guide block (22) is inserted into the guide groove (30) and can move in the guide groove (30).

3. The four-axis tooling machining method of claim 1, wherein, The adjusting assembly (40) comprises a rotating rod (41), a rotating bevel gear (42), a transmission bevel gear (43) and a transmission rod (44), the inner wall of the containing groove (119) is provided with a placing groove (50), the rotating rod (41) is vertically arranged in the placing groove (50), and the end of the rotating rod (41) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the placing groove (50), the side wall of the supporting plate (20) is fixedly provided with a connecting lug (21), the connecting lug (21) is inserted into the placing groove (50) and is sleeved on the rotating rod (41), the connecting lug (21) is threadedly connected with the rotating rod (41), the rotating bevel gear (42) is coaxially sleeved on the rotating rod (41) and is fixed with the rotating rod (41), the transmission bevel gear (43) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the placing groove (50) and is engaged with the rotating bevel gear (42), one end of the transmission rod (44) is fixed coaxially with the transmission bevel gear (43), and the other end extends out of the workbench (11).

4. The four-axis tooling machining method of claim 1, wherein, The connecting assembly (70) comprises a transmission belt (71), a connecting rod (72) and a linkage rod (73), the transmission belt (71) comprises a driving wheel (711), a driven wheel (712) and a transmission belt (713), the driving wheel (711) and the driven wheel (712) are arranged in pairs and are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove (60), the transmission belt (713) is sleeved on the driving wheel (711) and the driven wheel (712), one end of the connecting rod (72) is fixedly connected to the supporting plate (20), the other end is fixedly connected to one side wall of the transmission belt (713), the two fixing rods (132) are fixedly connected to the linkage rod (73), the linkage rod (73) is fixedly connected to the other side wall of the transmission belt (713), and the transmission belt (713) is moved to drive the connecting rod (72) and the linkage rod (73) to move in opposite directions.

5. The four-axis tooling process of claim 1, wherein, A supporting hole (23) is formed in the top wall of the supporting plate (20), the bottom end of the positioning rod (122) is adapted to be inserted into the supporting hole (23), a rubber block (231) is arranged on the inner wall of the supporting hole (23), and a clamping groove (1221) is formed in the side wall of the positioning rod (122) and used for inserting the rubber block (231).

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