A feeding and unloading device and method for a suction vehicle and a suction vehicle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a feeding and unloading device and method for a suction truck, and the suction truck. The device comprises a carriage with a suction port, a liftable paving and unloading module, a material level detection module, a position sensor, and a controller. The liftable paving and unloading module is disposed on the carriage and electrically connected to the controller. The material level detection module is electrically connected to the controller and transmits the material level at a preset position in the carriage to the controller. The position sensor is electrically connected to the controller and transmits the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage to the controller. Based on the received material level and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, the controller controls the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module, spreading material accumulated below the suction port on the carriage toward both sides of the carriage and adjusting the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage. The present invention can solve the problem of difficulty in filling a carriage with materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to a feeding and unloading device and method for a suction vehicle, and the suction vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A suction truck is a vehicle that extracts and removes materials from a specific area and can be used in geological disaster rescue operations. Conventional mechanical removal of buried materials during geological disaster soil burial rescue operations can easily cause secondary damage, while manual cleanup with handheld tools or bare hands is inefficient, labor-intensive, and poses safety risks. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a series of water-containing soil removal equipment suitable for the non-destructive and efficient removal of covering materials at geological disaster or ditch collapse rescue sites and in confined underground spaces.

[0003] When traditional suction trucks are sucking materials, they tend to accumulate in the area below the suction port. Due to the cohesive nature of the materials, it is difficult for them to fill the surrounding areas of the truck compartment, resulting in wasted space. Furthermore, traditional suction trucks have slow unloading speeds, and the materials easily stick to the truck compartment walls, affecting work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a loading and unloading device and method for a suction truck, and a suction truck, which can solve the problem that it is difficult to fill the truck compartment with materials.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a feeding and unloading device for a suction truck, comprising a carriage provided with a suction port, a liftable paving and unloading module, a material level detection module, a position sensor, and a controller;

[0007] The liftable paving and unloading module is arranged on the carriage and is electrically connected to the controller;

[0008] The material level detection module is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send the monitored material level heights at various preset positions in the carriage to the controller;

[0009] The position sensor is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send the monitored relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage to the controller;

[0010] The controller is used to control the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module based on the received material level height and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, to spread the material accumulated below the suction port on the carriage to both sides of the carriage, and to adjust the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage.

[0011] Optionally, the liftable paving and unloading module includes an upper scraper, a lower scraper, a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder;

[0012] The upper scraper is slidably connected to the carriage;

[0013] The lower scraper is slidably connected to the upper scraper;

[0014] One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the carriage, and the other end is connected to the upper scraper, and is used to drive the liftable paving and unloading module to move in the horizontal direction;

[0015] One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper scraper, and the other end is connected to the lower scraper, and is used to adjust the relative height between the lower end of the lower scraper and the bottom of the carriage.

[0016] Optionally, the material level detection module includes a material level sensor 1, a material level sensor 2 and a material level sensor 3;

[0017] The material level sensor 1 is provided at the front end of the carriage and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated at the front end of the carriage;

[0018] The material level sensor 2 is provided at the rear end of the carriage and is used to monitor the height of the materials accumulated at the rear end of the carriage;

[0019] The material level sensor 3 is arranged on the wall of the suction port 3 to 5 cm away from the upper end cover of the carriage, and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated below the suction port;

[0020] The position sensor is arranged on the upper scraper and is used to monitor the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage.

[0021] Optionally, the liftable paving and unloading module further includes a second chute and a slide column;

[0022] The second chute is provided on the side of the upper scraper close to the lower scraper;

[0023] The sliding column is arranged on a side of the lower scraper plate close to the upper scraper plate, and is adapted to the second sliding groove, so that the upper scraper plate is slidably connected to the lower scraper plate.

[0024] Optionally, a plurality of staggered pressure relief grooves are provided on one end of the lower scraper close to the bottom of the carriage, and the pressure relief grooves are filled with sweeping brushes.

[0025] Optionally, a pulley is provided on the upper scraper, a slide groove 1 is provided on the inner wall of the carriage, and all the pulleys are arranged in the slide groove 1.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for loading and unloading a suction vehicle, comprising:

[0027] The material level detection module is used to send the monitored material level height at each preset position in the carriage to the controller;

[0028] The relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage is sent to the controller by using a position sensor;

[0029] The controller controls the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module based on the received material level height and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, spreads the material accumulated below the suction port on the carriage to both sides of the carriage, and adjusts the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage.

[0030] Optionally, when the suction truck sucks in materials, the controller adjusts the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage according to the material level height at each preset position in the carriage monitored by the material level sensor, controls the liftable paving and unloading module to move in the horizontal direction, and spreads the materials accumulated below the suction port to both sides of the carriage. As the material level in the carriage continues to rise, the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage is controlled to continue to increase until the liftable paving and unloading module rises to the highest point.

[0031] Optionally, when the suction truck is sucking materials, the relative height H1 between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the vehicle compartment is adjusted to a preset value X;

[0032] After the suction truck starts sucking materials, the materials continue to accumulate below the suction port. When H2-H1>X, the liftable paving and unloading module is controlled to move, and the materials accumulated below the suction port are spread toward the first side of the carriage. The relative height H1 between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage decreases, and the controller stops working. H2 is the height of the materials below the suction port.

[0033] When H2-H1>X appears again, the lifting paving and unloading module is controlled to move again, and the material accumulated under the suction port is spread to the second side of the carriage, and the height of the material is reduced, and this process is repeated;

[0034] When min(H3, H4)>H1, reduce the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, where H3 is the height of the material at the front end of the carriage and H4 is the height of the material at the rear end of the carriage;

[0035] When H1-max(H3,H4)>X, the controller stops working and repeats the above steps until the lifting paving and unloading module reaches the highest position;

[0036] When the liftable paving and unloading module is raised to the highest point, the controller controls the liftable paving and unloading module to slide to the front end of the carriage.

[0037] Optionally, when unloading, the carriage is tilted and the unloading door at the rear of the carriage is opened. Under the action of gravity, the material flows out from the unloading door; at the same time, the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module moves downward and continuously drops to the lowest point. The controller controls the liftable paving unloading module to move toward the rear end of the carriage to quickly unload the material from the carriage.

[0038] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a suction vehicle, comprising the loading and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to any one of the first aspects.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] When the suction truck is sucking materials, the controller adjusts the height between the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage according to the material level detected by the material level sensor module and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage monitored by the position sensor, and controls the liftable paving and unloading module to slide horizontally, spreading the materials accumulated under the suction port to both sides of the carriage, so that the materials fill the carriage and make full use of the space inside the carriage.

[0041] When unloading, the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module is controlled to move downward to the lowest point, and the controller is used to slide the liftable paving unloading module toward the front end of the carriage to quickly unload the material from the carriage, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0042] Several pressure relief grooves are arranged alternately on the lower scraper of the liftable paving and unloading module. The pressure relief grooves are filled with sweeping brushes, which clean the materials and reduce the resistance when pushing the materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:

[0044] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 Shown is a top view of a feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 The figure shows the structure of the liftable paving and unloading module of the present invention;

[0047] In the figure: 1. Carriage, 2. Unloading door, 3. Suction port, 4. Air inlet, 5. Liftable paving and unloading module, 6. First hydraulic cylinder, 7. Chute 1, 8. Material level sensor 1, 9. Material level sensor 2, 10. Material level sensor 3, 11. Position sensor, 5-1. Upper scraper, 5-2. Lower scraper, 5-3. Chute 2, 5-4. Slide column, 5-5. Pressure relief trough, 5-6. Sweep brush, 5-7. Second hydraulic cylinder, 5-8. Pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may also include different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0052] The application principle of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, a feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle is provided, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a carriage 1 with a suction port 3, a liftable paving and unloading module 5, a material level detection module, a position sensor 11 and a controller;

[0055] The liftable paving and unloading module 5 is provided on the carriage 1 and is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is not shown in the figure, and those skilled in the art can set it in a suitable place according to actual needs or practice;

[0056] The material level detection module is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send the monitored material level heights at various preset positions in the carriage 1 to the controller;

[0057] The position sensor 11 is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send the monitored relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 to the controller;

[0058] The controller is used to control the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 based on the received material level height and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1, to spread the material accumulated below the suction port 3 on the carriage 1 to both sides of the carriage 1, and to adjust the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1.

[0059] Based on the feeding and unloading device for the suction truck in the embodiment of the present invention, when the suction truck sucks the material, the controller adjusts the height between the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 according to the height of the material level detected by the material level sensor module, and controls the liftable paving and unloading module 5 to slide left and right, and spreads the material accumulated under the suction port 3 to both sides of the carriage 1, so that the material fills the carriage 1 and fully utilizes the space inside the carriage 1.

[0060] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the carriage 1 is further provided with an air inlet 4. In a specific implementation, the air inlet 4 is provided on the top of the carriage 1, or on the side of the carriage 1. The specific setting can be made according to actual needs.

[0061] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the liftable paving and unloading module 5 includes an upper scraper 5-1, a lower scraper 5-2, a first hydraulic cylinder 6 and a second hydraulic cylinder 5-7;

[0062] The upper scraper 5-1 is slidably connected to the carriage 1;

[0063] The lower scraper 5-2 is slidably connected to the upper scraper 5-1;

[0064] One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to the carriage 1, and the other end is connected to the upper scraper 5-1, and is used to drive the liftable paving and unloading module 5 to move in the horizontal direction;

[0065] One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 is connected to the upper scraper 5-1, and the other end is connected to the lower scraper 5-2, and is used to adjust the relative height between the lower end of the lower scraper 5-2 and the bottom of the carriage 1, and to drive the lower scraper 5-2 to slide relative to the upper scraper 5-1.

[0066] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the liftable paving and unloading module 5 further includes a second chute 5-3 and a slide post 5-4;

[0067] The second chute 5-3 is provided on the side of the upper scraper 5-1 close to the lower scraper 5-2. In a specific implementation process, the number of the second chute 5-3 can be set to 2, which are symmetrically distributed on the front side of the upper scraper 5-1 and extend to the lower end of the upper scraper 5-1.

[0068] The sliding column 5-4 is arranged on a side of the lower scraper 5-2 close to the upper scraper 5-1, and is adapted to the second sliding groove 5-3, so that the upper scraper 5-1 and the lower scraper 5-2 are slidably connected.

[0069] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of staggered pressure relief grooves 5-5 are provided on one end of the lower scraper 5-2 close to the bottom of the carriage 1. The pressure relief grooves 5-5 are filled with sweeping brushes 5-6, which can reduce the resistance when pushing materials. At the same time, the sweeping brushes 5-6 can clean the materials.

[0070] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and 3As shown, the upper scraper 5-1 is provided with pulleys 5-8, and the inner wall of the carriage is provided with a chute 7, with all pulleys 5-8 located within the chute 7. In a specific implementation, the number of chute 7 can be set to four, and they are located in the middle and upper portions of the left and right inner walls in the discharge direction. Four pulleys 5-8 are provided at each of the four corners of the upper scraper 5-1, matching the chute 7.

[0071] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the material level detection module includes a material level sensor 1 8, a material level sensor 2 9 and a material level sensor 3 10;

[0072] The material level sensor 8 is provided at the front end of the carriage 1 and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated at the front end of the carriage 1;

[0073] The material level sensor 2 9 is provided at the rear end of the carriage 1 and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated at the rear end of the carriage 1;

[0074] The material level sensor 3 10 is provided on the wall of the suction port 3 3 to 5 cm away from the upper end cover of the carriage 1, and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated at the lower end of the suction port 3;

[0075] The position sensor 11 is provided on the upper scraper 5 - 1 and is used to monitor the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 .

[0076] In the feed and unloading device for a suction truck according to an embodiment of the present invention, when the suction truck is sucking in material, the controller adjusts the height of the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5 based on the material level at each preset position monitored by the material level sensor module. Hydraulic cylinder 1 then slides the liftable paving and unloading module 5 left and right, spreading the material accumulated below the suction port 3 toward the sides of the carriage 1. As the material level within the carriage 1 continues to rise, the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5 is continuously raised upward by hydraulic cylinder 2 under the control of the controller until it reaches its highest point. During unloading, the carriage 1 tilts, opening the unloading door 2 at the rear end of the carriage 1. Gravity forces the material to flow out of the door 2. Simultaneously, the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5 moves downward, continuously reaching its lowest point. Hydraulic cylinder 1 then slides the liftable paving and unloading module 5 rightward, rapidly unloading the material from the carriage 1.

[0077] The following combination Figure 1-3 And a specific implementation method is used to describe in detail the feeding and unloading device for the suction vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] The feeding and unloading device for a suction truck in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a carriage 1, a unloading door 2, a suction port 3, an air inlet 4, a liftable paving and unloading module 5, a first hydraulic cylinder 6, a chute 1 7 (chute 1 is a horizontal chute), a material level sensor 1 8, a material level sensor 2 9, a material level sensor 3 10, a position sensor 11 and a controller.

[0079] The liftable paving and unloading module 5 includes an upper scraper 5-1, a lower scraper 5-2, a second chute 5-3 (i.e., a vertical chute), a slide column 5-4, a pressure relief trough 5-5, a sweeping brush 5-6, a second hydraulic cylinder 5-7, and a pulley 5-8.

[0080] A discharge door 2 is provided at the rear end of the carriage 1, a suction port 3 is provided in the middle of the upper end cover of the carriage 1, and an air inlet 4 is provided at the front end of the upper end cover of the carriage 1. A liftable paving and unloading module 5 is installed in the carriage 1, two chutes 7 (i.e., transverse chutes) are installed on each side of the left and right directions of the carriage 1, and a pulley 5-8 is installed at each of the four corner positions of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 (specifically, a pulley 5-8 is arranged at each of the four corner positions of the upper scraper 5-1), and the pulley 5-8 is adapted to the chute 7 provided on the inner wall of the carriage 1. The left and right sides of one side of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 are respectively connected to one end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to the front end cover of the carriage 1. Under the action of the first hydraulic cylinder 6, the liftable paving and unloading module 5 can slide left and right in the chute 7 via the pulley 5-8. A material level sensor 8 is installed at the middle position of the upper end of the front end cover of the carriage 1 to monitor the height of the material at the front end of the carriage; a material level sensor 9 is installed at the middle position of the upper end of the unloading door 2 to monitor the height of the material at the rear end of the carriage; a material level sensor 10 is installed at a position 3-5 cm away from the wall of the suction port 3 on the upper end cover of the carriage 1 to monitor the height of the material below the suction port 3; a position sensor 11 is installed at the middle position of the upper end of the upper scraper 5-1 to monitor the height of the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5.

[0081] On the upper scraper 5-1, symmetrical chute 5-3 is provided on the left and right sides of the lower scraper 5-2. The chute 5-3 extends to the lower end of the upper scraper 5-1, and the upper end surface of the chute 5-3 is 20 mm away from the upper end surface of the upper scraper 5-1. The chute 5-3 has a trapezoidal structure, with a short outer side and a long inner side. A sliding post 5-4 is provided on the rear side of the lower scraper 5-2 to match the chute 5-3. The lower end of the lower scraper 5-2 has several staggered pressure relief grooves 5-5, which are filled with sweeping brushes 5-6. A second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 is provided on both sides of the chute 5-3 of the upper scraper 5-1, and the bottom of the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 is connected to the upper end surface of the upper scraper 5-2.

[0082] In actual operation, position sensor 11 monitors the height H1 of the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5. Material level sensor 1 8 monitors the material height H2 below the suction port. Material level sensor 2 9 monitors the material height H3 at the front end of the carriage. Material level sensor 3 10 monitors the material height H4 at the rear end of the carriage. Before suctioning the material, the controller lowers the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5 to a position 20 cm from the carriage bottom, i.e., H1 is 20 cm. When the suction truck begins suctioning, material is drawn into the carriage 1 through the suction port 3 and continuously accumulates below the suction port 3. When the material level sensor 8 detects that the height H2 of the material below the suction port 3 is higher than the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 by 20 cm (i.e., H2-H1>20 cm), it transmits this signal to the controller, which activates the first hydraulic cylinder 6. Under the control of the controller, the liftable paving and unloading module 5 slides to the right to its furthest point, pushing the material accumulated below the suction port 3 to the right side of the carriage 1. At this time, the material level is reduced, and the controller stops working. When the material level sensor 8 again detects that the height H2 of the material below the suction port 3 is higher than the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module by 20 cm, it transmits this signal to the controller again, which activates the first hydraulic cylinder 6 again. Under the control of the controller, the liftable paving and unloading module slides to the left to its furthest point, pushing the material accumulated below the suction port 3 to the left side of the carriage 1. The material level is reduced, and this process is repeated. As the material level in the carriage 1 continues to rise, when the material level sensor 2 9 monitors that the height H3 of the material at the front end of the carriage 1 and the material level sensor 3 10 monitors that the height H4 of the material at the rear end of the carriage 1 are both higher than the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module (i.e. min(H3, H4)>H1), the controller starts the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7, and the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module slides upward along the slide groove of the upper scraper 5-1 under the action of the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 by the controller. When the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 is higher than the maximum value of 20cm of the height H3 of the material at the front end of the carriage 1 and the height H4 of the material at the rear end of the carriage 1 (i.e. H1-max(H3, H4)>20cm), the controller stops working and repeats the above steps until the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module rises to the highest point. When the lower scraper 5-2 rises to the highest point, the controller starts the first hydraulic cylinder 6 to slide the liftable paving and unloading module to the front end of the carriage 1. During unloading, carriage 1 tilts and the discharge door opens. Under the influence of gravity, the upper portion of the material in carriage 1 rapidly flows out through discharge door 3. However, some material adheres to the bottom of carriage 1, making it difficult to escape. The controller activates the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7, causing the lower scraper 5-2 in the elevating paving and unloading module to slide downward to its lowest position. At this point, the controller activates the first hydraulic cylinder 6, causing the elevating paving and unloading module 5 to slide rightward to its full extent under the control of the controller, ejecting the material.In order to reduce the scraper resistance, some pressure relief grooves 5-5 are staggered on the lower scraper 5-2 in the liftable paving and unloading module 5. The pressure relief grooves 5-5 are filled with sweeping brushes 5-6 to reduce the resistance when pushing the material. At the same time, the sweeping brushes 5-6 can clean the material.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for loading and unloading materials for a suction vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0085] (1) Using the material level detection module, the material level height at each preset position in the carriage 1 is sent to the controller;

[0086] (2) using the position sensor 11 to send the monitored relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 to the controller;

[0087] (3) Based on the received material level height and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1, the controller is used to control the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module 5, spread the materials accumulated below the suction port 3 on the carriage 1 to both sides of the carriage 1, and adjust the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1.

[0088] In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, when the suction truck sucks in material, the controller adjusts the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 according to the material level height at each preset position in the carriage 1 monitored by the material level sensor, controls the liftable paving and unloading module 5 to move in the horizontal direction, and spreads the material accumulated below the suction port 3 to both sides of the carriage 1. As the material level in the carriage 1 continues to rise, the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 is controlled to continue to increase until it reaches the highest point. Specifically:

[0089] When the suction truck sucks the material, the relative height H1 between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 is adjusted to the preset value X;

[0090] After the suction truck starts to suck the material, the material continues to accumulate below the suction port 3. When H2-H1>X, the liftable paving and unloading module 5 is controlled to move, and the material accumulated below the suction port 3 is spread toward the first side of the carriage 1. The relative height H1 between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 is reduced, and the controller stops working, wherein H2 is the height of the material below the suction port 3; in the specific implementation process, the X can be taken as 20 cm.

[0091] When H2-H1>X appears again, the liftable paving and unloading module 5 is controlled to move again, and the material accumulated below the suction port 3 is spread to the second side of the carriage 1, and the height of the material is reduced, and this process is repeated;

[0092] When min(H3, H4)>H1, the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module 5 and the bottom of the carriage 1 is reduced, where H3 is the height of the material at the front end of the carriage 1, and H4 is the height of the material at the rear end of the carriage 1;

[0093] When H1-max(H3, H4)>X, the controller stops working and repeats the above steps until the liftable paving and unloading module 5 is raised to the highest position;

[0094] When the liftable paving and unloading module 5 is raised to the highest point, the controller controls the liftable paving and unloading module 5 to slide to the front end of the carriage 1 .

[0095] During unloading, the carriage 1 is tilted and the unloading door 2 at the rear of the carriage 1 is opened. Under the action of gravity, the material flows out from the unloading door 2; at the same time, the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module 5 moves downward and continuously drops to the lowest point. The controller controls the liftable paving unloading module 5 to move toward the rear end of the carriage 1 to quickly unload the material from the carriage 1.

[0096] The material loading and unloading method for a suction vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented based on the material loading and unloading device for a suction vehicle in Example 1.

[0097] The following combination Figure 1-3 And a specific implementation method is described in detail for the suction vehicle loading and unloading method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] The feeding and unloading method for a suction truck in the embodiments of the present invention is implemented based on a feeding and unloading device for a suction truck. The feeding and unloading device primarily comprises a carriage, a liftable paving and unloading module, and a controller. The device primarily includes a carriage 1, a discharge door 2, a suction port 3, an air inlet 4, a liftable paving and unloading module 5, a first hydraulic cylinder 6, a chute 1 7 (chute 1 is a horizontal chute), a material level sensor 1 8, a material level sensor 2 9, a material level sensor 3 10, and a position sensor 11.

[0099] The liftable paving and unloading module includes an upper scraper 5-1, a lower scraper 5-2, a vertical slide 5-3, a slide column 5-4, a pressure relief groove 5-5, a sweeping brush 5-6, a second hydraulic cylinder 5-7, and a pulley 5-8.

[0100] A discharge door 2 is provided at the rear end of the carriage 1, a suction port 3 is provided in the middle of the upper end cover of the carriage, and an air inlet 4 is provided at the front end of the upper end cover. A liftable paving discharge module 5 is installed in the carriage, with two transverse chutes 7 installed on each side of the carriage in the left and right directions. A pulley 5-8 is installed at each of the four corners of the liftable paving discharge module, which is adapted to the chute 1-7 in the carriage. The left and right sides of the front side of the liftable paving discharge module are respectively connected to one end of a first hydraulic cylinder 6, the other end of which is connected to the front end cover of the carriage. Under the action of the first hydraulic cylinder 6, the liftable paving discharge module can slide left and right in the chute 1-7 via the pulleys 5-8. A material level sensor 8 is installed at the middle position of the upper end of the front cover of the carriage to monitor the height of the material at the front end of the carriage; a material level sensor 9 is installed at the middle position of the upper end of the unloading door to monitor the height of the material at the rear end of the carriage; a material level sensor 10 is installed at a position 5 cm away from the wall of the suction port on the upper end cover of the carriage to monitor the height of the material at the lower end of the suction port; a position sensor 11 is installed at the middle position of the upper end of the upper scraper to monitor the height of the lower scraper of the liftable paving and unloading module.

[0101] The liftable paving and unloading module consists of an upper scraper 5-1 and a lower scraper 5-2. Two chute slots 5-3 (i.e., vertical slots) are symmetrically located on the left and right sides of the front of the upper scraper 5-1. These slots extend to the lower end of the upper scraper 5-1, with the upper end of the slot 5-3 20 mm away from the upper end of the upper scraper 5-1. The slot 5-3 is trapezoidal in shape, with shorter outer sides and longer inner sides. A sliding post 5-4, compatible with the vertical slot, is located behind the lower scraper 5-2. Several staggered pressure relief slots 5-5 are located at the lower end of the lower scraper 5-2, each filled with a sweeping brush 5-6. A second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 is provided on both sides of the second chute 5-3 of the upper scraper 5-1. The bottom of the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 is connected to the upper end surface of the upper scraper 5-2. A pulley 5-8 is arranged at each of the four corner positions of the upper scraper 5-1.

[0102] In actual operation, position sensor 11 monitors the height H1 of the lower scraper of the elevating paving and unloading module. Material level sensor 1 (8) monitors the material height H2 below the suction port. Material level sensor 2 (9) monitors the material height H3 at the front end of the carriage. Material level sensor 3 (10) monitors the material height H4 at the rear end of the carriage. Before material is extracted, the controller lowers the lower scraper 5-2 of the elevating paving and unloading module to a position 20 cm from the bottom of the carriage, meaning H1 is 20 cm.

[0103] The feeding and unloading method for the suction vehicle specifically includes:

[0104] When the suction truck begins suctioning, material is drawn into the vehicle compartment 1 through the suction port and continuously accumulates below the suction port 3. When the material level sensor 8 detects that the material level H2 below the suction port 3 is 20 cm higher than the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module, it transmits a signal to the controller, which activates the first hydraulic cylinder 6. Under the control of the controller, the liftable paving and unloading module slides rightward to its furthest point, pushing the material accumulated below the suction port 3 to the right side of the vehicle compartment 1. At this point, the material level decreases, and the controller stops. When the material level sensor 8 again detects that the material level H2 below the suction port 3 is 20 cm higher than the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module, it transmits a signal to the controller again, which activates the first hydraulic cylinder 6. Under the control of the controller, the liftable paving and unloading module slides leftward to its furthest point, pushing the material accumulated below the suction port 3 to the left side of the vehicle compartment 1, and the material level decreases. This process repeats. As the material level in the carriage 1 continues to rise, when the material level sensor 2 9 monitors that the material height H3 at the front end of the carriage 1 and the material level sensor 3 10 monitors that the material height H4 at the rear end of the carriage 1 are both higher than the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module, the controller starts the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7, and the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module slides upward along the slide groove of the upper scraper 5-1 under the action of the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7 through the controller. When the height H1 of the bottom of the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module is higher than the maximum value of 20cm of the height H3 of the material at the front end of the carriage 1 and the height H4 of the material at the rear end of the carriage 1, the controller stops working and repeats the above steps until the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module rises to the highest point. When the lower scraper 5-2 of the liftable paving and unloading module rises to the highest point, the controller starts the first hydraulic cylinder 6 to slide the liftable paving and unloading module to the front end of the carriage 1.

[0105] During unloading, carriage 1 tilts and the discharge door opens. Gravity forces the upper portion of the material in carriage 1 to rapidly flow out through discharge door 3. However, some material adheres to the bottom of carriage 1, hindering its flow. The controller activates the second hydraulic cylinder 5-7, causing the lower scraper 5-2 of the elevating paving and unloading module to slide downward to its lowest position. At this point, the controller activates the first hydraulic cylinder 6, causing the elevating paving and unloading module to slide rightward to its full extent under the control of the controller, ejecting the material.

[0106] In order to reduce the scraper resistance, some grooves are staggered on the scraper 5-2 under the liftable paving and unloading module, and the grooves are filled with sweeping brushes to reduce the resistance when pushing the material, and the sweeping brushes can clean the material at the same time.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] A suction vehicle is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the loading and unloading device for the suction vehicle described in any one of Embodiment 1.

[0109] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection content of the present invention.

[0110] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle, characterized in that: It includes a carriage with a suction port, a lifting paving and unloading module, a material level detection module, a position sensor and a controller; The liftable paving and unloading module is arranged on the carriage and is electrically connected to the controller; The material level detection module is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send the monitored material level heights at various preset positions in the carriage to the controller; The position sensor is electrically connected to the controller and is used to send the monitored relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage to the controller; The controller is used to control the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module based on the received material level height and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, to spread the material accumulated below the suction port on the carriage to both sides of the carriage, and to adjust the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage.

2. A feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liftable paving and unloading module includes an upper scraper, a lower scraper, a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder; The upper scraper is slidably connected to the carriage; The lower scraper is slidably connected to the upper scraper; One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the carriage, and the other end is connected to the upper scraper, and is used to drive the liftable paving and unloading module to move in the horizontal direction; One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper scraper, and the other end is connected to the lower scraper, and is used to adjust the relative height between the lower end of the lower scraper and the bottom of the carriage.

3. The feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material level detection module includes material level sensor 1, material level sensor 2 and material level sensor 3; The material level sensor 1 is provided at the front end of the carriage and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated at the front end of the carriage; The material level sensor 2 is provided at the rear end of the carriage and is used to monitor the height of the materials accumulated at the rear end of the carriage; The material level sensor 3 is arranged on the wall of the suction port 3-5 cm away from the upper end cover of the carriage, and is used to monitor the height of the material accumulated below the suction port; The position sensor is arranged on the upper scraper and is used to monitor the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage.

4. The feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liftable paving and unloading module further includes a second chute and a slide post; The second chute is provided on the side of the upper scraper close to the lower scraper; The sliding column is arranged on a side of the lower scraper plate close to the upper scraper plate, and is adapted to the second sliding groove, so that the upper scraper plate is slidably connected to the lower scraper plate.

5. The feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower scraper is provided with a plurality of staggered pressure relief grooves at one end close to the bottom of the carriage, and the pressure relief grooves are filled with sweeping brushes.

6. The feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper scraper is provided with a pulley, the inner wall of the carriage is provided with a slide groove 1, and all the pulleys are arranged in the slide groove 1.

7. A method for loading and unloading a suction vehicle, characterized in that: include: The material level detection module is used to send the monitored material level height at each preset position in the carriage to the controller; The relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage is sent to the controller by using a position sensor; The controller controls the horizontal movement of the liftable paving and unloading module based on the received material level height and the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, spreads the material accumulated below the suction port on the carriage to both sides of the carriage, and adjusts the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage.

8. The method for loading and unloading a suction vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the suction truck sucks materials, the controller adjusts the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage according to the material level height at each preset position in the carriage monitored by the material level sensor, controls the liftable paving and unloading module to move in the horizontal direction, and spreads the materials accumulated below the suction port to both sides of the carriage. As the material level in the carriage continues to rise, the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage is controlled to increase continuously until the liftable paving and unloading module rises to the highest point.

9. The method for loading and unloading a suction vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the suction truck is sucking materials, adjust the relative height H1 between the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module and the bottom of the carriage to the preset value X; After the suction truck starts sucking materials, the materials continue to accumulate below the suction port. When H2-H1>X, the liftable paving and unloading module is controlled to move, and the materials accumulated below the suction port are spread toward the first side of the carriage. The relative height H1 between the lower end of the liftable paving and unloading module and the bottom of the carriage decreases, and the controller stops working. H2 is the height of the materials below the suction port. When H2-H1>X appears again, the lifting paving and unloading module is controlled to move again, and the material accumulated under the suction port is spread to the second side of the carriage, and the height of the material is reduced, and this process is repeated; When min (H3, H4)>H1, reduce the relative height between the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module and the bottom of the carriage, where H3 is the height of the material at the front end of the carriage and H4 is the height of the material at the rear end of the carriage; When H1-max(H3,H4)>X, the controller stops working and repeats the above steps until the lifting paving and unloading module reaches the highest position; When the liftable paving and unloading module is raised to the highest point, the controller controls the liftable paving and unloading module to slide to the front end of the carriage.

10. The method for loading and unloading a suction vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: During unloading, the carriage is tilted and the unloading door at the rear of the carriage is opened. Under the action of gravity, the material flows out from the unloading door. At the same time, the lower end of the liftable paving unloading module moves downward and continuously drops to the lowest point. The controller controls the liftable paving unloading module to move to the rear end of the carriage to quickly unload the material from the carriage.

11. A suction vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feeding and unloading device for a suction vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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