Sand layer deep foundation pit construction device and construction process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a sand layer deep foundation pit construction device and a construction process thereof in the technical field of sand layer deep foundation pit construction, and comprises a base, a supporting leg fixedly connected to the base, a main shaft rotatably connected to the supporting leg, and a separation cylinder rotatably connected to the main shaft. The separation cylinder is obliquely arranged with an opening upward on the base. A sieve hole is arranged in a rectangular array on the sieve hole. A discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the base and located directly below the separation cylinder. A transmission structure for driving the separation cylinder to rotate is further arranged on the base. The application can efficiently separate the concrete and is not prone to blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep foundation pit construction technology in sand layers, specifically to a deep foundation pit construction device and its construction process in sand layers. Background Technology

[0002] Deep foundation pits in sandy layers are prone to collapse and landslides due to the abundance of sand and gravel. Therefore, in addition to anchoring and securing the pits, current construction methods require spraying concrete onto the pit walls. This allows the concrete to harden and form a thin wall, reducing the likelihood of landslides. Because of the depth of the pits, spraying at the bottom is inconvenient. Therefore, a long pipe is typically used to guide a shotcrete machine to the bottom. However, the long pipe required for deep foundation pit construction is prone to clogging. To reduce clogging, the concrete is often filtered before entering the shotcrete machine to remove sand, gravel, and concrete lumps, increasing the flowability of the concrete within the pipe and thus reducing blockages.

[0003] However, existing filters generally use a single screen for vibrating, which is not only noisy, but also causes the concrete to be delivered to the same position on the vibrating screen, making it easy to accumulate and cause blockage. In particular, the sand and gravel that are filtered out get stuck in the mesh of the vibrating screen, which will further cause blockage. However, since the filtration process is continuous and concrete keeps falling onto the vibrating screen, it is inconvenient to remove the stuck sand and gravel from the vibrating screen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem of this invention is to provide a construction device and construction process for deep foundation pits in sand layers, which can efficiently separate concrete while avoiding blockage.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a deep foundation pit construction device for sand layers, comprising a base, a support leg fixedly connected to the base, a main shaft rotatably connected to the support leg, a separation cylinder rotatably connected to the main shaft, the separation cylinder having an upwardly inclined opening on the base, screen holes arranged in a rectangular array on the separation cylinder, a discharge hopper fixedly connected to the base directly below the separation cylinder, and a transmission structure for driving the separation cylinder to rotate on the base.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the base is also provided with an auxiliary support mechanism, which includes two fixed frames fixedly connected to both ends of the main shaft. The fixed frames are in the shape of an inverted Y, with the opening of the Y facing downward. Support rollers and inner rollers are rotatably connected to the three forks of the fixed frames away from the main shaft. The support rollers are located on the outer wall of the arc-shaped profile of the separation cylinder, and the inner rollers are located on the inner wall of the arc-shaped profile of the separation cylinder.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission structure includes a support shaft fixedly connected inside the support roller at a position away from the center. The support shaft is located on a straight line connecting the axis of the separating cylinder and the axis of the support roller, and is closer to the side of the separating cylinder. Multiple deflectors are rotatably connected to the support shaft. The support roller has a deflecting groove for the deflectors to pass through. The transmission structure also includes a drive mechanism that can drive the support roller to rotate.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a timing belt, a timing pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the support roller near the support leg, the timing belt synchronously drives and connects the timing pulleys on all the support rollers, a motor is fixedly connected to the support leg, a gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, the gear meshes with the timing belt, and a clamping pulley that cooperates with the gear to clamp the timing belt is also rotatably connected to the support leg.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the actuating groove is provided with rubber rings on both sides of the actuating plate, which are tightly attached to the actuating plate.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a discharge cylinder is fixedly connected to a fixed frame inside the separation cylinder, and an auger is rotatably connected inside the discharge cylinder. The auger and the support roller are connected by a synchronous belt drive. A fixing ring is fitted on the outer wall of the discharge cylinder, and multiple collecting hoods are arranged in a ring array around the axis of the fixing ring. An anti-slip cavity is opened inside the collecting hood, and a slag discharge port is formed between each pair of adjacent collecting hoods. A slag inlet is opened on the discharge cylinder, and a toothed ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation cylinder. A gear II that meshes with the toothed ring is fixedly connected to the fixing ring.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific steps of the construction process are as follows:

[0012] Step 1: First, the mixed concrete is sent into the separation drum through the mixing plant. Due to the inclined design of the separation drum, the concrete will accumulate at the bottom of the separation drum. The separation drum is driven to rotate continuously, so the concrete can continuously roll inside the bottom of the separation drum. The concrete can flow through the screen holes to the bottom and then flow into the shotcrete machine through the discharge hopper. Gravel or concrete lumps are left in the separation drum, thus achieving concrete filtration.

[0013] Step 2: When the drive mechanism drives the support roller to rotate the separation cylinder, the rotation of the support roller will also cause the baffle to continuously extend into the screen hole, so that the baffle can push the sand and gravel stuck in the screen hole out of the screen hole, instead of getting stuck in the screen hole.

[0014] Step 3: The support roller will also drive the auger to rotate in the discharge cylinder via the synchronous belt. At the same time, the rotation of the separation cylinder will also drive the gear two via the gear ring to rotate the fixed ring, so that the collection hood will also rotate. This will collect the sand and gravel pushed out of the screen holes by the deflector into the collection hood. Then, when the collection hood rotates to the top, it will fall into the discharge cylinder through the slag inlet and then through the slag outlet, and be pushed out of the discharge cylinder by the auger.

[0015] Step 4: When the separating cylinder rotates, the support roller and inner roller can assist in supporting the separating cylinder, ensuring its stability, and at the same time, they can clamp the contour of the separating cylinder to correct deformation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. Unlike existing technologies, this method does not require vibration; screening can be achieved simply by rotation, which greatly reduces noise and improves the working environment. Furthermore, since the separation cylinder rotates continuously, the separation process is continuous, so concrete is less likely to accumulate when it is fed into the separation cylinder, resulting in higher efficiency. At the same time, the entire separation cylinder is circular and tilted, which also makes it less likely for sand and gravel to splash when it falls. Even if it does splash, it is more likely to be deflected into the separation cylinder and collected, thus reducing the risk of construction accidents.

[0018] 2. It can push out sand, gravel or concrete lumps stuck in the screen holes, thereby reducing screen blockage and ensuring continuous and efficient separation. At the same time, the rotation of the support roller and the support shaft can also drive the rotation of the separation cylinder. The structure is simpler and more compact, and the cost of use is low.

[0019] 3. By using a collection hood in conjunction with a baffle plate, the separated sand and gravel can be collected inside the collection hood, and then sent out of the discharge cylinder by an auger, and then out of the separation cylinder, thereby achieving complete separation of sand and gravel from concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from the rear.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the discharge cylinder part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the discharge cylinder part of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic plan view of the connection structure between the support roller and the separating cylinder of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support roller and the separation cylinder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dial plate and support shaft of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the dial plate and the support shaft of the present invention;

[0029] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0030] 01. Base; 02. Separating cylinder; 03. Screen holes; 04. Main shaft; 05. Fixing frame; 06. Support roller; 07. Inner roller; 08. Discharge cylinder; 09. Screw conveyor; 10. Collection cover; 11. Discharge hopper; 12. Motor; 13. Synchronous belt; 14. Gear 1; 15. Clamping wheel; 16. Anti-slip cavity; 17. Slag inlet; 18. Gear ring; 19. Gear 2; 20. Pulley; 21. Support shaft; 22. Pulley groove; 23. Slag discharge port; 24. Support leg; 25. Fixing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a deep foundation pit construction device for sand layers, including a base 01, a support leg 24 fixedly connected to the base 01, a main shaft 04 rotatably connected to the support leg 24, a separation cylinder 02 rotatably connected to the main shaft 04, the separation cylinder 02 being inclined upward with its opening on the base 01, the separation cylinder 02 having screen holes 03 arranged in a rectangular array on the separation cylinder 02, a discharge hopper 11 fixedly connected to the base 01 directly below the separation cylinder 02, and a transmission structure for driving the separation cylinder 02 to rotate on the base 01.

[0033] The transmission structure drives the separation cylinder 02 to rotate. At this time, the mixing plant or pump truck can send concrete into the separation cylinder 02. Since the separation cylinder 02 is set at an inclination, the concrete will accumulate at the bottom of the separation cylinder 02. The separation cylinder 02 is driven to rotate continuously, so the concrete can continuously roll inside the bottom of the separation cylinder 02. The concrete can flow down through the screen holes 03 and then flow into the shotcrete machine through the discharge hopper 11. Gravel or concrete lumps are left in the separation cylinder 02, thus achieving concrete filtration.

[0034] Unlike existing technologies, this method eliminates the need for vibration; screening is achieved simply by rotation, significantly reducing noise and improving the working environment. Furthermore, since the separation cylinder 02 rotates continuously, the separation process is ongoing, preventing concrete from accumulating inside and thus increasing efficiency. Additionally, the circular and inclined design of the separation cylinder 02 minimizes the risk of sand and gravel splashing when falling. Even if splashing occurs, it tends to be collected within the separation cylinder 02, reducing the risk of construction accidents.

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, an auxiliary support mechanism is also provided on the base 01. The auxiliary support mechanism includes two fixed frames 05 fixedly connected to both ends of the main shaft 04. The fixed frames 05 are in the shape of an inverted Y, with the opening of the Y facing downward. Support rollers 06 and inner rollers 07 are rotatably connected to the three forks of the fixed frames 05 away from the main shaft 04. The support rollers 06 are located on the outer wall of the arc-shaped contour of the separating cylinder 02, and the inner rollers 07 are located on the inner wall of the arc-shaped contour of the separating cylinder 02.

[0036] Because the separator cylinder 02 has a circular structure and is perforated, its structural strength is relatively low. Therefore, it may undergo slight deformation when subjected to the impact of concrete falling into the separator cylinder 02 over a long period of time, thus reducing its service life.

[0037] In addition to the main shaft 04 supporting the separation cylinder 02, the separation cylinder 02 can rotate on the main shaft 04. Moreover, the support roller 06 and the inner roller 07 can also support the arc-shaped contour of the separation cylinder 02, improve the strength of the overall structure, and reduce the problem of deformation of the separation cylinder 02 contour caused by the continuous impact of concrete on the separation cylinder 02.

[0038] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the transmission structure includes a support shaft 21 fixedly connected inside the support roller 06 at a position away from the center. The support shaft 21 is located on a straight line connecting the axis of the separating cylinder 02 and the support roller 06, and is close to the side of the separating cylinder 02. A plurality of deflecting plates 20 are rotatably connected to the support shaft 21. The support roller 06 is provided with a deflecting groove 22 for the deflecting plates 20 to pass through. The transmission structure also includes a drive mechanism that can drive the support roller 06 to rotate.

[0039] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the drive mechanism includes a timing belt 13, a timing pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the support roller 06 near the support leg 24, the timing belt 13 synchronously drives and connects the timing pulleys on all the support rollers 06, a motor 12 is fixedly connected to the support leg 24, a gear 14 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 12, the gear 14 meshes with the timing belt 13, and a clamping wheel 15 that cooperates with the gear 14 to clamp the timing belt 13 is also rotatably connected to the support leg 24.

[0040] When motor 12 is working, it drives synchronous belt 13 to rotate via gear 14, thereby synchronously driving all support rollers 06 to rotate in the same direction. As the support rollers 06 rotate, they simultaneously push the dial plate 20 to rotate. The dial plate 20 rotates on the support shaft 21. Because the support shaft 21 is offset, when the support rollers 06 rotate, as the support rollers 06 drive the dial plate 20 to rotate closer to the separating cylinder 02, the dial plate 20 gradually extends out from inside the support rollers 06 through the dial groove 22 until it reaches the position closest to the separating cylinder 02. At this point, the end of the dial plate 20 away from the support shaft 21 extends into the screen hole 03. This allows the system to push the sand and gravel stuck in the screen holes 03. As the support roller 06 continues to rotate, the deflector plate 20 will gradually retract into the support roller 06. Since each deflector plate 20 is independently rotatably connected to the support shaft 21, each operation does not interfere with the others. In addition, since the support roller 06 is clamped on the outer wall of the separation cylinder 02, the rotation of the support roller 06 can also cause the separation cylinder 02 to rotate. Moreover, since the rotation of the support roller 06 will also cause the deflector plate 20 to rotate simultaneously around the axis of the support shaft 21, the rotation of the deflector plate 20 can also push the separation cylinder 02 to rotate. Furthermore, multiple support rollers 06 will rotate simultaneously, thereby ensuring the driving force of the separation cylinder 02.

[0041] It can push out sand, gravel or concrete lumps stuck in the screen hole 03, thereby reducing the clogging of the screen hole 03 and ensuring that the separation process continues to be efficient. At the same time, the rotation of the support roller 06 and the rotation of the support shaft 21 can also drive the rotation of the separation cylinder 02. The structure is simpler and more compact, and the cost of use is low.

[0042] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the actuating groove 22 is provided with rubber rings on both sides of the actuating plate 20, which are tightly attached to the actuating plate 20.

[0043] After the pusher plate 20 pushes the sand or concrete in the screen hole 03, it will be retracted into the support roller 06. Therefore, the rubber ring on the pusher groove 22 (not shown in the figure) can scrape the outer wall of the pusher plate 20, thereby cleaning the pusher plate 20 and ensuring the normal use of the pusher plate 20.

[0044] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a discharge cylinder 08 is fixedly connected to a fixed frame 05 inside the separation cylinder 02. An auger 09 is rotatably connected inside the discharge cylinder 08. The auger 09 and the support roller 06 are connected by a synchronous belt drive. A fixing ring 25 is sleeved on the outer wall of the discharge cylinder 08. Multiple collection covers 10 are arranged in a ring array around the axis of the fixing ring 25. An anti-slip cavity 16 is opened inside the collection cover 10. A slag discharge port 23 is formed between each pair of adjacent collection covers 10. A slag inlet 17 is opened on the discharge cylinder 08. A toothed ring 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation cylinder 02. A gear 19 that meshes with the toothed ring 18 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring 25.

[0045] When the support roller 06 rotates, it also drives the auger 09 to rotate via the synchronous belt (see...). Figure 3 Simultaneously, the rotation of the separating cylinder 02 will also drive the gear ring 18 to rotate the gear 19, thereby causing the fixed ring 25 to rotate. As a result, all the collecting covers 10 rotate at the same time. With the rotation of the support shaft 21, the sand and gravel can be continuously pushed out of the screen holes 03 and fall into the space between the two collecting covers 10. They are collected by the anti-slip cavity 16 of one collecting cover 10. Then, as the collecting cover 10 continues to rotate until it reaches the top position, the sand and gravel will fall into the discharge cylinder 08 through the slag discharge port 23 and then through the slag inlet 17. They are then sent out by the auger 09, thereby achieving complete separation of sand and gravel from concrete.

[0046] As a further aspect of the present invention, the specific steps of the construction process are as follows:

[0047] Step 1: First, the mixed concrete is fed into the separation cylinder 02 through the mixing plant. Due to the inclined setting of the separation cylinder 02, the concrete will accumulate at the bottom of the separation cylinder 02. The separation cylinder 02 is driven to rotate continuously, so the concrete can continuously roll inside the bottom of the separation cylinder 02. The concrete can flow down through the screen holes 03 and then flow into the shotcrete machine through the discharge hopper 11. Gravel or concrete lumps are left in the separation cylinder 02, thus achieving concrete filtration.

[0048] Step 2: When the drive mechanism drives the support roller 06 to rotate the separation cylinder 02, the rotation of the support roller 06 will also cause the deflector 20 to continuously extend into the screen hole 03, so that the deflector 20 can push the sand and gravel stuck in the screen hole 03 out of the screen hole 03, and will not get stuck in the screen hole 03.

[0049] Step 3: The support roller 06 will also drive the auger 09 to rotate in the discharge cylinder 08 via the synchronous belt. At the same time, the rotation of the separation cylinder 02 will also drive the gear 19 via the gear ring 18 to rotate the fixed ring 25. As a result, the collection hood 10 will also rotate, so that the sand and gravel pushed out of the screen hole 03 by the push plate 20 can be collected into the collection hood 10. Then, when the collection hood 10 rotates to the top, it falls into the discharge cylinder 08 through the slag outlet 23 and then through the slag inlet 17, and is pushed out of the discharge cylinder 08 by the auger 09.

[0050] Step 4: When the separating cylinder 02 rotates, the support roller 06 and the inner roller 07 can assist in supporting the separating cylinder 02, ensuring the stability of the separating cylinder 02, and at the same time, they can clamp the contour of the separating cylinder 02 to correct the deformation.

Claims

1. A construction device for deep foundation pits in sandy layers, comprising a base (01), characterized in that: A support leg (24) is fixedly connected to the base (01), a main shaft (04) is rotatably connected to the support leg (24), a separator (02) is rotatably connected to the main shaft (04), the separator (02) is inclined upward on the base (01), the separator (02) has a rectangular array of screen holes (03), a discharge hopper (11) is fixedly connected to the base (01) directly below the separator (02), and a transmission structure for driving the separator (02) to rotate is also provided on the base (01). The base (01) is also provided with an auxiliary support mechanism, which includes two fixed frames (05) fixedly connected to both ends of the main shaft (04). The fixed frames (05) are in the shape of an inverted Y, with the opening of the Y facing downward. Support rollers (06) and inner rollers (07) are rotatably connected to the three forks of the fixed frames (05) away from the main shaft (04). The support rollers (06) are located on the outer wall of the arc-shaped profile of the separation cylinder (02), and the inner rollers (07) are located on the inner wall of the arc-shaped profile of the separation cylinder (02). The transmission structure includes a support shaft (21) fixedly connected inside the support roller (06) at a position away from the center. The support shaft (21) is located on a straight line connecting the axis of the separating cylinder (02) and the support roller (06), and is close to the side of the separating cylinder (02). Multiple levers (20) are rotatably connected to the support shaft (21). The support roller (06) is provided with a lever groove (22) for the levers (20) to pass through. The transmission structure also includes a drive mechanism that can drive the support roller (06) to rotate. The drive mechanism includes a timing belt (13), a timing pulley is fixedly connected to one end of the support roller (06) near the support leg (24), the timing belt (13) synchronously drives the timing pulleys on all the support rollers (06), a motor (12) is fixedly connected to the support leg (24), a gear (14) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (12), the gear (14) meshes with the timing belt (13), and a clamping wheel (15) that cooperates with the gear (14) to clamp the timing belt (13) is also rotatably connected to the support leg (24); The inner wall of the actuating groove (22) is provided with rubber rings on both sides of the actuating plate (20) and they are tightly attached to the actuating plate (20); The separation cylinder (02) is provided with a discharge cylinder (08) fixedly connected to the fixed frame (05). The discharge cylinder (08) is rotatably connected to an auger (09). The auger (09) and the support roller (06) are connected by a synchronous belt drive. The outer wall of the discharge cylinder (08) is fitted with a fixing ring (25). Multiple collection covers (10) are arranged in a ring array around the axis of the fixing ring (25). The collection covers (10) are provided with anti-slip cavities (16). A slag outlet (23) is formed between each pair of adjacent collection covers (10). The discharge cylinder (08) is provided with a slag inlet (17). The inner wall of the separation cylinder (02) is fixedly connected to a toothed ring (18). A gear two (19) that meshes with the toothed ring (18) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (25).

2. A construction process for a deep foundation pit construction device in sandy layers, applicable to the deep foundation pit construction device in sandy layers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of this construction process are as follows: Step 1: First, the mixed concrete is sent into the separation cylinder (02) through the mixing plant. Due to the inclined setting of the separation cylinder (02), the concrete will accumulate at the bottom of the separation cylinder (02). The separation cylinder (02) is driven to rotate continuously, so that the concrete can continuously roll at the bottom of the separation cylinder (02). The concrete can flow down through the screen hole (03) and then flow into the shotcrete machine through the discharge hopper (11). Gravel or concrete lumps are left in the separation cylinder (02), thus achieving the filtration of concrete. Step 2: When the drive mechanism drives the support roller (06) to rotate the separation cylinder (02), the rotation of the support roller (06) will also cause the push plate (20) to continuously extend into the screen hole (03), so that the push plate (20) can push the sand and gravel stuck in the screen hole (03) out of the screen hole (03) and not get stuck in the screen hole (03); Step 3: The support roller (06) will also drive the auger (09) to rotate in the discharge cylinder (08) via the synchronous belt. At the same time, the rotation of the separation cylinder (02) will also drive the gear two (19) via the gear ring (18) to make the fixed ring (25) rotate. As a result, the collection cover (10) will also rotate. The sand and gravel pushed out of the screen hole (03) by the push plate (20) will be collected into the collection cover (10). Then, when the collection cover (10) rotates to the top, it will fall into the discharge cylinder (08) through the slag outlet (23) and then through the slag inlet (17). It will be pushed out of the discharge cylinder (08) by the auger (09). Step 4: When the separation cylinder (02) is rotating, the support roller (06) and the inner roller (07) can play the role of assisting in supporting the separation cylinder (02) to ensure the stability of the separation cylinder (02). At the same time, they can play the role of clamping the outline of the separation cylinder (02) to correct the deformation.

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