Liquid crystal optical device, liquid crystal lens array, electronic product and manufacturing method

Abstract

A liquid crystal optical device, a liquid crystal lens array, an electronic product, and a manufacturing method. The liquid crystal optical device comprises a first transparent substrate (10), a first electrode layer (20), a first orientation layer (30), a liquid crystal layer (40), a second orientation layer (50), a second electrode layer (60), and a second transparent substrate, which are stacked in sequence. The first electrode layer (20) and / or the second electrode layer (60) comprise an electrode unit (101). The electrode unit (101) comprises a conductive line (61) and a plurality of lead wires (62). The conductive line (61) comprises a first position (611) and a second position (612). The first position (611) and the second position (612) are different. One end of the lead wire (62) is connected to the conductive line, and the other end thereof is suspended. The lead wire (62) is led out from a position between the first position (611) and the second position (612) of the conductive line (61). The position where the lead wire (62) is connected to the conductive line (61) is the lead position. The utilization rate of the liquid crystal material can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of liquid crystal optical technology, and in particular relates to a liquid crystal optical device, a liquid crystal lens array, an electronic product and a manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] Since liquid crystal lenses have the characteristic of electrically controlled focusing, their applications are becoming more and more widespread. In order to apply liquid crystal lenses to different scenarios, it is often necessary to precisely control the potential distribution of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal lens. Since the phase of the liquid crystal material responds linearly to the applied voltage in a certain voltage range, this voltage range is called a linear response range or a liquid crystal linear operating range. In order to facilitate and accurately control the potential distribution of the liquid crystal layer, it is proposed in the prior art to control the voltage for driving the liquid crystal lens according to the range of the linear response range. For example, in the patent with publication number CN114185222A, the liquid crystal device is driven to work by setting the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage for driving the liquid crystal device within the liquid crystal linear operating range. As Figure 1 As shown in the response curve of the liquid crystal material in , although selecting the driving voltage within the linear response range can conveniently and accurately drive the liquid crystal lens to work, the voltage range of the linear response range is small, resulting in insufficient optical power of the designed liquid crystal device, which greatly limits the application range of the liquid crystal lens. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens to solve the technical problem that the conventional liquid crystal lens has insufficient optical power due to the small linear response range of the liquid crystal material.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal optical device, comprising a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second transparent substrate stacked in sequence;

[0006] The first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer include electrode units;

[0007] The electrode unit includes a conductive wire and a plurality of lead wires, the conductive wire includes a first position and a second position, the first position and the second position are different, one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire, and the other end thereof is suspended, the lead wire is led out from a position between the first position and the second position of the conductive wire, and the position where the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire is the lead-out position;

[0008] The conductive line between the first position and the second position includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment, and a plurality of extension lines arranged along a preset direction of the electrode unit, the extension line extending from a starting position to a position connected to the first connecting segment, the lead-out position being set at a position where the extension line is connected to the first connecting segment, and the starting position of the extension line being connected to the second connecting segment;

[0009] Assuming that the distance between the lead-out position of each extension line of the conductive line and the first position in the preset direction of the electrode unit is x, the length of the extension line is g(x), where C is a constant, Indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with voltage change;

[0010] The first position is used to receive a first driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive a second driving voltage.

[0011] In a liquid crystal optical device, the conductive line has the same width as the portion located between the first position and the second position, and the lead-out positions are arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction of the electrode unit; in at least one preset area, the lead-out lines are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction of the electrode unit.

[0012] Preferably, the lead wire includes a first portion and a second portion respectively located on opposite sides of a first reference plane, and the first reference plane is a plane passing through the first position and perpendicular to a preset direction of the electrode unit.

[0013] Preferably, the conductive line also includes a third position, the first position is located between the third position and the second position, the third position of the conductive line is used to receive a second driving voltage, the portion of the conductive line located between the first position and the second position has the same width, and the lead-out line is also led out from the position between the first position and the third position of the conductive line.

[0014] Preferably, the conductive line is located outside the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal optical device.

[0015] Preferably, a high-resistance film or a high dielectric constant layer is provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer or between the second electrode layer and the second transparent substrate.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens array, comprising a plurality of liquid crystal optical devices according to the first aspect, wherein the plurality of liquid crystal optical devices are arranged in an array.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal lens array, comprising the liquid crystal optical device described in the first aspect, wherein the lead lines of the liquid crystal optical device extend to form a plurality of extension segments, the plurality of extension segments are arranged in an array, and at least a portion of each extension segment is located in the preset area.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic product comprising a control circuit and the liquid crystal optical device described in the first aspect or the liquid crystal lens array described in the second aspect or the liquid crystal lens array described in the third aspect, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal optical device or the liquid crystal lens array.

[0019] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal optical device or a liquid crystal lens array, for manufacturing the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect, the liquid crystal lens array described in the second aspect, or the liquid crystal lens array described in the third aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0020] Obtaining a corresponding relationship between a phase of a liquid crystal material in a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array and a driving voltage;

[0021] Determine a first driving voltage V1, a second driving voltage V2, a third driving voltage V3 and a fourth driving voltage V4 according to the corresponding relationship;

[0022] determining the shape of each curved segment on the conductive line in the first electrode layer according to the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 and the corresponding relationship;

[0023] determining the shape of each curved segment on the conductive line in the second electrode layer according to the third driving voltage V3 and the fourth driving voltage V4 and the corresponding relationship;

[0024] The liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array is manufactured according to the shapes of the curve segments on the conductive lines in the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The liquid crystal optical device lens, liquid crystal lens array, electronic product, and manufacturing method of the present invention utilize conductive wires that can be loaded with two driving voltages to generate electric potentials of varying magnitudes depending on the position of the conductive wires, and allow multiple lead wires to be drawn out from different positions of the non-conductive wires. Since one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire and the other end is suspended in the air, the lead wire can diffuse the electric potential at the lead-out position on the conductive wire to the area where the lead wire extends. Based on the aforementioned structure, the present invention allows the lead-out position of each extension line of the conductive wire in the preset direction of the electrode unit to be at a distance x from the first position, so that the length g(x) of the extension line satisfies C is a constant, The phase of the liquid crystal material changes at a rate that varies with voltage. This allows the present invention to accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution even when the first drive voltage V1 applied to the first position and the second drive voltage V2 applied to the second position are outside the linear response region of the liquid crystal material. By adopting the solution of the present invention, the application of liquid crystal materials is no longer limited by the linear response range of the liquid crystal material. This improves the accuracy of phase distribution while also significantly enhancing the optical power of the liquid crystal lens and significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 is the response curve of the liquid crystal material;

[0028] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal lens of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode unit in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second electrode unit in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive wire in the first electrode unit in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive wire in the second electrode unit in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first connecting segment and the second connecting segment of the conductive wire in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a structure for extracting a curve segment from a curve that meets the conditions in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the extension line and two adjacent curved segments in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal lens array in one form of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11Schematic diagram of the structure of another form of liquid crystal lens array in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode units of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer projected onto the second reference plane in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal lens array in one form of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of another form of liquid crystal lens array in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode unit in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second electrode unit in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 17 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first conductive wire in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second conductive wire in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the first conductive wire in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the second conductive wire in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the structure of a sub-portion of the conductive wire in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of dividing the response curve of the liquid crystal material into several segments in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of a broken line of a response curve of an approximate replacement liquid crystal material in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 24 This is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal lens array with adjustable optical power in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the structure of another liquid crystal lens array with adjustable optical power in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 26Schematic diagram of a process for driving a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens cylindrical lens array with adjustable optical power in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 27 This is a schematic structural diagram of the projection of the electrode units of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer onto the second reference plane in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal lens array with adjustable optical power in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 29 Schematic diagram of the structure of another liquid crystal lens array with adjustable optical power in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 30 Schematic diagram of a process for driving a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens cylindrical lens array with adjustable optical power in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 31 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second electrode layer in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 32 Schematic diagram of the structure after the second electrode layer is decomposed into multiple electrode units in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 33 Schematic diagram of the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material corresponding to the Fresnel zone in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 34 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode unit in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 35 Schematic diagram of the structure of another electrode unit in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of a first conductive wire structure in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of another first conductive line structure in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 38 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first conductive line in Example 5 of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 39 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second electrode layer in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 40 Schematic diagram of the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material corresponding to the Fresnel ring zone in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 41 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode unit located near the center of the second electrode layer in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 42 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode unit located outside the second electrode layer in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 43 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first conductive wire in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 44 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the first conductive line in Example 6 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the term "comprises", "includes" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further limitations, elements defined by the phrase "comprising..." do not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the elements. The embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other if there is no conflict, and all are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This embodiment provides a liquid crystal optical device, comprising a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate stacked in sequence;

[0074] The first electrode layer 20 and / or the second electrode layer 60 include electrode units; the electrode unit 101 includes a conductive wire 61 and multiple lead wires 62, the conductive wire 61 includes a first position 611 and a second position 612, the first position 611 and the second position 612 are different, one end of the lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61, and the other end is suspended.

[0075] The conductive line between the first position and the second position includes a first connecting segment 614, a second connecting segment 615, and a plurality of extension lines 616 arranged along the first direction. The extension lines 616 extend from a starting position to a position connected to the first connecting segment 614. The lead-out position is set at the position where the extension line connects to the first connecting segment 614. The starting position of the extension line is connected to the second connecting segment 615.

[0076] Assuming that the distance between the lead-out position of each extension line 616 of the conductive line and the first position in the preset direction of the electrode unit is x, the length of the extension line is g(x), where C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0077] The first position is used to receive a first driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive a second driving voltage.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal cylindrical lens, which belongs to one of the aforementioned liquid crystal optical devices. The liquid crystal cylindrical lens in this embodiment includes a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate stacked in sequence; the lead wire 62 is led out from a position between the first position 611 and the second position 612 of the conductive wire 61, and the position where the lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61 is the lead-out position.

[0079] The liquid crystal rod lens in this embodiment can adopt a layered structure. The aforementioned liquid crystal layer 40, the first alignment layer 30, the second alignment layer 50, the first electrode layer 20, the second electrode layer 60, the first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate are respectively located in different layers, and the aforementioned layers are stacked and arranged along the light transmission direction of the liquid crystal optical device, that is, the normal direction of each layer. The arrangement method can be referred to Figure 2 As shown, in Figure 2In the liquid crystal optical device, from bottom to top along the light transmission direction are the first transparent substrate 10, the first electrode layer 20, the first alignment layer 30, the liquid crystal layer 40, the second alignment layer 50, the second electrode layer 60, and the second transparent substrate. Specifically, the first alignment layer 30 and the second alignment layer 50 are located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer 40, respectively. The first electrode layer 20 is located on the side of the first alignment layer 30 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40, and the second electrode layer 60 is located on the side of the second alignment layer 50 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40. The first transparent substrate 10 is located on the side of the first electrode layer 20 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40, and the second transparent substrate is located on the side of the second electrode layer 60 facing away from the liquid crystal layer 40.

[0080] The first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate can be made of a transparent material with a certain strength and rigidity, such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The first substrate can support the liquid crystal optical device. The first transparent substrate 10 can serve as a carrier for the first electrode layer 20, which can be deposited on the first substrate. The second substrate also provides support and can serve as a carrier for the second electrode layer 60, which can be deposited on the second transparent substrate.

[0081] The first electrode layer 20 is a surface electrode. In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 20 is used to form a plane with equal potential.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, an electrode unit 101 is provided in the second electrode layer 60 , and the potential generated by the electrode unit 101 is used to form a potential distribution that can affect the deflection of liquid crystal molecules.

[0083] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the electrode unit 101 includes a conductive wire 61 and a plurality of lead wires 62. Figure 5 As shown, the conductive line 61 includes a first position 611 and a second position 612, the first position 611 and the second position 612 are different, the width of the portion of the conductive line 61 located between the first position 611 and the second position 612 is the same, one end of the lead wire 62 is connected to the conductive line 61, and the other end is suspended.

[0084] The lead wires 62 are led out from a position between a first position 611 and a second position 612 of the conductive wire 61. The position where the lead wires 62 connect to the conductive wire 61 is the lead-out position. The lead-out positions are arranged at equal intervals along a preset direction of the electrode unit 101. In at least one preset area, the lead wires 62 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction of the electrode unit 101.

[0085] The aforementioned preset direction can be arbitrarily specified as needed. For example, if the electrode unit 101 is needed to control the potential distribution of each position in a certain direction in the space where the liquid crystal lens is located, the direction can be specified as the preset direction. The aforementioned preset area can be the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal lens. The functional area 90 of the liquid crystal lens refers to the area in the liquid crystal lens that can modulate light as needed. The spacing between two adjacent lead wires 62 can be the same as the spacing between two adjacent lead positions, or it can be different, and there is no restriction here. When the spacing between two adjacent lead wires 62 is different from the spacing between two adjacent lead positions, the spacing between the lead wires 62 can be proportionally enlarged or reduced based on the spacing between the lead positions, and there is no restriction here.

[0086] The conductive lines 61 in the aforementioned electrode unit 101 include, but are not limited to, wires with a certain resistance, or thin lines with a certain resistance and conductivity plated on the second substrate. To enhance the lens effect, the conductive lines 61 in this embodiment can be made of a transparent conductive material, including, but not limited to, ITO electrode materials, IZO electrode materials, FTO electrode materials, AZO electrode materials, IGZO electrode materials, and the like.

[0087] The lead wires 62 in the electrode unit 101 can be made entirely of transparent material, or at least partially of transparent material, for example, the portion of the lead wires 62 located in the liquid crystal lens functional area 90 can be made of transparent material. The number of lead wires 62 can be greater than or equal to two.

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a driving voltage can be applied to the electrode unit 101 in the second electrode layer 60 to drive the liquid crystal lens to work, wherein the first position 611 of the conductive line 61 in the second electrode layer 60 is used to receive the first driving voltage, and the second position 612 is used to receive the second driving voltage.

[0089] When the first position 611 and the second position 612 on the conductive wire 61 are respectively loaded with the aforementioned two driving voltages, an electric potential can be formed on the conductive wire 61 between the aforementioned two positions, the magnitude of which varies with the position of the conductive wire 61. Furthermore, because the lead wire 62 in this embodiment is connected to the conductive wire 61 at one end and the other end is suspended in the air, the electric potential at each position on the same lead wire 62 is equal and equal to the electric potential of the conductive wire 61 at the position where the lead wire 62 connects to the conductive wire 61. Furthermore, because in this embodiment, the width of the portion of the conductive wire 61 between the first position 611 and the second position 612 is the same, the electric potential at each lead position on the conductive wire 61 is linearly related to the length of the conductive wire 61 between that position and the first position 611.

[0090] like Figure 9 As shown, the conductive line between the first position and the second position includes a first connecting segment 614, a second connecting segment 615 and a plurality of extension lines 616 arranged along the first direction. The extension line 616 extends from a starting position to a position connected to the first connecting segment 614. The lead-out position is set at the position where the extension line is connected to the first connecting segment 614. The starting position of the extension line is connected to the second connecting segment 615.

[0091] Assuming that the distance between the lead-out position of each extension line 616 of the conductive line and the first position in the preset direction of the electrode unit is x, the length of the extension line is g(x), where C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0092] In this embodiment, the length L of the extension line 616 is set to be associated with the distance between the starting position of the extension line 616 and the first position of the electrode unit in the preset direction of the electrode unit. Specifically, the length of the extension line and the distance x between the starting position and the first position in the preset direction can satisfy a certain functional relationship. For the convenience of description, the functional relationship satisfied by the distance x between the starting position of the extension line and the first position in the preset direction is recorded as g(x). For ease of understanding, the relationship between the length L of the extension line 616 and the distance x between the starting position of the extension line and the first position in the preset direction can also be expressed by a rectangular coordinate system. We might as well use the distance between the starting position of the extension line 616 and the first position of the electrode unit in the preset direction as the x-axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and the length L of the extension line 616 as the y-axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system, then y=g(x) is satisfied in the rectangular coordinate system. Wherein C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0093] like Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 , as a preferred embodiment, the second connecting segment 615 is a curved segment. These curved segments are obtained by sequentially intercepting a curve that meets certain requirements. These curved segments are part of a curve that meets certain conditions, and the extension line is perpendicular to the first direction. For the convenience of description in this article, the equation of the aforementioned curve is set to g(x), and the aforementioned conditions are: Assuming that the first driving voltage applied at the first position 611 is V1 and the second driving voltage applied at the second position 612 is V2, the rate of change of the phase along the x direction is:

[0094]

[0095] because

[0096]

[0097] so

[0098]

[0099] but

[0100]

[0101] The phase distribution is

[0102]

[0103] When the phase is parabolically distributed along the x-axis

[0104]

[0105] therefore

[0106]

[0107] When satisfied

[0108] When , the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in this embodiment satisfies a parabolic distribution.

[0109] in Indicates the rate of change of liquid crystal phase with voltage, which is reflected in Figure 1 The slope of the response curve is shown on the graph. From the above relationship, we can see that the slope of the curve g(x) is proportional to the inverse of the slope of the response curve.

[0110] In this embodiment, because the potential on each lead wire 62 and the position through which each lead wire 62 passes can be precisely controlled, when the lead positions are arranged at equal intervals along a preset direction; and within a preset region, the lead wires 62 are parallel to each other and arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction, a precise potential distribution can be obtained that causes the phase of the liquid crystal material to form a parabolic distribution. Therefore, the liquid crystal lens of this embodiment is a liquid crystal cylindrical lens. With this structure, a high-precision potential distribution can be achieved by precisely controlling the shape of the curved segments, simplifying the design. Furthermore, this embodiment only requires a first drive voltage and a second drive voltage to achieve precise control of the potential at each position in the space where the liquid crystal lens is located. Therefore, this embodiment can achieve a more effective liquid crystal lens through a simple driving method.

[0111] Furthermore, because the electrode unit 101 of the liquid crystal lens in this embodiment employs the aforementioned structure, even if the first driving voltage V1 applied to the first position 611 and the second driving voltage V2 applied to the second position 612 of the second electrode layer 60 are outside the linear response region of the liquid crystal material, this embodiment can still accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material. This eliminates the limitations of the liquid crystal material's linear response region, significantly improving the optical power of the liquid crystal rod lens while improving phase distribution accuracy, thereby significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0112] According to an optional but advantageous embodiment, the lead wire 62 of the electrode unit 101 includes a first part and a second part respectively located on opposite sides of a first reference plane 80, wherein the first reference plane 80 is a plane passing through the first position 611 and perpendicular to the preset direction of the electrode unit 101.

[0113] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment can divide the space within the liquid crystal optical lens into two regions, bounded by a reference plane, and allow lead wires 62 to extend into both regions. This embodiment utilizes the aforementioned structure, allowing lead wires 62 to extend from only one region, thereby controlling the potential distribution in both regions. This allows the potential distribution on both sides of first position 611 to be controlled by applying a drive voltage at only two locations. Furthermore, the length of conductive wire 61 can be shortened by half, significantly reducing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption of the liquid crystal rod lens. In this embodiment, the extension wire can include only the first and second portions, or it can include other portions in addition to the first and second portions, without limitation.

[0114] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 As an optional but advantageous embodiment, the conductive wire 61 in the electrode unit 101 also includes a third position 613, the first position 611 is located between the third position 613 and the second position 612, and the third position 613 of the conductive wire 61 is used to receive a second driving voltage. The portion of the conductive wire 61 located between the first position 611 and the second position 612 has the same width, and the lead-out line 62 is also led out from the position between the first position 611 and the third position 613 of the conductive wire 61.

[0115] In this embodiment, a third position 613, which is loaded with a second driving voltage, is added to the aforementioned second position 612. This allows the second driving voltage to be applied simultaneously to both the second position 612 and the third position 613 of the conductive line 61. When the second driving voltage is applied simultaneously to both the second position 612 and the third position 613 of the conductive line 61, a position-dependent electric potential is generated between the second position 612 and the first position 611, and between the third position 613 and the first position 611 of the conductive line 61. The lead wires 62 can be extended from either side of the first position 611, meaning the lead wires can be located either between the second position 612 and the first position 611 or between the third position 613 and the first position 611. With the aforementioned structure, the lead wires 62 on either side of the first position 611 can be used to control the electric potential distribution on both sides of the first position 611, thereby causing the liquid crystal material to form a symmetrical parabolic phase distribution.

[0116] According to an optional but advantageous embodiment, the conductive wire 61 in this embodiment is located outside the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal lens. In the prior art, the element that generates the potential distribution needs to be placed in the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal lens to form a potential that affects the phase of the liquid crystal material. However, the element that generates the potential distribution in this way is limited by the scope of the functional area 90, making it difficult to meet the requirements of potential control. In contrast, this embodiment separates the element that generates the potential distribution (conductive wire 61) and the element that controls the potential distribution (lead wire 62), and places the element that generates the potential outside the functional area 90, while at least a portion of the element that controls the potential is located within the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal optical device. In this way, the element that generates the potential distribution is not restricted by the functional area 90, making it convenient to carry out precise design, and the element that generates the potential distribution and the functional area 90 do not affect each other.

[0117] According to an optional but advantageous embodiment, a high-impedance film or a high-dielectric-constant layer is provided between the second electrode layer 60 and the second alignment layer 50, or between the second electrode layer 60 and the second transparent substrate. This embodiment smoothes the potential between adjacent lead lines 62 by adding the high-impedance film or the high-dielectric-constant layer.

[0118] In this embodiment, the projections of the conductive line 61 and the planar electrode on a plane parallel to the second electrode layer 60 do not overlap.

[0119] In this embodiment, the surface electrode is left vacant at the position on the second electrode layer 60 facing the conductive line 61 , so that the conductive line 61 will not be affected by the capacitance effect between the surface electrode and the conductive line 61 , thereby further improving the optical effect of the liquid crystal rod lens.

[0120] like Figure 10As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal cylindrical lens array, which includes a plurality of liquid crystal cylindrical lenses 100 described in Example 1, and the plurality of liquid crystal cylindrical lenses 100 are arranged in an array. Because the liquid crystal cylindrical lens array in this embodiment uses the liquid crystal cylindrical lenses 100 in Example 1, the liquid crystal cylindrical lens array in this embodiment not only has a high phase distribution accuracy of the liquid crystal material, but also has a high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, and can obtain a higher optical power.

[0121] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides another form of liquid crystal column lens array. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal column lens array includes the liquid crystal column lens 100 described in Example 1. The lead wires 62 of the liquid crystal column lens extend to form a plurality of extension segments 621. The plurality of extension segments 621 are arranged in an array, and at least a portion of each extension segment 621 is located in the preset area.

[0122] The liquid crystal rod lens array of this embodiment is formed by extending the lead lines 62 of the liquid crystal rod lens array in Example 1 to form multiple extension segments 621. When the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are applied, the potential distribution formed by the portion of each extension segment 621 within the predetermined area can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 to deflect to form a parabolic phase distribution, thereby forming a liquid crystal rod lens corresponding to each extension segment 621. Because the extension segments 621 are arranged in an array, the liquid crystal rod lenses corresponding to each extension segment 621 are also arranged in an array.

[0123] like Figure 11 As shown, in each extension section 621, the lead lines 62 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals. The liquid crystal rod lens array in the figure has three extension sections 621, so a liquid crystal rod lens array consisting of three liquid crystal rod lenses 100 can be formed.

[0124] Since the liquid crystal cylindrical lens array in this embodiment is formed by extending the lead wires 62 of the liquid crystal cylindrical lens in Example 1, the liquid crystal cylindrical lens array in this embodiment not only has high phase distribution accuracy of the liquid crystal material, but also has high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, thereby achieving higher optical power.

[0125] This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cylindrical lens or a liquid crystal cylindrical lens array. The method is used to manufacture the liquid crystal cylindrical lens or liquid crystal lens array described in Example 1. The method includes the following steps:

[0126] S1: Obtaining a corresponding relationship between a phase of a liquid crystal material in a liquid crystal cylindrical lens or a liquid crystal cylindrical lens array and a driving voltage;

[0127] The corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage refers to the phase size of the liquid crystal material when a certain voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material. This corresponding relationship can also be expressed by the response curve of the liquid crystal material. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The horizontal axis of the middle curve is the magnitude of the applied voltage, and the vertical axis is the magnitude of the phase of the corresponding liquid crystal material. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage can also be obtained through the liquid crystal material response curve.

[0128] S2: Determine a first driving voltage V1 and a second driving voltage V2 according to the corresponding relationship;

[0129] In this step, the first and second drive voltages V1 and V2 are selected based on the aforementioned correspondence between drive voltage and phase, such that the magnitudes of the selected drive voltages meet the phase distribution range requirements of the liquid crystal material. To meet optical power requirements, this step may also determine the first and second drive voltages based on the optical relationship between optical power and the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material.

[0130] S3: determining the shape of the second connecting segment 615 on the conductive wire 61 according to the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 and the corresponding relationship;

[0131] When the corresponding relationship between the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 and the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage is determined, the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal molecules with the voltage change can be obtained. Then according to the relationship The equation of the curve g(x) is obtained. Finally, each curve segment in the second connecting segment 615 is sequentially intercepted from the curve g(x).

[0132] S4: manufacturing a liquid crystal cylindrical lens or a liquid crystal lens array according to the shape of the second connecting segment 615 on the conductive line 61 .

[0133] In this step, the electrodes in the second electrode layer 60 are manufactured according to the shape of the second connecting segment 615 obtained in the previous step. The manufacturing of the liquid crystal rod lens or the rest of the liquid crystal lens array can adopt existing manufacturing methods, which will not be described here.

[0134] The liquid crystal column lens, liquid crystal column lens array, and manufacturing method in this embodiment utilize conductive wires that can be loaded with two driving voltages to generate electric potentials of different sizes distributed according to the position of the conductive wires, and multiple lead wires are respectively led out from different positions of the non-conductive wires. Since one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire and the other end is suspended, the lead wire can diffuse the electric potential at the lead-out position on the conductive wire to the area where the lead wire extends. Even if the first driving voltage V1 loaded at the first position and the second driving voltage V2 loaded at the second position are not within the linear corresponding region of the liquid crystal material, the present invention can still accurately achieve a parabolic distribution of the phase of the liquid crystal material. After adopting the solution of the present invention, the application of the liquid crystal material is no longer limited by the linear response range of the liquid crystal material, thereby achieving improved phase distribution accuracy while also greatly improving the optical focal length of the liquid crystal column lens, and significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0135] Example 2

[0136] This embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens, a type of liquid crystal optical device, that can achieve the optical effect of a parabolic liquid crystal lens. The liquid crystal lens in this embodiment comprises a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate 70, stacked in sequence. With the exception of the first electrode layer 20, the remaining structure is identical to the liquid crystal lens in Example 1. The first electrode layer 20 in this embodiment no longer utilizes the planar electrode of Example 1, but instead utilizes the same electrode unit 101 as the second electrode layer in Example 1.

[0137] like Figure 12 As shown, the preset direction of the electrode unit of the first electrode layer is perpendicular to the preset direction of the electrode unit of the second electrode layer; in this embodiment, driving voltages can be applied to the electrode unit 101 in the first electrode layer 20 and the electrode unit 101 in the second electrode layer 60 respectively to drive the liquid crystal lens to work, wherein the first position 611 of the conductive line 61 in the first electrode layer 20 is used to receive the first driving voltage, and the second position 612 is used to receive the second driving voltage; the first position 611 of the conductive line 61 in the second electrode layer 60 is used to receive the third driving voltage, and the second position 612 is used to receive the fourth driving voltage.

[0138] In this embodiment, electrode units 101 are provided in both the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 , and the potentials generated by the electrode units 101 in the two electrode layers are superimposed to form a potential distribution that can affect the deflection of liquid crystal molecules.

[0139] In this embodiment, for both the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer 20 and the electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60, since the potential on each lead wire 62 and the position through which each lead wire 62 passes can be precisely controlled, when the lead positions are arranged at equal intervals along a preset direction; and in a preset area, the lead wires 62 are parallel to each other and arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction, a precise potential distribution that causes the phase of the liquid crystal material to form a parabolic distribution can be obtained. With the aforementioned structure, only the shape of the curve segment needs to be precisely controlled to obtain a high-precision potential distribution, making the design simpler. Since the preset direction of the electrode units 101 of the first electrode layer 20 is perpendicular to the preset direction of the electrode units 101 of the second electrode layer 60, the potentials of the electrode units 101 in the two electrode layers can be superimposed to form a potential distribution that is precisely parabolic.

[0140] Moreover, this embodiment only requires four driving voltages, namely the first driving voltage, the second driving voltage, the third driving voltage and the fourth driving voltage, to achieve precise control of the potential at each position of the liquid crystal lens in the space. Therefore, this embodiment can obtain a liquid crystal lens with better effect through a simple driving method.

[0141] Furthermore, because the electrode unit 101 of the liquid crystal lens in this embodiment employs the aforementioned structure, even if the first driving voltage V1 applied to the first position 611 and the second driving voltage V2 applied to the second position 612 of the first electrode layer 20, as well as the third driving voltage V3 applied to the first position 611 and the fourth driving voltage V4 applied to the fourth position of the second electrode layer 60, are outside the linear response region of the liquid crystal material, this embodiment can still accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material. This eliminates the limitation of the liquid crystal material's linear response region in its application, thereby significantly improving the optical power of the liquid crystal rod lens while improving the phase distribution accuracy, and significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0142] According to an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, a high-impedance film or a high-dielectric constant layer is disposed between the second electrode layer 60 and the second alignment layer 50, or between the second electrode layer 60 and the second transparent substrate. This embodiment smoothes the potential between adjacent lead lines 62 by adding the high-impedance film or high-dielectric constant layer. Similarly, a high-impedance film or a high-dielectric constant layer may also be disposed between the first electrode layer 20 and the first alignment layer 30, or between the first electrode layer 20 and the first transparent substrate 10.

[0143] like Figure 13As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens array, including the liquid crystal lens described in this embodiment, at least one electrode layer of the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 includes at least two electrode units 101, and the projections of the lead lines 62 in the first electrode layer 20 and the lead lines 62 in the second electrode layer 60 on the second reference plane form a plurality of intersection areas 110 arranged in an array, and the second reference plane is a plane parallel to the lead lines 62 of the first electrode unit 101 and the lead lines 62 of the second electrode unit 101.

[0144] The aforementioned intersection area 110 refers to the area where the projections of the lead lines 62 in the first electrode layer 20 and the lead lines 62 in the second electrode layer 60 on the second reference plane overlap with each other. In this embodiment, one electrode unit 101 can be set in one of the electrode layers, and two or more electrode units 101 can be set in the other electrode layer, or two or more electrode units 101 can be set in both electrode layers. The respective electrode units 101 in the two electrode layers can form a plurality of intersection areas 110 arranged in an array. In these intersection areas 110, the electric potentials of the two electrode layers are superimposed on each other to form a parabolic distribution of electric potentials. The electric field generated by the distributed electric potentials in these areas can drive the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby forming individual liquid crystal lenses. The aperture and spacing of the aforementioned liquid crystal lenses can be adjusted as needed.

[0145] By adopting the aforementioned structure, this embodiment can form a precise paraboloidally distributed electric potential in each intersection region 110, thereby achieving a more effective liquid crystal lens array. Furthermore, because the liquid crystal lens array in this embodiment utilizes the liquid crystal lens of Example 1, the liquid crystal lens array in this embodiment not only has a highly accurate phase distribution of the liquid crystal material, but also has a high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, thereby achieving a higher optical power.

[0146] like Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment provides another form of liquid crystal lens array, and in this embodiment, the liquid crystal lens array includes the liquid crystal lens described in this embodiment, wherein the lead lines 62 of the electrode units 101 in at least one electrode layer of the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 of the liquid crystal lens extend to form a plurality of extension segments 621, and the projections of the extension segments 621 of the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer 20 and the extension segments 621 of the electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60 on the second reference plane form a plurality of intersection areas 110 arranged in an array; in the same intersection area 110, the lead lines 62 of the same electrode unit 101 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along a preset direction of the electrode unit 101, and the second reference plane is a plane parallel to both the lead lines 62 of the first electrode unit 101 and the lead lines 62 of the second electrode unit 101.

[0147] The liquid crystal lens array of this embodiment can be formed by extending the lead wires 62 of the liquid crystal lens of the embodiment further to form multiple extended segments 621. Each extended segment 621 can control the potential distribution in its corresponding region, thereby driving the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 in its corresponding region to deflect. The projections of the extended segments 621 of the two electrode layers on the second reference plane form multiple overlapping regions, namely the aforementioned intersection regions 110, each corresponding to a liquid crystal lens. When the first electrode layer 20 is applied with the first and second driving voltages, the potential distribution formed by the portion of each extended segment 621 in the intersection region 110 can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 to deflect, forming a parabolic phase distribution. Similarly, when the second electrode layer 60 is applied with the third and fourth driving voltages, the potential distribution formed by the portion of each extended segment 621 in the intersection region 110 can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 to deflect, forming a parabolic phase distribution. The potentials of the two electrode layers are superimposed to form a parabolic potential distribution in the intersection region 110. Since the intersection regions 110 are arranged in an array, the liquid crystal lenses corresponding to the intersection regions 110 are also arranged in an array.

[0148] By adopting the aforementioned structure, this embodiment can form a precise paraboloidally distributed electric potential in each intersection region 110, thereby achieving a more effective liquid crystal lens array. Because the liquid crystal rod lens array in this embodiment is formed by extending the lead wires 62 of the liquid crystal rod lens in Example 1, the liquid crystal rod lens array in this embodiment not only has a high phase distribution accuracy of the liquid crystal material, but also has a high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, thereby achieving a higher optical power.

[0149] This embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array. The method is used to manufacture the liquid crystal lens or the liquid crystal lens array described in this embodiment, and the method includes the following steps:

[0150] S1B: Obtaining the corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and the driving voltage;

[0151] S2B: Determine the first driving voltage V1, the second driving voltage V2, the third driving voltage V1 and the fourth driving voltage V2 according to the corresponding relationship;

[0152] In this step, based on the aforementioned correspondence between drive voltage and phase, the first drive voltage V1 and the second drive voltage V2, as well as the third drive voltage V3 and the fourth drive voltage V4, are selected for driving the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer 20. The magnitudes of the selected drive voltages meet the phase distribution range requirements of the liquid crystal material. To meet optical power requirements, this step may also determine the first drive voltage V1, the second drive voltage V2, the third drive voltage V1, and the fourth drive voltage V2 based on the optical relationship between optical power and the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material.

[0153] S3B: determining the shape of each second connecting segment 615 on the conductive line 61 in the first electrode layer 20 according to the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 and the corresponding relationship;

[0154] When the corresponding relationship between the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 and the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage is determined, the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal molecules with the voltage change can be obtained. Then according to the relationship The equation of the curve g(x) is obtained. Finally, each curve segment in the second connecting segment 615 is sequentially intercepted from the curve g(x) to serve as a standard for manufacturing each curve segment 6 in the first electrode layer 20 .

[0155] S4B: determining the shape of each second connecting segment 615 on the conductive line 61 in the second electrode layer 60 according to the third driving voltage V3 and the fourth driving voltage V4 and the corresponding relationship;

[0156] Similarly, when the corresponding relationship between the third driving voltage V3 and the fourth driving voltage V4 and the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage is determined, the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal molecules with the voltage change can be obtained. Then according to the relationship Finally, the curve segments 6141 in the second section 615 are sequentially intercepted from the curve g(x) to serve as a standard for manufacturing the curve segments 6141 in the second electrode layer 60 .

[0157] S5B: A liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array is manufactured according to the shapes of the curved segments 6141 on the conductive lines 61 in the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 .

[0158] In this step, the electrodes in the first electrode layer 20 are fabricated according to the shapes of the curved segments 6141 obtained in S3, and the electrodes in the second electrode layer 60 are fabricated according to the shapes of the curved segments 6141 obtained in S4. The remaining components of the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array can be fabricated using existing fabrication methods and will not be described in detail here. The liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array fabricated using the aforementioned methods can significantly improve its optical power and significantly increase the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0159] The liquid crystal lens, liquid crystal lens array, and manufacturing method of the present invention utilize conductive wires capable of loading two driving voltages to generate electric potentials varying in magnitude depending on the position of the conductive wires. Multiple lead wires are then extended from different positions on the non-conductive wires. Since one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire and the other end is suspended, the lead wires can diffuse the electric potential at the lead-out position on the conductive wire to the area where the lead wires extend. Based on the aforementioned structure, the present invention arranges the lead-out positions at equal intervals along a first direction; within a predetermined area of ​​the second electrode layer, the lead wires are arranged parallel to each other and at equal intervals along the first direction, and the distance x between the lead-out position of each extension line and the first position and the length of the extension line satisfy a functional relationship g(x). Thus, even if the first driving voltage V1 loaded at the first position and the second driving voltage V2 loaded at the second position are not within the linear corresponding region of the liquid crystal material, the present invention can still achieve an accurate parabolic distribution of the phase of the liquid crystal material in the first and second electrode layers. The present invention arranges first and second electrode layers on either side of the liquid crystal layer, aligning the electrode units in the two layers in predetermined directions perpendicular to each other. This allows the potentials generated by the electrode units in the two layers to be superimposed to form a precise parabolic distribution. This solution eliminates the limitations of the liquid crystal material's linear response range, improving the phase distribution accuracy while also significantly increasing the optical power of the liquid crystal lens and significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0160] Example 3

[0161] This embodiment provides a liquid crystal cylindrical lens with adjustable optical power, which is a type of liquid crystal optical device. The liquid crystal cylindrical lens with adjustable optical power in this embodiment includes a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate 70, which are stacked in sequence. Except for the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60, the remaining structure of the liquid crystal lens in this embodiment can adopt the same structural form as that in Example 1.

[0162] The first electrode layer 20 is a surface electrode. In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 20 is used to form a plane with equal potential.

[0163] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in this embodiment, an electrode unit 101 is provided in the second electrode layer 60. The electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60 each include a conductive wire 61 and a plurality of lead wires 62. Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the conductive line 61 includes a plurality of sub-portions 611 arranged along a preset direction of the electrode unit 101, wherein the preset direction of the electrode unit 101 can be arbitrarily specified as needed. For example, if it is necessary to control the potential distribution of various positions in a certain direction in the space where the liquid crystal lens is located, then this direction can be specified as the preset direction of the electrode unit 101. The aforementioned preset direction can be arbitrarily specified as needed. For example, if it is necessary to use the electrode unit 101 to control the potential distribution of various positions in a certain direction in the space where the liquid crystal lens is located, then this direction can be specified as the preset direction.

[0164] The aforementioned multiple sub-sections 611 indicate that the number of sub-sections 611 of the conductive wire 61 is two or more. The conductive wire 61 and lead wires 62 in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, wires with a certain resistance, or thin, electrically conductive lines coated on a transparent second substrate. The conductive wires and lead wires can be made of the same material as in Example 1.

[0165] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, any sub-portion 611 of the conductive line 61 includes a first position 6111 and a second position 6112, and the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 are different. The portion of the sub-portion 611 between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 has the same width. The first position 6111 of the sub-portion 611 is used to receive a first driving voltage, and the second position 6112 is used to receive a second driving voltage.

[0166] In this embodiment, the first driving voltage is loaded at the first position 6111 of each sub-section 611, and the second driving voltage is loaded at the second position 6112 of each sub-section 611. Since the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 are different, the positions at which the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are loaded on each sub-section 611 are also different.

[0167] When the two driving voltages are applied to the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the sub-portion 611 respectively, an electric potential whose magnitude varies with the position of the sub-portion 611 can be formed on the sub-portion 611 between the two positions.

[0168] One end of the lead-out wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61, and the other end is suspended. The lead-out wire 62 is led out from a position between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the sub-section 611. The position where the lead-out wire 62 is connected to the conductive wire 61 is the lead-out position. The lead-out position is located between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the sub-section 611, and at least two lead-out positions are different. In at least one preset area of ​​the electrode unit 101, the lead-out wires 62 are parallel to each other.

[0169] Because the lead wire 62 in this embodiment is connected to the conductive wire 61 at one end and the other end is suspended, the potential at each position on the same lead wire 62 is equal and equal to the potential of the conductive wire 61 at the connection point between the lead wire 62 and the conductive wire 61. In addition, because the width of the portion of the sub-section 611 between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 is the same in this embodiment, the potential at each lead position on the sub-section 611 is linearly related to the length of the conductive wire 61 between that position and the first position 6111.

[0170] like Figure 21 As shown, the sub-section 611 includes multiple extension lines 6114, a first connecting line 6115 and a second connecting line 6116. Two adjacent extension lines 6114 are connected by the first connecting line 6115 or the second connecting line 6116. The multiple extension lines 6114 are arranged in sequence along the preset direction of the electrode unit 101. The extension line 6114 extends from the starting position 6118 to the position connected to the first connecting line 6115. The lead-out position is set at the position where the extension line 6114 is connected to the first connecting line 6115. The starting position 6118 of the extension line 6114 is connected to the second connecting line 6116.

[0171] In this embodiment, each extension line 6114 is connected end-to-end via a first connection line 6115 or a second connection line 6116 to form a potential distribution when the first drive voltage and the second drive voltage are applied. The aforementioned multiple extension lines 6114 are arranged sequentially along the preset direction of the electrode unit 101. In this way, the potential on different extension lines 6114 can be used to control the potential distribution at various positions in the preset direction of the electrode unit 101.

[0172] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, the starting position 6118 and the lead-out position of at least one extension line 6114 among the multiple extension lines 6114 are connected to two adjacent extension lines 6114 via a second connecting line 6116 and a first connecting line 6115, respectively. With the aforementioned structure, the second conductive line 61 forms a structure that bends back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the preset direction of the electrode unit 101. The lead-out position can be set at the bending point. This can make the first conductive line 61 occupy less space and make the lead-out position more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of the potential distribution control. To further improve the accuracy, in this embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent extension lines 6114 is less than or equal to 100μm.

[0173] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, for the electrode unit 101, assuming that the distance between the lead-out position of each extension line 6114 of the conductive line 61 in the preset direction of the electrode unit 101 and the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61 is x, the length of the extension line 6114 is f(x), where f(x) is a broken line composed of multiple straight line segments, and the endpoints of each straight line end of f(x) are all located on g(x), where C is a constant, It represents the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage, and the origin position 6117 is the first position 6111 of one of the sub-portions 611.

[0174] During specific implementation, the first position 6111 of a sub-section 611 on the conductive line 61 is selected as the origin. In this embodiment, the length L of the extension line 6114 is set to be associated with the distance between the lead-out position and the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61. Specifically, the length L of the extension line 6114 and the distance x between the lead-out position and the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61 can satisfy a certain functional relationship. For ease of description, the functional relationship satisfied by the length L of the extension line 6114 and the distance x between the lead-out position and the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61 is recorded as f(x). For ease of understanding, the relationship between the length L of the extension line 6114 and the distance x between the lead-out position and the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61 can also be expressed by a rectangular coordinate system. We might as well use the distance x between the lead-out position and the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61 as the x-axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and the length L of the extension line 6114 as the y-axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system, then y=f(x) is satisfied in the rectangular coordinate system. As Figure 12 As shown, the function graph corresponding to the function f(x) is a broken line composed of multiple straight line segments, such as Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown in , the endpoints of each straight line segment are located on the image corresponding to the function g(x), that is, a broken line with endpoints on g(x) is used to approximate g(x). C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0175] For any subsection 611, assuming that the first driving voltage applied at the first position 6111 is V1 and the second driving voltage applied at the second position 6112 is V2, the phase change rate along the x direction is:

[0176]

[0177] When satisfied

[0178] When , the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in this embodiment satisfies a parabolic distribution.

[0179] in Indicates the rate of change of liquid crystal phase with voltage, which is reflected in Figure 1 The slope of the response curve is shown on the graph. From the above relationship, we can see that the slope of the curve g(x) is proportional to the inverse of the slope of the response curve.

[0180] The foregoing analysis demonstrates that, when electrode unit 101 is in operation, the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material conforms to a parabolic distribution. Because this embodiment divides the conductive line 61 into multiple subsections 611, each subsection 611 corresponds to a segment of the response curve. The combination of these subsections 611 can correspond to a wide range of response curves. By applying a first drive voltage and a second drive voltage corresponding to the response curve to each subsection 611 and proportionally adjusting the difference between the first and second drive voltages for each subsection 611, the optical power of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted over a wide optical power range.

[0181] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the conductive line 61 includes n sub-portions 611, and the n sub-portions 611 are located on the same side of the origin position 6117 in the preset direction of the electrode unit 101, that is, the conductive line 61 is set on one side, and the corresponding lead line 62 includes a first portion and a second portion located on opposite sides of the first reference plane 80, respectively. The first reference plane 80 is a plane passing through the origin position 6117 of the conductive line 61 and perpendicular to the preset direction. Figure 15 As shown, the space where the liquid crystal lens is located is divided into two areas with the first reference plane 80 as the boundary, wherein the second conductive line 61 can span the two areas. In this way, the same conductive line 61 can be used to control the potential distribution of the two areas, thereby shortening the length of the conductive line 61 by half, and significantly reducing the production cost and energy consumption of the liquid crystal lens.

[0182] Assume that the first driving voltage of the i-th sub-unit 611 is Vu i, the second driving voltage is Vw i ,like Figure 10 As shown, C / g(x) is divided into n segments, where the driving voltage corresponding to the starting position of segment i is Vs i , the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve i , the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the n sub-units 611 satisfy:

[0183] |Vw i -Vu i |≤Ve i -Vs i , and Vw1-Vu1: Vw2-Vu2: ... Vw n -Vu n =Ve1-Vs1:Ve2-Vs2:……Ve n -Vs n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and 2≤i≤n. When the above conditions are met, the optical power of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted by adjusting the driving voltage of each sub-unit 611.

[0184] For example, as shown in FIG17 , the conductive wire 61 is provided with three sub-sections 611 , wherein the first driving voltage Vu1 of the first sub-section 611 is V1, and the second driving voltage Vw1 is V2; the first driving voltage Vu2 of the second sub-section 611 is V3, and the second driving voltage Vw2 is V4; the first driving voltage Vu3 of the third sub-section 611 is V5, and the second driving voltage Vw3 is V6.

[0185] As shown in FIG. 22 , the response curve C / g(x) of the liquid crystal material is divided into three segments. The driving voltage corresponding to the starting point of the first segment is Vs1 = Va, and the driving voltage corresponding to the end point is Ve1 = Vb. The driving voltage corresponding to the starting point of the second segment is Vs2 = Vb, and the driving voltage corresponding to the end point is Ve2 = Vc. The driving voltage corresponding to the starting point of the third segment is Vs3 = Vc, and the driving voltage corresponding to the end point is Ve3 = Vd. The driving voltages of each sub-unit 611 satisfy the following equation:

[0186]

[0187] like Figure 18As shown, as one optional but advantageous embodiment, the conductive wire 61 includes 2m+1 sub-sections 611, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the origin position 6117 along the preset direction of the electrode unit 101. In the aforementioned structure, the conductive wire 61 and the lead wire 62 are arranged in a manner relative to the first reference plane 80. The sub-section 611 in the middle position spans both sides of the first reference plane 80 and has a symmetrical shape relative to the first reference plane 80. In this embodiment, the sub-section 611 in the middle position also includes a third position 6113. The first position 6111 is located between the third position 6113 and the second position 6112. The third position 6113 of the conductive wire 61 is used to receive the second driving voltage. The portion of the conductive wire 61 between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 has the same width. The lead wire 62 also extends from the position between the first position 6111 and the third position 6113 of the conductive wire 61.

[0188] In this embodiment, a third position 6113, which is loaded with a second driving voltage, is added to the aforementioned second position 6112. This allows the second driving voltage to be applied simultaneously to both the second position 6112 and the third position 6113 of the conductive line 61. When the second driving voltage is applied simultaneously to both the second position 6112 and the third position 6113 of the conductive line 61, a position-dependent electric potential is generated between the second position 6112 and the first position 6111, and between the third position 6113 and the first position 6111 of the conductive line 61. The lead wires 62 can be extended from either side of the first position 6111, i.e., the lead wires can be located either between the second position 6112 and the first position 6111, or between the third position 6113 and the first position 6111. With the aforementioned structure, the lead wires 62 on either side of the first position 6111 can be used to control the electric potential distribution on both sides of the first position 6111, thereby causing the liquid crystal material to form a symmetrical parabolic phase distribution.

[0189] When the aforementioned symmetrical structure is adopted, the first driving voltage of the K-th sub-section 611 from the origin position 6117 toward the preset direction of the electrode unit 101 is Vu K , the second driving voltage is Vw K ,like Figure 22 As shown, C / g(x) is divided into m segments, where the driving voltage corresponding to the starting point of the kth segment is Vs k , the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve k , the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the m sub-sections 611 in the preset direction from the origin position 6117 toward the electrode unit 101 satisfy:

[0190] |Vw i -Vu i|≤Ve i -Vs i , and Vw1-Vu1: Vw2-Vu2: ... Vw n -Vu n =Ve1-Vs1:Ve2-Vs2:……Ve n -Vs n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, 2≤i≤n;

[0191] The first driving voltage of the remaining sub-sections 611 is the same as the first driving voltage applied to the symmetrical sub-section 611, and the second driving voltage is the same as the second driving voltage applied to the symmetrical sub-section 611. When the above conditions are met, the optical power of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted by adjusting the driving voltage of each sub-section 611.

[0192] For example Figure 18 As shown, the conductive wire 61 is provided with 5 sub-sections 611. The first driving voltage Vu1=V1 and the second driving voltage Vw1=V2 of the first sub-section 611, starting from the origin position 6117 toward the preset direction of the electrode unit 101, the first driving voltage Vu2=V3 and the second driving voltage Vw2=V4 of the second sub-section 611, the first driving voltage Vu3=V5 and the second driving voltage Vw3=V6 of the third sub-section 611.

[0193] like Figure 22 As shown, the response curve C / g(x) of the liquid crystal material is divided into three segments. The driving voltage corresponding to the starting position of the first segment is Vs1=Va, and the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve1=Vb; the driving voltage corresponding to the starting position of the second segment is Vs2=Vb, and the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve2=Vc; the driving voltage corresponding to the starting position of the third segment is Vs3=Vc, and the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve3=Vd. Then, the driving voltage of each sub-unit 611 satisfies:

[0194]

[0195] like Figure 18 As shown, the second sub-portion 611 calculated from the origin position 6117 in the direction opposite to the preset direction of the electrode unit 101 and the second sub-portion 611 calculated from the origin position 6117 in the preset direction of the electrode unit 101 are symmetrical to each other, and the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the two are also symmetrical positions, and the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage loaded on the two are also the same.

[0196] The third sub-section 611, measured from the origin 6117 in the direction opposite to the preset direction of the electrode unit 101, is symmetrical to the third sub-section 611, measured from the origin 6117 in the preset direction of the electrode unit 101. The first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the two sub-sections are also symmetrical, and the first and second driving voltages applied to the two sub-sections are also the same. In this embodiment, the number of sub-sections 611 can be set as needed and is not limited here. A greater number of sub-sections 611 will result in a more accurate potential distribution.

[0197] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the conductive wire 61 is located outside the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal lens with adjustable optical power. In the prior art, the element that generates the potential distribution needs to be placed in the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal lens to form a potential that affects the phase of the liquid crystal material. However, the element that generates the potential distribution in this way is limited by the scope of the functional area 90, making it difficult to meet the requirements of potential control. In contrast, this embodiment separates the element that generates the potential distribution (conductive wire 61) from the element that controls the potential distribution (lead wire 62), and places the element that generates the potential outside the functional area 90, while at least a portion of the element that controls the potential is located within the functional area 90 of the liquid crystal optical device. In this way, the element that generates the potential distribution is not restricted by the functional area 90, making it convenient to carry out precise design, and the element that generates the potential distribution and the functional area 90 do not affect each other.

[0198] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, a high-resistance film or a high dielectric constant layer is provided between the second electrode layer 60 and the second alignment layer or between the second electrode layer 60 and the second transparent substrate.

[0199] Similarly, in this embodiment, a high-resistance film or a high dielectric constant layer is provided between the first electrode layer 20 and the first alignment layer 30 or between the first electrode layer 20 and the first transparent substrate 10 .

[0200] In this embodiment, a high-resistance film or a high-dielectric-constant layer is added to smoothen the potential between adjacent lead lines 62 .

[0201] like Figure 24As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal lenticular lens array with adjustable optical power. The liquid crystal lenticular lens array includes a plurality of liquid crystal lenticular lenses 100 with adjustable optical power as described in Example 1, wherein the plurality of liquid crystal lenticular lenses 100 with adjustable optical power are arranged in an array. Because the liquid crystal lenticular lens array with adjustable optical power in this embodiment uses the liquid crystal lenticular lenses 100 with adjustable optical power in Example 1, the liquid crystal lenticular lens array with adjustable optical power in this embodiment not only has a high phase distribution accuracy of the liquid crystal material, but also has a high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, thereby achieving a higher optical power. In addition, the optical power of each liquid crystal lenticular lens in the liquid crystal lenticular lens array can be adjusted by adjusting the difference between the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage of each sub-unit 611, thereby adjusting the optical power of the entire liquid crystal lenticular lens array.

[0202] like Figure 25 As shown, this embodiment provides another form of liquid crystal column lens array with adjustable optical focal length. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal column lens array with adjustable optical focal length includes the crystal column lens 100 described in this embodiment. The lead wire 62 of the liquid crystal column lens with adjustable optical focal length extends to form a plurality of extension segments 621. The plurality of extension segments 621 are arranged in an array, and at least a portion of each extension segment 621 is located in the preset area.

[0203] The adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lens array of this embodiment extends the lead lines 62 of the adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lens array of Example 1 to form a plurality of extension segments 621. When the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are applied, the potential distribution formed by the portion of each extension segment 621 within a predetermined area can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 to deflect to form a parabolic phase distribution, thereby forming an adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lens corresponding to each extension segment 621. Because the extension segments 621 are arranged in an array, the adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lenses corresponding to each extension segment 621 are also arranged in an array.

[0204] like Figure 25 As shown, in each extension section 621, the lead lines 62 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals. The optical power adjustable liquid crystal rod lens array in the figure has three extension sections 621, so that an optical power adjustable liquid crystal rod lens array composed of three optical power adjustable liquid crystal rod lenses 100 can be formed.

[0205] Since the optical focal length adjustable liquid crystal column lens array in this embodiment is formed by extending the lead wires 62 of the optical focal length adjustable liquid crystal column lens in Example 1, the optical focal length adjustable liquid crystal column lens array in this embodiment not only has a high phase distribution accuracy of the liquid crystal material, but also has a high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, and can obtain a higher optical focal length. In addition, the optical focal length can be adjusted by adjusting the two driving voltages on the sub-portions of each conductive line.

[0206] like Figure 26 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for driving a liquid crystal cylindrical lens or a liquid crystal cylindrical lens array with adjustable optical power. The method is used to drive the liquid crystal cylindrical lens or liquid crystal cylindrical lens array described in this embodiment, and the method includes the following steps:

[0207] S1C: Obtaining a corresponding relationship curve between the phase of the liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal rod lens or the liquid crystal rod lens array and the driving voltage;

[0208] The corresponding relationship curve between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage is a curve formed by the size of the phase of the liquid crystal material when a certain voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material. This corresponding relationship curve is represented by the response curve of the liquid crystal material. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis of the curve is the magnitude of the applied voltage, and the vertical axis is the magnitude of the phase of the corresponding liquid crystal material. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage can also be obtained through the liquid crystal material response curve.

[0209] S2C: Determine the range of the driving voltage according to the corresponding relationship curve;

[0210] In this step, the driving voltage range of the liquid crystal rod lens is selected according to the aforementioned corresponding relationship curve, so that the driving voltage within the selected range is located on the corresponding relationship curve. For example, the portion between Va and Vd in the figure can be selected as the driving voltage range.

[0211] S3C: dividing the correspondence curve into segments corresponding to the number of sub-sections of the conductive line within the driving voltage range according to the correspondence curve and the driving voltage range;

[0212] When the conductive line includes n sub-portions, and the n sub-portions are located on the same side of the origin in the first direction, the response relationship curve C / g(x) is correspondingly divided into n segments.

[0213] When the conductive line includes 2m+1 sub-portions, and the 2m+1 sub-portions are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the origin along the first direction, the response relationship curve C / g(x) is correspondingly divided into m segments.

[0214] S4C: Obtain the voltage corresponding to the starting position and the voltage corresponding to the end position of each segment of the corresponding relationship curve;

[0215] S5C: driving the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage of each sub-unit according to the voltage corresponding to the starting position and the voltage corresponding to the end position of each segment as the voltage adjustment condition;

[0216] In this embodiment, when the conductive line includes n sub-sections, and the n sub-sections are located on the same side of the origin position in the first direction, C / g(x) is divided into n segments, where the driving voltage corresponding to the starting position of the i-th segment is Vs i , the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve i The voltage regulation condition is that the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage loaded by the n sub-units satisfy:

[0217] |Vw i -Vu i |≤Ve i -Vs i , and Vw1-Vu1: Vw2-Vu2: ... Vw n -Vu n =Ve1-Vs1:Ve2-Vs2:……Ve n -Vs n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, 2≤i≤n.

[0218] In this embodiment, when the conductive line includes 2m+1 sub-portions, and the 2m+1 sub-portions are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the origin along the first direction, the response relationship curve C / g(x) is correspondingly divided into m segments.

[0219] Assume that the first driving voltage of the Kth sub-unit from the origin toward the first direction is Vu K , the second driving voltage is Vw K , C / g(x) is divided into m segments, where the driving voltage corresponding to the starting point of the kth segment is Vs k , the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve k The voltage adjustment condition is that the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the m sub-divisions from the origin toward the first direction satisfy:

[0220] |Vw i -Vu i |≤Ve i -Vs i , and Vw1-Vu1: Vw2-Vu2: ... Vw n -Vu n =Ve1-Vs1:Ve2-Vs2:……Ve n -Vs n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, 2≤i≤n;

[0221] The first driving voltage of the remaining sub-sections is the same as the first driving voltage loaded on the sub-section symmetrical thereto, and the second driving voltage thereof is the same as the second driving voltage loaded on the sub-section symmetrical thereto.

[0222] S6C: Adjust the difference between the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, and make the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage satisfy a voltage adjustment condition.

[0223] In this embodiment, the optical power of the liquid crystal cylindrical lens can be adjusted by adjusting the difference in the driving voltages of the various sub-units under the aforementioned conditions.

[0224] In the present embodiment, the adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lens, adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lens array, electronic product, and manufacturing method, a conductive line is configured to be composed of multiple sub-sections. Each sub-section generates a potential that varies in magnitude depending on the position of the conductive line. Multiple lead wires are extended from different positions on the conductive line. Since one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive line and the other end is suspended, the lead wire can diffuse the potential at the lead-out position on the conductive line to the area where the lead wire extends. Based on the aforementioned structure, the distance between the lead-out position of each extension of the conductive line in a first direction and the origin of the conductive line and the length f(x) of the extension line satisfy the requirement that f(x) is a broken line composed of multiple straight line segments, with the endpoints of each straight line segment of f(x) located on g(x). In this way, even if the first drive voltage V1 applied to the first position of each sub-section and the second drive voltage V2 applied to the second position are not within the linear corresponding region of the liquid crystal material, this embodiment can still accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material. With the solution of the present invention, the application of liquid crystal materials is no longer limited by the linear response range of the liquid crystal material. This improves the phase distribution accuracy while also significantly increasing the optical power of the adjustable-power liquid crystal rod lens, significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material. The optical power of the liquid crystal rod lens can also be adjusted by adjusting the voltage applied to each sub-unit.

[0225] Example 4

[0226] This embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens with adjustable focal length, a liquid crystal optical device. The liquid crystal lens with adjustable focal length in this embodiment can achieve the effect of a parabolic liquid crystal lens. The liquid crystal lens with adjustable focal length in this embodiment includes a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate 70, stacked in sequence. With the exception of the first electrode layer 20, the remaining layers in this embodiment can employ the same structure as the liquid crystal rod lens in Example 3.

[0227] like Figure 27As shown, in this embodiment, electrode units 101 are provided in both the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60. The potentials generated by the electrode units 101 in the two electrode layers are superimposed to form a potential distribution that can influence the deflection of liquid crystal molecules. In this embodiment, the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer 20 and the electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60 can adopt the same structural form and voltage drive method as the electrode units in the second electrode layer 60 in Example 3. The projections of the lead lines 62 in the first electrode layer and the lead lines 62 in the second electrode layer 60 on the second reference plane have a partially intersecting area. The preset directions of the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer 20 and the preset directions of the electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60 are perpendicular to each other. Because the preset directions of the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer and the preset directions of the electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60 are perpendicular to each other, the combined effect of the potential distributions generated by the electrode units 101 in the first and second electrode layers 60 results in a precise parabolic phase distribution in the liquid crystal material.

[0228] Because this embodiment divides the conductive line 61 into multiple subsections 611, each subsection 611 corresponds to a segment of the response curve. The subsections 611, when combined, can correspond to a wide range of response curves. By applying a first drive voltage and a second drive voltage corresponding to the response curve to each subsection 611 and proportionally adjusting the difference between the first and second drive voltages for each subsection 611, the optical power of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted over a wide optical power range.

[0229] like Figure 28 As shown, this embodiment provides an array of liquid crystal lenses 100 with adjustable optical power, including the liquid crystal lenses 100 described in this embodiment, at least one of the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 includes at least two electrode units 101, and the projections of the lead lines 62 in the first electrode layer 20 and the lead lines 62 in the second electrode layer 60 on a second reference plane form a plurality of intersection areas 110 arranged in an array, and the second reference plane is a plane parallel to both the lead lines 62 of the first electrode unit 101 and the lead lines 62 of the second electrode unit 101.

[0230] The aforementioned intersection region 110 refers to the region where the projections of the lead lines 62 in the first electrode layer 20 and the lead lines 62 in the second electrode layer 60 on the second reference plane overlap with each other. In this embodiment, one electrode unit 101 can be provided in one of the electrode layers and two or more electrode units 101 can be provided in the other electrode layer, or two or more electrode units 101 can be provided in both electrode layers. The respective electrode units 101 in the two electrode layers can form a plurality of intersection regions 110 arranged in an array. In these intersection regions 110, the electric potentials of the two electrode layers are superimposed on each other to form a parabolic distribution of electric potentials. The electric field generated by the distributed electric potentials in these regions can drive the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, thereby forming individual liquid crystal lenses 100. The aperture and spacing of the aforementioned liquid crystal lenses 100 can be adjusted as needed.

[0231] By adopting the aforementioned structure, this embodiment enables the liquid crystal material within each intersection region 110 to form a precise parabolic phase distribution, thereby achieving a more effective liquid crystal lens array 100. Furthermore, because the liquid crystal lens array 100 in this embodiment utilizes the liquid crystal lens 100 of this embodiment, the liquid crystal lens array 100 in this embodiment not only achieves a highly accurate phase distribution of the liquid crystal material but also achieves high utilization of the liquid crystal material, thereby achieving a higher optical power. Furthermore, the optical power of each liquid crystal lens in the liquid crystal lens array can be adjusted by adjusting the difference between the first and second drive voltages of each sub-unit, thereby adjusting the optical power of the entire liquid crystal lens array.

[0232] like Figure 29 As shown, this embodiment provides another form of a liquid crystal lens array with adjustable optical power. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal lens array 100 includes the liquid crystal lens 100 described in this embodiment, wherein the lead lines 62 of the electrode units 101 in at least one of the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 of the liquid crystal lens 100 extend to form a plurality of extension segments 621. The projections of the extension segments 621 of the electrode units 101 in the first electrode layer 20 and the extension segments 621 of the electrode units 101 in the second electrode layer 60 on a second reference plane form a plurality of intersection regions 110 arranged in an array. In the same intersection region 110, the lead lines 62 of the same electrode unit 101 are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals along a preset direction of the electrode unit 101. The second reference plane is a plane parallel to both the lead lines 62 of the first electrode unit 101 and the lead lines 62 of the second electrode unit 101.

[0233] The liquid crystal lens array 100 of this embodiment can be formed by further extending the lead wires 62 of the liquid crystal lens 100 of this embodiment to form multiple extension segments 621. Each extension segment 621 can control the potential distribution in its corresponding region, thereby driving the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 in its corresponding region to deflect. The projections of the extension segments 621 in the two electrode layers on the second reference plane form multiple overlapping regions, namely the aforementioned intersection regions 110, each corresponding to a liquid crystal lens 100. When the first and second driving voltages are applied to the respective sub-portions of the first electrode layer 20, the potential distribution formed by the portion of each extension segment 621 in the intersection region 110 can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 to deflect, forming a parabolic phase distribution. Similarly, when the first and second driving voltages are applied to the respective sub-portions of the second electrode layer 60, the potential distribution formed by the portion of each extension segment 621 in the intersection region 110 can drive the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 to deflect, forming a parabolic phase distribution. The potentials of the two electrode layers are superimposed to form a parabolic potential distribution in the intersection region 110. Since the intersection regions 110 are arranged in an array, the liquid crystal lenses 100 corresponding to the intersection regions 110 are also arranged in an array.

[0234] By adopting the aforementioned structure, this embodiment can form a precise paraboloidally distributed electric potential in the liquid crystal material within each intersection region 110, thereby obtaining a more effective liquid crystal lens array 100. Because the liquid crystal rod lens array in this embodiment is formed by extending the lead wires 62 of the liquid crystal rod lens in this embodiment, the liquid crystal rod lens array in this embodiment not only has a high phase distribution accuracy of the liquid crystal material, but also has a high utilization rate of the liquid crystal material, can achieve a higher optical power, and can adjust the optical power by adjusting the two driving voltages on the sub-portions of each conductive line.

[0235] like Figure 30 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for driving a liquid crystal lens or a liquid crystal lens array with adjustable optical power. The method is used to drive the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array described in this embodiment, and the method includes the following steps:

[0236] S1D: Obtaining a curve of the corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal lens or liquid crystal lens array and the driving voltage;

[0237] The corresponding relationship curve between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage is a curve formed by the size of the phase of the liquid crystal material when a certain voltage is applied to the liquid crystal material. This corresponding relationship curve is represented by the response curve of the liquid crystal material. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis of the curve is the magnitude of the applied voltage, and the vertical axis is the magnitude of the phase of the corresponding liquid crystal material. Therefore, the corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage can also be obtained through the liquid crystal material response curve.

[0238] S2D: Determine the range of the driving voltage according to the corresponding relationship curve;

[0239] In this step, the driving voltage range of the liquid crystal lens is selected according to the aforementioned corresponding relationship curve, so that the driving voltage within the selected range is located on the corresponding relationship curve. For example, the portion between Va and Vd in the figure can be selected as the driving voltage range.

[0240] S3D: dividing the correspondence curve into segments corresponding to the number of sub-sections of the conductive line within the driving voltage range according to the correspondence curve and the driving voltage range;

[0241] When the conductive line includes n sub-portions, and the n sub-portions are located on the same side of the origin position in the preset direction of the electrode unit, the response relationship curve C / g(x) is correspondingly divided into n segments.

[0242] When the conductive line includes 2m+1 sub-portions, and the 2m+1 sub-portions are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the origin along the preset direction of the electrode unit, the response relationship curve C / g(x) is correspondingly divided into m segments.

[0243] S4D: Get the voltage corresponding to the starting position and the voltage corresponding to the end position of each segment of the corresponding relationship curve;

[0244] S5D: driving the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage of each sub-section according to the voltage corresponding to the starting position and the voltage corresponding to the end position of each segment as the voltage adjustment condition;

[0245] In this embodiment, when the conductive line includes n sub-sections, and the n sub-sections are located on the same side of the origin position in the preset direction of the electrode unit, C / g(x) is divided into n segments, where the driving voltage corresponding to the starting position of the i-th segment is Vs i , the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve i The voltage regulation condition is that the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage loaded by the n sub-units satisfy:

[0246] |Vw i -Vu i |≤Ve i -Vs i , and Vw1-Vu1: Vw2-Vu2: ... Vw n -Vu n =Ve1-Vs1:Ve2-Vs2:……Ve n -Vs n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, 2≤i≤n.

[0247] In this embodiment, when the conductive line includes 2m+1 sub-portions, and the 2m+1 sub-portions are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the origin position along the preset direction of the electrode unit, the response curve C / g(x) is correspondingly divided into m segments.

[0248] Assume that the first driving voltage of the Kth sub-unit from the origin position toward the preset direction of the electrode unit is Vu K , the second driving voltage is Vw K , C / g(x) is divided into m segments, where the driving voltage corresponding to the starting point of the kth segment is Vs k , the driving voltage corresponding to the end position is Ve k The voltage adjustment condition is that the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the m sub-divisions from the origin toward the preset direction of the electrode unit satisfy:

[0249] |Vw i -Vu i |≤Ve i -Vs i , and Vw1-Vu1: Vw2-Vu2: ... Vw n -Vu n =Ve1-Vs1:Ve2-Vs2:……Ve n -Vs n , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, 2≤i≤n;

[0250] The first driving voltage of the remaining sub-sections is the same as the first driving voltage loaded on the sub-section symmetrical thereto, and the second driving voltage thereof is the same as the second driving voltage loaded on the sub-section symmetrical thereto.

[0251] S6D: Adjust the difference between the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage of each sub-section in the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and make the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage meet the voltage adjustment condition.

[0252] In this embodiment, the optical power of the liquid crystal lens can be adjusted by adjusting the difference in the driving voltages of the various sub-units under the aforementioned conditions.

[0253] In the present embodiment, the adjustable-power liquid crystal lens, adjustable-power liquid crystal lens array, and driving method configure the conductive lines in each electrode layer to be composed of multiple subsections. Each subsection generates a potential that varies with the position of the conductive line. Multiple lead wires are extended from different positions on the conductive line. Since one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive line and the other end is suspended, the lead wire can diffuse the potential at the lead-out position on the conductive line to the area where the lead wire extends. Based on the aforementioned structure, the distance between the lead-out position of each extension of the conductive line and the origin of the conductive line in the preset direction of the electrode unit and the length f(x) of the extension wire satisfy the requirement that f(x) is a broken line composed of multiple straight line segments, with the endpoints of each straight line segment of f(x) located on g(x). Thus, even if the first driving voltage V1 applied to the first position of each subsection and the second driving voltage V2 applied to the second position are not within the linear corresponding region of the liquid crystal material, the present invention can still accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material. The superposition of the potentials generated by the two electrode layers creates a precise parabolic distribution of the liquid crystal material. With the solution of the present invention, the application of liquid crystal materials is no longer limited by the linear response range of the liquid crystal material. This improves the phase distribution accuracy while also significantly increasing the optical power of the adjustable-power liquid crystal lens, significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material. The optical power of the liquid crystal lens can also be adjusted by adjusting the voltage applied to each sub-unit.

[0254] Example 5

[0255] This embodiment provides a Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens, which is a liquid crystal optical device. The Fresnel lens in this embodiment includes a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate 70, which are stacked in sequence.

[0256] Except for the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60 , the remaining structures of the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens in this embodiment may adopt the same structural form as that in the first embodiment.

[0257] The first electrode layer 20 is a surface electrode. In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 20 is used to form a plane with equal potential.

[0258] like Figure 31 and Figure 32 As shown, in this embodiment, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of electrode units 61, and the plurality of electrode units 61 are sequentially arranged along the first direction;

[0259] The first direction can be arbitrarily specified as needed. For example, if the potential distribution at various positions in a certain direction in the space where the liquid crystal lens is located is to be controlled, the direction can be specified as the first direction. The aforementioned multiple electrode units 61 means that the number of electrode units 61 in the second electrode layer is 2 or more.

[0260] like Figure 34 and Figure 35 As shown, one of the electrode units 61 mainly includes a first conductive line 611 and a plurality of second conductive lines 612 .

[0261] like Figure 36 and Figure 37 As shown, the first conductive line 611 includes a first position 6111 and a second position 6112, the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 are different, and the portion of the first conductive line 611 between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 has the same width. The first position 6111 is used to receive a first driving voltage, and the second position 6112 is used to receive a second driving voltage;

[0262] The first conductive lines 611 and the second conductive lines 612 in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, wires with a certain resistance, or thin lines with a certain resistance and conductivity plated on a transparent second substrate. To enhance the lens effect, the conductive lines in this embodiment can be made of transparent conductive materials, including, but not limited to, ITO electrode materials, IZO electrode materials, FTO electrode materials, AZO electrode materials, IGZO electrode materials, and the like.

[0263] like Figure 34 and Figure 36 As shown, in this embodiment, the first driving voltage is loaded at the first position 6111 on the first conductive line 611, and the second driving voltage is loaded at the second position 6112 on the first conductive line 611. Since the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 are different, the positions where the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are loaded on the first conductive line 611 are also different.

[0264] When the two driving voltages are applied to the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 on the first conductive line 611 respectively, an electric potential whose magnitude varies with the position of the first conductive line 611 can be formed on the first conductive line 611 between the two positions.

[0265] like Figure 34As shown, one end of the second conductive line 612 is connected to the first conductive line 611, and the other end is suspended. The position where the first conductive line 611 and the second conductive line 612 are connected is the lead-out position 6116, and at least a part of the lead-out position 6116 is located between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the first conductive line 611, and at least two lead-out positions 6116 are different; in at least one preset area 90 of the second electrode layer, each second conductive line 612 is parallel to each other.

[0266] Because the second conductive line 612 in this embodiment is connected to the first conductive line 611 at one end and the other end is suspended, the potential at each location on the same second conductive line 612 is equal and equal to the potential of the first conductive line 611 at the location where the second conductive line 612 connects to the first conductive line 611. Furthermore, because the width of the portion of the first conductive line 611 between the first location 6111 and the second location 6112 is the same in this embodiment, the potential at each lead-out location 6116 on the first conductive line 611 is linearly related to the length of the first conductive line 611 between that location and the first location 6111.

[0267] like Figure 38 As shown, the first conductive line 611 includes multiple extension segments 6113, a first connecting segment 6114 and a second connecting segment 6115. Two adjacent extension segments 6113 are connected by the first connecting segment 6114 or the second connecting segment 6115. The multiple extension segments 6113 are arranged in sequence along the first direction. The extension segment 6113 extends from a starting position 6117 to a position connected to the first connecting segment 6114. The lead-out position 6116 is set at the position where the extension segment 6113 is connected to the first connecting segment 6114. The starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 is connected to the second connecting segment 6115.

[0268] In this embodiment, the extension segments 6113 are connected end-to-end via the first connecting segment 6114 or the second connecting segment 6115, thereby forming an electric potential distribution when the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are applied. The plurality of extension segments 6113 are arranged sequentially along the first direction, so that the electric potentials of the different extension segments 6113 can be used to control the electric potential distribution at various positions of the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens in the first direction.

[0269] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, the starting position 6117 and the lead-out position 6116 of at least one of the multiple extension segments 6113 are connected to two adjacent extension segments 6113 via a second connecting segment 6115 and a first connecting segment 6114, respectively. With this structure, the second conductive line 612 forms a structure that bends back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the lead-out position 6116 can be set at the bend point. This can reduce the space occupied by the first conductive line 611 and make the lead-out position 6116 more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of potential distribution control.

[0270] For any electrode unit 61, assuming that the distance between the lead-out position 6116 of the extension section 6113 in the first direction and the first position 6111 of the first electrode unit 61 is x, the length of the extension section 6113 is g(x), where C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0271] The distance between the lead-out position 6116 of the extension section 6113 in the first direction and the first position 6111 may also be expressed as the position of the starting position 6117 of the extension section 6113 in the first direction.

[0272] In this embodiment, the length L of the extension segment 6113 of each electrode unit 61 is set to be associated with the distance between the starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 and the first position 6111 in the first direction. Specifically, the length L of the extension segment 6113 and the distance x between the starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 and the first position 6111 in the first direction can satisfy a certain functional relationship. For ease of description, the functional relationship satisfied by the length L of the extension segment 6113 and the distance x between the starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 and the first position 6111 in the first direction is denoted as g(x). For ease of understanding, the relationship between the length L of the extension segment 6113 and the distance x between the starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 and the first position 6111 in the first direction can also be expressed using a rectangular coordinate system. We may use the distance x between the starting position 6117 and the first position 6111 of the extension section 6113 in the first direction as the x-axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and the length L of the extension section 6113 as the y-axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system, then in this rectangular coordinate system, y=g(x) is satisfied. C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0273] For an electrode unit 61 in the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens, assuming that the first driving voltage applied at the first position 6111 is V1 and the second driving voltage applied at the second position 6112 is V2, the phase change rate along the x direction is:

[0274]

[0275] When satisfied

[0276] When , the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in this embodiment satisfies a parabolic distribution.

[0277] in Indicates the rate of change of liquid crystal phase with voltage, which is reflected in Figure 1 The slope of the response curve is shown on the graph. From the above relationship, we can see that the slope of the curve g(x) is proportional to the inverse of the slope of the response curve.

[0278] For an electrode unit 61, after adopting the above structure, the potential of each second wire can be precisely controlled by its lead-out position 6116, and the position where the second wire passes through the second liquid crystal layer can also be precisely controlled. When g(x) satisfies When the phase of the liquid crystal material is parabolically distributed in the radial direction, an accurate potential distribution can be obtained.

[0279] Since the optical effects of different Fresnel zones in the same Fresnel lens may be different, and the optical effects of each Fresnel zone in Fresnel lenses of different designs may also be different, the constant C in the functional relationship g(x) satisfied by each electrode unit 61 is also different. Therefore, different constants C can be set according to the parabolic shapes of the corresponding Fresnel zones that achieve equivalent effects, so that the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in this embodiment satisfies the corresponding parabolic distribution. There is no limitation here.

[0280] like Figure 33 As shown, in this embodiment, each electrode unit 61 in the second electrode layer corresponds to at least one Fresnel zone; when the electrode unit 61 is loaded with the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, the electric potential generated by the second conductive line 612 of the electrode unit 61 causes the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer to form a phase distribution equivalent to the Fresnel zone corresponding to the electrode unit 61.

[0281] For example Figure 33 It includes three electrode units 61, each electrode unit 61 corresponds to a Fresnel zone. Figure 5The curve below the middle electrode unit 61 represents the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material corresponding to the electrode unit 61, wherein the abscissa of the curve represents the position of the liquid crystal material along the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens in the first direction, and the ordinate of the curve represents the phase of the liquid crystal material at that position.

[0282] According to the design and processing principles of Fresnel lenses, the curvature of the optical surface determines the imaging characteristics in optical imaging. In optical lens design, the surface curvature can be maintained constant, while the surface thickness can be reduced during processing. This design allows the lens to still converge light, focusing incident light onto its surface to a focal point. In actual lens processing and application, a spherical lens can be considered as several discrete components, with excess material removed between the components. However, during processing, the original surface curvature is maintained, without affecting light deflection. The functions of these discrete components are performed by a series of Fresnel strips within the Fresnel lens. This embodiment can also utilize a liquid crystal lens to achieve an effect equivalent to that of a Fresnel lens. Since traditional Fresnel lenses are composed of a series of Fresnel strips, this embodiment utilizes individual electrode units 61 to achieve the corresponding optical effects of each Fresnel strip within the Fresnel lens. The combined effects of all electrode units 61 are equivalent to the overall optical effect of a single Fresnel lens.

[0283] Here, the phase distribution equivalent to the Fresnel strip means that when the liquid crystal layer forms the aforementioned phase distribution, the modulation effect on light is equivalent to the modulation effect of the corresponding Fresnel strip on light.

[0284] like Figure 33 As shown, this embodiment utilizes the lengths of the extension segments 6113 at different locations in the first direction within the electrode unit 61 to satisfy the aforementioned functional relationship, thereby achieving a specific distribution of potential in the first direction at the extraction location 6116. This potential distribution results in a parabolic phase distribution in the radial direction of the liquid crystal material. Because the potential at each location on the second conductive line 612 is equal to the potential at the extraction location 6116, this characteristic potential distribution extends along the second conductive line 612 into the functional area of ​​the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens, thereby achieving the corresponding Fresnel zone optical effect.

[0285] After the second electrode layer of this embodiment adopts the aforementioned structure, only two driving voltages, namely the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, are required to achieve precise control of the potential at each position of the Fresnel band corresponding to the electrode unit 61. Therefore, this embodiment can obtain a Fresnel lens with better effect through a simple driving method.

[0286] Furthermore, because the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens in this embodiment utilizes the aforementioned electrode structure, even if the first drive voltage V1 applied to the first position 6111 and the second drive voltage V2 applied to the second position 6112 are outside the linear response region of the liquid crystal material, this embodiment can still accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material. This eliminates the limitations of the liquid crystal material's linear response range, significantly improving the optical power of the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens while improving phase distribution accuracy, thereby significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0287] As an optional but advantageous implementation, in this embodiment, the spacing between adjacent extension segments 6113 is less than or equal to 100 μm. The above structure can further improve the control accuracy of the potential distribution.

[0288] like Figure 34 and Figure 35 As shown, as an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the extension segment 6113 is a straight line perpendicular to the first direction. In this embodiment, the extension segment 6113 is configured as a straight line, and the direction of the extension segment 6113 is configured to be perpendicular to the first direction. In this way, as long as the location where the extension segment 6113 connects to the first connecting segment 6114 is arranged on the same straight line parallel to the first direction, and the starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 is located on the curve with the equation g(x), the design and production of the second conductive line 612 can be simplified. In addition, to further simplify the design and production of the second conductive line 612, the second connecting segment 6115 can also be a curved segment obtained by sequentially intercepting the curve with the equation g(x).

[0289] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the lead-out locations 6116 are arranged at equal intervals along the first direction; and in at least one predetermined region 90 of the second electrode layer, the second conductive lines 612 are arranged at equal intervals along the first direction. The predetermined region 90 may be a functional region of a liquid crystal rod lens. The functional region of a liquid crystal lens refers to a region within the liquid crystal lens that can modulate light as needed.

[0290] like Figure 32 As shown, the electrode unit 61 includes a central electrode unit 601 and at least two outer electrode units 602. In the predetermined area 90, the second conductive lines 612 of the outer electrode units 602 are located on both sides of the second conductive line 612 of the central electrode unit 601. With the above structure, the Fresnel zones of the Fresnel lens of this embodiment can be arranged sequentially from the center to both sides.

[0291] like Figure 35 and Figure 36As shown, as an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the first conductive line 611 of the central electrode unit 601 also includes a third position 6118, the first position 6111 is located between the third position 6118 and the second position 6112, at least a portion of the lead-out position 6116 is located between the second position 6112 and the third position 6118, and the third position 6118 of the first conductive line 611 of the central electrode unit 601 is used to receive a second driving voltage.

[0292] In this embodiment, a third position 6118 for applying a driving voltage is added to the second position 6112 of the aforementioned central electrode unit 601. The third position 6118 of the central electrode unit 601 is used to apply a second driving voltage. This allows the second driving voltage to be applied simultaneously to the second and third positions 6112 and 6118 of the conductive line. When the second driving voltage is applied simultaneously to the second and third positions 6112 and 6118 of the conductive line, a position-dependent electric potential is generated between the second position 6112 and the first position 6111, and between the third position 6118 and the first position 6111. Lead wires can be extended from both sides of the first position 6111, i.e., the lead position 6116 can be located either between the second position 6112 and the first position 6111, or between the third position 6118 and the first position 6111. With this structure, the lead wires on both sides of the first position 6111 can be used to control the electric potential distribution on both sides of the first position 6111, and a bilaterally symmetrical electric potential distribution can be achieved.

[0293] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, Figure 36 As shown, corresponding to one electrode unit 61, the second conductive line 612 of the electrode unit 61 includes a first part and a second part respectively located on opposite sides of a first reference plane 80, and the first reference plane 80 is a plane passing through the first position 6111 of the central electrode unit 601 and perpendicular to the preset direction.

[0294] like Figure 34 and Figure 36 As shown, the space where the liquid crystal lens is located is divided into two areas with the first reference plane 80 as the boundary, wherein the second conductive line 612 can span the two areas. In this way, the potential distribution of the two areas can be controlled by the same conductive line, thereby shortening the length of the conductive line by half, and significantly reducing the production cost and energy consumption of the liquid crystal lens.

[0295] In order to save control, in this embodiment, the conductive line of the electrode unit 61 is located on the same side of the first reference plane 80 as the first part or the second part, so that the conductive line only needs to occupy one area to control the potential distribution of the two areas.

[0296] As one of the optional but advantageous implementations, in this embodiment, the conductive wire is located outside the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal column lens. In the prior art, the element that generates the potential distribution needs to be placed in the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal lens in order to form a potential that affects the phase of the liquid crystal material. However, the element that generates the potential distribution in this way is limited by the scope of the functional area and is difficult to meet the requirements of potential control. In this embodiment, the element that generates the potential distribution (conductive wire) and the element that controls the potential distribution (lead wire) are separated, and the element that generates the potential is located outside the functional area, and at least a part of the element that controls the potential is located in the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal optical device. In this way, the element that generates the potential distribution can be free from the restrictions of the functional area, so that precise design can be carried out conveniently, and the element that generates the potential distribution and the functional area can have no influence on each other.

[0297] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, a high-impedance film or a high-dielectric-constant layer is provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer, or between the second electrode layer and the second transparent substrate 70. This embodiment smoothes the potential between adjacent lead lines by adding the high-impedance film or the high-dielectric-constant layer.

[0298] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, the projections of the first conductive line 611 and the surface electrode on a plane parallel to the second electrode layer do not overlap. In this embodiment, the surface electrode is omitted at a position on the second electrode layer directly opposite the first conductive line 611. This prevents the first conductive line 611 from being affected by the capacitive effect generated between the surface electrode and the surface electrode, thereby further improving the optical effect of the liquid crystal rod lens.

[0299] The Fresnel liquid crystal cylindrical lens in this embodiment utilizes a first conductive wire in an electrode unit that can be loaded with two driving voltages to generate a potential that varies depending on the position of the conductive wire. Multiple second conductive wires are then extended from different positions on the non-conductive wire. Since one end of the second conductive wire is connected to the first conductive wire and the other end is suspended, the second conductive wire can diffuse the potential at the point where the first conductive wire is extended to the area where the lead-out wire extends. Furthermore, since the second conductive wires are parallel to each other in at least one predetermined area of ​​the second electrode layer, a cylindrical lens can be formed. Based on the aforementioned structure, the present invention sets the distance between the lead-out position of the extension segment in the first direction and the first position as x. The length of the extension segment satisfies the functional relationship g(x). This allows the electrode unit to accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution in the liquid crystal material, even if the first driving voltage V1 applied to the first position and the second driving voltage V2 applied to the second position are outside the linear corresponding region of the liquid crystal material. Because the multiple electrode units are arranged sequentially along the first direction, these electrode units, when combined, can achieve an optical effect equivalent to that of a complete Fresnel lens. After adopting the solution of the present invention, the application of liquid crystal materials is no longer limited by the linear response range of liquid crystal materials, thereby improving the phase distribution accuracy while also greatly improving the optical focal length of the liquid crystal cylindrical lens, and significantly increasing the utilization rate of liquid crystal materials.

[0300] Example 6

[0301] This embodiment provides a Fresnel liquid crystal lens, which is a liquid crystal optical device. The Fresnel lens in this embodiment includes a first transparent substrate 10, a first electrode layer 20, a first alignment layer 30, a liquid crystal layer 40, a second alignment layer 50, a second electrode layer 60, and a second transparent substrate 70, which are stacked in sequence. Except for the first electrode layer 20 and the second electrode layer 60, the remaining structure of the Fresnel liquid crystal rod lens in this embodiment can adopt the same structural form as that in Example 1.

[0302] The first electrode layer 20 is a surface electrode. In this embodiment, the first electrode layer 20 is used to form a plane with equal potential.

[0303] like Figure 39 As shown, in this embodiment, the second electrode layer 60 includes a plurality of electrode units 61, and the plurality of electrode units 61 are sequentially arranged from a position close to the center of the second electrode layer 60 to a position away from the center of the second electrode layer 60;

[0304] The aforementioned plurality of electrode units 61 refers to two or more electrode units 61 in the second electrode layer 60. These electrode units 61 are generally in the shape of concentric rings and are sequentially arranged on the second electrode layer 60 from the center outward.

[0305] like Figure 41As shown, one of the electrode units 61 mainly includes a first conductive line 611 and a plurality of second conductive lines 612. The first conductive line 611 includes a first position 6111 and a second position 6112. The first position 6111 and the second position 6112 are different. The portion of the first conductive line 611 located between the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 has the same width. The first position 6111 is used to receive a first driving voltage, and the second position 6112 is used to receive a second driving voltage.

[0306] The first conductive lines 611 and the second conductive lines 612 in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, wires with a certain resistance, and thin lines with a certain resistance and conductivity plated on a transparent second substrate. The first conductive lines 611 and the second conductive lines 612 in this embodiment can be made of the same material as the first conductive lines and the second conductive lines in Example 5.

[0307] like Figure 39 、 Figure 42 and Figure 43 As shown, in this embodiment, the first driving voltage is loaded at the first position 6111 on the first conductive line 611, and the second driving voltage is loaded at the second position 6112 on the first conductive line 611. Since the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 are different, the positions where the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are loaded on the first conductive line 611 are also different.

[0308] When the two driving voltages are applied to the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 on the first conductive line 611 respectively, an electric potential whose magnitude varies with the position of the first conductive line 611 can be formed on the first conductive line 611 between the two positions.

[0309] like Figure 41 and Figure 42 As shown, one end of the second conductive line 612 is connected to the first conductive line 611, and the other end thereof is suspended. The location where the second conductive line 612 is connected to the first conductive line 611 is a lead-out location 6116, at least a portion of the lead-out locations 6116 is located between the first location 6111 and the second location 6112 of the first conductive line 611, and at least two lead-out locations 6116 are different.

[0310] Because the second conductive line 612 in this embodiment is connected to the first conductive line 611 at one end and the other end is suspended, the potential at each location on the same second conductive line 612 is equal and equal to the potential of the first conductive line 611 at the location where the second conductive line 612 connects to the first conductive line 611. Furthermore, because the width of the portion of the first conductive line 611 between the first location 6111 and the second location 6112 is the same in this embodiment, the potential at each lead-out location 6116 on the first conductive line 611 is linearly related to the length of the first conductive line 611 between that location and the first location 6111.

[0311] like Figure 44 As shown, the first conductive line 611 includes multiple extension segments 6113, a first connecting segment 6114, and a second connecting segment 6115. Adjacent extension segments 6113 are connected by the first connecting segment 6114 or the second connecting segment 6115. The multiple extension segments 6113 are arranged sequentially from the center of the second electrode layer 60 to the center of the second electrode layer 60. The extension segments 6113 extend from a starting position 6117 to a position connected to the first connecting segment 6114. The lead-out position 6116 is located at the position where the extension segment 6113 connects to the first connecting segment 6114. The starting position 6117 of the extension segment 6113 is connected to the second connecting segment 6115. In this embodiment, the multiple extension segments 6113 are arranged along the radial direction of the Fresnel lens. This allows the potential distribution at various radial positions of the Fresnel lens to be controlled by utilizing the potentials on different extension segments 6113. The end of each extension segment 6113 at the starting position 6117 is connected through the first connecting segment 6114, and the end of each extension segment 6113 away from the starting position 6117 is connected through the second connecting segment 6115, so that each extension segment 6113 can be connected end to end to form an electric potential distribution when the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are loaded.

[0312] For any electrode unit, let the distance between the starting position of the extension segment and the first position of the electrode unit in the radial direction be x,, then the length of the extension segment 6113 is g(x), where C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0313] In this embodiment, the length L of the extension section 6113 in the electrode unit is set to be associated with the distance in the radial direction between the starting position 6117 of the extension section 6113 and the first position of the electrode unit. Specifically, the distance x in the radial direction between the starting position of the extension section and the first position of the electrode unit can satisfy a certain functional relationship. For the convenience of description, the functional relationship satisfied by the distance x in the radial direction between the starting position of the extension section and the first position of the electrode unit is recorded as g(x). For ease of understanding, the relationship between the length L of the extension section 6113 and the distance x in the radial direction between the starting position of the extension section and the first position of the electrode unit can also be expressed by a rectangular coordinate system. We may as well use the distance in the radial direction between the starting position 6117 of the extension section 6113 and the first position of the electrode unit as the x-axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and the length L of the extension section 6113 as the y-axis to establish a rectangular coordinate system, then y=g(x) is satisfied in the rectangular coordinate system. Wherein C is a constant, It indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with the change of voltage.

[0314] For an electrode unit 61 in the Fresnel liquid crystal lens, assuming that the first driving voltage applied at the first position 6111 is V1 and the second driving voltage applied at the second position 6112 is V2, then the phase change rate along the x direction is:

[0315]

[0316] When satisfied

[0317] When , the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in this embodiment satisfies a parabolic distribution.

[0318] in Indicates the rate of change of liquid crystal phase with voltage, which is reflected in Figure 1 The slope of the response curve is shown on the graph. From the above relationship, we can see that the slope of the curve g(x) is proportional to the inverse of the slope of the response curve.

[0319] For an electrode unit 61, after adopting the above structure, the potential of each second wire can be precisely controlled by its lead-out position 6116, and the position where the second wire passes through the second liquid crystal layer 40 can also be precisely controlled. When g(x) satisfies When the phase of the liquid crystal material is parabolically distributed in the radial direction, an accurate potential distribution can be obtained.

[0320] Because the optical effects of different Fresnel rings in the same Fresnel lens can vary, and the optical effects of individual Fresnel rings in Fresnel lenses of different designs can also vary, the parabolic shapes of the parabolic distributions satisfied by the liquid crystal material of each Fresnel ring in a liquid crystal Fresnel lens vary. For example, the parabola satisfied by the liquid crystal material of the central Fresnel ring is wider and has a shallower slope, while the parabola satisfied by the liquid crystal material of the peripheral Fresnel ring is wider and has a steeper slope.

[0321] The constant C in the functional relationship g(x) satisfied by each electrode unit 61 is also different. For example, the constant C in the central electrode unit g(x) is smaller, while the constant C in the peripheral electrode unit g(x) is larger. Therefore, different constants C can be set according to the parabolic shapes of the corresponding Fresnel rings that achieve the same effect, so that the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in this embodiment satisfies the corresponding parabolic distribution, which is not limited here.

[0322] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, each electrode unit 61 in the second electrode layer 60 corresponds to at least one Fresnel ring zone; when the electrode unit 61 is loaded with the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, the electric potential generated by the second conductive line 612 of the electrode unit 61 causes the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 40 to form a phase distribution equivalent to the Fresnel ring zone corresponding to the electrode unit 61.

[0323] For example Figure 40 It includes two electrode units 61, each electrode unit 61 corresponds to a Fresnel ring. Figure 40 The curve below the middle electrode unit 61 represents the phase distribution of the liquid crystal material corresponding to the electrode unit 61 , wherein the abscissa of the curve represents the position of the liquid crystal material along the radial direction of the Fresnel liquid crystal lens, and the ordinate of the curve represents the phase of the liquid crystal material.

[0324] Here, the phase distribution equivalent to the Fresnel ring zone means that when the liquid crystal layer 40 forms the aforementioned phase distribution, the light modulation effect is equivalent to the light modulation effect of the corresponding Fresnel ring zone.

[0325] like Figure 40 As shown, this embodiment utilizes the aforementioned functional relationship, where the lengths of the extension segments 6113 at different radial locations within the electrode unit 61 satisfy the aforementioned functional relationship, to achieve a specific radial potential distribution at the extraction location 6116. This potential distribution results in a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material in the radial direction. Because the potential at each location on the second conductive line 612 is equal to the potential at the extraction location 6116, the aforementioned characteristic potential distribution extends along the second conductive line 612 to various circumferential locations within the Fresnel liquid crystal lens, thereby achieving the corresponding Fresnel ring-shaped optical effect.

[0326] After the second electrode layer 60 of this embodiment adopts the aforementioned structure, only two driving voltages, namely the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, are required to achieve precise control of the potential at each position of the Fresnel ring zone corresponding to the electrode unit 61. Therefore, this embodiment can obtain a better Fresnel lens through a simple driving method.

[0327] Furthermore, because the Fresnel liquid crystal lens in this embodiment utilizes the aforementioned electrode structure, even if the first driving voltage V1 applied to the first position 6111 and the second driving voltage V2 applied to the second position 6112 are outside the linear response region of the liquid crystal material, this embodiment can still accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution of the liquid crystal material. This eliminates the limitations of the liquid crystal material's linear response range, significantly improving the optical power of the Fresnel liquid crystal lens while improving phase distribution accuracy, thereby significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0328] In this embodiment, as an optional but advantageous implementation, the second conductive wire 612 is arc-shaped. For an electrode unit 61, different second conductive wires 612 are led out from different lead-out positions 6116, and these second conductive wires are arranged from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the Fresnel liquid crystal lens. Each second conductive wire can be in the shape of a circular arc, and these arcs can be concentric arcs. When the second conductive wire 612 is arc-shaped, the electrode unit 61 can achieve the effect of a circular Fresnel ring zone, and all electrode units 61 combined can achieve the optical effect of a circular Fresnel lens.

[0329] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, in this embodiment, the extension segments 6113 of the first conductive lines 611 are arc-shaped. The extension segments 6113 of the first conductive lines 611 are arranged from the inside outward along the radial direction of the Fresnel liquid crystal lens. Each second conductive line 612 can be in the shape of an arc, and these arcs can be concentric. With this structure, the length of the extension segments 6113 can be set by adjusting the radius of the arc, thereby simplifying the design and fabrication of the second electrode layer 60.

[0330] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, this embodiment also includes an electrode lead group, which includes a first electrode lead 613 and a second electrode lead 614 extending from near the center of the second electrode layer 60 toward a direction away from the second electrode layer 60, one end of the first electrode lead 613 is connected to a first driving voltage, and the other end is electrically connected to the first position 6111 of the first conductive line 611, one end of the second electrode lead 614 is connected to a second driving voltage, and the other end is electrically connected to the second position 6112 of the first conductive line 611, and the starting position 6117 of the extension section 6113 and the suspended end of the second conductive line 612 are respectively located on opposite sides of the first electrode lead 613.

[0331] To facilitate the application of driving voltage to the Fresnel liquid crystal lens, this embodiment provides a first electrode lead 613 and a second electrode lead 614, respectively, to introduce the first and second driving voltages to the first position 6111 and the second position 6112 of the first conductive line 611. Both the first and second electrode leads 613 and 614 extend from the inside outward. The outer ends of the first and second electrode leads 613 and 614 can be connected to the power supply of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens. In this embodiment, the starting position 6117 of the extension section 6113 and the suspended end of the second conductive line 612 are positioned on opposite sides of the first electrode lead 613. This allows the first electrode lead to reach a position near the center of the liquid crystal Fresnel lens, thereby electrically connecting to the first position 6111 of the electrode unit 61 near the center of the Fresnel lens. With this structure, the first and second electrode leads 613 and 614 can be extended from the gaps between the starting position 6117 of each extension section 6113 and the suspended end of each second conductive line 612, thereby connecting to the power supply.

[0332] In this embodiment, as an optional but advantageous implementation, the electrode lead assembly further includes a third electrode lead 615, which extends from the second position 6112 of the first conductive line 611 along the radial direction of the liquid crystal lens to a position connected to the second electrode lead 614. Because the second position 6112 of the first conductive line 611 may be relatively far from the second electrode lead 614, in this embodiment, the third electrode lead 615 is provided to connect the second position 6112 located on one side of the first electrode lead 613 with the second electrode lead 614 located on the other side of the first electrode lead 613.

[0333] As an optional but advantageous embodiment, the spacing between adjacent second conductive lines 612 is less than or equal to 100 μm. When the spacing between adjacent second conductive lines 612 is less than or equal to 100 μm, a more accurate potential distribution can be obtained.

[0334] like Figure 39As shown, the spacing between adjacent second conductive lines 612 refers to the spacing between two adjacent second conductive lines 612 in the radial direction of the Fresnel liquid crystal lens, that is, the distance d in the figure. As an optional but advantageous embodiment, the spacing between adjacent extension segments 6113 is less than or equal to 100 μm.

[0335] As an optional but advantageous implementation, in this embodiment, a high-resistance film or a high dielectric constant layer is provided between the second electrode layer 60 and the second alignment layer or between the second electrode layer 60 and the second transparent substrate.

[0336] The Fresnel liquid crystal lens in this embodiment utilizes a first conductive wire in an electrode unit capable of applying two driving voltages to generate a potential that varies depending on the location of the conductive wire. Multiple second conductive wires are then extended from different locations on the non-conductive wire. Since one end of the second conductive wire is connected to the first conductive wire and the other end is left floating, the second conductive wire can diffuse the potential at the location where the first conductive wire is extended to the area where the extension wire extends. Based on the aforementioned structure, the present invention sets the distance x between the starting position of the extension segment and the center of the second electrode layer, and the length of the extension segment, to satisfy the optical function g(x). This allows the electrode unit to accurately achieve a parabolic phase distribution in the liquid crystal material, even if the first driving voltage V1 applied at the first location and the second driving voltage V2 applied at the second location are outside the linear response region of the liquid crystal material. Because the multiple electrode units are arranged sequentially from a position close to the center of the second electrode layer to a position further away from the center of the second electrode layer, these electrode units, when combined, can achieve an optical effect equivalent to that of a complete Fresnel lens. By adopting the solution of the present invention, the application of liquid crystal materials is no longer limited by the linear response range of the liquid crystal material, thereby improving the phase distribution accuracy while also significantly enhancing the optical power of the liquid crystal rod lens and significantly increasing the utilization rate of the liquid crystal material.

[0337] Example 7

[0338] This embodiment provides an electronic product, comprising a control circuit and the liquid crystal optical device of any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal optical device. The electronic product includes, but is not limited to, imaging devices, display devices, mobile phones, AR devices, VR devices, naked-eye 3D products, wearable devices, and the like.

[0339] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and illustrated in the figures. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and illustrated as examples. However, the method of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated. Those skilled in the art may make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of the steps after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0340] The functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in unit, a function card or the like. When implemented in software, the elements of the present invention are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROMs, flash memories, erasable ROMs (EROMs), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0341] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments described herein describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present invention is not limited to the order of the steps described above. In other words, the steps may be performed in the order described in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps may be performed simultaneously.

[0342] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal optical device, characterized in that It includes a first transparent substrate, a first electrode layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second electrode layer, and a second transparent substrate stacked in sequence; The first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer include electrode units; The electrode unit includes a conductive wire and a plurality of lead wires, the conductive wire includes a first position and a second position, the first position and the second position are different, one end of the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire, and the other end thereof is suspended, the lead wire is led out from a position between the first position and the second position of the conductive wire, and the position where the lead wire is connected to the conductive wire is the lead-out position; The conductive line between the first position and the second position includes a first connecting segment, a second connecting segment, and a plurality of extension lines arranged along a preset direction of the electrode unit, the extension line extending from a starting position to a position connected to the first connecting segment, the lead-out position being set at a position where the extension line is connected to the first connecting segment, and the starting position of the extension line being connected to the second connecting segment; Assuming that the distance between the lead-out position of each extension line of the conductive line and the first position in the preset direction of the electrode unit is x, the length of the extension line is g(x), where C is a constant, Indicates the rate of change of the phase of the liquid crystal material with voltage change; The first position is used to receive a first driving voltage, and the second position is used to receive a second driving voltage.

2. The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 1, wherein The width of the portion of the conductive line between the first position and the second position is the same, and the lead-out positions are arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction of the electrode unit; in at least one preset area, the lead-out lines are parallel to each other and arranged at equal intervals along the preset direction of the electrode unit.

3. The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 2, wherein: The lead wire includes a first portion and a second portion respectively located on opposite sides of a first reference plane, and the first reference plane is a plane passing through the first position and perpendicular to a preset direction of the electrode unit.

4. The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 2, wherein: The conductive line also includes a third position, the first position is located between the third position and the second position, the third position of the conductive line is used to receive a second driving voltage, the portion of the conductive line located between the first position and the second position has the same width, and the lead-out line is also led out from the position between the first position and the third position of the conductive line.

5. The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 2, wherein: The conductive line is located outside the functional area of ​​the liquid crystal optical device.

6. The liquid crystal optical device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A high-resistance film or a high-dielectric-constant layer is provided between the second electrode layer and the second alignment layer or between the second electrode layer and the second transparent substrate.

7. A liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that: The liquid crystal lens array comprises a plurality of liquid crystal optical devices according to any one of claims 2 to 6, and the plurality of liquid crystal optical devices are arranged in an array.

8. A liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that: The liquid crystal optical device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the lead lines of the liquid crystal optical device extend to form a plurality of extension segments, the plurality of extension segments are arranged in an array, and at least a portion of each extension segment is located in the preset area.

9. Electronic products, characterized in that, The invention comprises a control circuit and the liquid crystal optical device according to any one of claims 2 to 6 or the liquid crystal lens array according to any one of claims 7 to 8, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal optical device or the liquid crystal lens array.

10. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal optical device or a liquid crystal lens array, characterized in that: For manufacturing the liquid crystal optical device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the liquid crystal lens array according to any one of claims 7 to 8, the method comprises the following steps: Obtaining the corresponding relationship between the phase of the liquid crystal material and the driving voltage in the liquid crystal optical device or the liquid crystal lens array; Determine a first driving voltage V1, a second driving voltage V2, a third driving voltage V3 and a fourth driving voltage V4 according to the corresponding relationship; determining the shape of each curved segment on the conductive line in the first electrode layer according to the first driving voltage V1 and the second driving voltage V2 and the corresponding relationship; determining the shape of each curved segment on the conductive line in the second electrode layer according to the third driving voltage V3 and the fourth driving voltage V4 and the corresponding relationship; A liquid crystal optical device or a liquid crystal lens array is manufactured according to the shapes of the curve segments on the conductive lines in the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.

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