An automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste, which comprises a box body, a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a first material box and a second material box; the feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the box body, the crushing mechanism, the screening mechanism and the pushing mechanism are arranged inside the box body, and the screening mechanism is arranged between the crushing mechanism and the pushing mechanism; the first material box and the second material box are arranged at the bottom of the box body; a guide plate is arranged inside the box body and above the crushing mechanism, a baffle plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and below the screening mechanism, and a first through groove and a second through groove are arranged on both sides of the box body; the feeding mechanism comprises a hopper, a first oil cylinder, a cable, a support table, a rotating shaft, a first motor, a buffer mechanism and a slide rail; the crushing mechanism comprises a sixth motor, a crushing roller, a second motor, a third motor, a crushing tooth disc, a first lead screw and a second lead screw. The present invention can ensure smooth screening of the screening mechanism and can adjust the crushing specification according to the hardness of the waste material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste crushing and screening, and particularly relates to an automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste materials. Background Art

[0002] Construction waste in solid waste includes bricks, concrete blocks, stones, etc. Larger volume waste materials need to be crushed and screened;

[0003] After retrieval, a construction waste recycled concrete admixture recovery device with the application number 202110025087.8 includes an installation frame. Inside the front side of the installation frame, there is a grinding and crushing box. The outer walls of the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are both provided with crushing and grinding rollers. Spring column seats are installed on the lower sides of the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat. A screening box is hung at the lower end of the spring column seat. A vibration motor is arranged at the lower left side of the bottom of the screening box. A screening mesh is arranged at the lower side inside the screening box. A screening plate is arranged at the front side of the screening box. The screening accuracy of the screening plate is less than that of the screening mesh, so that the screening mesh can screen fine aggregates. The fine aggregates can be intercepted by the limiting convex part, so that the coarse aggregates can pass over the limiting convex part under the action of vibration and be screened and discharged through the screening plate. The admixture in the grinding and crushing box can be separately discharged and stored, making the recovery efficiency and quality of the admixture higher;

[0004] However, there are also some drawbacks; the screening mesh will be blocked after working for a long time, thus affecting the screening effect; the crushing and grinding rollers can only crush and grind the waste materials into waste materials with the same specifications, and cannot adjust the crushing and grinding specifications according to different waste materials, resulting in a low crushing efficiency; for example, when crushing bricks, since the hardness of bricks is low, the crushing specifications can be adjusted to be enlarged at this time to accelerate the crushing efficiency; when crushing concrete blocks, the hardness is relatively high, and the crushing specifications are adjusted to be reduced at this time to reduce the crushing difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste materials, which can ensure the smooth screening of the screening mechanism and can adjust the crushing specifications according to the hardness of the waste materials.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste, comprising a box body, a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a first material box, and a second material box; the feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the box body, the crushing mechanism, the screening mechanism, and the pushing mechanism are arranged inside the box body, and the screening mechanism is arranged between the crushing mechanism and the pushing mechanism; the first material box and the second material box are arranged at the bottom of the box body; a guiding plate is arranged inside the box body above the crushing mechanism, a baffle plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body below the screening mechanism, and a first through groove and a second through groove are arranged on both sides of the box body.

[0008] The feeding mechanism includes a hopper, a first oil cylinder, a cable, a support platform, a rotating shaft, a first motor, a buffer mechanism, and a slide rail; the slide rail is fixed on one side of the box body, and a limiting groove is arranged on the slide rail; a limiting shaft is arranged on one side of the hopper and is arranged in the limiting groove, an arc-shaped groove, a top plate, and a first fixed shaft are arranged on one side of the hopper, a fork arm is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, one end of the fork arm is rotatably connected to the hopper through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the fork arm is provided with a rotating shaft and is arranged in the arc-shaped groove; the first oil cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the hopper, the base of the first oil cylinder is connected to the hopper through a rotating shaft, and the top shaft of the first oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft arranged in the arc-shaped groove on the fork arm; a pair of support platforms are arranged on both sides of the box body, and rollers are arranged at both ends of the support platform; both ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the side wall of the box body through bearing seats, a bevel gear is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, the first motor is fixed on the side wall of the box body, and a bevel gear is arranged at the end of the first motor shaft and meshes with the bevel gear at the end of the rotating shaft; one end of the cable is connected to the end of the rotating shaft, and the other end passes over the support platform and is connected to the first fixed shaft on the hopper; the buffer mechanism includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, and a first spring; the first fixing plate is fixed on the side wall of the box body, a first guiding shaft and a second guiding shaft are fixedly arranged on the second fixing plate and are slidably connected to the first fixing plate, a ball head is arranged at the end of the second guiding shaft, the first spring is sleeved on the second guiding shaft, and the second fixing plate is pushed to slide along the first guiding shaft.

[0009] The first oil cylinder is used to pull the fork arm to extrude the solid waste in the hopper to achieve preliminary crushing. Then, the first motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby pulling the cable, so that the cable pulls the hopper to slide along the limiting groove. When the limiting shaft on the hopper rises to the vertex and continues to be pulled, the hopper flips to pour the waste in the hopper into the box body. At this time, the top plate on the hopper touches the ball head of the buffer mechanism for buffering. After discharging the material, the cable is loosened to reset the hopper along the limiting groove.

[0010] The crushing mechanism includes a sixth motor, a crushing roller, a second motor, a third motor, a crushing tooth disc, a first lead screw, and a second lead screw; there are a pair of crushing rollers, the crushing rollers are hollow, sleeves are provided at both ends of the crushing rollers and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the box body through the sleeves, belt pulleys are provided on the sleeves, the sixth motor is fixed on the side wall of the box body, a belt pulley is provided at the shaft end of the sixth motor and is connected to the belt pulley at one end of the sleeve through a belt, and the belt pulleys at the other ends of the sleeves are connected to each other through a belt; a number of adjustment holes are provided on the crushing rollers; a number of crushing tooth discs are provided inside the crushing rollers, a number of crushing teeth are provided on the crushing tooth discs, the crushing teeth are arranged in the adjustment holes, support plates are provided on the crushing teeth and are arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the crushing rollers for support, through holes and threaded holes are provided on the crushing tooth discs, and the diameter of the through holes is larger than the diameter of the threaded holes; the crushing tooth discs are divided into two groups, namely the first group and the second group, and the directions of the through holes and the threaded holes on the crushing tooth discs in each group are the same; the first lead screw is connected to the threaded holes on the first group of crushing tooth discs and passes through the through holes on the second group of crushing tooth discs, and the second lead screw is connected to the threaded holes on the second group of crushing tooth discs and passes through the through holes on the first group of crushing tooth discs; one end of the first lead screw is connected to the shaft end of the second motor, and one end of the second lead screw is connected to the shaft end of the third motor; by driving the first lead screw to rotate through the rotation of the second motor, the first group of crushing tooth discs are driven to slide along the adjustment holes, and by driving the second lead screw to rotate through the third motor, the second group of crushing tooth discs are driven to slide along the adjustment holes, and the two groups of crushing tooth discs slide towards each other or slide in the opposite direction to adjust the distance between adjacent crushing tooth discs, thereby realizing the adjustment of the size of the crushed blocks.

[0011] The screening mechanism includes a screening plate, a second rotating shaft, a fourth motor, a third guide shaft, a second spring, and a third fixing plate; the fourth motor is fixed on the side wall of the box body through a motor base, a sprocket is provided at the shaft end of the fourth motor, one end of the screening plate is provided with a first rotating shaft and is rotatably connected to the box body, and second fixing shafts are provided on both sides of the other end of the screening plate and are arranged in the second through grooves; a sprocket is provided at the end of the second rotating shaft and is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end of the fourth motor through a chain, and a cam is provided on the second rotating shaft; screening holes are provided on the screening plate; the third fixing plate is fixed on the side wall of the box body, and a through hole is provided on the third fixing plate; one end of the third guide shaft is rotatably connected to the second fixing shaft, and the other end is arranged in the through hole, and the second spring is sleeved on the third guide shaft; by driving the second rotating shaft to rotate through the fourth motor, the cam is driven to toggle the screening plate to rotate around the first rotating shaft, and after the cam passes over the screening plate, the screening plate is quickly reset by the push of the second spring to generate vibration, avoiding the screening holes from being blocked too quickly.

[0012] The pushing mechanism includes a second oil cylinder, a first support plate, a second support plate, a third support plate, a second top plate, a third oil cylinder, a top shaft, a second connecting plate, and a fifth motor; both sides of the first support plate, the second support plate, and the third support plate are connected and fixed by the second connecting plate; the second top plate is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate, several third oil cylinders are arranged on the first support plate, and the top shafts of the third oil cylinders are fixedly connected to the second top plate; first connecting plates are arranged on both sides of the first support plate and are arranged in the first through groove; the second oil cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the box body, and the top shaft of the second oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate; several top shafts are provided, one end of the top shaft is rotatably connected to the second support plate, and the other end of the top shaft passes through the third support plate and is slidably connected; a pair of sprockets are arranged on the top shaft, and adjacent top shafts are connected by a chain; the fifth motor is fixed on the first support plate, a sprocket is arranged at the end of the fifth motor shaft and is connected to the sprocket on the top shaft by a chain.

[0013] The top shaft is hollow, a drill bit is arranged at the top of the top shaft, and the drill bit is composed of a top block and several groups of blocks; a top rod is arranged inside the top shaft, a guide plate is arranged on the top rod, one end of the top rod is fixedly connected to the second top plate, a first chute is arranged on the inner wall of the top shaft, the guide plate is arranged in the first chute, and a guide groove is arranged at the top of the top rod; a connecting shaft is arranged on the top block and is inserted into the top of the top rod, a connecting block is arranged on the connecting shaft and is arranged in the guide groove, and the connecting block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top shaft; a second chute is arranged on one side of the top block, and a third chute is arranged on the end face of the top of the top shaft; the upper and lower end faces of the group of blocks are provided with a first slider and a second slider respectively and are arranged in the second chute and the third chute; a connecting rod is hingedly connected to the side wall of the group of blocks, and the other end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected to the top of the top rod.

[0014] The second oil cylinder drives the first connecting plate to slide along the first through groove, thereby driving the top shaft to rise and push the blockage in the screening hole; when the blockage stuck in the screening hole is too firm to be completely pushed out; the fifth motor drives the top shaft to rotate, the drill bit at the top of the top shaft drills the blockage, after drilling a certain depth, the third oil cylinder pushes the second top plate, the second top plate pushes the top rod to move, the top rod rises along the first chute and then pushes the group of blocks to slide and expand outwards along the first slider and the second slider, and the blockage is broken by the pushing force of the group of blocks.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0016] 1. In the crushing mechanism, according to the type of solid waste or the firmness of the solid waste, the first group and the second group of crushing tooth discs can be driven by the second motor, the third motor, the first lead screw and the second lead screw to move towards or away from each other, so as to adjust the distance between adjacent crushing tooth discs and crushing teeth, and then achieve the effect of changing the crushing force, making it adapt to solid waste of different firmness. For example, when crushing waste materials with relatively low hardness such as bricks, the distance between the crushing tooth discs can be adjusted to be larger to increase the crushing efficiency; when crushing concrete blocks with relatively high hardness, the gap between the crushing tooth discs is adjusted to be smaller to reduce the crushing speed, thereby ensuring the crushing effect and protecting the crushing equipment.

[0017] 2. A jacking mechanism is provided below the screening mechanism. When the screening plate is blocked, the first connecting plate is driven by the second oil cylinder to slide along the first through groove, and then the jacking shaft is driven to rise to jack the blockage in the screening holes. When the blockage stuck in the screening holes is firm and cannot be completely jacked out; the jacking shaft is driven to rotate by the fifth motor, and the drill bit at the top of the jacking shaft vibrates to drill the blockage. After drilling to a certain depth, the second top plate is pushed by the third oil cylinder, and the second top plate pushes the ejector rod to move. The ejector rod rises along the first sliding groove and then pushes the block group to slide along the first slider and the second slider to expand outwards. The blockage is broken by the pushing force of the block group and the jacking shaft jacks the blockage in the screening holes, realizing the through-hole effect of the screening holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic crushing and screening device for a kind of solid waste of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0019] FIG Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic crushing and screening device for a kind of solid waste of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0020] FIG Figure 3 is FIG Figure 2 a schematic enlarged view of a partial structure in

[0021] FIG Figure 4 is FIG Figure 1 a schematic enlarged view of a partial structure in

[0022] FIG Figure 5 is FIG Figure 1 a schematic internal structure diagram;

[0023] FIG Figure 6 is FIG Figure 5 a schematic structural diagram of the crushing mechanism in

[0024] FIG Figure 7 is FIG Figure 6 a schematic structural diagram of the crushing roller in

[0025] FIG Figure 8 is FIGFigure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the medium crushing roll;

[0026] Appendix Figure 9 It is the appendix Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium crushing tooth disc Figure 1 ;

[0027] Appendix Figure 10 It is the appendix Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium crushing tooth disc Figure 2 ;

[0028] Appendix Figure 11 It is the appendix Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the roll body of the medium crushing roll;

[0029] Appendix Figure 12 It is the appendix Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structures of the jacking mechanism and the screening mechanism in the medium;

[0030] Appendix Figure 13 It is the appendix Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the jacking mechanism in the medium;

[0031] Appendix Figure 14 It is the appendix Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the top shaft in the medium;

[0032] Appendix Figure 15 It is the appendix Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the top shaft in the medium;

[0033] Appendix Figure 16 It is the appendix Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end part of the top shaft in the medium;

[0034] Appendix Figure 17 It is the appendix Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the modular block in the medium;

[0035] Appendix Figure 18 It is the appendix Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the power connection structure of the top shaft in the medium;

[0036] In the figure: 1. Box body; 11. Material guiding plate; 12. Material baffle; 13. First through groove; 14. Second through groove; 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Hopper; 211. Arc groove; 212. Fork arm; 213. Top plate; 214. Limit shaft; 215. First fixed shaft; 22. First oil cylinder; 23. Cable; 24. Support platform; 241. Roller; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. First motor; 27. Buffer mechanism; 271. First fixing plate; 272. Second fixing plate; 2721. First guiding shaft; 273. Second guiding shaft; 2731. Ball head; 274. First spring; 28. Slide rail; 281. Limit groove; 3. Crushing mechanism; 31. Sixth motor; 32. Crushing roller; 321. Sleeve; 322. Belt pulley; 323. Adjusting hole; 33. Second motor; 34. Third motor; 35. Crushing tooth disc; 351. Crushing tooth; 3511. Supporting plate; 352. Through hole; 353. Threaded hole; 36. First lead screw; 37. Second lead screw; 38. First group; 39. Second group; 4. Pushing mechanism; 41. Second oil cylinder; 42. First support plate; 421. First connecting plate; 43. Second support plate; 44. Third support plate; 45. Second top plate; 46. Third oil cylinder; 47. Top shaft; 471. Sprocket; 472. Top rod; 4721. Guide plate; 4722. Guide groove; 473. First chute; 474. Connecting shaft; 4741. Connecting block; 475. Top block; 4751. Second chute; 476. Group block; 4761. First slider; 4762. Second slider; 4763. Connecting rod; 477. Third chute; 48. Second connecting plate; 49. Fifth motor; 5. Screening mechanism; 51. Screening plate; 511. Screening hole; 512. First rotating shaft; 513. Second fixed shaft; 52. Second rotating shaft; 521. Cam; 53. Fourth motor; 531. Motor base; 54. Third guiding shaft; 55. Second spring; 56. Third fixing plate; 6. First material box; 7. Second material box. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] For the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below in conjunction with the attached Figures 1 - 18 , drawings.

[0038] An automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste includes a box body 1, a feeding mechanism 2, a crushing mechanism 3, a pushing mechanism 4, a screening mechanism 5, a first material box 6, and a second material box 7; the feeding mechanism 2 is arranged on one side of the box body 1, the crushing mechanism 3, the screening mechanism 5, and the pushing mechanism 4 are arranged inside the box body 1, and the screening mechanism 5 is arranged between the crushing mechanism 3 and the pushing mechanism 4; the first material box 6 and the second material box 7 are arranged at the bottom of the box body 1; a material guiding plate 11 is arranged inside the box body 1 and above the crushing mechanism 3, a material baffle 12 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 1 and below the screening mechanism 5, and first through grooves 13 and second through grooves 14 are arranged on both sides of the box body 1.

[0039] The feeding mechanism 2 includes a hopper 21, a first oil cylinder 22, a cable 23, a support platform 24, a rotating shaft 25, a first motor 26, a buffer mechanism 27, and a slide rail 28; the slide rail 28 is fixed to one side of the box body 1, and a limiting groove 281 is provided on the slide rail 28; a limiting shaft 214 is provided on one side of the hopper 21 and is arranged in the limiting groove 281. An arc-shaped groove 211, a top plate 213, and a first fixed shaft 215 are provided on one side of the hopper 21. Fork arms 212 are provided at the bottom of the hopper 21. One end of the fork arm 212 is rotatably connected to the hopper 21 through a rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft is provided at the other end of the fork arm 212 and is arranged in the arc-shaped groove 211; the first oil cylinder 22 is fixed to the side wall of the hopper 21, the base of the first oil cylinder 22 is connected to the hopper 21 through a rotating shaft, and the top shaft of the first oil cylinder 22 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft arranged in the arc-shaped groove 211 on the fork arm 212; a pair of the support platforms 24 are provided on both sides of the box body 1, and rollers 241 are provided at both ends of the support platform 24; both ends of the rotating shaft 25 are fixed to the side wall of the box body 1 through bearing seats, a bevel gear is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft 25, the first motor 26 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 1, and a bevel gear is provided at the shaft end of the first motor 26 and meshes with the bevel gear at the end of the rotating shaft 25; one end of the cable 23 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 25, and the other end passes over the support platform 24 and is connected to the first fixed shaft 215 on the hopper 21; the buffer mechanism 27 includes a first fixing plate 271, a second fixing plate 272, and a first spring 274; the first fixing plate 271 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 1, a first guiding shaft 2721 and a second guiding shaft 273 are fixedly provided on the second fixing plate 272 and are slidably connected to the first fixing plate 271. A ball head 2731 is provided at the end of the second guiding shaft 273, and the first spring 274 is sleeved on the second guiding shaft 273 to push the second fixing plate 272 to slide along the first guiding shaft 2721.

[0040] The first oil cylinder 22 pulls the fork arm 212 to extrude the solid waste in the hopper 21 to achieve preliminary crushing. Then, the first motor 26 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate, thereby pulling the cable 23, so that the cable 23 pulls the hopper 21 to slide along the limiting groove 281. When the limiting shaft 214 on the hopper 21 rises to the vertex and continues to be pulled, the hopper 21 flips to pour the waste in the hopper into the box body 1. At this time, the top plate 213 on the hopper 21 touches the ball head 2731 of the buffer mechanism 27 for buffering. After unloading, the cable is relaxed to reset the hopper 21 along the limiting groove 281.

[0041] The crushing mechanism 3 includes a sixth motor 31, a crushing roller 32, a second motor 33, a third motor 34, a crushing tooth disc 35, a first lead screw 36, and a second lead screw 37; there are a pair of crushing rollers 32, the crushing rollers 32 are hollow, sleeves 321 are provided at both ends of the crushing rollers 32 and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the box body 1 through the sleeves 321, belt pulleys 322 are provided on the sleeves 321, the sixth motor 31 is fixed on the side wall of the box body 1, a belt pulley is provided at the shaft end of the sixth motor 31 and is connected to the belt pulley 322 at one end of the sleeve 321 through a belt, and the belt pulleys 322 at the other end of the sleeve 321 are connected to each other through a belt; a number of adjustment holes 323 are provided on the crushing rollers 32; a number of crushing tooth discs 35 are provided inside the crushing rollers 32, a number of crushing teeth 351 are provided on the crushing tooth discs 35, the crushing teeth 351 are arranged in the adjustment holes 323, support plates 3511 are provided on the crushing teeth 351 and are arranged on the inner and outer walls of the crushing rollers 32 for support, through holes 352 and threaded holes 353 are provided on the crushing tooth discs 35, and the diameter of the through holes 352 is larger than the diameter of the threaded holes 353; the crushing tooth discs 35 are divided into two groups, namely a first group 38 and a second group 39, and the directions of the through holes 352 and the threaded holes 353 on the crushing tooth discs 35 in each group are the same; the first lead screw 36 is connected to the threaded holes 353 on the crushing tooth discs 35 in the first group 38 and passes through the through holes 352 on the crushing tooth discs 35 in the second group 39, and the second lead screw 37 is connected to the threaded holes 353 on the crushing tooth discs 35 in the second group 39 and passes through the through holes 352 on the crushing tooth discs 35 in the first group 38; one end of the first lead screw 36 is connected to the shaft end of the second motor 33, and one end of the second lead screw 37 is connected to the shaft end of the third motor 34; by rotating the second motor 33 to drive the first lead screw 36 to rotate, thereby driving the crushing tooth discs 35 in the first group 38 to slide along the adjustment holes 323, and by driving the second lead screw 37 to rotate through the third motor 34, further driving the crushing tooth discs 35 in the second group 39 to slide along the adjustment holes 323, the two groups of crushing tooth discs 35 slide towards each other or in the opposite direction to adjust the distance between adjacent crushing tooth discs 35, and further adjust the size of the crushed blocks.

[0042] The screening mechanism 5 includes a screening plate 51, a second rotating shaft 52, a fourth motor 53, a third guiding shaft 54, a second spring 55, and a third fixing plate 56. The fourth motor 53 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 1 through a motor seat 531. A sprocket is provided at the shaft end of the fourth motor 53. One end of the screening plate 51 is provided with a first rotating shaft 512 and is rotatably connected to the box body 1. Both sides of the other end of the screening plate 51 are provided with second fixing shafts 513 and are arranged in the second through groove 14. A sprocket is provided at the end of the second rotating shaft 52 and is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end of the fourth motor 53 through a chain. A cam 521 is provided on the second rotating shaft 52. Screening holes 511 are provided on the screening plate 51. The third fixing plate 56 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 1, and a through hole is provided on the third fixing plate 56. One end of the third guiding shaft 54 is rotatably connected to the second fixing shaft 513, and the other end is arranged in the through hole. The second spring 55 is sleeved on the third guiding shaft 54. The fourth motor 53 drives the second rotating shaft 52 to rotate, thereby driving the cam 521 to push the screening plate 51 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 512. After the cam 521 passes over the screening plate 51, the screening plate 51 is quickly reset by the second spring 55 to generate vibration, avoiding the screening holes 511 from being blocked too quickly.

[0043] The pushing mechanism 4 includes a second oil cylinder 41, a first support plate 42, a second support plate 43, a third support plate 44, a second top plate 45, a third oil cylinder 46, a top shaft 47, a second connecting plate 48, and a fifth motor 49. Both sides of the first support plate 42, the second support plate 43, and the third support plate 44 are connected and fixed through the second connecting plate 48. The second top plate 45 is arranged between the first support plate 42 and the second support plate 43. A plurality of third oil cylinders 46 are provided on the first support plate 42, and the top shafts of the third oil cylinders 46 are fixedly connected to the second top plate 45. First connecting plates 421 are provided on both sides of the first support plate 42 and are arranged in the first through groove 13. The second oil cylinder 41 is fixed to the side wall of the box body 1, and the top shaft of the second oil cylinder 41 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 421. A plurality of top shafts 47 are provided. One end of the top shaft 47 is rotatably connected to the second support plate 43, and the other end of the top shaft 47 passes through the third support plate 44 and is slidably connected. A pair of sprockets 471 are provided on the top shaft 47, and adjacent top shafts 47 are connected through a chain. The fifth motor 49 is fixed to the first support plate 42, and a sprocket is provided at the shaft end of the fifth motor 49 and is connected to the sprocket on the top shaft 47 through a chain.

[0044] The top shaft 47 is hollow, and a drill bit is provided at the top of the top shaft 47. The drill bit is composed of a top block 475 and several groups of blocks 476. A top rod 472 is arranged inside the top shaft 47. A guide plate 4721 is arranged on the top rod 472. One end of the top rod 472 is fixedly connected to the second top plate 45. A first sliding groove 473 is arranged on the inner wall of the top shaft 47. The guide plate 4721 is arranged in the first sliding groove 473. A guide groove 4722 is arranged at the top of the top rod 472. A connecting shaft 474 is arranged on the top block 475 and is inserted into the top of the top rod 472. A connecting block 4741 is arranged on the connecting shaft 474 and is arranged in the guide groove 4722. The connecting block 4741 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top shaft 47. A second sliding groove 4751 is arranged on one side of the top block 475. A third sliding groove 477 is arranged on the top end face of the top shaft 47. The upper and lower end faces of the group block 476 are provided with a first sliding block 4761 and a second sliding block 4762 respectively and are arranged in the second sliding groove 4751 and the third sliding groove 477. A link 4763 is hinged to the side wall of the group block 476, and the other end of the link 4763 is hinged to the top of the top rod 472.

[0045] The second oil cylinder 41 drives the first connecting plate 421 to slide along the first through groove 13, and then drives the top shaft 47 to rise to push the blockage in the screening hole 511. When the blockage stuck in the screening hole 511 is too firm to be completely pushed out; the fifth motor 49 drives the top shaft 47 to rotate, and the drill bit at the top of the top shaft 47 drills the blockage. After drilling to a certain depth, the third oil cylinder 46 pushes the second top plate 45, and the second top plate 45 pushes the top rod 472 to move. The top rod 472 rises along the first sliding groove 473 and then pushes the group block 476 to slide and expand outwards along the first sliding block 4761 and the second sliding block 4762. The blockage is broken by the pushing force of the group block 476.

[0046] An automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste has the following working process:

[0047] First, the feeding mechanism 2 feeds materials. The first motor 26 pulls the cable 23, and the cable 23 pulls the hopper 21 to slide and rise along the limit groove 281. After the hopper 21 rises to the top of the limit groove 281, the cable 23 is continuously pulled to turn over the hopper 21 to send the solid waste into the box body 1. The buffer mechanism 27 pushes the top plate 213 to buffer the hopper 21. After the feeding is completed, the cable 23 is loosened to reset the hopper 21. During this process, according to the size of the solid waste, the first oil cylinder 22 can pull the fork arm 212 to extrude the solid waste in the hopper 21 to achieve preliminary crushing.

[0048] The sixth motor 31 drives the crushing roller 32 to rotate to crush the solid waste; according to the type of the solid waste or the firmness of the solid waste, the second motor 33 and the third motor 34 are respectively driven to move two groups of crushing tooth discs 35 towards or away from each other, so as to adjust the distance between adjacent crushing tooth discs 35 and crushing teeth 351, and further achieve the effect of changing the crushing force, so as to adapt to solid waste with different firmness degrees.

[0049] After the crushing material is completed, it is screened by the screening plate 51 in the screening mechanism 5. The fourth motor 53 drives the second rotating shaft 52 to rotate, drives the cam 521 to push the screening plate 51. After the cam 521 passes over the screening plate, it is pushed by the second spring 55 to quickly reset and generate vibration for filtering and screening. The waste with a large volume slides into the second bin 7; blocked by the baffle 12, the fine crushed materials after screening fall onto the third support plate 44 and slide into the first bin 6;

[0050] When the screening plate 51 is blocked, the second oil cylinder 41 drives the first connecting plate 421 to slide along the first through groove 13, and then drives the top shaft 47 to rise to push the blockage in the screening hole 511; when the blockage stuck in the screening hole 511 is firm and cannot be completely pushed out; the fifth motor 49 drives the top shaft 47 to rotate, and the drill bit at the top of the top shaft 47 vibrates to drill the blockage. After drilling a certain depth, the third oil cylinder 46 pushes the second top plate 45, the second top plate 45 pushes the ejector rod 472 to move, the ejector rod 472 rises along the first chute 473, and then pushes the block 476 to slide outwards along the first slider 4761 and the second slider 4762 through the connecting rod 4763, and the block 476 is used to break the blockage by its pushing force; to achieve the through-hole effect of the screening hole 511.

[0051] The above content is only an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present technology make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace them. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by this claim book, they should all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic crushing and screening device for solid waste, comprising a box body, a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a first material box, and a second material box; characterized in that The feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the box body, the crushing mechanism, the screening mechanism, and the pushing mechanism are arranged inside the box body, and the screening mechanism is arranged between the crushing mechanism and the pushing mechanism; the first material box and the second material box are arranged at the bottom of the box body; a material guiding plate is arranged inside the box body and above the crushing mechanism, a material blocking plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body and below the screening mechanism, and the first through groove and the second through groove are arranged on both sides of the box body; The crushing mechanism includes a sixth motor, crushing rollers, a second motor, a third motor, crushing sprockets, a first lead screw, and a second lead screw; there are a pair of crushing rollers, the crushing rollers are hollow, sleeves are arranged at both ends of the crushing rollers and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the box body through the sleeves, pulleys are arranged on the sleeves, the sixth motor is fixed on the side wall of the box body, a pulley is arranged at the end of the sixth motor shaft and is connected to the pulley at one end of the sleeve through a belt, and the pulleys at the other ends of the sleeves are connected to each other through a belt; a number of adjustment holes are arranged on the crushing rollers; a number of crushing sprockets are arranged inside the crushing rollers, a number of crushing teeth are arranged on the crushing sprockets, the crushing teeth are arranged in the adjustment holes, support plates are arranged on the crushing teeth and are used for supporting on the inner and outer walls of the crushing rollers, through holes and threaded holes are arranged on the crushing sprockets, and the diameter of the through holes is larger than the diameter of the threaded holes; the crushing sprockets are divided into two groups, namely the first group and the second group, and the directions of the through holes and the threaded holes on the crushing sprockets of each group are the same; the first lead screw is connected to the threaded holes on the first group of crushing sprockets and passes through the through holes on the second group of crushing sprockets, and the second lead screw is connected to the threaded holes on the second group of crushing sprockets and passes through the through holes on the first group of crushing sprockets; one end of the first lead screw is connected to the end of the second motor shaft, and one end of the second lead screw is connected to the end of the third motor shaft.

2. The automated crushing and screening device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that The feeding mechanism includes a hopper, a first oil cylinder, a cable, a support platform, a rotating shaft, a first motor, a buffer mechanism, and a slide rail; the slide rail is fixed on one side of the box body, and a limit groove is arranged on the slide rail; a limit shaft is arranged on one side of the hopper and is arranged in the limit groove, an arc groove, a top plate, and a first fixed shaft are arranged on one side of the hopper, a fork arm is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, one end of the fork arm is rotatably connected to the hopper through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the fork arm is provided with a rotating shaft and is arranged in the arc groove; the first oil cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the hopper, the base of the first oil cylinder is connected to the hopper through a rotating shaft, and the top shaft of the first oil cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft arranged in the arc groove on the fork arm; there are a pair of support platforms arranged on both sides of the box body, and rollers are arranged at both ends of the support platforms; both ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the side wall of the box body through bearing seats, a bevel gear is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, the first motor is fixed on the side wall of the box body, a bevel gear is arranged at the end of the first motor shaft and meshes with the bevel gear at the end of the rotating shaft; one end of the cable is connected to the end of the rotating shaft, and the other end passes over the support platform and is connected to the first fixed shaft on the hopper; the buffer mechanism includes a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, and a first spring; the first fixing plate is fixed on the side wall of the box body, a first guiding shaft and a second guiding shaft are fixedly arranged on the second fixing plate and are slidably connected to the first fixing plate, a ball head is arranged at the end of the second guiding shaft, the first spring is sleeved on the second guiding shaft, and the second fixing plate is pushed to slide along the first guiding shaft.

3. An automated crushing and screening device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that The screening mechanism includes a screening plate, a second rotating shaft, a fourth motor, a third guiding shaft, a second spring, and a third fixing plate. The fourth motor is fixed on the side wall of the box body through a motor base. A sprocket is provided at the end of the fourth motor shaft. One end of the screening plate is provided with a first rotating shaft and is rotatably connected to the box body. Both sides of the other end of the screening plate are provided with second fixing shafts and are arranged in the second through groove. A sprocket is provided at the end of the second rotating shaft and is connected to the sprocket at the end of the fourth motor shaft through a chain. A cam is provided on the second rotating shaft. Screening holes are provided on the screening plate. The third fixing plate is fixed on the side wall of the box body, and a through hole is provided on the third fixing plate. One end of the third guiding shaft is rotatably connected to the second fixing shaft, and the other end is arranged in the through hole. The second spring is sleeved on the third guiding shaft.

4. An automated crushing and screening device for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that The pushing mechanism includes a second oil cylinder, a first support plate, a second support plate, a third support plate, a second top plate, a third oil cylinder, a top shaft, a second connecting plate, and a fifth motor. The two sides of the first support plate, the second support plate, and the third support plate are connected and fixed through the second connecting plate. The second top plate is arranged between the first support plate and the second support plate. A number of third oil cylinders are provided on the first support plate, and the top shafts of the third oil cylinders are fixedly connected to the second top plate. First connecting plates are provided on both sides of the first support plate and are arranged in the first through groove. The second oil cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the box body, and the top shaft of the second oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate. A number of top shafts are provided. One end of the top shaft is rotatably connected to the second support plate, and the other end passes through the third support plate and is slidably connected. A pair of sprockets are provided on the top shaft, and adjacent top shafts are connected through a chain. The fifth motor is fixed on the first support plate, and a sprocket is provided at the end of the fifth motor shaft and is connected to the sprocket on the top shaft through a chain.

5. The automated crushing and screening device for solid waste according to claim 4, wherein The top shaft is hollow. A drill bit is provided at the top of the top shaft. The drill bit is composed of a top block and a number of groups of blocks. A top rod is arranged inside the top shaft. A guiding plate is provided on the top rod. One end of the top rod is fixedly connected to the second top plate. A first sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the top shaft, and the guiding plate is arranged in the first sliding groove. A guiding groove is provided at the top of the top rod. A connecting shaft is provided on the top block and is inserted into the top of the top rod. A connecting block is provided on the connecting shaft and is arranged in the guiding groove. The connecting block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top shaft. A second sliding groove is provided on one side of the top block, and a third sliding groove is provided on the end face of the top of the top shaft. First sliders and second sliders are provided on the upper and lower end faces of the group of blocks and are respectively arranged in the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove. A connecting rod is provided on the side wall of the group of blocks through a hinge connection, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinge-connected to the top of the top rod.

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