A detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace and its installation and disassembly method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detachable and replaceable heat-insulating device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace and a method for installing and disassembling the device. A heat-insulating hole is provided on a tuyere platform below the tuyere of the blast furnace body, and the heat-insulating hole is provided corresponding to the iron mouth of the blast furnace and the main iron groove. A fixed frame connected to the tuyere platform is provided in the heat-insulating hole, and an upper heat-insulating plate is provided above the fixed frame. A lower heat-insulating box is provided on the first crossbeam below the heat-insulating hole, and the lower heat-insulating box and the upper heat-insulating plate are connected by a number of tension screws passing through the fixed frame and filled with heat-insulating material. This heat-insulating device has a strong heat-insulating performance, which can not only avoid cracking, deformation and even brick shedding caused by high-temperature baking, but also isolate the hot air flow and gas upwelling below, and also avoid the gas and high temperature accumulation above the tuyere platform, ensuring the safety of workers moving on the tuyere platform and bringing convenience to maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and in particular to a detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above a blast furnace iron mouth and an installation and disassembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The blast furnace's taphole and main trough are the hottest areas during iron tapping. The ambient temperature from the taphole to the tuyere platform can reach up to 530°C, significantly impacting surrounding equipment and facilities. The tuyere platform above the taphole and main trough is constructed entirely of a steel frame and floor, with brickwork built on top. These steel structures, welds, and brickwork have limited heat resistance and cannot withstand prolonged high temperatures.

[0003] On the one hand, due to the long-term high temperature of molten iron above the taphole, the air temperature can reach 530℃, and the steel frame and bottom plate will crack and deform due to the heat. The bottom plate will crack and the brickwork will be damaged and fall off. When the iron is tapped, the hot air will surge from the damaged gap and carry gas. The high temperature and gas will bring great safety hazards to the passage and maintenance of on-site personnel.

[0004] On the other hand, it is difficult to repair hidden dangers in the steel structure, base plate, and brickwork. After removing the brickwork and cutting off the base plate, it is necessary to reinforce the steel structure, weld the base plate, and lay the brick layer. Moreover, the steel structure cannot be reinforced after severe cracks, and the steel structure, especially the steel beam, must be replaced. Moreover, the maintenance construction time is long, generally more than 3 days, which affects the production of iron in the blast furnace. Especially when there are two iron holes, one side is inspected while the other side is producing iron, which poses a huge production, equipment, and safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace and a method for installing and disassembling the device in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A detachable and replaceable insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace is provided, wherein an insulation hole is provided on a tuyere platform below the tuyere of the blast furnace body, and the insulation hole is provided corresponding to the iron mouth of the blast furnace and the main iron groove; a fixed frame connected to the tuyere platform is provided in the insulation hole, and an upper insulation board is provided above the fixed frame; a lower insulation box is provided on the first crossbeam below the insulation hole, and the lower insulation box and the upper insulation board are connected by a number of tension screws passing through the fixed frame; the size of the lower insulation box is larger than the opening size of the insulation hole, and insulation materials are respectively provided between the lower insulation box, the upper insulation board and the tuyere platform.

[0008] This detachable and replaceable heat-insulating device above the blast furnace iron mouth has strong heat-insulating properties. It can not only prevent the tuyere platform from being subjected to high-temperature baking and causing cracking, deformation, or even brick shedding, but also isolate the hot air flow and gas upwelling when the iron is tapped from the main iron channel below, preventing high temperature or gas from being sucked into the tuyere of the blast furnace body. It also prevents the accumulation of gas and high temperature above the tuyere platform, ensuring the safety of workers moving on the tuyere platform and bringing convenience to maintenance. In addition, the overall structure is simple and easy to install and disassemble, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of heat-insulating parts, and eliminates the need to repeatedly disassemble and assemble the brickwork structure of the tuyere platform in the later stage.

[0009] This thermal insulation device is installed by drilling holes in the original tuyere platform. This replaces the area of the tuyere platform that was exposed to high temperatures for a long time with a device that is more heat-resistant and has superior thermal insulation performance. This solves the original tuyere platform's inability to withstand high temperatures and the resulting damage and maintenance difficulties. The fixed frame can serve as both a support and reinforcement, forming a support frame within the thermal insulation hole to facilitate the installation of the upper thermal insulation board, while also forming a supporting structure around the inner periphery of the thermal insulation hole.

[0010] The upper insulation board, the insulation material and the lower insulation box can form multiple insulation protections from top to bottom and seal the insulation hole. The lower insulation box is large in size and serves as the first line of defense, which can greatly isolate the high temperature of baking below. The insulation material filled between the lower insulation box and the upper insulation board acts as the second line of defense, which can basically prevent the upward conduction of high temperature and can play a sealing role, preventing the high-temperature airflow and smoke from spreading upward. In addition, the insulation material is light in weight and basically does not increase the large support burden of the lower insulation box. The upper insulation board plays the role of the last insulation. At this time, it can basically ensure that the temperature above the insulation hole is not much different from the temperature around the air outlet platform, and high temperatures of hundreds of degrees Celsius will not occur. In addition, the upper insulation board can form a flat structure together with the upper surface of the air outlet platform, which can be used as a work platform for passage and maintenance, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to pass.

[0011] The lower insulation box body can be directly installed and supported on the first crossbeam below. The setting of the tension screw rod can further improve the connection strength and stability of the lower insulation box body, and can also fix the upper insulation board. The tension screw rod can be installed and adjusted from top to bottom, and is also more convenient to use.

[0012] Furthermore, the tuyere platform is a brick structure, and a second crossbeam is provided at the bottom of the tuyere platform. The fixed frame is supported on the second crossbeam, which can reduce damage to the brickwork outside the insulation hole and allow the crossbeam to bear the force instead of the brick wall, which is conducive to maintaining the service life of the brick wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat insulation hole is a square hole, a rectangular hole or a circular hole, and the length and width or the inner diameter of the heat insulation hole is not less than 1m.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper surface of the upper heat insulation board is no higher than the upper surface of the tuyere platform. The upper heat insulation board is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes, within which tie rod nuts for connecting the tie rods are located. The upper ends of the tie rods do not extend beyond the countersunk holes. The provision of the countersunk holes facilitates concealed installation of the tie rod nuts and prevents the ends of the tie rods from protruding from the upper surface. This arrangement helps maintain a smooth upper surface of the tuyere platform.

[0015] Furthermore, there are at least four tensioning screws, a pluggable plug is provided in the countersunk hole, and a sealing insulation material is provided between the four sides of the upper insulation plate and the inner periphery of the insulation hole.

[0016] Furthermore, a pair of parallel grooves are provided under the lower insulation box body, and a pair of fixed support rods are provided on the first crossbeam. The grooves are engaged with the fixed support rods to have a limiting effect, while also avoiding the installation of metal connectors such as bolts and screws in places facing high temperatures.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixed support rod is provided with a plurality of elastic buffers, and a support plate is provided above the elastic buffers, the support plate abutting the groove; the elastic buffers include a telescopic rod and a spring sleeved on the telescopic rod. The provision of the elastic buffers can not only form a support structure, but also resist and absorb displacement changes caused by high-temperature baking deformation.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of anchoring nails are provided on the inner periphery of the lower insulation box body, and the lower insulation box body is filled with insulation material connected to the anchoring nails; the lower insulation box body is a rectangular box body or a trapezoidal box body, and the side wall of the trapezoidal box body is an arc structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the anchor nail is a hook-shaped structure, and a plurality of sleeve-shaped anchor nails are provided on the inner bottom of the lower heat insulation box body. The sleeve-shaped anchor nail has a sleeve portion connected to the tension screw and a barb provided on the outer periphery of the sleeve portion.

[0020] A method for installing and disassembling a detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above a blast furnace iron mouth, comprising an installation method and a disassembly method;

[0021] The installation method comprises the following steps: opening insulation holes on the tuyere platform corresponding to the tuyere of the blast furnace body, the iron mouth of the blast furnace and the iron main groove, installing a fixing frame in the insulation holes, and the fixing frame is supported on the second crossbeam; arranging the lower insulation box above the first crossbeam, and pre-connecting the tension screws above the lower insulation box; filling the insulation material above the lower insulation box, and the insulation material is filled to the upper surface of the fixing frame; arranging the upper insulation board above the fixing frame, and the tension screws are respectively passed through the countersunk holes of the upper insulation board, and tightening the tie rod nuts to fix the tension screws;

[0022] The disassembly method includes the following steps: loosening the tie rod nut, taking out the upper insulation board, insulation material and the tension screw from above, removing the lower insulation box body, replacing the parts that need to be replaced and reinstalling them.

[0023] This installation and disassembly method is relatively simple to operate. While being able to meet the needs of on-site use and effective heat insulation, it is also convenient to replace various components in the device, so that the maintenance time is controllable and does not affect the production of iron in the blast furnace.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The detachable and replaceable heat-insulating device above the iron mouth of the blast furnace has a strong heat-insulating performance, which can not only prevent the tuyere platform from being subjected to high-temperature baking and causing cracking, deformation, or even brick falling off, but also isolate the hot air flow and coal gas from rising when the iron main ditch below is tapping iron, thereby preventing high temperature or coal gas from being sucked into the tuyere of the blast furnace body, and also avoids the accumulation of coal gas and high temperature above the tuyere platform, thereby ensuring the safety of workers moving on the tuyere platform and bringing convenience to maintenance; 2. The overall structure of the heat-insulating device is simple, easy to install and disassemble, and convenient for replacing and maintaining the heat-insulating parts, without the need to repeatedly disassemble and assemble the brickwork structure of the tuyere platform in the later stage; 3. 1. The setting of the fixed frame can be used as a support and reinforcement member, forming a support frame in the insulation hole to facilitate the installation of the upper insulation board, and can also form a support structure on the inner periphery of the insulation hole; 2. The upper insulation board, the insulation material and the lower insulation box can form multiple insulation protections from top to bottom and close the insulation hole; 3. The lower insulation box can be directly installed and supported on the first crossbeam below. The setting of the tension screw can further enhance the connection strength and stability of the lower insulation box, and can also fix the upper insulation board. The tension screw can be installed and adjusted from top to bottom, and is more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of a detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above a blast furnace iron mouth according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower insulation box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of the lower insulation box of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1. Blast furnace iron mouth and iron main groove; 2. Blast furnace body tuyere; 3. Tuyere platform; 4. Fixed frame; 5. Second crossbeam; 6. Lower insulation box; 7. First crossbeam; 8. Upper insulation board; 9. Insulation material; 10. Tie screw; 11. Tie rod nut; 12. Groove; 13. Fixed support rod; 14. Anchor nail; 15. Insulation material; 16. Sleeve-shaped anchor nail; 17. Elastic buffer; 18. Support plate; 19. Arc structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a detachable and replaceable insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace is provided, and an insulation hole is opened on the tuyere platform 3 below the tuyere 2 of the blast furnace body, and the insulation hole is arranged corresponding to the iron mouth of the blast furnace and the iron main groove 1; a fixed frame 4 connected to the tuyere platform 3 is provided in the insulation hole, and an upper insulation board 8 is provided above the fixed frame 4; a lower insulation box body 6 is provided on the first crossbeam 7 below the insulation hole, and the lower insulation box body 6 and the upper insulation board 8 are connected by a number of tension screws 10 passing through the fixed frame 4; the size of the lower insulation box body 6 is larger than the opening size of the insulation hole, and insulation materials 9 are respectively provided between the lower insulation box body 6 and the upper insulation board 8 and the tuyere platform 3.

[0032] The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the blast furnace iron mouth has strong heat insulation performance. It can not only prevent the tuyere platform 3 from being subjected to high temperature baking and causing cracking, deformation, or even brick falling, but also can isolate the hot air flow and coal gas from rising when the iron is tapped from the main iron channel below, preventing high temperature or coal gas from being sucked into the blast furnace tuyere. At the same time, it also prevents the accumulation of coal gas and high temperature above the tuyere platform 3, ensuring the safety of workers moving on the tuyere platform and bringing convenience to maintenance. In addition, the overall structure is simple and easy to install and disassemble, which facilitates the replacement and maintenance of heat insulation parts, and eliminates the need to repeatedly disassemble and assemble the brickwork structure of the tuyere platform in the later stage.

[0033] This heat insulation device is installed by opening a hole on the original tuyere platform, replacing the place on the tuyere platform 3 that is exposed to high temperature for a long time with a device that is heat-resistant and has better heat insulation performance, solving the problem that the original tuyere platform cannot tolerate high temperature and is damaged by high temperature and difficult to maintain.

[0034] The setting of the fixed frame 4 can be used as a support member and a reinforcement member, forming a support frame in the insulation hole to facilitate the installation of the upper insulation board, and can also form a support structure on the inner periphery of the insulation hole.

[0035] The upper insulation board 8, the insulation material 9 and the lower insulation box 6 can form multiple insulation protection from top to bottom and seal the insulation hole. The lower insulation box 6 is large in size and acts as the first line of defense, which can greatly isolate the high temperature of baking below. The insulation material 9 filled between the lower insulation box 6 and the upper insulation board 8 acts as the second line of defense, which can basically prevent the upward conduction of high temperature and can act as a seal to prevent the high-temperature airflow and smoke from spreading upward. In addition, the insulation material 9 is light in weight and basically does not increase the large support burden of the lower insulation box. The upper insulation board 8 acts as the last line of insulation, which can basically ensure that the temperature above the insulation hole is not much different from the temperature around the air outlet platform, and will not reach hundreds of degrees Celsius. In addition, the upper insulation board 8 can form a flat structure together with the upper surface of the air outlet platform 3, which can be used as a work platform for passage and maintenance, making it convenient for maintenance personnel to pass through.

[0036] The lower insulation box body 6 can be directly installed and supported on the first crossbeam 7 below. The setting of the tension screw 10 can further improve the connection strength and stability of the lower insulation box body 6, forming a double connection installation structure, and can also fix the upper insulation board 8. The tension screw 10 can be installed and adjusted from top to bottom, and is also more convenient to use.

[0037] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation material 9 may be thermal insulation cotton, heat preservation cotton, etc., and the upper thermal insulation board 8 may be a vacuum board, a calcium silicate board, a rock wool board, etc.

[0038] Furthermore, the tuyere platform 3 is a brick structure, a second crossbeam 5 is provided at the bottom of the tuyere platform 3 , and the fixed frame 4 is supported on the second crossbeam 5 .

[0039] The tuyere platform 3 can retain the original brick structure, and the fixed frame 4 is installed on the second crossbeam 5, which can also reduce damage to the brickwork outside the insulation hole, allowing the crossbeam to bear the force instead of the brick wall, which is conducive to maintaining the service life of the brick wall.

[0040] Furthermore, the insulation hole is a square, rectangular, or circular hole, and the length, width, or inner diameter of the insulation hole is no less than 1 meter. For example, the insulation hole is a 1.5m*1.5m square hole. The size of the lower insulation box 6 is larger than the size of the insulation hole, and the lower insulation box 6 is a monolithic structure, which can prevent the vertical gap from being exposed to the outside. This configuration can prevent rising heat and smoke from spreading upward through the vertical gap.

[0041] Furthermore, the upper surface of the upper insulation plate 8 is not higher than the upper surface of the air outlet platform 3. The upper insulation plate 8 is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes, and the countersunk holes are provided with tie rod nuts 11 connected to the tension screws 10. The upper end of the tension screws 10 does not exceed the countersunk holes.

[0042] The setting of the countersunk hole facilitates the concealed installation of the tie rod nut 11 and also enables the end of the tension screw 10 to not protrude from the upper surface. Such a setting is conducive to maintaining the flatness of the upper surface of the tuyere platform 3.

[0043] Furthermore, there are at least four tensioning screws 10, and a pluggable plug is provided in the countersunk hole, which can temporarily block the countersunk hole, thereby protecting the tie rod nut and filling the countersunk hole; a sealing insulation material is provided between the four sides of the upper insulation plate 8 and the inner periphery of the insulation hole.

[0044] Furthermore, a pair of parallel grooves 12 are provided below the lower heat-insulating box body 6 , and a pair of fixed support rods 13 are provided on the first crossbeam 7 , and the grooves 12 are engaged with the fixed support rods 13 .

[0045] The provision of the groove 12 and the fixed support rod 13 can further enhance the stability of the supporting connection, have a limiting effect, and also avoid the need to provide metal connectors such as bolts and screws in places exposed to high temperatures.

[0046] In some embodiments, as Figure 2As shown, a plurality of elastic buffers 17 are provided on the fixed support rod 13 , and a support plate 18 is provided above the elastic buffer 17 , and the support plate 18 abuts against the groove 12 ; the elastic buffer 17 includes a telescopic rod and a spring sleeved on the telescopic rod.

[0047] By arranging the elastic buffer 17 on the fixed support rod 13, a support structure can be formed, and the displacement changes caused by high-temperature baking deformation can also be resisted and absorbed. Since the lower insulation box 6 is a double-fixed structure, the strength of the upper tension screw connection is relatively high. If the lower part is also a fixed support, the lower insulation box will be relatively fixed. If deformation force or abnormal force occurs, the lower insulation box will need to overcome such deformation or displacement by itself, which is not conducive to its stability. By setting the elastic buffer, it can absorb and adaptively adjust the support state during the support process, ensuring at least the stability of the lower insulation box.

[0048] Specifically, a plurality of receiving grooves are provided on the fixed support rod 13, and a plurality of small telescopic rods are arranged in the receiving grooves. The telescopic rods are provided with shock-absorbing springs, and then the support plate 18 is arranged above them. The support plate 18 is used to contact the groove 12 to form a planar support.

[0049] Furthermore, the inner periphery of the lower insulation box body 6 is provided with a plurality of anchoring nails 14, and the lower insulation box body 6 is filled with insulation material 15 connected to the anchoring nails 14; the lower insulation box body 6 is a rectangular box body or a trapezoidal box body, and the side wall of the trapezoidal box body is an arc structure 19, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0050] The lower insulation box 6 is a hollow cavity structure. Spraying or filling insulation material inside it can form a box-shaped insulation structure, which has better local insulation performance. The provision of the anchor nails 14 can enhance the connection effect with the insulation material 15. The insulation material 15 can be provided by spraying the insulation material through the channel on the upper insulation box, or it can be filled with insulation material during the production of the lower insulation box and then packaged into an integrated structure.

[0051] Typically, in order to guide the heat flow, the rectangular box structure in the lower heat-insulating box 6 may be provided with an arc structure 19 on the side wall to disperse the airflow to the surroundings and reduce the upward flow.

[0052] Furthermore, the anchor nail 14 is a hook-shaped structure, and the inner bottom of the lower insulation box body 6 is provided with a plurality of sleeve-shaped anchor nails 16. The sleeve-shaped anchor nail 16 has a sleeve portion connected to the tension screw 10, and a barb arranged on the outer periphery of the sleeve portion.

[0053] In order to avoid the upper cover of the lower insulation box body 6 being subjected to stress alone, the anchor nails at the bottom can be set into a sleeve-shaped structure, which can be docked and connected with the tension screw rod, so that the entire box body can share the stress as much as possible without affecting its installation.

[0054] In some embodiments, the lower insulation box 6 is further provided with a plurality of heat transfer plates installed vertically at the bottom of the lower insulation box. Heat transfer pipes are provided between the heat transfer plates, and the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer pipes extend from either side of the lower insulation box. This arrangement allows the heat from baking to be transferred to the circulating liquid using the heat transfer plates and pipes, which not only dissipates heat and reduces temperature but also generates circulating hot water that can be used in industrial production, achieving energy savings. This heat exchange system is located within the lower insulation box and can be installed, removed, and used along with the lower insulation box, without affecting the brickwork structure of the tuyere platform.

[0055] A method for installing and disassembling a detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above a blast furnace iron mouth, comprising an installation method and a disassembly method;

[0056] The installation method includes the following steps: opening a 1.5m*1.5m square insulation hole on the tuyere platform 3 corresponding to the blast furnace body tuyere 2, the blast furnace iron mouth and the iron main groove 1, installing a fixed frame 4 in the insulation hole, and the fixed frame 4 is supported on the second crossbeam 5; arranging the lower insulation box 6 above the first crossbeam 7, and pre-connecting the tension screw 10 above the lower insulation box 6; filling the insulation material 9 above the lower insulation box 6, and the insulation material 9 is filled to the upper surface of the fixed frame 4; arranging the upper insulation board 8 above the fixed frame 4, and the tension screws 10 are respectively inserted through the countersunk holes of the upper insulation board 8, and tightening the tie rod nuts 11 to fix the tension screws 10; this installation method is relatively simple, easy to pre-connect and position, can avoid the post-filling of the insulation material 9, and is also easy to connect and arrange the tension screws.

[0057] The disassembly method includes the following steps: loosening the tie rod nut 11, taking out the upper insulation board 8, the insulation material 9 and the tension screw 10 from the top, removing the lower insulation box 6, replacing the parts that need to be replaced and reinstalling them into a whole; in practice, it is not necessary to dismantle all of them, only the parts that need to be replaced need to be dismantled.

[0058] This installation and disassembly method is relatively simple to operate. While being able to meet the needs of on-site use and effective insulation, it is also convenient for replacing various components in the device. The maintenance time is controllable, does not affect the production of iron in the blast furnace, and extends the service life of the tuyere platform itself.

[0059] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace, characterized in that: An insulation hole is opened on the tuyere platform below the tuyere of the blast furnace body, and the insulation hole is arranged corresponding to the blast furnace iron mouth and the iron main groove; a fixed frame connected to the tuyere platform is provided in the insulation hole, and an upper insulation board is provided above the fixed frame; a lower insulation box is provided on the first crossbeam below the insulation hole, and the lower insulation box and the upper insulation board are connected by a number of tension screws passing through the fixed frame; the size of the lower insulation box is larger than the opening size of the insulation hole, and insulation materials are respectively provided between the lower insulation box, the upper insulation board and the tuyere platform.

2. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tuyere platform is a brick structure, a second crossbeam is provided at the bottom of the tuyere platform, and the fixed frame is supported on the second crossbeam.

3. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation hole is a square hole or a round hole, and the length and width or the inner diameter of the heat insulation hole is not less than 1m.

4. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the upper insulation board is not higher than the upper surface of the tuyere platform. The upper insulation board is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes. Tie rod nuts connected to the tie screws are provided in the countersunk holes. The upper end of the tie screw does not exceed the countersunk holes.

5. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are at least four tensioning screws, a pluggable plug is provided in the countersunk hole, and a sealing insulation material is provided between the four sides of the upper insulation plate and the inner periphery of the insulation hole.

6. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pair of parallel grooves are provided below the lower heat-insulating box body, a pair of fixed support rods are provided on the first crossbeam, and the grooves are engaged with the fixed support rods.

7. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of elastic buffers are provided on the fixed support rod, a support plate is provided above the elastic buffer, and the support plate abuts against the groove; the elastic buffer comprises a telescopic rod and a spring sleeved on the telescopic rod.

8. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner periphery of the lower insulation box body is provided with a plurality of anchoring nails, and the lower insulation box body is filled with insulation material connected to the anchoring nails; the lower insulation box body is a rectangular box body or a trapezoidal box body, and the side wall of the trapezoidal box body is an arc structure.

9. The detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above the iron mouth of a blast furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anchor nail is a hook-shaped structure. The inner bottom of the lower heat insulation box body is provided with a plurality of sleeve-shaped anchor nails. The sleeve-shaped anchor nail has a sleeve portion connected to the tension screw and a barb arranged on the outer periphery of the sleeve portion.

10. A method for installing and disassembling a detachable and replaceable heat insulation device above a blast furnace iron mouth according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Including installation and removal methods; The installation method comprises the following steps: opening insulation holes on the tuyere platform corresponding to the tuyere of the blast furnace body, the blast furnace iron mouth and the iron main groove, installing a fixing frame in the insulation holes, providing a second crossbeam at the bottom of the tuyere platform, and supporting the fixing frame on the second crossbeam; arranging the lower insulation box above the first crossbeam, and pre-connecting the tension screws above the lower insulation box; filling the insulation material above the lower insulation box, and filling the insulation material to the upper surface of the fixing frame; arranging the upper insulation board above the fixing frame, and respectively passing the tension screws through the countersunk holes of the upper insulation board, and tightening the tie rod nuts to fix the tension screws; The disassembly method includes the following steps: loosening the tie rod nut, taking out the upper insulation board, insulation material and the tension screw from above, removing the lower insulation box body, replacing the parts that need to be replaced and reinstalling them.

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