A braking device for a rotating shaft

Abstract

This invention proposes a braking device for a rotating shaft. A hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder provides a pushing force to the piston, compressing an elastic friction plate and causing it to contract. The elastic friction plate then releases the brake pad, allowing it to rotate freely. When the hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder's thrust disappears, the elastic friction plate is no longer compressed. The elasticity of the material itself allows the compressed deformation to recover. The elastic friction plate then contacts and compresses the brake pad, stopping its rotation and thus achieving braking. The outer edge of the brake pad is positioned between the pressure cap and the elastic friction plate, resulting in double-sided compression. The upper axial surface of the brake pad is compressed by the elastic friction plate due to the deformation of the elastic material itself, while the lower axial surface is compressed by the main housing of the motor, forming double-sided friction compression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of braking devices for machine tools, and more specifically, to a braking device for a rotating shaft. Background Technology

[0002] Whether it is a vertical machining center, a horizontal machining center, or a five-axis linkage machining center, they are all equipped with one or more rotary axes to realize machining and positioning functions. The braking device is an essential component to realize these functions, just like you have to rely on brakes to stop a moving car.

[0003] Taking common machining center four-axis and five-axis rotary tables and machine tool spindles as examples, their drives include worm gears, planetary reducers, harmonic reducers, and roller cam reducers. However, these structures all use two or more mechanical meshing connections for transmission. Therefore, the connection between the two machines generates resistance and meshing forces. Under long-term use, these frictional meshing forces will cause wear on the meshing mechanical parts, resulting in larger gaps. Over time, this leads to low accuracy and inaccurate rotational positioning. Moreover, most of these structures do not have an active braking structure; instead, they rely on the worm gear to drive the worm wheel. However, the principle that the worm wheel cannot drive the worm gear relies on hardware meshing to achieve indirect braking, or the principle of planetary gear reduction, to achieve mechanical wear meshing braking or deceleration of the rotary table. These are all unavoidable solutions. The current mainstream approach is to use a torque motor to directly drive the rotary table, which has no mechanical transmission parts and no mechanical friction in relative motion. This effectively solves the problem of decreased accuracy caused by wear in traditional mechanical rotary tables. While using a direct-drive torque motor as the drive shaft of a rotary table eliminates wear on mechanical transmission components and allows for long-term high precision, torque motors lack a natural self-locking capability when de-energized. Therefore, a self-locking brake is needed for the torque motor. This is because torque motors generate torque through an energized magnetic field. When energized, the torque of the entire magnetic field can counteract the effects of gravity, allowing the equipment to operate normally. However, if the factory suddenly loses power, the torque generated by the magnetic field disappears instantly. Without the torque to counteract gravity, the motor will instantly move uncontrollably and rapidly in the direction of gravity, potentially causing serious injury to the machine or personnel. This invention of a power-off self-locking brake locks the rotating shaft the instant the machine is powered off, allowing the torque motor to brake through friction, thus solving the safety hazard caused by the lack of a self-locking structure in torque motors.

[0004] Meanwhile, the braking devices for the rotary axes on common five-axis machining centers are divided into two types: one is normally open when power is off (pneumatic), which means braking is achieved when power is on (pneumatic), and the other is normally closed when power is off (pneumatic), which means braking is achieved when power is off (pneumatic). The normally open mode is generally used when the driving force of the rotary axis is too small, relying on external hydraulic oil or compressed air to brake and hold the rotary axis, allowing the machine tool to perform heavy cutting. However, this normally open mode cannot solve the problem of braking when the machine tool suddenly loses power. Therefore, if the machine tool suddenly loses power during operation, cannot be powered during transportation, or may lose power due to human error during machining and assembly, the magnetic torque of the direct drive torque motor against gravity will suddenly disappear at the moment of power failure. This will cause the rotary table to suddenly drop under the action of gravity, resulting in left and right swaying, damaging the machine tool or injuring personnel, and causing huge economic losses.

[0005] Existing patent CN 110242685A discloses a rotary shaft braking device with safety function, including a sleeve and an annular cylinder assembly, an outer brake pad, and an inner brake pad. The cylinder assembly and the outer brake pad are respectively fixed on a bearing seat, and the inner brake pad is fixed on a rotary shaft, located in front of the outer brake pad. The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder body, a piston, and a cylinder head. The piston is located behind the outer brake pad. Several rectangular springs, evenly arranged and in a compressed state, are arranged between the cylinder head and the piston, with the front end faces of the rectangular springs contacting the rear side of the piston. This rotary shaft braking device with safety function is low in cost and has good braking effect, relying on the elastic force of the springs to move the piston, driving the outer brake pad and the inner brake pad to fit together. The disadvantages of the springs are that the installation is relatively complex, and the elastic force between each spring is not uniform, resulting in uneven force on the brake pad during braking, leading to unstable braking and low precision. Moreover, the springs are too large, causing the entire device to be enlarged accordingly, wasting torque, and making it unsuitable for use in confined spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of relying on the elastic force of springs to move the piston 11 and drive the outer brake pad 24 and inner brake pad 24 to fit together, the disadvantages of springs are that the installation is relatively complicated and the elastic force between each spring is not uniform, resulting in uneven force on the brake pad 24 during braking and causing unstable braking, this invention proposes a rotating shaft braking device. A hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder provides a pushing force to the piston 11, compressing the elastic friction plate 7 and releasing the brake pad 24, allowing the brake pad 24 to rotate freely. When the hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder thrust disappears, the elastic friction plate 7 is no longer compressed, and the elasticity of the elastic material itself allows the compressed deformation to recover. The brake pad 24 is contacted and squeezed, causing it to stop rotating and thus achieving braking. The outer edge of the brake pad 24 is placed between the pressure cap 9 and the elastic friction pad 7, resulting in double-sided compression. The upper axial plane of the brake pad 24 is compressed by the elastic friction pad 7, which is deformed by the elastic material itself, while the lower axial plane of the brake pad 24 is compressed by the main housing of the motor, forming double-sided friction compression. The braking device can be used for a power-off self-locking braking structure for cylindrical torque motors, a braking device for flat direct-drive torque motors, or a power-off self-locking braking structure for rotating shafts. The brake pad 24 can be installed at either the head or the tail of the rotating torque motor.

[0007] A braking device for a rotating shaft includes: an outer shell 1, a first cover 2, a second cover 3, and a rotating shaft 4. The outer shell 1 is a hollow structure. The first cover 2 is connected to one end of the outer shell 1, and the second cover 3 is connected to the other end of the outer shell 1, forming a hollow cavity. The rotating shaft 4 is placed in the hollow cavity, with its upper part passing through the first cover 2 and connected to a workbench 5, and its lower part passing through the second cover 3. The device is characterized in that: the first cover 2 is a hollow annular structure, and an elastic friction plate 7 is provided on its inner side, bent downwards and outwards; an upper edge 8 is provided on the upper inner side of the outer shell 1, and a pressure cap 9 is provided on the upper part of the upper edge 8, with the pressure cap 9 positioned below the elastic friction plate 7; a brake pad 24 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4 in the rotational direction, and the brake pad 24 is an annular structure, with its outer edge positioned between the pressure cap 9 and the elastic friction plate 7; the upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is connected to the upper edge 9 and the upper edge 3. A first groove 10 is provided between the edges 8, and a piston 11 is provided in the first groove 10. A first boss 12 is provided on the side of the piston 11 near the elastic friction plate 7. The first boss 12 is located at the lower part of the outer edge of the elastic friction plate 7. The first groove 10, the piston 11, and the pressure cover 9 form a power chamber. The power chamber is connected to an external extrusion power mechanism. When the power chamber is pressurized, the piston 11 is pushed upward, causing the elastic friction plate 7 to be squeezed upward and retracted. The elastic friction plate 7 releases the brake pad 24, allowing the brake pad 24 to rotate freely. When the power chamber is depressurized and closed, the elastic force of the elastic friction plate 7 itself squeezes the piston 11 to fall downward. The elastic friction plate 7 returns to its original shape and elastic pressure, contacts the brake pad 24, and squeezes the brake pad 24, causing the brake pad 24 to contact and squeeze the pressure cover 9. The brake pad 24 stops rotating due to double-sided friction and compression, thus achieving braking.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower part of the rotating shaft 4 passes through the second cover 3 and is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 6 provided on the second cover 3.

[0009] Furthermore, the piston 11, the first boss 12, the first groove 10, and the pressure cap 9 are all annular structures.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is provided with a first sealing ring 14, the side wall of the pressure cover 9 forming the cylinder is provided with a second sealing ring 15, and the bottom of the pressure cover 9 is provided with a third sealing ring 16 to prevent the power raw materials (hydraulic oil or compressed air) in the power compartment from spilling to other locations.

[0011] In some embodiments, a turntable bearing 17 is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the rotating shaft 4. The inner moving ring of the turntable bearing 17 is locked and fixed to the rotating shaft 4 and the brake pad 24. The outer fixed ring flange of the turntable bearing 17 is screwed and fixed to the outer casing 1. The turntable bearing 17 is used for the axial and radial bearing rotation mechanism of the rotating shaft 4.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elastic friction pad 7 is made of a single type of steel or a composite material.

[0013] Furthermore, the single steel material includes, but is not limited to: 45 steel, 4CR13, 718H, 40CR, 20CrMnTi, 42CrMn, 65Mn, HT300, Cr12, S136, and H136.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite material includes, but is not limited to: a steel substrate with polyurethane (PU) adhesive and rubber.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic friction piece 7 and the lower part of the first cover 2 are provided with a second groove 18 to facilitate the deformation of the elastic friction piece 7.

[0016] In some embodiments, the upper part of the piston 11 is placed in the second groove 18. When the brake pad 24 brakes, the top of the piston 11 and the lower surface of the first cover 2 near the top of the second groove 18 are provided with a first stroke gap 25. The upward movement of the first protrusion 12 of the piston 11 can cause the elastic friction pad 7 to be squeezed and contracted, so that the brake pad 24 can rotate freely. At this time, the first stroke gap 25 at the top is zero, the surface is pressed against the limit, and the top surface of the piston 11 is in close contact with the lower surface of the first cover 2 near the top of the second groove 18.

[0017] Furthermore, when the elastic friction pad 7 is squeezed by the piston 11, the bottom of the brake pad 24 and the top of the pressure cover 9 are provided with a second stroke gap, which facilitates the free rotation of the brake pad 24.

[0018] Furthermore, the brake pad 24 is a metal sheet made of elastic material, and its outer diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer wall of the piston 11.

[0019] Furthermore, the elastic friction plate 7 is provided with a second protrusion 19 near the bottom of the pressure cover 9. When the elastic friction plate 7 is squeezed by the piston 11, it can quickly separate from the outer edge of the brake pad 24. When the brake pad 24 brakes, the elastic friction plate 7 recovers its deformation and is not hindered by the bent part. Therefore, the pressure between the elastic friction plate 7 and the outer edge of the brake pad 24 is greater.

[0020] Furthermore, when the brake pad 24 applies braking force, the second protrusion 19 is pressed tightly against the brake pad 24.

[0021] In some embodiments, a first limiting step 20 is provided at the connection between the first cover 2 and the outer shell 1, so that the first cover 2 and the outer shell 1 are at the same center.

[0022] In some embodiments, a sealing ring 21 (dust, water, oil seal) is provided between the first cover 2 and the rotating shaft 4 to prevent external dust, water stains, and oil stains from entering the interior of the rotating body.

[0023] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the housing is provided with multiple rings of parallel heat dissipation fins 22.

[0024] In some embodiments, the power chamber is an oil chamber or an air chamber. When it is an oil chamber, it is connected to an external high-pressure oil pipe; when it is an air chamber, it is connected to an external high-pressure air pipe. The oil cylinder or air cylinder can be a combination or a one-piece molded cylinder body. When the oil or air cylinder is a one-piece molded cylinder body, the upper inner edge 8 of the upper part of the outer shell 1 is integrally molded with the pressure cap 9. When the oil or air cylinder is a combination cylinder body, the upper inner edge 8 of the upper part of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected with the pressure cap 9.

[0025] Furthermore, the lower part of the first groove 10 is provided with a power compartment inlet 23 for connecting to an external high-pressure oil pipe or high-pressure air pipe.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention: This invention proposes a braking device for a rotating shaft. When energized, a hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder provides a pushing force to the piston 11, compressing the elastic friction plate 7 and releasing the brake pad 24, allowing the brake pad 24 and the rotating shaft 4 to rotate freely. When the power is off or when the hydraulic (pneumatic) cylinder thrust disappears, the elastic friction plate 7 is no longer compressed. The elasticity of the elastic material itself allows the compressed deformation to recover. The elastic friction plate 7 contacts the brake pad 24 and compresses it, causing the brake pad 24 to stop rotating. Braking is achieved by placing the outer edge of the brake pad 24 between the pressure cap 9 and the elastic friction pad 7, resulting in double-sided compression. The upper axial plane of the brake pad 24 is compressed by the elastic friction pad 7 due to the deformation of the elastic material itself, while the lower axial plane of the brake pad 24 is compressed by the main housing of the motor, forming double-sided friction compression. The braking device can be used for the power-off self-locking type braking structure of a cylindrical torque motor or as a braking device for a flat direct-drive torque motor. The entire power-off self-locking type braking device can be installed at either the head or the tail of a rotary torque motor. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the braking device for the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the braking device for the rotating shaft of the split hydraulic (gas) cylinder according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the braking device for the rotating shaft of the integrated oil (gas) cylinder according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B.

[0032] Explanation of main component symbols

[0033] outer shell 1 First cover 2 Second cover 3 Rotation axis 4 workbench 5 bearing housing 6 elastic friction pad 7 top edge 8 Pressure cap 9 First groove 10 piston 11 First protrusion 12 First sealing ring 14 Second sealing ring 15 Third sealing ring 16 Turntable bearings 17 Second groove 18 Second protrusion 19 First limiting step 20 skeleton sealing ring 21 Heat dissipation fins 22 Power compartment input port 23 brake pads 24 First travel interval 25

[0034] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a braking device for a rotating shaft includes: an outer shell 1, a first cover 2, a second cover 3, and a rotating shaft 4. The outer shell 1 is a hollow structure. The first cover 2 is connected to one end of the outer shell 1, and the second cover 3 is connected to the other end of the outer shell 1, forming a hollow cavity. The rotating shaft 4 is placed in the hollow cavity. The upper part of the rotating shaft 4 passes through the first cover 2 and is connected to a worktable 5, and the lower part passes through the second cover 3 and is rotatably connected to a bearing seat 6 disposed on the second cover 3. The first cover 2 is a hollow annular structure. An elastic friction plate 7 is provided on the inner side of the first cover 2, bent downward and outward. The upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is provided with an upper edge 8. A pressure cover 9 is provided on the upper part of the upper edge 8 and is placed below the elastic friction plate 7. A brake pad 24 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4 in the rotation direction. The brake pad 24 is an annular structure and is a metal sheet of elastic material with an outer diameter smaller than 1. The outer diameter of the outer wall of piston 11, the outer edge of brake pad 24 is placed between the pressure cap 9 and elastic friction plate 7, a first groove 10 is provided between the upper inner side and the upper edge 8 of the outer shell 1, piston 11 is provided in the first groove 10, a first boss 12 is provided on the side of piston 11 near elastic friction plate 7, piston 11, first boss 12, first groove 10 and pressure cap 9 are all annular structures, the first boss 12 is placed at the lower part of the outer edge of elastic friction plate 7, the first groove 10, piston 11 and pressure cap 9 form a power chamber, the power chamber is an oil chamber or an air chamber. When it is an oil chamber, it is connected to a high-pressure oil pipe, when it is an air chamber, it is connected to a high-pressure air pipe. The oil or air cylinder is a cylinder body formed by one piece. The upper edge 8 of the upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is formed by one piece with pressure cap 9; the lower part of the first groove 10 is provided with a power chamber inlet 23 for connecting to an external high-pressure oil pipe or high-pressure air pipe.

[0037] When the power chamber is pressurized, the piston 11 pushes upward, causing the elastic friction plate 7 to be squeezed upward and retract. The elastic friction plate 7 releases the brake pad 24, allowing the brake pad 24 to rotate freely. When the power chamber is closed, the elastic force of the elastic friction plate 7's own deformation squeezes the piston 11 to fall downward. The elastic friction plate 7 returns to its original shape and elastic pressure, contacts the brake pad 24, and squeezes the brake pad 24, causing the brake pad 24 to contact and squeeze the pressure cap 9. The brake pad 24 stops rotating due to double-sided friction and compression, thus achieving braking.

[0038] The elastic friction plate 7 and the lower part of the first cover 2 are provided with a second groove 18 to facilitate the deformation of the elastic friction plate 7. The upper part of the piston 11 is placed in the second groove 18. When the brake pad 24 brakes, the top of the piston 11 and the lower surface of the first cover 2 near the top of the second groove 18 are provided with a first stroke gap 25. This allows the first boss 12 of the piston 11 to move upward when the brake pad 24 rotates freely, causing the elastic friction plate 7 to be squeezed and contracted. This allows the brake pad 24 to rotate freely. The bottom of 4 and the top of the pressure cover 9 are provided with a second stroke gap to facilitate the free rotation of the brake pad 24. The elastic friction plate 7 is provided with a second protrusion 19 near the bottom of the pressure cover 9. When the elastic friction plate 7 is squeezed by the piston 11, it can quickly separate from the outer edge of the brake pad 24. When the brake pad 24 achieves braking, the elastic friction plate 7 recovers its deformation and is not hindered by the bent part. Therefore, the pressure between the elastic friction plate 7 and the outer edge of the brake pad 24 is greater. When the brake pad 24 achieves braking, the second protrusion 19 and the brake pad 24 are squeezed together by overpressure.

[0039] The upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is provided with a first sealing ring 14, the side wall of the pressure cover 9 forming the cylinder is provided with a second sealing ring 15, and the bottom of the pressure cover 9 is provided with a third sealing ring 16 to prevent the power raw materials (hydraulic oil or compressed air) in the power compartment from overflowing to other locations.

[0040] A turntable bearing 17 is also provided on the inner side of the upper part of the rotating shaft 4. The moving ring of the turntable bearing 17 is locked and fixed to the rotating shaft 4 and the brake pad 24. The fixed ring flange of the turntable bearing 17 is screwed and fixed to the outer shell 1. The turntable bearing 17 is used for the axial and radial load-bearing rotation mechanism of the rotating shaft 4.

[0041] The elastic friction pad 7 is made of a single type of steel or a composite material. The single type of steel includes, but is not limited to: 45 steel, 4CR13, 718H, 40CR, 20CrMnTi, 42CrMn, 65Mn, HT300, Cr12, S136, and H136. The composite material includes, but is not limited to: a steel substrate plus polyurethane (PU) adhesive and rubber.

[0042] A first limiting step 20 is provided at the connection between the first cover 2 and the outer shell 1, so that the first cover 2 and the outer shell 1 are at the same center. A sealing ring 21 is provided between the first cover 2 and the rotating shaft 4 to seal against dust, water and oil, preventing external dust, water stains and oil stains from entering the interior of the rotating body of the device. The outer wall of the outer shell is provided with multiple rings of parallel heat dissipation fins 22.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, a braking device for a rotating shaft includes: an outer shell 1, a first cover 2, a second cover 3, and a rotating shaft 4. The outer shell 1 is a hollow structure. The first cover 2 is connected to one end of the outer shell 1, and the second cover 3 is connected to the other end of the outer shell 1, forming a hollow cavity. The rotating shaft 4 is placed in the hollow cavity. The upper part of the rotating shaft 4 passes through the first cover 2 and is connected to a worktable 5, and the lower part passes through the second cover 3 and is rotatably connected to a bearing seat 6 disposed on the second cover 3. The first cover 2 is a hollow annular structure. An elastic friction plate 7 is provided on the inner side of the first cover 2, bent downward and outward. The upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is provided with an upper edge 8. A pressure cover 9 is provided on the upper part of the upper edge 8 and is placed below the elastic friction plate 7. A brake pad 24 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4 in the rotation direction. The brake pad 24 is an annular structure and is a metal sheet of elastic material with a small outer diameter. The outer edge of the brake pad 24 is positioned between the pressure cap 9 and the elastic friction plate 7 on the outer diameter of the outer wall of the piston 11. A first groove 10 is provided between the upper inner side and the upper edge 8 of the outer shell 1. The piston 11 is provided in the first groove 10. A first boss 12 is provided on the side of the piston 11 near the elastic friction plate 7. The piston 11, the first boss 12, the first groove 10, and the pressure cap 9 are all annular structures. The first boss 12 is located at the lower part of the outer edge of the elastic friction plate 7. The first groove 10, the piston 11, and the pressure cap 9 form a power chamber. The power chamber is either an oil chamber or an air chamber. When it is an oil chamber, it is connected to a high-pressure oil pipe. When it is an air chamber, it is connected to a high-pressure air pipe. The oil or air cylinder is the cylinder body of the assembly. The upper edge 8 of the upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is fixedly connected to the pressure cap 9. A power chamber inlet 23 is provided at the lower part of the first groove 10 for connecting to an external high-pressure oil pipe or high-pressure air pipe.

[0045] When the power chamber is pressurized, the piston 11 pushes upward, causing the elastic friction plate 7 to be squeezed upward and retract. The elastic friction plate 7 releases the brake pad 24, allowing the brake pad 24 to rotate freely. When the power chamber is closed, the elastic force of the elastic friction plate 7's own deformation squeezes the piston 11 to fall downward. The elastic friction plate 7 returns to its original shape and elastic pressure, contacts the brake pad 24, and squeezes the brake pad 24, causing the brake pad 24 to contact and squeeze the pressure cap 9. The brake pad 24 stops rotating due to double-sided friction and compression, thus achieving braking.

[0046] The elastic friction plate 7 and the lower part of the first cover 2 are provided with a second groove 18 to facilitate the deformation of the elastic friction plate 7. The upper part of the piston 11 is placed in the second groove 18. When the brake pad 24 brakes, the top of the piston 11 and the lower surface of the first cover 2 near the top of the second groove 18 are provided with a first stroke gap 25. This allows the first boss 12 of the piston 11 to move upward when the brake pad 24 rotates freely, causing the elastic friction plate 7 to be squeezed and contracted. This allows the brake pad 24 to rotate freely. The bottom of 4 and the top of the pressure cover 9 are provided with a second stroke gap to facilitate the free rotation of the brake pad 24. The elastic friction plate 7 is provided with a second protrusion 19 near the bottom of the pressure cover 9. When the elastic friction plate 7 is squeezed by the piston 11, it can quickly separate from the outer edge of the brake pad 24. When the brake pad 24 achieves braking, the elastic friction plate 7 recovers its deformation and is not hindered by the bent part. Therefore, the pressure between the elastic friction plate 7 and the outer edge of the brake pad 24 is greater. When the brake pad 24 achieves braking, the second protrusion 19 and the brake pad 24 are squeezed together by overpressure.

[0047] The upper inner side of the outer shell 1 is provided with a first sealing ring 14, the side wall of the pressure cover 9 forming the cylinder is provided with a second sealing ring 15, and the bottom of the pressure cover 9 is provided with a third sealing ring 16 to prevent the power raw materials (hydraulic oil or compressed air) in the power compartment from overflowing to other locations.

[0048] A turntable bearing 17 is also provided on the outer side of the upper part of the rotating shaft 4. The moving ring of the turntable bearing 17 is locked to the rotating shaft 4 and the brake pad 24. The fixed ring flange of the turntable bearing 17 is screwed to the outer casing 1. The turntable bearing 17 is used for the axial and radial load rotation mechanism of the rotating shaft 4.

[0049] The elastic friction pad 7 is made of a single type of steel or a composite material. The single type of steel includes, but is not limited to: 45 steel, 4CR13, 718H, 40CR, 20CrMnTi, 42CrMn, 65Mn, HT300, Cr12, S136, and H136. The composite material includes, but is not limited to: a steel substrate plus polyurethane (PU) adhesive and rubber.

[0050] A first limiting step 20 is provided at the connection between the first cover 2 and the outer shell 1, so that the first cover 2 and the outer shell 1 are at the same center. A sealing ring 21 (dustproof, waterproof, and oilproof) is provided between the first cover 2 and the rotating shaft 4 to prevent external dust, water stains, and oil stains from entering the interior of the rotating body of the device. The outer wall of the outer shell is provided with multiple rings of parallel heat dissipation fins 22.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A braking device for a rotating shaft, comprising: The enclosure comprises an outer shell (1), a first cover (2), a second cover (3), and a rotating shaft (4). The outer shell (1) is a hollow structure. The first cover (2) is used to connect to one end of the outer shell (1), and the second cover (3) is used to connect to the other end of the outer shell (1), forming a hollow cavity. The rotating shaft (4) is placed inside the hollow cavity, with its upper part passing through the first cover (2) and connecting to the worktable (5), and its lower part passing through the second cover (3). The first cover (2) is a hollow annular structure. The inner side of the outer shell (1) is bent downward and outward, and an elastic friction plate (7) is provided. The upper inner side of the outer shell (1) is provided with an upper edge (8). The upper part of the upper edge (8) is provided with a pressure cap (9), and the pressure cap (9) is placed below the elastic friction plate (7). The brake pad (24) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (4) in the rotation direction. The brake pad (24) has a ring structure. The outer edge of the brake pad (24) is placed between the pressure cap (9) and the elastic friction plate (7). The upper inner side of the outer shell (1) and the upper edge (8) are provided with a first groove (1). 0), The first groove (10) is provided with a piston (11), and the piston (11) is provided with a first boss (12) on the side near the elastic friction plate (7). The first boss (12) is located at the lower part of the outer edge of the elastic friction plate (7). The first groove (10), piston (11) and pressure cover (9) form a power chamber. The power chamber is connected to an external extrusion power mechanism. When the power chamber is pressurized, the piston (11) pushes upward, so that the elastic friction plate (7) is squeezed upward and retracted, and the elastic friction plate (7) releases the brake pad (24). This allows the brake pad (24) to rotate freely. When the power chamber is closed, the elastic friction pad (7) material itself deforms and rebounds, squeezing the piston (11) to fall downward. The elastic friction pad (7) returns to its original shape and elastic pressure, contacts the brake pad (24) and squeezes the brake pad (24), causing the brake pad (24) to contact and squeeze the pressure cap (9). The brake pad (24) is subjected to double-sided friction and squeeze and stops rotating, thus achieving braking. The piston (11), the first boss (12), the first groove (10), and the pressure cap (9) are all annular structures.

2. The braking device for the rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper inner side of the outer shell (1) is provided with a first sealing ring (14), the side wall of the cylinder formed by the cover (9) is provided with a second sealing ring (15), and the bottom of the cover (9) is provided with a third sealing ring (16).

3. The braking device for the rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic friction plate (7) and the lower part of the first cover (2) are provided with a second groove (18).

4. The braking device for the rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the piston (11) is placed in the second groove (18). When the brake pad (24) brakes, the top of the piston (11) and the lower surface of the first cover (2) near the top of the second groove (18) are provided with a first stroke gap (25). The first boss (12) of the piston (11) moves upward, which can cause the elastic friction pad (7) to be squeezed and contracted, so that the brake pad (24) can rotate freely.

5. The braking device for a rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the elastic friction pad (7) is squeezed by the piston (11), the bottom of the brake pad (24) and the top of the pressure cap (9) are provided with a second stroke gap, which facilitates the free rotation of the brake pad (24).

6. The braking device for a rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic friction pad (7) is provided with a second protrusion (19) near the bottom of the pressure cap (9). When the elastic friction pad (7) is squeezed by the piston (11), it can quickly separate from the outer edge of the brake pad (24). When the brake pad (24) achieves braking, the elastic friction pad (7) recovers its deformation and is not hindered by the bent part. The second protrusion (19) and the brake pad (24) are squeezed tightly by pressure.

7. The braking device for a rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The brake pad (24) is a metal sheet made of elastic material, and its outer diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer wall of the piston (11).

8. The braking device for a rotating shaft as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power compartment is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. When it is a hydraulic cylinder, it is connected to a high-pressure oil pipe. When it is a pneumatic cylinder, it is connected to a high-pressure air pipe. The hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder can be a combination or a one-piece molded cylinder body. When the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder is a one-piece molded cylinder body, the upper edge (8) of the upper inner side of the outer shell (1) is integrally molded with the pressure cap (9). When the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder is a combination cylinder body, the upper edge (8) of the upper inner side of the outer shell (1) is fixedly connected with the pressure cap (9).

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