Backscattering signal transmission method and apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a backscattering signal transmission method and device, a communication device and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: a tag determines parameters related to backscattering signal transmission according to first information. The first information comprises at least one of the following: a first identifier, the first identifier comprising an identifier of the tag or a temporary identifier of the tag; a first value, the first value being used for indicating a random number generated by the tag; a second value, the second value being used for indicating a counter value of the tag; a third value, the third value being used for indicating a step length of the counter of the tag; a group identifier or an intra-group identifier of the tag; a session number or a process number; and information received from a reader-writer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a backscatter signal transmission method, apparatus, communication equipment, and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Current backscatter communication systems use tags to backscatter the incident carrier signal for signal transmission. Due to the large number of tags, each tag transmits information via backscattered signals at a randomly determined point in time. With a large number of tags, different tags may transmit backscattered signals simultaneously. This collision between backscattered signals degrades the reader's performance in receiving backscattered signals. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method, apparatus, communication device, and readable storage medium for transmitting backscattered signals, which solves the problem that the performance of the reader in receiving backscattered signals is degraded due to conflicts between backscattered signals.

[0004] Firstly, a method for transmitting backscattered signals is provided, comprising:

[0005] The tag determines the parameters related to the transmission of the backscattered signal based on the first information;

[0006] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0007] The first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0008] A first value, which indicates the random number generated by the label;

[0009] The second value indicates the counter value of the tag;

[0010] A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter;

[0011] The label's group identifier or intra-group identifier;

[0012] Session ID or process ID;

[0013] Information received from the reader / writer.

[0014] Secondly, a method for transmitting backscattered signals is provided, including:

[0015] The reader determines the parameters related to the transmission of the backscatter signal based on the first information;

[0016] The reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters;

[0017] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0018] The first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0019] A first value, which indicates the random number generated by the label;

[0020] The second value indicates the counter value of the tag;

[0021] A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter;

[0022] The label's group identifier or intra-group identifier;

[0023] Session ID or process ID;

[0024] Information received from the reader / writer.

[0025] Thirdly, a backscattering signal transmission device is provided for use with a tag, the device comprising:

[0026] The first determining module is used to determine parameters related to the transmission of the backscattered signal based on the first information.

[0027] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0028] The first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0029] A first value, which indicates the random number generated by the label;

[0030] The second value indicates the counter value of the tag;

[0031] A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter;

[0032] The label's group identifier or intra-group identifier;

[0033] Session ID or process ID;

[0034] Information received from the reader / writer.

[0035] Fourthly, a backscattering signal transmission device is provided for use in a reader / writer, the device comprising:

[0036] The third determining module is used to determine the parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information;

[0037] A detection module is used to detect the backscattered signal according to the parameters;

[0038] The first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0039] A first value, which indicates the random number generated by the label;

[0040] The second value indicates the counter value of the tag;

[0041] A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter;

[0042] The label's group identifier or intra-group identifier;

[0043] Session ID or process ID;

[0044] Information received from the reader / writer.

[0045] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0047] In a seventh aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0048] Eighthly, a computer program / program product is provided, the computer program / program product being stored in a non-transient storage medium, the program / program product being executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method as described in the first or second aspect.

[0049] A ninth aspect provides a communication system comprising a terminal and a network-side device, the terminal being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the network-side device being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, the tag determines parameters related to backscatter signal transmission based on the first information. Since the content contained in the first information is related to the tag itself or contains non-fixed values, multiple tags can generate different parameters based on different first information. This allows multiple tags to transmit backscatter signals using different parameters at the same time, enabling the reader to detect the backscatter signals of multiple tags at the same time. This supports multiple tags to perform backscatter transmission at the same time, improving the efficiency of backscatter communication between the reader and the tags when the number of tags is large. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of backscatter communication;

[0052] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of backscatter communication;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of information transmission between the reader and the tag;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a Backscatter application scenario;

[0055] Figure 5a , Figure 5b and Figure 5c This is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of Backscatter;

[0056] Figure 6 This is one of the flowcharts of a backscatter signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a second flowchart of a backscatter signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a Miller subcarrier modulation provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency components of a backscattered signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a backscatter signal transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 11 This is a second schematic diagram of a backscatter signal transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0063] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0065] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to applications beyond NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0066] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following technical points are introduced first:

[0067] I. About Backscatter Communication (BSC):

[0068] Backscatter communication refers to the use of radio frequency signals from other devices or the environment to modulate signals and transmit information.

[0069] Backscatter communication devices may include:

[0070] (1) The backscatter communication device in traditional radio frequency identification (RFID) is generally a tag, which belongs to the passive Internet of Things (IoT) device (or Passive-IoT).

[0071] (2) Semi-passive Tags, which have a certain amplification capability in downlink reception or uplink reflection;

[0072] (3) Tags with active sending capability (or active tags) can send information to readers (such as readers) without relying on the reflection of incident signals.

[0073] A reader / writer, or RFID tag reader / writer device, is one of the two important components of an RFID system (tag and reader / writer). Depending on its specific function, RFID tag reader / writer devices also have some other popular names, such as: reader, interrogator, communicator, scanner, reader and writer, programmer, reading device, portable readout device, and automatic equipment identification device (AEI).

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, there are two links between the reader and the tag: link 1 is the link from the reader to the tag, and link 2 is the link from the tag to the reader.

[0075] A simple implementation is that when a tag needs to send '1', the tag reflects the incident carrier signal; when a tag needs to send '0', it does not reflect the signal.

[0076] Backscatter communication devices control the reflection coefficient Γ of the circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, and phase of the incident signal to achieve signal modulation. The signal reflection coefficient can be characterized as:

[0077]

[0078] Where Z0 is the characteristic impedance of the antenna, and Z1 is the load impedance. Assume the incident signal is S. in (t), then the output signal is Therefore, by reasonably controlling the reflection coefficient, corresponding amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, or phase modulation can be achieved, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0079] II. Regarding information transmission between the reader and the tag, such as Figure 3 As shown.

[0080] The instructions for the reader / writer are shown in Table 1.

[0081]

[0082] Table 1: Reader / writer instructions.

[0083] The status of tags is shown in Table 2.

[0084]

[0085] Table 2: Status of Tag Labels.

[0086] Currently, in inventory mode, the protocol design of Ultra High Frequency (UHF) RFID requires the reader to send a query command, and the tag to respond by generating a 16-bit random number. The reader then sends this sequence to the tag via an ACK command, and the tag sends the relevant data back to the reader.

[0087] III. Application Scenarios of Backscattering

[0088] Scenario 1: Cellular backscatter scenario - without UE assistance, such as Figure 4 As shown.

[0089] Scenario 2: Scenarios for cellular backscatter with UE assistance, such as... Figure 5a , Figure 5b and Figure 5c As shown, Figure 5a The terminal receives feedback information sent by the tag. Figure 5b The terminal sends a control word (CW) or control signaling to the Tag; the control signaling type includes at least one of the following: select, inventory, or access. Network devices (such as base stations) receive feedback information from the Tag. Figure 5c The terminal transmits a carrier wave and receives the backscattered signal of the tag. After receiving the backscattered signal of the tag, the terminal forwards the collected information to network devices (such as base stations).

[0090] IV. Competitive Communication Process in Backscatter Communication Systems

[0091] In existing backscatter communication systems, a reader can typically only receive the backscatter signal of one tag at a time. For example, in an RFID inventory process, when the reader sends a control command to start the inventory process, it indicates a value Q. The tag generates a random value q from a set of values ​​{0, ..., 2^Q-1} locally. The tag with the current random value of 0 will respond to the reader's control command and transmit a backscatter signal. Tags with a non-zero random value will not transmit a backscatter signal at this time. After completing communication with the tag with the random value of 0, the reader can continue to send control commands (e.g., queryRep), such as instructing the tag to decrement the generated random number by 1. The tag with the random value reduced to 0 will respond to this control command and transmit a backscatter signal.

[0092] The above process is a random multiple access process, which carries the risk that no tag will perform backscattering, for example, no tag may have a current random number of 0. It's also possible that multiple tags will generate the same random number locally, leading to simultaneous backscattering transmissions at a certain moment. In this case, the reader is highly unlikely to detect any tag's backscattering signal and will not provide feedback to the tag indicating that a backscattering signal has been received. In this situation, these tags will continue to receive control commands from the reader, waiting for a new opportunity for backscattering transmission. Therefore, when sending control commands, the reader should select a reasonable Q value and can gradually adjust the Q value during inventory to reduce the probability of collisions when communicating with multiple tags. This also means that the time to complete communication with multiple tags will be longer.

[0093] In existing solutions, if a plurality of Tags have the same parameters for backscatter signal transmission at the same time, the reader side cannot detect the backscatter signals of the plurality of Tags at the same time, which negatively affects the efficiency of completing multi-Tag backscatter communication.

[0094] Hereinafter, the backscatter signal transmission method, apparatus, communication device and readable storage medium provided by embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings through some embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0095] Referring to Figure 6 , an embodiment of the present application provides a backscatter signal transmission method applied to a tag, and the specific steps include: step 601.

[0096] Step 601: the tag determines parameters related to backscatter signal transmission according to first information;

[0097] Wherein, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0098] (1) a first identifier, wherein the first identifier comprises an identifier of the tag or a temporary identifier of the tag;

[0099] For example, the identifier of the tag is A, and the temporary identifier of the tag is B.

[0100] Taking the first identifier being the temporary identifier (ID) of the tag as an example, tag ID #0 uses parameter 0, tag ID #1 uses parameter 1, …, tag ID #m uses parameter m for backscatter transmission, 0 = <m ≤ M-1. The tag can perform a preset operation according to the ID value to determine the parameter of the backscatter signal. For example, if mod(ID,M) = m, parameter m is used to transmit the backscatter signal, and M is indicated by the reader or predefined.

[0101] (2) a first value, wherein the first value is used to indicate a random number generated by the tag;

[0102] For example, the random number generated by the tag is C.

[0103] (3) a second value, wherein the second value is used to indicate a counter value of the tag;

[0104] For example, the counter value of the tag is D, and the initial value of the counter of the tag may be a random number generated by the tag.

[0105] Labels whose current counter values are 0, 1, … M-1 can transmit backscatter signals simultaneously, and labels with different counter values use different parameters for backscatter transmission. Label 0 uses parameter 0, label 1 uses parameter 1, …, label m uses parameter m to transmit backscatter signals, where 0 ≤ m < M-1, and M is indicated by the reader or predefined.

[0106] (4) a third value, where the third value is used to indicate the step size of the counter of the tag;

[0107] For example, the step size of the counter generated by the tag is E.

[0108] (5) a group identification (ID) or an intra-group identification of the tag;

[0109] In this way, tags can transmit backscatter signals in a grouping mode, and tags can include a group identifier and an intra-group identifier.

[0110] (6) a session number or a process number;

[0111] In this way, the reader can use multiple sessions or processes to perform backscatter communication with multiple tags.

[0112] (7) information received from the reader.

[0113] For example, the reader instructs the tag to transmit a backscatter signal at a specific frequency, and it can be understood that the specific content of the information indicated by the reader is not limited.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, since the content contained in the first information used by the tag to generate parameters related to backscatter signal transmission is related to the tag itself or the contained content is a non-fixed value, multiple tags can each generate different parameters based on different first information, thereby enabling multiple tags to transmit backscatter signals with different parameters at the same time.

[0115] In an embodiment of the present application, the parameter related to backscatter signal transmission is used to indicate frequency information for the tag to perform backscatter signal transmission, which can ensure that multiple tags use frequency division multiplexing for parameters of backscatter signal transmission.

[0116] Optionally, the parameters include at least one of the following:

[0117] (1) a first parameter, where the first parameter is used to indicate transmission of a backscatter signal;

[0118] For example, the first parameter is a 1-bit indication information, and the value of this 1-bit indication information is "1", indicating that the backscatter signal is to be transmitted.

[0119] (2) Second parameter, which is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed;

[0120] For example, the first parameter is a 1-bit indication information, and the value of this 1-bit indication information is "0", indicating that no backscatter signal transmission will be performed.

[0121] (3) A third parameter, wherein the third parameter is used to indicate the frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0122] For example, tag 0 transmits backscattered signals at frequency 0, tag 1 transmits backscattered signals at frequency 1, and tag 2 transmits backscattered signals at frequency 2. In this way, multiple tags can transmit backscattered signals at different frequencies at the same time, and reduce collisions by transmitting backscattered signals through frequency division multiplexing.

[0123] Optionally, the third parameter is a first frequency offset value, which indicates a frequency offset value relative to the incident carrier frequency. The incident carrier frequency or the first frequency offset value may be predefined or indicated by the reader / writer.

[0124] (4) The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0125] The subcarrier in this article can also be described as a subcarrier.

[0126] For example, tag 0 transmits backscattered signals on subcarrier 0; tag 1 transmits backscattered signals on subcarrier 1; and tag 2 transmits backscattered signals on subcarrier 2. In this way, multiple tags can transmit backscattered signals on different subcarriers at the same time.

[0127] Optionally, the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal can be N times or 1 / N times the reference subcarrier frequency, where N is a natural number greater than 0. The reference subcarrier frequency and N can be predefined or indicated by the reader.

[0128] (5) The first duration or the first level switching period of the backscattered signal.

[0129] For example, the first duration or first level switching period for tag 0 to transmit backscattered signals is X, the first duration or first level switching period for tag 1 to transmit backscattered signals is Y, and the first duration or first level switching period for tag 2 to transmit backscattered signals is Z. Since X, Y, and Z are different, the frequencies of the backscattered signals are different. In this way, multiple tags can use different first durations or first level switching periods to transmit backscattered signals at the same time to avoid conflicts.

[0130] Optionally, the first duration is K times or 1 / K times the reference level duration, where K is a natural number greater than 0. The reference level duration and K can be predefined or indicated by the reader.

[0131] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes: the tag receiving second information, the second information being used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information, or the second information being used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

[0132] For example, the tag receives second information from the reader, so the reader can explicitly instruct the tag to use different parameters to transmit the backscatter signal at the same time, or the reader can directly instruct the tag to determine the parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

[0133] In one embodiment of this application, the tag determines the parameters of the backscattered signal based on first information, including:

[0134] If the first information includes the third value and the third value is greater than 1, the tag determines the parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information.

[0135] For example, if the step size of the tag's counter is E, and E > 1, then the tag determines the parameters related to the backscattered signal transmission based on the first information. It is understood that the reader can instruct the tag that, when the step size of the tag's counter is E > 1, the tag can determine the parameters related to the backscattered signal transmission based on the first information.

[0136] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0137] When the counter value of the tag is any one of 0 to the fourth value, the tag transmits a backscatter signal, wherein the fourth value is equal to the third value minus 1, and the third value is greater than or equal to 1.

[0138] In this way, tags with counter values ​​of 0 to E-1 can transmit backscatter signals simultaneously, minimizing the possibility of no tag transmitting backscatter signals. When multiple tags can transmit backscatter signals, these tags can transmit backscatter signals using different parameters, reducing the probability of collisions.

[0139] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0140] The tag receives third information, which is used to instruct the tag to subtract the third value from the counter value. For example, the reader can instruct the tag to subtract a step size from the counter value through a control command.

[0141] In one embodiment of this application, the tag determines, based on the first information, parameters related to backscatter signal transmission, including one of the following:

[0142] (1) When the group identifier of the label is a specific group identifier, the label determines the parameter according to the group identifier of the label;

[0143] For example, the tag determines parameters such as frequency, subcarrier frequency, first level duration / first level switching period, etc., based on the tag's group identifier.

[0144] (2) When the label’s group identifier is a specific group identifier, the label determines the parameter based on the label’s group identifier.

[0145] For example, the tag determines parameters such as frequency, subcarrier frequency, first level duration / first level switching period, etc., based on the tag's group identifier. In one embodiment of this application, the tag's group identifier or intra-group identifier is determined based on one of the following: the first identifier; the first value; the second value; or information indicated by the reader / writer.

[0146] In one embodiment of this application, the tag determines the parameter based on the tag's group identifier or intra-group identifier, including:

[0147] The parameter is determined by the remainder obtained by dividing the first identifier (A or B), the first value (C), or the second value (D) by the fifth value.

[0148] The fifth value is indicated by the reader or is predefined.

[0149] That is, the tag determines the parameters according to the value of m = mod(A / B / C / D, M); M is indicated by the reader or predefined, and the tag transmits backscatter signals according to the parameter m.

[0150] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0151] The tag receives fourth information, which indicates at least one of the following:

[0152] (1) Modify the group identifier of the label;

[0153] (2) The specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals;

[0154] (3) Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag;

[0155] (4) The specific tags within the group transmit backscatter signals.

[0156] In one embodiment of this application, at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, and the fourth information is carried in a control command sent by the reader / writer;

[0157] The control commands include at least one of the following: a selection command, a query command, a repeat query command, and an adjustment query command.

[0158] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0159] The tag transmits the backscatter signal according to the first requirement and the parameters of the backscatter signal;

[0160] The first requirement includes: when the tag transmits a backscatter signal using any of the parameters of the backscatter signal, if the number of bits transmitted is the same, then the second duration for transmitting the same number of bits is the same.

[0161] In one embodiment of this application, when the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times the reference subcarrier frequency, during the second duration, the number of level switching cycles corresponding to the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered transmission is 1 / N of the number of level switching cycles corresponding to the reference subcarrier frequency.

[0162] In one embodiment of this application, the level switching cycle includes, in sequence, a high level and a low level, or a low level and a high level, wherein the sum of the duration of the high level and the duration of the low level is the level switching cycle.

[0163] In one embodiment of this application, the information carried by the backscatter signal includes at least one of the following: a temporary identifier of the tag, an item code, a handle of the tag, an error code, and data.

[0164] In the embodiments of this application, the tag determines parameters related to backscatter signal transmission based on the first information. Since the content contained in the first information is related to the tag itself or contains non-fixed values, multiple tags can generate different parameters based on different first information. This allows multiple tags to transmit backscatter signals using different parameters at the same time, enabling the reader to detect the backscatter signals of multiple tags at the same time. This supports multiple tags to perform backscatter transmission at the same time, improving the efficiency of backscatter communication between the reader and the tags when the number of tags is large.

[0165] See Figure 7 This application provides a backscatter signal transmission method for use in a reader / writer, and the specific steps include: step 701 and step 702.

[0166] Step 701: The reader determines the parameters related to the transmission of the backscatter signal based on the first information;

[0167] Step 702: The reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters;

[0168] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0169] (1) A first identifier, wherein the first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0170] (2) A first value, wherein the first value is used to indicate the random number generated by the label;

[0171] (3) A second value, which indicates the counter value of the label;

[0172] (4) A third value, which indicates the step size of the counter of the tag;

[0173] (5) The group identifier or intra-group identifier of the label;

[0174] (6) Session number or process number;

[0175] (7) Information received from the reader;

[0176] In one embodiment of this application, the parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0177] (1) First parameter, the first parameter is used to indicate the transmission of backscattered signal;

[0178] (2) Second parameter, which is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed;

[0179] (3) A third parameter, wherein the third parameter is used to indicate the frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0180] (4) The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0181] The subcarrier in this article can also be described as a subcarrier.

[0182] (5) The first duration or the first level switching period of the backscattered signal.

[0183] In one embodiment of this application, the reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters, including:

[0184] The reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters within at least one bandwidth range.

[0185] In one embodiment of this application, the third parameter is a first frequency offset value, which is used to indicate a frequency offset value relative to the incident carrier frequency.

[0186] or,

[0187] The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times or 1 / N times the reference subcarrier frequency;

[0188] or,

[0189] The first duration is K times or 1 / K times the duration of the reference level;

[0190] Where N and K are natural numbers greater than 0.

[0191] In one embodiment of this application, the incident carrier frequency, the reference subcarrier frequency, the reference level duration, the first frequency offset value, and one or more of N and K are predefined or determined by the reader / writer.

[0192] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0193] The reader sends a second message, which instructs the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first message, or the second message instructs the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

[0194] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes:

[0195] The reader sends a third message, which instructs the tag to subtract the third value from the counter value.

[0196] In one embodiment of this application, the group identifier or intra-group identifier of the tag is determined according to one of the following: the first identifier; the first value; the second value; or the information indicated by the reader / writer.

[0197] In one embodiment of this application, the method further includes: the reader sending fourth information, the fourth information indicating at least one of the following:

[0198] (1) Modify the group identifier of the label;

[0199] (2) The specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals;

[0200] (3) Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag;

[0201] (4) The specific tags within the group transmit backscatter signals.

[0202] In one embodiment of this application, at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, and the fourth information is carried by a control command;

[0203] The control commands include at least one of the following: a selection command, a query command, a repeat query command, and an adjustment query command.

[0204] In one embodiment of this application, the reader / writer includes at least one of the following: a terminal, a base station, a dedicated receiving device, and a dedicated transmitting device.

[0205] In the embodiments of this application, the reader determines parameters related to backscatter signal transmission based on the first information. Since the content contained in the first information is related to the tag itself or contains non-fixed values, multiple tags can transmit backscatter signals at the same time using different parameters. This allows the reader to detect the backscatter signals of multiple tags at the same time based on the parameters, thus supporting multiple tags to transmit backscatter signals at the same time. When the number of tags is large, this improves the efficiency of backscatter communication between the reader and the tags.

[0206] The embodiments of this application are applicable to scenarios including: direct communication between the tag and the base station, and UE-assisted communication between the tag and the base station.

[0207] The implementation methods of this application are described below with reference to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

[0208] Example 1: Different tags use different parameters for the backscattered signal.

[0209] After receiving control commands from the reader, the tag can send backscatter signals using different parameters. That is, the reader can instruct the tag whether to use the first information and determine the parameters of the backscatter signal.

[0210] Different tags use different parameters for the backscattered signal, as follows:

[0211] Method 1: Transmit backscattered signals at a specific frequency.

[0212] For example, Tag0 transmits backscattered signals at frequency 0; Tag1 transmits backscattered signals at frequency 1; and Tag2 transmits backscattered signals at frequency 2. In this way, multiple different Tags can transmit backscattered signals at different frequencies at the same time.

[0213] Optionally, the Tag generates backscattered signals of different frequencies using a local oscillator; or the Tag generates backscattered signals of different frequencies by changing components in the circuit or the parameters of those components. Optionally, the component can be a capacitor.

[0214] Method 2: Modulate the information carried by the backscattered signal using different subcarriers (or subcarriers).

[0215] In existing backscatter communication systems, the backscattered signal is typically modulated by a subcarrier to modulate the useful signal and then backscattered for transmission. One implementation is as follows:

[0216] Each bit of information is modulated by level switching over multiple cycles. Each cycle T includes at least two levels, for example, a high level and a low level, which correspond to different reflection coefficients of the tag. The frequency of the subcarrier is Fs = 1 / T. Figure 8 The example given is a Miller subcarrier modulation method.

[0217] Based on the subcarrier modulated signal, the subcarrier is used to reflect the incident carrier with frequency Fc, so that the backscattered signal is modulated on the subcarriers Fc+Fs and / or Fc-Fs.

[0218] For example, Tag0 transmits backscattered signals on subcarrier 0; Tag1 transmits backscattered signals on subcarrier 1; Tag2 transmits backscattered signals on subcarrier 2; multiple tags can transmit backscattered signals on different subcarriers at the same time. That is, the signal of Tag0 after subcarrier modulation is at Fc+Fs0 and / or Fc-Fs0; the signal of Tag1 after subcarrier modulation is at Fc+Fs1 and / or Fc-Fs1; the signal of Tag2 after subcarrier modulation is at Fc+Fs2 and / or Fc-Fs2.

[0219] Tag supports backscatter transmission with different subcarrier frequencies. For different subcarrier frequencies, the first duration of the level (or the first level switching period) is different. However, when using the parameters of any backscatter signal to transmit the backscatter signal, it is necessary to ensure that the second duration of the same number of transmitted bits is the same.

[0220] like Figure 8 As shown, when using Miller subcarrier modulation, the duration of the signal after modulation of information symbols 0 / 1 is the same regardless of the subcarrier frequency used. For example, if Tag#0 uses a subcarrier frequency of 640kHz and Tag#1 uses a subcarrier frequency of 320kHz, then the level switching period and electrical frequency duration of Tag#0 are half that of Tag#1. To ensure that Tag#0 and Tag#1 transmit the same number of information bits for the same duration, the number of switching periods M of Tag#1 within the duration of the modulated signal of one information bit should also be half that of Tag#0. For example, Tag#0 uses Miller 4 modulation (switching times M=4), while Tag#1 uses Miller 2 modulation (M=2) to ensure that the second duration of backscatter transmission for the same number of information bits is the same when using different parameters for backscatter transmission, thus ensuring similar performance for backscatter transmission with different parameters.

[0221] Unlike existing technologies, in RFID, Miller 4, compared to Miller 2, has a longer transmission duration (second duration) after modulation of one information bit, while the level switching period (or first duration) remains the same. This results in better transmission performance for Miller 4 compared to Miller 2. In this embodiment, the level switching period (first duration) is different, while the transmission duration (second duration) after modulation of one information bit is the same.

[0222] In addition to using Miller subcarrier (or Miller code subcarrier) modulation, Manchester code or FM0 (Bi-Phase Space Coding) code subcarrier modulation can also be used in backscatter communication systems to adjust the backscattered information to the subcarrier frequency.

[0223] Method 3: Modulate the information carried by the backscattered signal using different signal level durations.

[0224] Method 3 is similar to Method 2, but by modifying the duration of a high / low level, T is changed, thereby altering the frequency of the backscattered signal.

[0225] The parameters of the backscattered signal can be predefined or indicated by the reader.

[0226] Method 4: Transmit backscattered signals at a specific frequency.

[0227] In one implementation, the tag can locally generate one or more frequency transmission signals, reflecting signals independent of the carrier wave. This type of tag can directly transmit backscattered signals at a specific frequency according to the reader's control commands, indicated rules, or predefined rules.

[0228] The following describes how the reader side receives the backscattered signal in Embodiment 1.

[0229] In methods 1, 2, and 3 described above, the tag signal can be modulated using double-sideband modulation, generating a frequency component in both the high-frequency and / or low-frequency directions of the carrier frequency. Alternatively, single-sideband modulation can be used, such as in method 4, generating a frequency component only in the high-frequency or low-frequency direction of the carrier frequency. This frequency component, higher or lower than the carrier frequency, contains backscattered modulation information. The reader can use a filter to extract specific frequency components, thereby detecting the information transmitted by the backscattered signal.

[0230] The reader can use a filter to extract and demodulate signals of different frequencies, obtaining the frequency components of the backscattered signals transmitted by different tags via backscattering. Figure 9 As shown.

[0231] Example 2: Rules for determining backscattering parameters

[0232] In existing backscatter communication systems, a reader typically receives the backscatter signal from only one tag at a time. For example, in an RFID inventory process, when the reader sends a control command to initiate the inventory process, it indicates a value Q. The tag generates a random value q from a set of values ​​{0, ..., 2^Q-1} locally. The tag with the current random value of 0 will respond to the reader's control command and transmit its backscatter signal. Tags with a non-zero random value will not transmit their backscatter signals. After completing communication with the tag with the random value of 0, the reader can continue to send control commands (e.g., queryRep), such as instructing the tag to decrement the generated random number by 1. The tag with the final random value of 0 will respond to this control command and transmit its backscatter signal.

[0233] The above process is a random multiple access process, which carries the possibility that multiple tags may generate the same random number locally. This could lead to multiple tags simultaneously transmitting backscatter signals at a certain moment. In this case, the reader is highly unlikely to detect any tag's backscatter signal and will not provide feedback to the tag indicating that a backscatter signal has been received. In this situation, these tags will continue to receive control commands from the reader, waiting for a new opportunity for backscatter transmission. Therefore, when sending control commands, the reader should select a reasonable Q value and can gradually adjust the Q value during inventory to reduce the probability of collisions when communicating with multiple tags. Of course, this also means that the time to complete communication with multiple tags will be longer.

[0234] In existing solutions, if the parameters of the backscattered signals transmitted by multiple tags at the same time are the same, the reader cannot detect the backscattered signals of multiple tags at the same time, which negatively affects the efficiency of communication for backscattering multiple tags.

[0235] Based on the backscatter signal transmission method of Embodiment 1, different parameters can be used to transmit backscatter signals simultaneously. This can improve the efficiency of multi-tag communication processes. For example, the frequency shift of the incident signal can be implemented in hardware, or different tag backscatter signals can be transmitted at different target frequencies by using different subcarrier modulation / level durations.

[0236] The methods for determining the parameters of different backscattered signals using tags include determining the parameters of the backscattered signal (or determining the parameters for backscattered transmission) based on the tag's counter value, for example:

[0237] Method a: Determine the parameters of the backscattered signal based on the step size.

[0238] Tags with current counter values of 0, 1, … M-1 can perform backscatter transmission simultaneously. Tags with different counter values use different parameters for backscatter transmission. Tag0 uses parameter 0, Tag1 uses parameter 1, …, Tagm uses parameter m for backscatter transmission, where 0 < m ≤ M-1. The counter value may be a random number generated locally by the Tag, or a counter value obtained by modifying (decrementing / incrementing) the random number.

[0239] Alternatively, Tags with different IDs use different parameters for backscatter transmission. Tag ID#0 uses parameter 0, Tag ID#1 uses parameter 1, …, Tag ID#m uses parameter m for backscatter transmission, where 0 < m ≤ M-1. Said IDs are temporary IDs of UE, reader-indicated IDs, product code PC, and electronic product code EPC. A Tag can determine the parameter of the backscatter signal based on an output obtained after performing a certain operation on the ID value. For example, if mod(ID, M) = m, parameter m is used for backscatter transmission.

[0240] In the above implementation mode, the reader can indicate the step size of random number adjustment in a control command. For example, the above M can be regarded as the step size of random number adjustment. If a Tag receives a control command indicated by the reader that instructs an adjustment step size M > 1, the Tag determines the parameter of its backscatter signal in the above manner.

[0241] Mode b: Determine the parameter of the backscatter signal based on the group ID or intra-group ID.

[0242] Tags can operate in a grouping mode, where each Tag includes a group ID and an intra-group ID. The parameter of the backscatter signal is determined according to the intra-group ID.

[0243] One implementation mode is that Tags with a specific group ID perform backscatter signal transmission, and the parameters of the backscatter signal are determined according to the intra-group ID of the Tag, for example, frequency, subcarrier frequency, first level duration / first level switching period.

[0244] For example, Tag#0 uses parameter 0, Tag#1 uses parameter 1, …, multiple Tags use different parameters to perform backscatter transmission simultaneously. The reader can further modify the group ID of the Tags through a control command. For example, only one or more Tags with group ID 0 perform backscatter transmission. After one or more Tags with group ID 0 complete backscatter signal transmission, the reader can indicate to modify the value of the group ID through a control command, for example, decrement the group ID by 1. At this time, the Tag that had group ID 1 in the previous round has group ID 0 now, and the Tags in this group perform backscatter signal transmission (or referred to as backscatter transmission for short).

[0245] Another implementation involves transmitting backscattered signals for tags with IDs within a specific group, and determining the parameters of the backscattered signal, such as frequency, subcarrier frequency, first level duration / first level switching period, based on the tag group ID.

[0246] For example, Tag group #0 uses parameter 0, Tag group #1 uses parameter 1, and so on, with multiple tags using different parameters performing backscatter transmission simultaneously. The reader can further modify the tag's group ID via control commands; for example, only one or more tags with a group ID of 0 will perform backscatter transmission. After one or more tags with a group ID of 0 have performed backscatter transmission, the reader can instruct the reader to modify the value of the group ID via control commands, for example, decrementing the group ID by 1. At this point, the tag with a group ID of 1 in the previous round will now have a group ID of 0, and multiple tags with a group ID of 0 will perform backscatter transmission.

[0247] In this embodiment, the group ID or intra-group ID of the tag can be determined by one of the following: the tag's identifier (represented by A) or temporary identifier (represented by B), the random number generated by the tag (represented by C), the tag's counter value (represented by D), or the information indicated by the reader / writer.

[0248] Method c: Determine the parameters of the backscatter signal by simple calculation based on the tag identifier (A), temporary identifier (B), random number generated by the tag (C), or counter value of the tag (D).

[0249] For example, the parameters of the backscatter signal are determined based on the value of m = mod(A / B / C / D, M); M is indicated by the reader or predefined. The Tag uses parameter m to transmit the backscatter signal.

[0250] Method d: Determine whether to use the parallel backscattering mode of multiple tags based on the process ID or session ID.

[0251] For different purposes, readers can communicate using multiple sessions or processes and multiple tags.

[0252] For example, a reader may need to communicate with multiple tags, such as for tag inventory. For communication within a specific session or process, backscatter transmission is used in the manner described above. This specific session number or process number can be predefined or indicated by the reader.

[0253] Example 3: Signaling Instruction

[0254] Optionally, the relevant indication signaling, indicated by the reader / writer, can be included in the control commands to select some or all tags that meet the conditions to initiate the communication process. Alternatively, the control commands can indicate the Q value used to generate random numbers, and the random number can be changed. While indicating these parameters, relevant parameters required for the process can also be indicated, such as the step size M for random number adjustment. Alternatively, these commands can be used to indicate whether the tags use the aforementioned mode for backscatter communication.

[0255] Optionally, the parameters of the backscattered signal can also be indicated by the control commands described above, including at least one of the following:

[0256] a) Apply different frequency offset values ​​relative to the incident carrier signal, where the frequency offset value is predefined or indicated by the reader / writer;

[0257] b) N times or 1 / N relative to the reference subcarrier frequency;

[0258] c) K times or 1 / K relative to the duration of the reference level.

[0259] See Figure 10 Embodiments of this application provide a backscatter signal transmission device applied to a tag, the device 1000 comprising:

[0260] The first determining module 1001 is used to determine parameters related to the transmission of the backscatter signal based on the first information;

[0261] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0262] (1) A first identifier, wherein the first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0263] (2) A first value, wherein the first value is used to indicate the random number generated by the label;

[0264] (3) A second value, which indicates the counter value of the label;

[0265] (4) A third value, which indicates the step size of the counter of the tag;

[0266] (5) The group identifier or intra-group identifier of the label;

[0267] (6) Session number or process number;

[0268] (7) Information received from the reader;

[0269] The parameters of the backscattered signal include at least one of the following:

[0270] (1) Parameters of the backscattered signal, wherein the parameters of the backscattered signal are used to indicate the transmission of the backscattered signal;

[0271] (2) Second parameter, which is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed;

[0272] (3) A third parameter, wherein the third parameter is used to indicate the frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0273] (4) The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0274] The subcarrier in this article can also be described as a subcarrier.

[0275] (5) The first duration or the first level switching period of the backscattered signal.

[0276] In one embodiment of this application, the third parameter is a first frequency offset value, which is used to indicate a frequency offset value relative to the incident carrier frequency; or, the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times or 1 / N times the reference subcarrier frequency; or, the first duration is K times or 1 / K times the reference level duration.

[0277] Where N and K are natural numbers greater than 0.

[0278] In one embodiment of this application, one or more of the incident carrier frequency, the reference subcarrier frequency, the reference level duration, the first frequency offset value, and N and K are predefined or indicated by the reader / writer.

[0279] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0280] A first receiving module is configured to receive second information, the second information being used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information, or the second information being used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

[0281] In one embodiment of this application, the first determining module 1001 is further configured to:

[0282] If the first information includes the third value and the third value is greater than 1, parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission are determined based on the first information.

[0283] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0284] The first transmission module is used to transmit a backscatter signal when the counter value of the tag is any one of 0 to a fourth value, wherein the fourth value is equal to the third value minus 1, and the third value is greater than or equal to 1.

[0285] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0286] The second receiving module is used to receive third information, which instructs the tag to subtract the third value from the counter value.

[0287] In one embodiment of this application, the first determining module 1001 is further configured to:

[0288] If the group identifier of the label is a specific group identifier, the parameter is determined based on the group identifier of the label; or, if the group identifier of the label is a specific group identifier, the parameter is determined based on the group identifier of the label.

[0289] In one embodiment of this application, the group identifier or intra-group identifier of the tag is determined according to one of the following: the first identifier; the first value; the second value; or information indicated by the reader / writer.

[0290] In one embodiment of this application, the first determining module 1001 is further configured to:

[0291] The remainder obtained by dividing the first identifier, the first value, or the second value by the fifth value is determined as the parameter; wherein the fifth value is indicated by the reader or is predefined.

[0292] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes: a third receiving module, configured to receive fourth information, the fourth information being used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0293] Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag;

[0294] Specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals;

[0295] Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag;

[0296] Specific tags within a group transmit backscattered signals.

[0297] In one embodiment of this application, at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, and the fourth information is carried in a control command sent by the reader / writer;

[0298] The control commands include at least one of the following: a selection command, a query command, a repeat query command, and an adjustment query command.

[0299] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0300] The third transmission module is used to transmit the backscatter signal according to the first requirement and the parameters of the backscatter signal;

[0301] The first requirement includes: when the tag transmits a backscatter signal using any of the parameters of the backscatter signal, if the number of bits transmitted is the same, then the second duration for transmitting the same number of bits is the same.

[0302] In one embodiment of this application, when the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times the reference subcarrier frequency, during the second duration, the number of level switching cycles corresponding to the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered transmission is 1 / N of the number of level switching cycles corresponding to the reference subcarrier frequency.

[0303] In one embodiment of this application, the level switching cycle includes, in sequence, a high level and a low level, or a low level and a high level, wherein the sum of the duration of the high level and the duration of the low level is the level switching cycle.

[0304] In one embodiment of this application, the information carried by the backscatter signal includes at least one of the following: a temporary identifier of the tag, an item code, a handle of the tag, an error code, and data.

[0305] See Figure 11 This application provides a backscatter signal transmission device for use in a reader / writer. The device 1100 includes:

[0306] The third determining module 1101 is used to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information;

[0307] The detection module 1102 is used to detect the backscattered signal according to the parameters.

[0308] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0309] (1) A first identifier, wherein the first identifier includes the identifier of the label or the temporary identifier of the label;

[0310] (2) A first value, wherein the first value is used to indicate the random number generated by the label;

[0311] (3) A second value, which indicates the counter value of the label;

[0312] (4) A third value, which indicates the step size of the counter of the tag;

[0313] (5) The group identifier or intra-group identifier of the label;

[0314] (6) Session number or process number;

[0315] (7) Information received from the reader.

[0316] In one embodiment of this application, the parameters of the backscattered signal include at least one of the following:

[0317] (1) Parameters of the backscattered signal, wherein the parameters of the backscattered signal are used to indicate the transmission of the backscattered signal;

[0318] (2) Second parameter, which is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed;

[0319] (3) A third parameter, wherein the third parameter is used to indicate the frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0320] (4) The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal;

[0321] The subcarrier in this article can also be described as a subcarrier.

[0322] (5) The first duration or the first level switching period of the backscattered signal.

[0323] In one embodiment of this application, the reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters, including:

[0324] The reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters within at least one bandwidth range.

[0325] In one embodiment of this application, the third parameter is a first frequency offset value, which is used to indicate a frequency offset value relative to the incident carrier frequency.

[0326] or,

[0327] The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times or 1 / N times the reference subcarrier frequency;

[0328] or,

[0329] The first duration is K times or 1 / K times the duration of the reference level;

[0330] Where N and K are natural numbers greater than 0.

[0331] In one embodiment of this application, the incident carrier frequency, the reference subcarrier frequency, the reference level duration, the first frequency offset value, and one or more of N and K are predefined or determined by the reader / writer.

[0332] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0333] A first transmitting module is configured to transmit second information, the second information being configured to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information, or the second information being configured to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

[0334] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0335] The second sending module is used to send third information, which instructs the tag to subtract the third value from the counter value.

[0336] In one embodiment of this application, the group identifier or intra-group identifier of the tag is determined according to one of the following: the first identifier; the first value; the second value; or the information indicated by the reader / writer.

[0337] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0338] A third sending module is configured to send fourth information, the fourth information indicating at least one of the following:

[0339] Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag;

[0340] Specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals;

[0341] Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag;

[0342] Specific tags within a group transmit backscattered signals.

[0343] In one embodiment of this application, at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, and the fourth information is carried by a control command;

[0344] The control commands include at least one of the following: a selection command, a query command, a repeat query command, and an adjustment query command.

[0345] In one embodiment of this application, the reader / writer includes a terminal, a base station, a dedicated receiving device, or a dedicated transmitting device.

[0346] The apparatus provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 7 The various processes implemented in the method embodiment achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0347] Optional, such as Figure 11 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 1100, including a processor 1101 and a memory 1102. The memory 1102 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 1101. For example, when the communication device 1100 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1101 implement the above-described Figure 5 or Figure 6 The steps in the method embodiments are the same and can achieve the same technical effect, so they will not be repeated here to avoid repetition.

[0348] This application embodiment also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement Figure 5 or... Figure 6 The methods and processes of the above embodiments are the same and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0349] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0350] This application embodiment also provides a chip, the chip including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being used to run programs or instructions to implement Figure 5 or... Figure 6 The processes shown and the various method embodiments described above can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition.

[0351] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0352] This application embodiment also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement... Figure 2 or Figure 3 The processes shown and the various method embodiments described above can achieve the same technical effect, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition.

[0353] This application embodiment also provides a communication system, which includes a terminal and a network-side device. The terminal is used to execute the processes shown in FIG5 and the above-described method embodiments. The network-side device is used to execute... Figure 6 The processes of the above-described method embodiments are all the same and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0354] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0355] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0356] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting backscattered signals, characterized in that, include: The tag determines the parameters related to the transmission of the backscattered signal based on the first information; The first information includes at least one of the following: A first value, which indicates the random number generated by the label; The second value indicates the counter value of the tag, and the initial value of the tag's counter is a random number generated by the tag; A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter; Information received from the reader; The parameter includes at least one of the following: The first parameter is used to indicate the transmission of the backscattered signal; The second parameter is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed; The third parameter indicates the frequency of the backscattered signal; The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal; The first duration or first level switching period of the backscattered signal; in, Based on the first piece of information, the tag determines the parameters of the backscattered signal, including: If the first information includes the third value and the third value is greater than 1, the tag determines the parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information. The method further includes: The tag receives third information, which instructs the tag to subtract the third value from the counter value. The method further includes: When the counter value of the tag is any one of 0 to the fourth value, the tag transmits a backscatter signal, wherein the fourth value is equal to the third value minus 1, and the third value is greater than or equal to 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third parameter is a first frequency offset value, which is used to indicate the frequency offset value relative to the incident carrier frequency. or, The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times or 1 / N times the reference subcarrier frequency; or, The first duration is K times or 1 / K times the duration of the reference level; Wherein, N and K are natural numbers greater than 0.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The incident carrier frequency, the reference subcarrier frequency, the reference level duration, the first frequency offset value, and one or more of N and K are predefined or indicated by the reader.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The tag receives the second information. The second information is used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information, or the second information is used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tag determines parameters related to backscattered signal transmission based on the first information, including: When the group identifier of the label is a specific group identifier, the label determines the parameter based on the group identifier of the label; or, When the label's group identifier is a specific group identifier, the label determines the parameter based on the label's group identifier.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The group identifier or intra-group identifier of the tag is determined according to one of the following: a first identifier, which includes the tag's identifier or the tag's temporary identifier; a first value; a second value; or information indicated by the reader / writer.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The label determines the parameters based on the label's group identifier or intra-group identifier, including: The parameter is determined by the remainder obtained by dividing the first identifier, the first value, or the second value by the fifth value. The fifth value is indicated by the reader or is predefined.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: The tag receives fourth information, which indicates at least one of the following: Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals; Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific tags within a group transmit backscattered signals.

9. The method according to claim 1, 4 or 8, characterized in that, At least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, and the fourth information is carried in the control command sent by the reader; The control commands include at least one of the following: a selection command, a query command, a repeat query command, and an adjustment query command.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The tag transmits the backscatter signal according to the first requirement and the parameters of the backscatter signal; The first requirement includes: when the tag transmits a backscatter signal using any of the parameters of the backscatter signal, if the number of bits transmitted is the same, then the second duration for transmitting the same number of bits is the same.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times the reference subcarrier frequency, during the second duration, the number of level switching cycles corresponding to the subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is 1 / N of the number of level switching cycles corresponding to the reference subcarrier frequency.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The level switching cycle includes, in sequence, a high level and a low level, or a low level and a high level, wherein the sum of the duration of the high level and the duration of the low level is the level switching cycle.

13. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that, The information carried by the backscatter signal includes at least one of the following: the temporary identifier of the tag, the item code, the handle of the tag, the error code, and the data.

14. A method for transmitting backscattered signals, characterized in that, include: The reader determines the parameters related to the transmission of the backscatter signal based on the first information; The reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters; The first information includes at least one of the following: A first value, which is used to indicate the random number generated by the label; The second value indicates the counter value of the tag, and the initial value of the tag's counter is a random number generated by the tag; A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter; Information received from the reader; The parameter includes at least one of the following: The first parameter is used to indicate the transmission of the backscattered signal; The second parameter is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed; The third parameter indicates the frequency of the backscattered signal; The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal; The first duration or first level switching period of the backscattered signal; The method further includes: The reader sends a third message, which instructs the tag to subtract a third value from the counter value.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The reader / writer detects the backscatter signal based on the parameters, including: The reader detects the backscatter signal according to the parameters within at least one bandwidth range.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The third parameter is a first frequency offset value, which is used to indicate the frequency offset value relative to the incident carrier frequency. or, The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal is N times or 1 / N times the reference subcarrier frequency; or, The first duration is K times or 1 / K times the duration of the reference level; Wherein, N and K are natural numbers greater than 0.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The incident carrier frequency, the reference subcarrier frequency, the reference level duration, the first frequency offset value, and one or more of N and K are predefined or determined by the reader / writer.

18. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends a second message, which instructs the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first message, or the second message instructs the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

19. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The group identifier or intra-group identifier of the tag is determined according to one of the following: a first identifier, which includes the tag's identifier or the tag's temporary identifier; a first value; a second value; or information indicated by the reader / writer.

20. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends a fourth message, which indicates at least one of the following: Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals; Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific tags within a group transmit backscattered signals.

21. The method according to claim 14, 18 or 20, characterized in that, At least one of the first, second, third, and fourth information is carried via a control command; The control commands include at least one of the following: a selection command, a query command, a repeat query command, and an adjustment query command.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that, The reader / writer includes at least one of the following: a terminal, a base station, a dedicated receiving device, and a dedicated transmitting device.

23. A backscattering signal transmission device, characterized in that, include: The first determining module is used to determine parameters related to the transmission of the backscattered signal based on the first information. The first information includes at least one of the following: A first value, which is used to indicate the random number generated by the label; The second value indicates the counter value of the tag, and the initial value of the tag's counter is a random number generated by the tag; A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter; Information received from the reader; The parameter includes at least one of the following: The first parameter is used to indicate the transmission of the backscattered signal; The second parameter is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed; The third parameter indicates the frequency of the backscattered signal; The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal; The first duration or first level switching period of the backscattered signal; in, The first determining module is further configured to: If the first information includes the third value and the third value is greater than 1, the tag determines the parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information. The device further includes: The second receiving module is used to receive third information, which is used to instruct the tag to subtract the third value from the counter value. The first transmission module is used to transmit a backscatter signal when the counter value of the tag is any one of 0 to a fourth value, wherein the fourth value is equal to the third value minus 1, and the third value is greater than or equal to 1.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that, The device further includes: A first receiving module is configured to receive second information, the second information being used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information, or the second information being used to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

25. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that, The first determining module is further configured to: If the group identifier of the label is a specific group identifier, the parameter is determined based on the group identifier of the label; or, if the group identifier of the label is a specific group identifier, the parameter is determined based on the group identifier of the label.

26. The apparatus according to claim 23, characterized in that, The device further includes: A third receiving module is configured to receive fourth information, the fourth information indicating at least one of the following: Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals; Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific tags within a group transmit backscattered signals.

27. A backscattering signal transmission device, applied to a reader / writer, characterized in that, include: The third determining module is used to determine the parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information; A detection module is used to detect the backscattered signal according to the parameters; A first value, which is used to indicate the random number generated by the label; The second value indicates the counter value of the tag, and the initial value of the tag's counter is a random number generated by the tag; A third value, which indicates the step size of the tag's counter; Information received from the reader; The parameter includes at least one of the following: The first parameter is used to indicate the transmission of the backscattered signal; The second parameter is used to indicate that backscattered signal transmission is not performed; The third parameter indicates the frequency of the backscattered signal; The subcarrier frequency of the backscattered signal; The first duration or first level switching period of the backscattered signal; The device further includes a second transmitting module for transmitting third information, the third information being used to instruct the tag to subtract a third value from the counter value.

28. The apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that, The device further includes: A first transmitting module is configured to transmit second information, the second information being configured to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on the first information, or the second information being configured to instruct the tag to determine parameters related to the backscatter signal transmission based on a specific session number or process number.

29. The apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that, The device further includes: A third sending module is configured to send fourth information, the fourth information indicating at least one of the following: Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific group-identified tags transmit backscattered signals; Modify the group identifier of the aforementioned tag; Specific tags within a group transmit backscattered signals.

30. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instructions stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22.

31. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 22.

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