Marine modular multi-level protection device based on composite airbag
By using a modular multi-level protection device based on composite airbags, the collision area is predicted and multi-level continuous protection is provided, which solves the problem of limited protective performance of existing ship collision avoidance devices and achieves effective protection during collisions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing ship collision avoidance devices, such as scrap tires and single inflatable sealed bladders, have limited protective performance and cannot provide multi-level continuous protection, and are prone to failure, especially in extreme situations.
It adopts a modular multi-level protection device based on composite airbags, including an air supply component, a composite airbag component and an intelligent control component. It can predict the collision area and time and provide multi-level continuous protection. The outer large airbag is divided into multiple chambers, and the inner small airbags and multi-level protection components work together.
It enables timely provision of multi-level continuous protection in collision-hazardous scenarios, effectively protecting the hull even after airbag rupture, enhancing protective capabilities and stability, and avoiding instantaneous failure due to excessive energy or sharp contact surfaces.
Smart Images
Figure CN117184349B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine technology, and in particular to a modular multi-stage marine protection device based on composite airbags. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous development and utilization of marine resources, fisheries, transportation, tourism, and resource extraction have all experienced significant growth. In this process, ships, as important means of transportation, have also flourished, including high-value vessels such as luxury yachts, high-performance fishing boats, and specialized research vessels. However, due to extreme sea conditions, human negligence, and other reasons, high-value vessels frequently experience collisions in coastal waters, inland waterways, and ports. These accidents not only result in huge economic losses but also pose a serious threat to the lives and property of people and property.
[0003] Currently, external collision protection devices for ships mainly consist of exposed waste tires and rubber buoys. Waste tires not only affect the aesthetics but also offer limited protection. Rubber buoys are typically used for berthing and anchoring operations but cannot provide timely protection in emergencies. Furthermore, existing marine inflatable protective devices usually employ a single inflatable sealed bladder, primarily absorbing collision energy through compression and deformation. When encountering significant energy impacts or sharp contact areas, the protective device immediately becomes ineffective once the bladder ruptures. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a marine modular multi-level protective device based on composite airbags. This device provides timely protection and offers multi-level continuous protection. It can be installed in various critical structural areas, operating independently or in clusters to provide combined protection and cushioning. In collision hazards, it can quickly predict the area and time of impending impact and continue to provide effective protection even after the airbags rupture.
[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.
[0006] A modular multi-stage marine protection device based on a composite airbag includes an air supply component, a composite airbag component, and an intelligent control component. The intelligent control component is used to monitor potential collision objects within the ship's navigation area, predict the impact area and time of the collision, and send an inflation command to the air supply component. The air supply component supplies air to the composite airbag component. The composite airbag component is used to resist external collisions with the ship's hull.
[0007] In the above scheme, the composite airbag assembly includes an outer large airbag and an inner small airbag; the inner small airbag is disposed inside the outer large airbag, and the outer large airbag is divided into several chambers, each of which is connected to the other through a vent.
[0008] In the above scheme, the external air bladder is divided into 5 chambers, including four side chambers and one central chamber; the four side chambers surround the central chamber, and the central chamber is equipped with an internal small air bladder; the external air bladder is arranged with vent holes in a ring.
[0009] The above scheme also includes several multi-level protection components; the multi-level protection components are connected to the external large air bladder, and the multi-level protection components can supply gas to the external large air bladder and play a protective role when the internal small air bladder fails.
[0010] In the above scheme, the multi-level protection component includes a high-pressure gas tank, a strong spring, and a bearing ring; the high-pressure gas tank is mounted on a base, and the strong spring is positioned above the high-pressure gas tank; a bearing ring is provided at the upper end of the strong spring; a conical head is provided on the bearing ring; several small holes are provided on the conical head; during the compression process, when the conical head is inserted into the high-pressure gas tank, the gas inside the high-pressure gas tank enters the composite airbag assembly through the small holes on the conical head and the side cavity inflation port.
[0011] In the above scheme, the high-pressure gas tank is made of rubber and has a frustum-shaped structure. The upper surface inside the high-pressure gas tank has a spiral structure. One end of the side cavity inflation port is connected to the conical head, and the other end is connected to the composite airbag assembly.
[0012] In the above scheme, the gas supply component includes a gas generator, a gas delivery channel, a four-way connector, a central gas outlet, a gas outlet A, and a gas outlet B; the gas delivery channel divides the high-pressure gas into three paths through the four-way connector, which are respectively connected to the central gas outlet, gas outlet A, and gas outlet B to supply gas to the composite airbag component.
[0013] In the above scheme, the central air outlet, air outlet A, and air outlet B are all set on a base provided inside the shell. The central air outlet is used to supply air to the internal small airbags; air outlet A and air outlet B are used to supply air to the external large airbags; the bottom of the composite airbag assembly is provided with four side chamber inflation ports, one large airbag inflation port, and one small airbag inflation port; the small airbag inflation port is set inside the large airbag inflation port and is connected to the central air outlet, and the large airbag inflation port is connected to the first small air outlet and the second small air outlet on the base.
[0014] In the above scheme, the intelligent control component is located on one side of the housing; the intelligent control component includes an image acquisition device, an infrared rangefinder, a central processing unit, and several wires; the wires are used to connect the various components in the intelligent control component and to the air supply component; the image acquisition device is used to collect and identify potential collision objects in the surrounding area and sea condition information near the waters where the ship is located; the infrared rangefinder, in conjunction with the image acquisition sensor, sends environmental information and obstacle information to the central processing unit, which initially calculates whether there is a collision hazard. After calculating that there is a collision hazard, it calculates the impact position that the entire protected area of the device will be subjected to, and the moment when that position will come into contact with the collision object; the predicted collision information is converted into the ignition and air supply time of the air supply component.
[0015] The above scheme is used on the side of the ship.
[0016] Beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. This invention provides a marine modular multi-level protection device based on composite airbags. This device can provide timely protection and possesses multi-level continuous protection capabilities. It can be installed in various critical structural areas, and can operate independently or be combined in clusters to provide collective protection and buffering functions. In collision hazards, it can quickly predict the area and time of impending impact and continue to provide effective protection even after the airbags rupture.
[0018] 2. In this invention, the high-pressure gas storage tank is shaped like a frustum and is made of rubber. It is small at the top and large at the bottom, which is beneficial to increase the gas storage capacity and enhance the load-bearing stability.
[0019] 3. In this invention, the external air bladder is configured with multiple chambers and the gas in the chambers can be exchanged through vents. This helps to avoid uneven pressure on the air bladder and the resulting gas imbalance, which leads to poor buffering effect. Furthermore, by adding vents, not only can the rapid expansion of the air bladder be ensured, but the gas exchange between the chambers can also fully dissipate the destructive energy of the impact on the hull. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the marine modular intelligent anti-collision device based on composite airbags according to the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the internal structure after removing the middle and top covers;
[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram;
[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram;
[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A three-dimensional detailed schematic diagram of the gas supply components and base involved in the process;
[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the composite airbag assembly of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the composite airbag assembly of the device of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A 3D detailed schematic diagram of the intelligent control components involved;
[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 4 3D detailed diagram of multi-level protection components;
[0029] Figure 10 In order to be in Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the addition of a side chamber inflation port to the existing structure;
[0030] Figure 11 To remove Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the spring;
[0031] Figure 12 This is a top view of the upper part of the high-pressure treatment tank;
[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the modular arrangement of the device on the side of the device.
[0033] Figure 14 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the deployment of the composite airbag assembly included in the package;
[0034] Figure 15 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the device of the present invention.
[0035] Figure label:
[0036] 1-Infrared rangefinder; 2-Image acquisition unit; 3-Gas generator; 4-Wire; 5-Central processing unit; 6-Housing; 7-Watertight partition; 8a-Gas supply channel A; 8b-Gas supply channel B; 8c-Gas supply channel C; 8d-Gas supply channel D; 9a-Outlet A; 9b-Outlet B; 10-Central outlet; 11-Base; 12-Left compartment; 13-Cap; 14-Right compartment; 15-Hinge 16-Chain; 17-Top cover plate; 18-Bearing ring; 19-Conical head; 20-High-pressure air tank; 21-Strong spring; 22-External large air bladder; 23-Internal small air bladder; 24-Side chamber; 25-Vent hole; 26-Large air bladder inflation port; 27-Small air bladder inflation port; 28-Side chamber inflation port; 29-Four-way connector; 30-Upper end of four high-pressure air tanks; 31-Vent hole. Detailed Implementation
[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0040] A modular multi-stage marine protection device based on a composite airbag includes an air supply component, a composite airbag component, and an intelligent control component. The intelligent control component is used to monitor potential collision objects within the ship's navigation area, predict the impact area and time of the collision, and send an inflation command to the air supply component. The air supply component supplies air to the composite airbag component. The composite airbag component is used to resist external collisions with the ship's hull.
[0041] In the above scheme, the composite airbag assembly includes an outer large airbag 21 and an inner small airbag 22; the inner small airbag 22 is disposed inside the outer large airbag 21, and the outer large airbag 21 is divided into several chambers, each of which is connected to the other through a vent 25.
[0042] In the above scheme, the external large air bladder 21 is divided into 5 chambers, including four side chambers 24 and one central chamber 23; the four side chambers 24 surround the central chamber 23, and the central chamber 23 is provided with an internal small air bladder 22; the external large air bladder 21 is provided with vent holes arranged in a ring.
[0043] The above scheme also includes several multi-level protection components; the multi-level protection components are connected to the external large air bladder 21, and the multi-level protection components can supply gas to the external large air bladder 21 and play a protective role when the internal small air bladder 22 fails.
[0044] In the above scheme, the multi-level protection component includes a high-pressure gas tank 19, a strong spring 20, and a bearing ring 17; the high-pressure gas tank 19 is disposed on the base 11, and the strong spring 20 is disposed above the high-pressure gas tank 19; the upper end of the strong spring 20 is provided with a bearing ring 17; the bearing ring 17 is provided with a conical head 18; the conical head 18 is provided with several small holes; during the compression process, when the conical head 18 is inserted into the high-pressure gas tank 19, the gas inside the high-pressure gas tank 19 enters the composite airbag assembly through the small holes on the conical head 18 and the side cavity inflation port 28.
[0045] In the above scheme, the high-pressure gas storage tank 19 is made of rubber and has a frustum-shaped structure. The upper surface of the inside of the high-pressure gas storage tank 19 has a spiral structure. One end of the side cavity inflation port 28 is connected to the conical head 18, and the other end is connected to the composite airbag assembly.
[0046] In the above scheme, the gas supply component includes a gas generator, a gas delivery channel, a four-way connector 29, a central gas outlet 10, a gas outlet A9a, and a gas outlet B9b; the gas delivery channel divides the high-pressure gas into three paths through the four-way connector 29, which are respectively connected to the central gas outlet 10, the gas outlet A9a, and the gas outlet B9b to supply gas to the composite airbag component.
[0047] In the above scheme, the central air outlet 10, air outlet A9a, and air outlet B9b are all set on the base 11 provided inside the housing 6. The central air outlet 10 is used to supply air to the internal small airbag 22; the air outlet A9a and air outlet B9b are used to supply air to the external large airbag 21; the bottom of the composite airbag assembly is provided with four side chamber inflation ports 28, one large airbag inflation port 26, and a small airbag inflation port 27; the small airbag inflation port 27 is set inside the large airbag inflation port 26 and is connected to the central air outlet 10; the large airbag inflation port 26 is connected to the first small air outlet 9a and the second small air outlet 9b on the base 11.
[0048] In the above scheme, the intelligent control component is located on one side of the housing 6; the intelligent control component includes an image acquisition unit 2, an infrared rangefinder 1, a central processing unit 5, and several wires 4; the wires 4 are used to connect the various components in the intelligent control component and to the air supply component; the image acquisition unit 2 is used to collect and identify potential collision objects in the surrounding area and sea condition information near the waters where the ship is located; the infrared rangefinder 1, in conjunction with the image acquisition sensor, sends environmental information and obstacle information to the central processing unit 5, the central processing unit 5 initially calculates whether there is a collision hazard, and after calculating that there is a collision hazard, it calculates the impact position that the entire protected area of the device will be subjected to, and the moment when that position will come into contact with the collision object; the predicted collision information is converted into the ignition and air supply time of the air supply component.
[0049] Combined with appendix Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 13, a modular multi-stage anti-collision device based on a composite airbag is used in a ship. The ship has several modules on its side, and the hull 6 is divided into two compartments: a left compartment 12 and a right compartment 14. The left side is a watertight compartment, housing a central processing unit 5, an image acquisition unit 2, and an infrared rangefinder 1, all part of the intelligent control components. The central processing unit 5 is located above the watertight compartment, while the image acquisition unit 2 and the infrared rangefinder 1 are located below it. The middle section is used to house a gas generator 3, facilitating the shortening of the gas supply channel to ensure inflation efficiency. The gas generator 3 is fixed to the bottom of the watertight compartment with fastening bolts, ensuring a stable output of high-pressure gas when a chemical reaction occurs internally after receiving an ignition signal.
[0050] The upper part of the left compartment 12 is made transparent to facilitate the monitoring and information collection of the external environment by the infrared rangefinder 1 in conjunction with the image acquisition unit 2. The right compartment contains more components and is larger in volume, resulting in a certain height difference compared to the left compartment. The two compartments are separated by a watertight partition 7, and the gas transmission channel A8a is watertight at the point where it penetrates the watertight partition 7.
[0051] The right compartment 14 has a base 11 fixed to the bottom of the shell 6 at its center. Three inflation ports are mounted on the base 11: outlet A 9a, outlet B 9b, and a central outlet 10. Outlets A 9a and B 9b are symmetrically arranged on either side of the central outlet 10. The upper cover 16 of the right compartment 14 has a cross-shaped opening and is divided into four pieces, each connected by hinges 15. Each upper cover 16 is connected to a support ring 17 in the multi-stage protection assembly. The cross-shaped opening design facilitates rapid airbag deployment. The external large airbag 21 is connected to the support ring 17 on the right compartment 14 via a side chamber inflation port 28.
[0052] Combined with appendix Figure 5 As shown, the gas supply assembly includes four gas delivery channels, labeled gas delivery channel A8a, gas delivery channel B, gas delivery channel C8c, and gas delivery channel D8d. It also includes a four-way connector 29, a central air outlet 10, air outlet A9a, air outlet B9b, and a gas generator 3. Gas delivery channel A8a connects to the left side of the gas generator 3 and to the right side of the four-way connector 29. The right side of the four-way connector 29 connects to gas delivery channels B8b, C8c, and D8d. Gas delivery channels B8b and D8d connect to air outlets A9a and B9b, respectively, while gas delivery channel C8c connects to the central air outlet 10. Each channel interface is airtight to ensure no gas leakage occurs during gas transmission. The design of the channels and interfaces aims to ensure smooth transmission of high-pressure gas for controlled inflation and expansion of the composite airbag assembly.
[0053] Combined with appendix Figure 6 , 7As shown in Figure 15, the composite airbag assembly includes an outer large airbag 21 and an inner small airbag 22. The outer large airbag 21, after inflation and deployment, forms a near-rectangular cube and is designed as a multi-chamber structure with five chambers: four side chambers 24 and a central chamber 23. The four side chambers 24 are centrally symmetrically distributed around the central chamber 23, and each chamber is connected by a vent 25. The inner small airbag 22 is a single chamber located within the central chamber 23 and is near-cylindrical in shape. The outer large airbag 21 has multiple chambers, and the gas within each chamber can be exchanged through the vent 25. This helps to avoid uneven pressure distribution within the airbag, which could lead to poor cushioning. Furthermore, the vent 25 not only ensures rapid airbag expansion but also allows for sufficient dissipation of the destructive energy impacting the hull through gas exchange between the chambers. The outer large air bladder 21 has annularly arranged vent holes 31 on its surface. The presence of vent holes 31 is a feature of the cushioning air bladder. The time from air bladder deployment to impact is very short, and the vent holes 31 are used to release air, keeping the internal pressure of the entire air bladder in a dynamic equilibrium state. The vent holes release the impact energy by venting the high-pressure gas inside. In addition, the bottom of the outer large air bladder 21 is provided with six inflation ports: four side chamber inflation ports 28, one large air bladder inflation port 26, and one small air bladder inflation port 27. The small air bladder inflation port 27 is located inside the large air bladder inflation port 26 and is connected to the central air outlet 10. The large air bladder inflation port 26 is connected to the disc on the base 11, and the side chamber inflation port 28 is connected to the upper end of the high-pressure gas storage tank 19.
[0054] The airbags in the composite airbag assembly are all made of a waterproof and airtight material, capable of withstanding a certain amount of external impact. The inner small airbag 22 is connected to the central air outlet 10 in the base 11; the two side air outlets are used for the inflation of each chamber of the outer large airbag 21. Furthermore, the side chambers 24 of the outer large airbag 21 are connected to the upper part of the rubber air tank in the multi-stage protection assembly and are airtight.
[0055] Combined with appendix Figure 9 , 10As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the multi-level protection assembly comprises four load-bearing units. Each unit includes a high-pressure gas storage tank 19, a strong spring 20, a load-bearing ring 17, and a conical head 18. The load-bearing ring 17 and the strong spring 20 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the conical head 18 is nested on the load-bearing ring 17. The strong spring 20 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the high-pressure gas storage tank 19. The high-pressure gas storage tank 19 is shaped like a frustum of a cone and is made of rubber, with a small upper end and a large bottom, which helps to increase the gas storage capacity and enhance the load-bearing stability. In addition, the four load-bearing units are centrally symmetrically distributed around the inflatable base 11. The surface of the conical head 18 is provided with air holes, and the upper surface of the inside of the high-pressure gas storage tank 19 is set as a thread. When the conical head 18 is squeezed and inserted, the upper surface of the inside of the high-pressure gas storage tank 19 is forced by air pressure to wrap the conical head 18 with rubber. The conical head 18 is conical, and as the pressure on the load-bearing ring 17 increases, the conical head 18 is inserted deeper under ballast, that is, more high-pressure gas surges out from inside. The more gas is supplied to the corresponding side chamber 24, the better. The first-level protection, which involves the multi-level protection components, provides dynamic gas supply to the external large air bladder 21, extends the buffer time of the large air bladder, and improves the buffering effect of the first-level protection. The third-level protection provided by the multi-level protection components not only provides the last line of defense for the hull protection, but also protects other components within the module, avoids damage to other device components, increases the number of times the device can be used, and extends its service life.
[0056] Combined with appendix Figure 8 As shown, the intelligent control component includes an image acquisition unit 2, an infrared rangefinder 1, a central processing unit 5, and several wires 4. The wires 4 are electrically connected to the gas generator 3 in the air supply component, using electrical signal transmission to ensure timely and efficient signal transmission. The image acquisition unit 2 is used to collect and identify potential collision objects in the ship's navigation area and sea condition information near the waters. The infrared rangefinder 1, in conjunction with the image acquisition sensor, sends environmental and obstacle information to the central processing unit 5. The central processing unit 5 performs a preliminary calculation to determine if there is a collision hazard. After determining that there is a collision hazard, it calculates the area where a collision may occur, activates the protection module corresponding to that protection area, and converts the relative position and relative speed of the ship and the collision object into the optimal air supply time for the air supply component, ensuring that the composite airbag component inflates to the optimal state for buffer protection before a collision occurs.
[0057] Working principle: This device is a modular unit that uses multiple modules to achieve clustered collaboration, jointly protecting a large area of the ship. The entire operation process is as follows: Figure 12As shown. A single module includes an intelligent control component, an air supply component, a composite airbag component, and a multi-level protection component. Under normal navigation conditions, the entire device is positioned in the side area or important cabin area, with the airbag folded in a center-folding manner and placed in the starboard cabin. When there are other objects within a safe distance of the ship, including obstacles such as embankments, reefs, other ships, or bridge piers, the infrared rangefinder 1, in conjunction with the image acquisition sensor, sends the collision scene-related information to the central processor 5. When the processor predicts that this situation is a dangerous state where a collision is about to occur, it immediately activates the protection module in the predicted collision area. Before the collision, it sends an ignition signal to the gas generator to start the inflation and deployment of the composite airbag. During the buffering process, the outer large airbag releases energy through compression and vent holes, and the high-pressure gas tank in the multi-level protection component continuously supplies high-pressure gas to the side chambers of the large airbag. When the ballast is too large, the deeper the conical head 18 is inserted, the more gas is discharged from the gas tank, and the greater the pressure of the gas supplied to the connected side chamber 24, thus achieving dynamic replenishment of the internal pressure of the first-level protection side chamber. When the external large airbag 21 fails, the internal small airbag 22 absorbs energy through compression, providing secondary protection for the hull. Finally, when the internal small airbag 22 fails, the multi-stage protection system provides tertiary protection through powerful springs and high-pressure gas tanks, protecting the hull and other components of the equipment.
[0058] The following lists and explains this plan:
[0059] A high-value research vessel, equipped with valuable scientific research equipment, departs from port. Suddenly, an out-of-control cargo ship, fully loaded with cargo, appears and approaches the research vessel. Image acquisition sensors and infrared rangefinders have already collected information about the medium-sized cargo ship and sent it to the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU, upon processing the information and finding the cargo ship within a safe distance, immediately issues an alarm: "Collision hazard exists within the safe distance. Please correct your course and proceed with caution!" Prompted by the alarm, the research crew quickly adjusts their course and speed, takes protective measures, and evacuates from the danger zone. However, due to the immense inertia of the cargo ship's large load and the influence of inclement weather, the two ships continue to close in distance. In this situation, the image acquisition sensors, in conjunction with the infrared rangefinder, transmit information to the CPU regarding the relative position, relative speed, relative direction of travel, and height difference between the two ships, as well as environmental factors such as wave speed, wave height, and wave direction. The CPU first calculates the impending collision location, incorporating environmental factors into the calculation, transforming the potential collision area into a collision-risk zone. This activates multiple modules within the predicted area, putting them into a response and defense state.
[0060] Because the external large airbags have vents, premature or delayed release will affect their cushioning performance. Therefore, the central processing unit calculates the contact time of each protected area and converts it into the optimal ignition and inflation time. The composite airbag assembly expands under the inflation of high-pressure gas generated by the gas generator. In the first-level protection state, the external large airbags not only absorb energy through volume compression but also release energy through the vents. Simultaneously, during ballasting, the conical head of the load-bearing ring in the multi-level protection assembly inserts into the high-pressure gas tank. The flow rate of high-pressure gas output from the tank varies with the insertion depth, supplying gas to the adjacent side chambers until the gas output from the tank ends and the large airbags fail, thus ending the first-level protection. Subsequently, the internal small airbags in the middle chamber provide second-level protection for the research vessel through volume compression. If the small airbags fail due to ballasting or rupture, the second-level protection ends. The high-pressure gas tank, made of rubber, combined with strong springs, provides third-level protection for the hull, protecting the hull and other components within the equipment. This device achieves large-area, wide-range structural protection through multiple modules; its multi-level protection effectively prevents the airbag protection device from instantly failing due to excessive energy or sharp contact surfaces. By using multiple methods to buffer and absorb energy and providing multi-level protection for the hull structure, it continuously buffers the energy that could damage the hull, preventing severe deformation or even destruction of the hull structure and greatly reducing property loss.
[0061] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0062] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags, characterized in that... The system includes an air supply component, a composite airbag component, and an intelligent control component. The intelligent control component monitors potential collision objects within the ship's navigation area, predicts the impact area and time of impact, and sends an inflation command to the air supply component. The air supply component supplies air to the composite airbag component. The composite airbag component is used to resist external collisions with the ship's hull. The composite airbag component includes an external large airbag (21) and an internal small airbag (22). The internal small airbag (22) is located inside the external large airbag (21), which is divided into several chambers connected to each other through ventilation holes (25). The system also includes several multi-level protection components. These multi-level protection components are connected to the external large airbag (21) and can provide air to the external large airbag (21). The system replenishes gas and provides protection when the internal small airbag (22) fails to function. The multi-level protection assembly includes a high-pressure gas tank (19), a strong spring (20), and a support ring (17). The high-pressure gas tank (19) is mounted on the base (11), and the strong spring (20) is mounted above the high-pressure gas tank (19). The upper end of the strong spring (20) is provided with a support ring (17). A conical head (18) is provided on the support ring (17). Several small holes are provided on the conical head (18). During the compression process, when the conical head (18) is inserted into the high-pressure gas tank (19), the gas inside the high-pressure gas tank (19) enters the composite airbag assembly through the small holes on the conical head (18) and the side chamber inflation port (28).
2. The marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external air bladder (21) is divided into 5 chambers, including four side chambers (24) and a central chamber (23); the four side chambers (24) surround the central chamber (23), and the central chamber (23) is provided with an internal small air bladder (22); the external air bladder (21) is provided with annular vent holes.
3. The marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure gas storage tank (19) is made of rubber and has a frustum-shaped structure. The upper surface of the inside of the high-pressure gas storage tank (19) has a spiral structure. One end of the side chamber inflation port (28) is connected to the conical head (18), and the other end is connected to the composite airbag assembly.
4. The marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas supply assembly includes a gas generator, a gas delivery channel, a four-way connector (29), a central gas outlet (10), a gas outlet A (9a), and a gas outlet B (9b). The gas delivery channel divides the high-pressure gas into three paths through the four-way connector (29), which are connected to the central gas outlet (10), gas outlet A (9a), and gas outlet B (9b) respectively, to supply gas to the composite airbag assembly.
5. The marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central air outlet (10), air outlet A (9a) and air outlet B (9b) are all located on the base (11) inside the housing (6). The central air outlet (10) is used to supply air to the internal small airbag (22). The air outlet A (9a) and air outlet B (9b) are used to supply air to the external large airbag (21). The bottom of the composite airbag assembly is provided with four side chamber inflation ports (28), one large airbag inflation port (26) and one small airbag inflation port (27). The small airbag inflation port (27) is located inside the large airbag inflation port (26) and is connected to the central air outlet (10). The large airbag inflation port (26) is connected to the air outlet A (9a) and air outlet B (9b) on the base (11).
6. The marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control component is located on one side of the housing (6); the intelligent control component includes an image acquisition device (2), an infrared rangefinder (1), a central processing unit (5) and several wires (4); the wires (4) are used to connect the various components in the intelligent control component and to the gas supply component; the image acquisition device (2) is used to collect and identify potential collision objects in the surrounding area and sea condition information near the waters where the ship is located; the infrared rangefinder (1) works with the image acquisition sensor to send environmental information and obstacle information to the central processing unit (5), the central processing unit (5) initially calculates whether there is a collision hazard, and after calculating that there is a collision hazard, it calculates the impact position that the entire protected area of the device will be subjected to, and the moment when the position will come into contact with the collision object; the predicted collision information is converted into the ignition and gas supply time of the gas supply component.
7. The marine modular multi-stage protective device based on composite airbags according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Used on the side of a ship.