A worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of material conveying, and in particular to a worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment, comprising: a power mechanism for providing power to the tensioning device; a detection mechanism for detecting the properties of transported cargo and classifying the cargo according to the properties of the transported cargo; a tensioning mechanism for transmitting power to a conveyor belt by adopting a load adjustment strategy according to the classification of the cargo; a sensor mechanism for detecting the tension of the conveyor belt, the degree of positional deviation of the conveyor belt, and the degree of sagging of the conveyor belt; the present invention sets a power mechanism, a detection mechanism, a tensioning mechanism and a sensor mechanism, and under the mutual cooperation of the above mechanisms, the device of the present invention can adjust the working state of the tensioning structure in real time to cope with different types of transported cargo, thereby further improving the efficiency of transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material conveying, and in particular to a worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment. Background Art

[0002] As my country's industrial level continues to rise, material conveying technology is constantly updated and can convey various types of materials. The original conveying equipment has a single tensioning device, which is backward and causes low transportation efficiency. It is not enough to cope with the current various material transportation tasks. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a new tensioning device.

[0003] The commonly used tensioning device is the application publication number CN116692366A which discloses a scraper conveyor tail device and a scraper conveyor, which relates to the technical field of scraper conveyors. The scraper conveyor tail device includes a tail frame, a sliding mechanism, a sprocket shaft group, a condensate collection mechanism, a first sealing mechanism and a chain tightening mechanism, and a mounting port is provided on the tail frame; the sprocket shaft group is arranged on the sliding mechanism, the sprocket shaft group includes a scraper chain and a tail shaft group, and the scraper chain is connected to the tail shaft group; the condensate collection mechanism is used to collect the condensate generated in the channel; the chain tightening mechanism includes a worm gear reducer, the worm gear reducer is arranged at one end of the tail frame away from the sliding mechanism, and is connected to the tail shaft group, and the chain tightening mechanism is used to drive the tail shaft group to drive the guide sealing assembly to move in real time through the power of the worm gear reducer, and drive the scraper chain to be tensioned through the tail shaft group. The present application can realize convenient, fast and safe adjustment of the tension of the scraper chain, and collect and process the condensate at the same time.

[0004] However, when the above device is actually in operation, an urgent problem to be solved is that the same tensioning device can only be applied to a single, simple working condition, and it is impossible to detect the working state of the conveyor belt in time and adjust the working state of the tensioning device in real time. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment, which is used to overcome the problem that the tensioning device in the prior art cannot detect the working status of the conveyor belt in time and cannot adjust the working status of the tensioning device in real time, resulting in the inability to adapt to the shape of the raw materials during transportation, thereby reducing the transportation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment, comprising:

[0007] A power mechanism, which is used to provide power to the tensioning device;

[0008] A detection mechanism, which is arranged on the conveyor belt and is used to detect the properties of the transported cargo and classify the cargo according to the properties of the transported cargo;

[0009] A tensioning mechanism connected to the power mechanism, the detection mechanism and the conveyor belt, for transmitting power to the conveyor belt by adopting a load adjustment strategy according to the classification of the cargo;

[0010] A sensing mechanism connected to the tensioning mechanism and the conveyor belt, for detecting the tension of the conveyor belt, the position deviation degree of the conveyor belt, and the sagging degree of the conveyor belt;

[0011] Wherein, the power mechanism is driven by an independent power.

[0012] Furthermore, the sensing mechanism comprises:

[0013] A pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and transmit the pressure information to the tensioning mechanism;

[0014] A position sensor, which is used to detect the relative position of the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and transmit the position information to the tensioning mechanism;

[0015] The sag sensor is used to detect the sag between the cargo and the conveyor belt and transmit the sag information to the tensioning mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the inspection mechanism classifies the transport cargo according to the quality, appearance and hardness of the transport cargo:

[0017] Wherein, the mass of the transported cargo is based on the corresponding center of gravity of the transported cargo placed on the conveyor belt;

[0018] The appearance of the transport load is related to the way it is loaded;

[0019] The hardness of the transported cargo is positively correlated with its corresponding wear resistance.

[0020] Furthermore, the tensioning mechanism comprises:

[0021] The conveyor belt reversing wheel is used to press the conveyor belt and change the running direction of the conveyor belt;

[0022] A worm gear, which is used to connect the power mechanism and provide power to the tensioning mechanism as an active component;

[0023] A worm wheel connected to the worm as a driven member for reducing speed and transmitting power to the conveyor belt;

[0024] The cooler is connected to the worm wheel and the worm gear and is used to cool the heat generated by the side sliding between the worm wheel and the worm gear.

[0025] Furthermore, the load adjustment strategy is:

[0026] According to the classification of the cargo, suitable worm wheels, worm shafts and coolers are used to work in combination, and the conveyor belt is maintained to work within a preset pressure area, a preset working area and a preset sag area.

[0027] Furthermore, during conveying, the tensioning mechanism makes a judgment based on the conveyor belt pressure between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel to determine the running state of the conveyor belt;

[0028] Wherein, the tensioning mechanism is provided with a minimum working pressure and a maximum working pressure.

[0029] If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum working pressure and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the operating state of the conveyor belt is a normal working condition;

[0030] If the conveyor belt pressure is less than the minimum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the conveyor belt is in a loose state;

[0031] If the conveyor belt pressure is greater than the maximum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the operating state of the conveyor belt is a critical collapse condition;

[0032] Among them, the normal working condition is that the conveyor belt can operate normally under standard power, the relaxation working condition is that the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel are in a detached state, and the critical fracture working condition is that the conveyor belt reaches the elastic limit.

[0033] Furthermore, the tensioning mechanism adjusts the working area of ​​the conveyor belt under the normal working condition, and the working area is an area where the distance between the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is less than a preset maximum distance;

[0034] If the tensioning mechanism is under the normal working condition, the distance between the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is greater than the preset maximum distance, and the conveyor belt deviates, the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure need to be adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure.

[0035] If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure, the operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable operating condition.

[0036] Furthermore, the tensioning mechanism adjusts the sag area of ​​the conveyor belt under the stable working condition, and the sag area is an area where the distance between the highest point of the conveyor belt and the roller arranged thereunder is less than a preset limit distance;

[0037] If the tensioning mechanism is under the stable working condition, the distance between the conveyor belt and the roller is greater than the preset limit distance, and the conveyor belt rolls up, the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure need to be adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure.

[0038] If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure, and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure, the operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable working condition.

[0039] Furthermore, the sag area adjusts the normal working condition, and the conveyor belt uses different sag areas to adjust the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure;

[0040] Wherein, if the first sag region is adopted, the minimum working pressure is correspondingly reduced;

[0041] If the second sag zone is adopted, the maximum working pressure is increased accordingly;

[0042] The first sag area is where the sag of the conveyor belt is greater than a preset sag;

[0043] The second sag area is where the sag of the conveyor belt is less than a preset sag;

[0044] Further, the pressure sensor is divided into a longitudinal pressure sensor and a transverse pressure sensor, wherein the transverse sensor is arranged horizontally, and the longitudinal pressure sensor and the transverse pressure sensor are arranged vertically;

[0045] The position sensors are respectively arranged at the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel;

[0046] The sag sensors are arranged between the conveyor belt and the roller at a preset distance;

[0047] The preset distance is related to the overall length of the conveyor belt.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that by setting a power mechanism, a detection mechanism, a tensioning mechanism and a sensor mechanism, with the mutual cooperation of the above mechanisms, the device of the present invention can adjust the working state of the tensioning structure in real time to cope with different types of transport cargo, thereby improving the efficiency of transportation.

[0049] Furthermore, in the detection mechanism, the transported cargo can be classified, and different tensioning mechanisms can be used according to different classifications of cargo to transport multiple types of cargo. This is suitable for transportation under different working conditions, and improves the problem that traditional conveying equipment only has a single tensioning structure and can only transport one type or one category of cargo, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of transportation.

[0050] Furthermore, in the tensioning mechanism, the staggered helical gear unit used in the traditional tensioning mechanism is changed to a worm gear and worm multi-tooth meshing transmission, which is more compact than the staggered helical gear unit, can obtain a larger transmission ratio, has smooth transmission and low noise, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of transportation.

[0051] Furthermore, a worm and worm wheel transmission is adopted, which has self-locking property. When the lead angle of the worm is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the nickel and the gear, the mechanism has self-locking property, that is, only the worm can drive the worm wheel, and the worm wheel cannot drive the worm, which plays a safety protection role. Compared with the traditional tensioning device, there is no need to set up an additional safety protection mechanism, which saves the transportation cost and effectively improves the transportation efficiency.

[0052] Furthermore, a condenser is provided in the tensioning structure, which can cool the large amount of heat generated by the worm and worm wheel due to the high relative sliding speed and severe friction, effectively improve the friction reduction of the worm wheel and worm, slow down wear, avoid gluing, save transportation costs, and thus effectively improve transportation efficiency.

[0053] Furthermore, in the sensing mechanism, the pressure sensor, position sensor, and sag sensor can transmit their sensing information to the tensioning mechanism, adjust the working state of the tensioning mechanism in real time, and change the single, fixed working mode in the traditional tensioning mechanism. It is suitable for the transportation of various types of cargo, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the worm gear tensioning device of the conveying equipment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tensioning mechanism and the conveyor belt of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pressure sensor and the position sensor of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sag sensor of the present invention;

[0058] Among them, there are worm gear 1, conveyor belt reversing wheel 2, conveyor belt 3, position sensor 4, lateral pressure sensor 5, longitudinal pressure sensor 6, position sensor 7, and roller 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0062] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0063] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the worm gear tensioning device of the conveying equipment of the present invention, which is mainly composed of a power mechanism, a detection mechanism, a tensioning mechanism, and a sensor mechanism:

[0064] A power mechanism, which is used to provide power to the tensioning device;

[0065] A detection mechanism is provided on the conveyor belt to detect the properties of the transported cargo and classify the cargo according to the properties of the transported cargo;

[0066] A tensioning mechanism connected to the power mechanism, the detection mechanism and the conveyor belt, for transmitting power to the conveyor belt by adopting a load adjustment strategy according to the classification of the cargo;

[0067] A sensing mechanism, which is connected to the tensioning mechanism and the conveyor belt, and is used to detect the tension of the conveyor belt, the position deviation degree of the conveyor belt, and the sagging degree of the conveyor belt;

[0068] Among them, the power mechanism is driven by an independent power.

[0069] The present invention sets a power mechanism, a detection mechanism, a tensioning mechanism and a sensor mechanism. With the cooperation of the above mechanisms, the device of the present invention can adjust the working state of the tensioning structure in real time to cope with different types of transport cargo, thereby further improving the efficiency of transportation.

[0070] In the detection mechanism, the transported cargo can be classified. Different tensioning mechanisms can be used according to different classifications of cargo to transport multiple types of cargo. This is suitable for transportation under different working conditions, improving the problem that traditional conveying equipment has only a single tensioning structure and can only transport one type or one category of cargo, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of transportation.

[0071] The sensing mechanism includes:

[0072] A pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and transmit the pressure information to the tensioning mechanism;

[0073] A position sensor, which is used to detect the relative position of the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and transmit the position information to the tensioning mechanism;

[0074] The sag sensor is used to detect the sag between the cargo and the conveyor belt and transmit the sag information to the tensioning mechanism.

[0075] The testing agency classifies the transport cargo according to its quality, appearance and hardness:

[0076] The mass of the transported cargo is based on the center of gravity of the transported cargo placed on the conveyor belt;

[0077] The appearance of a transport load is related to the way it is loaded;

[0078] The hardness of the transported cargo is positively correlated with its corresponding wear resistance.

[0079] See also Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the tensioning mechanism and the conveyor belt of the present invention;

[0080] The tensioning mechanism includes:

[0081] The conveyor belt reversing wheel 3 is used to press the conveyor belt and change the running direction of the conveyor belt;

[0082] A worm gear is used to connect the power mechanism and provide power to the tensioning mechanism as an active component;

[0083] The worm wheel is connected to the worm and acts as a driven part to reduce speed and transmit power to the conveyor belt;

[0084] The cooler is connected to the worm wheel and the worm gear and is used to cool the heat generated by the side sliding between the worm wheel and the worm gear.

[0085] In the tensioning mechanism, the staggered helical gear unit used in the traditional tensioning mechanism is changed to a worm gear and worm multi-tooth meshing transmission, which is more compact than the staggered helical gear unit, can obtain a larger transmission ratio, has smooth transmission, low noise, and effectively improves the transportation efficiency.

[0086] The worm and worm wheel transmission is self-locking. When the lead angle of the worm is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the nickel and the gear, the mechanism is self-locking, that is, only the worm can drive the worm wheel, and the worm wheel cannot drive the worm, which plays a safety protection role. Compared with the traditional tensioning device, there is no need to set up additional safety protection mechanism, which saves transportation costs and effectively improves transportation efficiency.

[0087] In the tensioning structure, a condenser is provided, which can cool down the large amount of heat generated by the worm and worm wheel due to the high relative sliding speed and severe friction, effectively improve the friction reduction of the worm wheel and worm, slow down wear, avoid gluing, save transportation costs, and effectively improve transportation efficiency.

[0088] The load adjustment strategy is:

[0089] According to the classification of cargo, suitable worm gears, worm shafts and coolers are used in combination to maintain the conveyor belt working within the preset pressure area, preset working area and preset sag area.

[0090] In implementation:

[0091] Transport cargo can be classified into heavy-mass cargo and light-mass cargo by mass; into bulk cargo and piece cargo by shape; and into high-hardness cargo and low-hardness cargo by wear resistance.

[0092] The transport cargo type is miscellaneous, light-weight, and high-hardness cargo; the power mechanism is 200KW; the polyurethane (PU) conveyor belt is used, the width of the conveyor belt is 2m, and the length is 10m; the width of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is 2.6m; a double-tooth worm gear is used; the cooler is a BRV water cooler; the minimum working pressure is set to 2KN, and the maximum working pressure is 5KN; the preset working area is ±0.02cm; the preset sag area is 0.2cm;

[0093] The transport cargo type is bulk, large mass, low hardness cargo; the power mechanism is 1000KW; the polyolefin (PE) conveyor belt is used, the width of the conveyor belt is 4m, and the length is 12m; the width of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is 6m; a multi-tooth worm gear is used; the cooler is a BRV type water cooler; the minimum working pressure is set to 8KN, and the maximum working pressure is 20KN; the preset working area is ±0.05cm; the preset sag area is 0.5cm.

[0094] The minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure are related to the material of the conveyor belt, the working temperature of the conveyor belt, and the friction between the transported cargo and the conveyor belt.

[0095] During conveying, the tensioning mechanism determines the conveyor belt's operating status based on the conveyor belt pressure between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel;

[0096] Among them, the tensioning mechanism is provided with a minimum working pressure and a maximum working pressure.

[0097] If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum working pressure and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the conveyor belt is in normal working condition;

[0098] If the conveyor belt pressure is less than the minimum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the conveyor belt is in a loose condition;

[0099] If the conveyor belt pressure is greater than the maximum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the conveyor belt is in a critical collapse condition;

[0100] Among them, the normal working condition is that the conveyor belt can operate normally under standard power, the relaxation working condition is that the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel are in a detached state, and the critical fracture condition is that the conveyor belt reaches the elastic limit.

[0101] The tensioning mechanism adjusts the working area of ​​the conveyor belt under normal working conditions. The working area is the area where the distance between the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is less than the preset maximum distance;

[0102] If the distance between the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is greater than the preset maximum distance under normal working conditions of the tensioning mechanism, the conveyor belt will deviate. At this time, the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure need to be adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure.

[0103] If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure, the operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable condition.

[0104] In implementation:

[0105] The minimum working pressure of a certain transport cargo is 2KN, the maximum working pressure is 5KN, the preset working area is ±0.01cm, the required minimum stable pressure is 3KN, and the maximum stable pressure is 4.5KN. Therefore, the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure are adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure. The conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure of 3KN, and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure of 4.5KN. The operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable working condition.

[0106] The tensioning mechanism adjusts the sag area of ​​the conveyor belt under stable working conditions. The sag area is the area where the distance between the conveyor belt and the highest point of the roller arranged below it is less than the preset limit distance.

[0107] If the tensioning mechanism is under stable working conditions, the distance between the conveyor belt and the roller is greater than the preset limit distance, and the conveyor belt rolls up, the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure need to be adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure.

[0108] If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure, the operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable condition.

[0109] In implementation:

[0110] The minimum stable pressure of a certain transport cargo is 3KN, the maximum stable pressure is 4.5KN, the preset sag area is 0.1cm, the required minimum stable pressure is 3.5KN, and the maximum stable pressure is 4KN. Therefore, the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure are adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure, the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure of 3.5KN, and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure of 4KN, then the operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable working condition.

[0111] In implementation:

[0112] The worm gear is connected to the conveyor belt reversing wheel through the hemp ropes on both sides. A differential can be added to the tensioning device to achieve the connection of the hemp ropes on both sides with the conveyor belt reversing wheel under different tensions, thereby adjusting the working area of ​​the conveyor belt.

[0113] The sag area is used to adjust the normal working conditions, and the conveyor belt uses different sag areas to adjust the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure;

[0114] Wherein, if the first sag region is adopted, the minimum working pressure is correspondingly reduced;

[0115] If the second sag zone is adopted, the maximum working pressure is increased accordingly;

[0116] The first sag area is where the sag of the conveyor belt is greater than a preset sag;

[0117] The second sag area is where the sag of the conveyor belt is less than the preset sag;

[0118] In implementation:

[0119] The vertical area of ​​a certain transport cargo is 0.2cm, the minimum working pressure is 2KN, and the maximum working pressure is 5KN. If the first vertical area is 0.3cm, the minimum working pressure is adjusted to 1KN and the maximum working pressure is 4KN. If the second vertical area is 0.1cm, the minimum working pressure is adjusted to 3KN and the maximum working pressure is 7KN.

[0120] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pressure sensor, position sensor and sag sensor of the present invention;

[0121] The pressure sensor is divided into a longitudinal pressure sensor 6 and a transverse pressure sensor 5, wherein the transverse sensor 5 is arranged horizontally, and the longitudinal pressure sensor 6 and the transverse pressure sensor 5 are arranged vertically;

[0122] The position sensors 4 are respectively arranged at the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel;

[0123] The sag sensor 7 is arranged between the conveyor belt and the roller 8 at a preset distance;

[0124] The preset distance is related to the overall length of the conveyor belt.

[0125] In the sensing mechanism, the pressure sensor, position sensor, and sag sensor can transmit their sensing information to the tensioning mechanism, adjust the working state of the tensioning mechanism in real time, and change the single and fixed working mode of the traditional tensioning mechanism. It is suitable for the transportation of various types of cargo and effectively improves the efficiency of transportation.

[0126] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0127] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment, characterized in that: It is used to tension the corresponding conveyor belt, including: A power mechanism, which is used to provide power to the tensioning device; A detection mechanism, which is arranged on the conveyor belt and is used to detect the properties of the transported cargo and classify the cargo according to the properties of the transported cargo; A tensioning mechanism connected to the power mechanism, the detection mechanism and the conveyor belt, for transmitting power to the conveyor belt by adopting a load adjustment strategy according to the classification of the cargo; A sensing mechanism connected to the tensioning mechanism and the conveyor belt, for detecting the tension of the conveyor belt, the position deviation degree of the conveyor belt, and the sagging degree of the conveyor belt; Wherein, the sensing mechanism comprises: A pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and transmit the pressure information to the tensioning mechanism; A position sensor, which is used to detect the relative position of the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and transmit the position information to the tensioning mechanism; A sag sensor, which is used to detect the sag between the cargo and the conveyor belt and transmit the sag information to the tensioning mechanism; The inspection agency classifies the transport cargo according to its quality, appearance and hardness: The mass of the transported cargo is based on the corresponding center of gravity of the transported cargo placed on the conveyor belt; The manner in which the transport load is loaded is related to its appearance; The hardness of the transported cargo is positively correlated with the wear resistance of its material; The load adjustment strategy is: according to the classification of the cargo, a suitable worm gear, worm and cooler are used to work in combination, and the conveyor belt is maintained to work within a preset pressure area, a preset working area and a preset sag area; During conveying, the tensioning mechanism determines the conveyor belt operating state according to the conveyor belt pressure between the conveyor belt and the conveyor belt reversing wheel; Wherein, the tensioning mechanism is provided with a minimum working pressure and a maximum working pressure. If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum working pressure and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the operating state of the conveyor belt is a normal working condition; If the conveyor belt pressure is less than the minimum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the conveyor belt is in a loose state; If the conveyor belt pressure is greater than the maximum working pressure, the tensioning mechanism determines that the operating state of the conveyor belt is a critical collapse condition; The normal working condition is that the conveyor belt can operate normally under standard power, the loose working condition is that the conveyor belt is separated from the conveyor belt reversing wheel, and the critical breaking working condition is that the conveyor belt reaches the elastic limit; The tensioning mechanism adjusts the working area of ​​the conveyor belt under the normal working condition, and the working area is an area where the distance between the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is less than a preset maximum distance; If the distance between the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel is greater than the preset maximum distance under the normal working condition of the tensioning mechanism, the conveyor belt deviates, and the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure need to be adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure; If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure, and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure, the operating state of the conveyor belt is a stable operating condition; The tensioning mechanism adjusts the sag area of ​​the conveyor belt under the stable working condition, and the sag area is an area where the distance between the highest point of the conveyor belt and the roller arranged thereunder is less than a preset limit distance; If the tensioning mechanism is in the stable working condition, the distance between the conveyor belt and the roller is less than the preset limit distance, and the conveyor belt is rolled up, the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure need to be adjusted to the minimum stable pressure and the maximum stable pressure; If the conveyor belt pressure is not less than the minimum stable pressure, and the conveyor belt pressure is not greater than the maximum stable pressure, the running state of the conveyor belt is a stable working state; The pressure sensor is divided into a longitudinal pressure sensor and a transverse pressure sensor, wherein the transverse sensor is arranged horizontally, and the longitudinal pressure sensor and the transverse pressure sensor are arranged vertically; The position sensors are respectively arranged at the center of the conveyor belt and the center of the conveyor belt reversing wheel; The sag sensors are arranged between the conveyor belt and the roller at a preset distance; Wherein, the preset distance is related to the overall length of the conveyor belt.

2. A worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism comprises: The conveyor belt reversing wheel is used to press the conveyor belt and change the running direction of the conveyor belt; A worm, which is connected to the power mechanism and is used to provide power to the tensioning mechanism; A worm wheel connected to the worm gear for transmitting power to the conveyor belt; The cooler is connected to the worm wheel and the worm gear and is used to cool the heat generated by the side sliding between the worm wheel and the worm gear.

3. A worm gear tensioning device for conveying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sag area is used to adjust the normal working condition, and the conveyor belt uses different sag areas to adjust the minimum working pressure and the maximum working pressure; Wherein, if the first sag region is adopted, the minimum working pressure is correspondingly reduced; If the second sag zone is adopted, the maximum working pressure is increased accordingly; The first sag area is where the sag of the conveyor belt is greater than a preset sag; The second sag area is where the sag of the conveyor belt is less than a preset sag.

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