A large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary equipment and drilling and reaming method

Abstract

The present invention provides a large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary equipment and a drilling and reaming method, which relates to the technical field of diesel generator set devices, including a fixing plate, a positioning plate, a corresponding rod, a positioning hole, a positioning rod, an auxiliary ring and an auxiliary rod; a fixing hole is provided on the rear surface of the fixing plate, the fixing hole is connected to the bolt on the main engine, the right surface of the fixing plate is connected to the left surface of the positioning plate, a positioning hole is provided in the vertical direction of the positioning plate, the positioning hole is connected to the positioning rod, the lower end of the corresponding rod is connected to the top of the air drill, the upper end of the corresponding rod is opposite to the lower end of the positioning rod, the axis of the fixing hole is horizontal to the positioning plate, and the axis of the positioning hole is parallel to the fixing plate. The present invention achieves the purpose of preventing offset during processing and enabling the shock absorber assembly to work normally by setting a positioning rod and a corresponding rod, designing through mechanical structure principles, and adopting a shape limitation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of diesel generator set devices, and in particular to a large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device and a drilling and reaming method. Background Art

[0002] The diesel main generator set is an important component of a diesel locomotive. Proper installation of the diesel main generator set affects the safe operation of the locomotive. Dowel pin installation is crucial for proper installation of the diesel main generator set, and the large diameter of the dowel pin hole determines the quality of the dowel pin installation.

[0003] Large-diameter holes refer to holes larger than 10mm that cannot be drilled using ordinary manual drilling tools. The existing drilling and reaming method for locating pin holes in diesel engine main generator sets uses a handheld pneumatic drill that is manually operated for large-diameter drilling and reaming. However, the existing drilling and reaming method has certain shortcomings:

[0004] 1. During the drilling and reaming process, the air drill has no fixed support and is prone to tilting, causing the positioning pin hole to become an elliptical hole or a hole larger than the required size, and the pin hole accuracy cannot be guaranteed;

[0005] 2. During the drilling and reaming process, when the drill reamer is not perpendicular to the installation surface, it is difficult to find and adjust in time;

[0006] 3. The operator needs to spend a lot of effort to hold the air drill, and the labor intensity is high;

[0007] 4. The drill reamer is easy to wear, and the hole depth cannot be judged by the position marked on the drill reamer. It is necessary to take out the air drill multiple times to measure the drilling and reaming depth, which reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In response to the above technical problem of inaccurate positioning of the existing drilling and reaming method for the positioning pin holes of the main diesel engine unit, a large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device and drilling and reaming method are provided. The present invention mainly uses a laser sighting pen for positioning, thereby achieving the effect of accurately positioning the drilled and reamed holes.

[0009] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0010] A large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device comprises a fixing plate, a positioning plate, a corresponding rod, a positioning hole and a positioning rod;

[0011] A fixing hole is provided on the rear surface of the fixing plate, and the fixing hole is connected to the bolt on the main engine. The right surface of the fixing plate is connected to the left surface of the positioning plate. A positioning hole is provided in the vertical direction of the positioning plate, and the positioning hole is connected to the positioning rod. The lower end of the corresponding rod is connected to the top of the air drill, and the upper end of the corresponding rod is opposite to the lower end of the positioning rod. The axis of the fixing hole is horizontal to the positioning plate, and the axis of the positioning hole is parallel to the fixing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the positioning rod is connected to the connecting cover, the upper end of the connecting cover is fixedly connected to an auxiliary ring, and an auxiliary rod is transversely provided in the auxiliary ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the corresponding rod is a conical protrusion that converges from bottom to top, and the lower end of the positioning rod is a conical groove that converges from bottom to top, and the conical protrusion is adapted to the conical groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the top end of the corresponding rod is connected to a positioning cylinder that is open upward, and the bottom end of the positioning rod is inserted into the positioning cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a shock-absorbing cavity is provided at the lower end of the positioning rod, a shock-absorbing spring is provided in the shock-absorbing cavity, a shock-absorbing ball is connected to the lower end of the shock-absorbing spring, and the lower end of the shock-absorbing ball abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, when an impact occurs, the shock-absorbing ball acts as the main impact-receiving ball. When the shock-absorbing ball is subjected to an impact, it converts the impact energy into the elastic potential energy of the shock-absorbing spring by compressing the shock-absorbing spring, thereby absorbing the energy of the impact. Then, the elastic potential energy is released, causing the shock-absorbing ball to return to its initial position, completing a single shock absorption.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of laser sighting pens are arranged around the positioning hole on the lower surface of the positioning plate, so that the laser sighting pens emit lasers downwards and converge into laser points, and the positioning hole longitudinally and axially passes through the laser points.

[0018] Furthermore, a limiting groove is longitudinally opened on the side of the fixing plate, a limiting block is slidably connected in the limiting groove, the side of the limiting block is connected to one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the fixing buckle, and the fixing buckle is buckled on the air drill.

[0019] Furthermore, scale lines of different specifications are respectively provided on both sides of the limiting groove, and a bidirectional pointer pointing to the scale lines is provided on the limiting block.

[0020] The present invention further provides a drilling and reaming method of a large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device, which is implemented based on any of the above-mentioned large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary devices, and includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Remove the nuts on the main engine to expose the bolts on the main engine;

[0022] S2. Place the bolt into the fixing hole and turn on the laser sight pen so that the light emitted by multiple laser sight pen points together to form a laser point. The position indicated by the laser point is the drilling and reaming position.

[0023] S3. Place the air drill at the laser point. The laser aiming pen forms an inclined light spot on the drill rod of the air drill. When the length of each light spot is equal, the air drill is placed in a vertical position.

[0024] S4. Place the positioning rod into the positioning hole and execute S4.1 or S4.2.

[0025] S4.1. The lower end of the positioning rod abuts against the upper end of the corresponding rod;

[0026] S4.2. Twist the positioning rod into the positioning hole. Insert the positioning rod into the positioning cylinder. The damping ball at the end of the positioning rod abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning cylinder.

[0027] S5. Fasten the fixing buckle to the air drill, place the limit block into the limit slot, align the pointer on the limit block with the scale lines on both sides of the limit slot, and record the scale alignment position;

[0028] S6. Insert the auxiliary rod into the auxiliary ring;

[0029] S7, start the air drill;

[0030] S8. During the drilling and reaming process of the pneumatic drill, the auxiliary ring is rotated by rotating the auxiliary rod, and the rotation of the auxiliary ring drives the positioning rod to press down the corresponding rod, so that the pneumatic drill obtains the feed amount, and the feed amount is displayed on the length of the scale line where the pointer slides;

[0031] S8.1. During the machining process, if the light spots formed by the five laser sights change and one of the light spots suddenly becomes longer than the other four, adjust the air drill in the direction of the changed light spot. During the machining process, keep the five light spots of equal length and width.

[0032] S9. When the drilling and reaming depth reaches the requirement, after the drilling and reaming is completed, first remove the positioning rod by rotating it, then remove the fixing plate, and then directly drive the air drill to remove the remaining parts together to complete the drilling and reaming.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] The present invention utilizes an auxiliary ring and auxiliary rod to facilitate downward feed of the pneumatic drill. The damping assembly provided between the corresponding rod and the positioning rod provides significant damping effectiveness and rapid response time. The spring's damping deformation and reduced space requirements make it more effective and economical than conventional damping systems using rubber pads or hydraulic pressure. The design using damping springs and damping balls is intuitive, comprehensive, and significantly progressive and creative.

[0035] This invention employs several laser sights. Based on the principle of rectilinear light propagation, five laser sights directly encounter a non-perpendicular pneumatic drill, creating multiple irregular light spots. These light spots can be used to quickly and accurately determine the drill's status and direct it to adjust its direction. Using light for positioning is novel and innovative.

[0036] The present invention provides a limit groove and a limit block to limit the horizontal direction of the air drill, preventing the air drill from tilting left or right, thereby further improving processing accuracy. The scale lines set on both sides of the limit groove can clearly show the depth of the drill hole. The coarse scale line is more obvious and can intuitively reflect the depth of the drill hole when the drilling and reaming depth requirement is not high. The fine scale line can provide a corresponding more precise scale line, eliminating the operator's step of checking after drilling and reaming.

[0037] Since the processing of the air drill can be stopped at any time, as long as the air drill is not in the processing process, there will be no horizontal deviation, and the slight vertical vibration can be calibrated by the scale line. Therefore, through the fixed connection of the fixed buckle and the limit block, the potential energy of the horizontal displacement of the air drill is rigidly absorbed, thereby ensuring the high precision of the air drill in the horizontal direction, thereby improving the processing quality of the air drill and reducing the number of rework times for the operator.

[0038] The fixing method of the fixing plate enables the entire device to be removed synchronously with the air drill during disassembly, thereby improving the efficiency of disassembly, simplifying the use steps of the device, and improving the convenience of using the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0040] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning tube of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the shock absorbing assembly of the positioning cylinder of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the positioning plate of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is the front view of the laser sight pen of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the limiting groove and limiting block of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the limit groove scale of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 1. Fixing plate; 2. Positioning plate; 3. Corresponding rod; 4. Positioning hole; 5. Positioning rod; 6. Air drill; 7. Connecting cover; 8. Auxiliary ring; 9. Auxiliary rod; 10. Positioning cylinder; 11. Shock-absorbing spring; 12. Shock-absorbing ball; 13. Laser sight pen; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Limiting block; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Fixing buckle; 18. Scale line; 19. Bidirectional pointer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0051] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0053] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0054] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 1-7As shown, the present invention provides a large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device, which is characterized by comprising a fixing plate 1, a positioning plate 2, a corresponding rod 3, a positioning hole 4 and a positioning rod 5;

[0056] A fixing hole is provided on the rear surface of the fixing plate 1, and the fixing hole is connected to the bolt on the main engine. The right surface of the fixing plate 1 is connected to the left surface of the positioning plate 2. A positioning hole 4 is provided in the vertical direction of the positioning plate 2, and the positioning hole 4 is connected to the positioning rod 5. The lower end of the corresponding rod 3 is connected to the top of the pneumatic drill 6, and the upper end of the corresponding rod 3 is opposite to the lower end of the positioning rod 5. The axis of the fixing hole is horizontal to the positioning plate 2, and the axis of the positioning hole 4 is parallel to the fixing plate 1.

[0057] Use the bolts of the main generator to assemble the pneumatic drill 6 support fixture to the main generator, with the positioning plate 2 perpendicular to the fixing plate 1.

[0058] The upper end of the positioning rod 5 is connected to the connecting cover 7. The upper end of the connecting cover 7 is fixedly connected to an auxiliary ring 8. An auxiliary rod 9 is transversely provided through the auxiliary ring 8 to facilitate the operator to feed the air drill 6 downward.

[0059] In the present invention, there are three solutions for the cooperation between the positioning rod 5 and the corresponding rod 3.

[0060] A. A positioning assembly is provided between the positioning rod 5 and the corresponding rod 3: the top end of the corresponding rod 3 is conical, a conical positioning groove is provided in the positioning rod 5, and the end of the corresponding rod 3 is inserted into the positioning groove.

[0061] The shape of the positioning groove and the corresponding rod 3 end can facilitate the operator to stand up the air drill 6, prevent the air drill 6 from drilling an inclined hole, improve the accuracy of the corner hole of the air drill 6, and maintain good verticality of the completed hole.

[0062] B. Parallel solution of the limiting assembly between the positioning rod 5 and the positioning cylinder 10: the top end of the corresponding rod 3 is fixedly connected to the positioning cylinder 10, and the positioning rod 5 is inserted into the positioning cylinder 10.

[0063] Compared to the positioning groove design, the positioning cylinder 10, as a parallel solution to the positioning groove, has a more clearly defined limiting effect. Moreover, since the pneumatic drill 6 itself generates a certain amplitude during operation, the positioning cylinder 10 can absorb this vibration through its own hardness, ensuring the accuracy of the positioning of the pneumatic drill 6, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the pneumatic drill 6, reducing the impact of the vibration generated by the pneumatic drill 6 on the final hole quality, and reducing the maintenance rate. Furthermore, the shape of the positioning cylinder 10 can be designed to be triangular, diamond, square, etc. according to the processing accuracy, and the shape of the positioning rod 5 can be matched with the shape of the positioning cylinder 110.

[0064] C. Shock-absorbing assembly between the positioning rod 5 and the positioning cylinder 10: The positioning rod 5 is inserted into the end of the positioning cylinder 10 to form a shock-absorbing cavity, a shock-absorbing ball 12 is clamped at the mouth of the shock-absorbing cavity, a shock-absorbing spring 11 is fixedly connected in the shock-absorbing cavity, the shock-absorbing spring 11 is fixedly connected to the shock-absorbing ball 12, and the shock-absorbing ball 12 abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning cylinder 10.

[0065] During the processing of the pneumatic drill 6, the pneumatic drill 6 will vibrate in the vertical direction. After the vibration is transmitted to the shock-absorbing ball 12, the shock-absorbing ball 12 can absorb the vibration through the fixedly connected shock-absorbing spring 11, thereby reducing the vertical vibration that causes the auxiliary equipment to separate from the pneumatic drill 6, thereby ensuring the stability of the auxiliary equipment.

[0066] When an impact occurs, the shock-absorbing ball 12 serves as the primary impact-receiving sphere. When subjected to the impact, the shock-absorbing ball 12 converts the impact energy into the elastic potential energy of the shock-absorbing spring 11 by compressing the shock-absorbing spring 11, thereby absorbing the impact energy. The elastic potential energy is then released, allowing the shock-absorbing ball 12 to return to its initial position, completing a single shock absorption. This type of shock absorption is effective, has a quick response time, and the spring's shock-absorbing deformation and small space usage make it more effective and economical than previous shock absorption systems using rubber pads or oil pressure. The design using the shock-absorbing spring 11 and shock-absorbing ball 12 is more intuitive, comprehensive, and significantly progressive and creative.

[0067] Several laser sights 13 are positioned around the positioning hole 4 on the lower surface of the positioning plate 2. Lasers emitted downward from the laser sights 13 converge into a laser spot, which axially extends through the positioning hole 4. Due to the principle of rectilinear propagation of light, when the five lasers directly encounter the non-vertical pneumatic drill 6, they are blocked, resulting in multiple irregular light spots. These light spots allow for quick and accurate detection of the pneumatic drill 6's status and guidance for adjusting its direction. Using light for positioning is novel and innovative.

[0068] First, the provision of the laser sight pen 13 provides the operator with clear drilling and reaming position indication before actual drilling and reaming, enabling the operator to clearly and precisely determine the drilling and reaming position, facilitating the operator's positioning. Second, during the machining process, since the laser sight pen 13 forms an oblique, long light spot on the air drill 6, the light spot is not affected by the rotation of the air drill, maintaining a stable imaging effect. When the air drill 6 tilts, the light spots formed by the five laser sight pen 13 change, resulting in differences in the five elliptical light spots of originally equal length and width. This not only provides a timely warning to the operator of any problems with the machining state of the air drill 6, allowing for timely adjustments, but also enables the operator to quickly and accurately adjust the air drill based on the changes in the light spot, saving the operator considerable time in alignment and correction, thereby improving the operator's machining efficiency.

[0069] A limit slot 14 is defined on the side of the fixing plate 1, parallel to the positioning rod 5. A limit block 15 is embedded in the limit slot 14, sliding within the limit slot 14. Both ends of the limit slot 14 are open. A connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the limit block 15. One end of the connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the limit block 15, and the other end is fixedly connected to a square fixing clip 17, which snaps onto the air drill 6. The provision of the limit slot 14 restricts the horizontal position of the air drill 6, preventing it from tilting left or right, thereby further improving machining accuracy.

[0070] Scale lines 18 of varying sizes are provided on either side of the limit slot 14: the left line is a coarse scale line, and the right line is a fine scale line. A bidirectional pointer 19 is provided on the limit block 15, pointing to the scale lines 18. These scale lines 18 clearly indicate the depth of the drilled or reamed hole. The coarse scale lines are more visible, providing a more intuitive indication of the desired depth when the required depth is not high. The fine scale lines provide a more precise indication, eliminating the need for post-drilling inspection.

[0071] The present invention also provides a drilling and reaming method of a drilling and reaming auxiliary device for large-diameter holes, which is implemented based on a drilling and reaming auxiliary device for large-diameter holes and includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Remove the nuts on the main engine to expose the bolts on the main engine;

[0073] S2. Place the bolt into the fixing hole and turn on the laser sight pen 13 so that the light emitted by multiple laser sight pen 13 converges into a laser point. The position displayed by the laser point is the drilling and reaming position;

[0074] S3, placing the pneumatic drill 6 at the laser point, and the laser sight pen 13 forms an inclined light spot on the drill rod of the pneumatic drill 6. When the length of each light spot is equal, the pneumatic drill 6 is placed in a vertical state;

[0075] S4. Place the positioning rod 5 into the positioning hole 4 and execute S4.1 or S4.2.

[0076] S4.1. The lower end of the positioning rod 5 abuts against the upper end of the corresponding rod 3;

[0077] S4.2. Twist the positioning rod 5 into the positioning hole 4. Insert the positioning rod 5 into the positioning tube 10. The damping ball 12 provided at the end of the positioning rod 5 abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning tube 10.

[0078] S5. Fasten the fixing buckle 17 to the air drill 6, place the limit block 15 into the limit slot 14, align the pointer on the limit block 15 with the scale lines 18 on both sides of the limit slot 14, and record the scale alignment position;

[0079] S6. Insert the auxiliary rod 9 into the auxiliary ring 8;

[0080] S7, start the air drill 6;

[0081] S8. During the drilling and reaming process of the pneumatic drill 6, the auxiliary ring 8 is rotated by rotating the auxiliary rod 9. The rotation of the auxiliary ring 8 drives the positioning rod 5 to press down the corresponding rod 3, so that the pneumatic drill 6 obtains the feed amount. The feed amount is displayed on the length of the scale line 18 that the pointer slides over;

[0082] S8.1. During the processing, if the light spots formed by the five laser sights 13 change and one of the light spots suddenly becomes longer than the other four, adjust the air drill 6 in the direction of the changed light spot. During the processing, keep the five light spots of equal length and width;

[0083] S9. When the drilling and reaming depth reaches the requirement, after the drilling and reaming is completed, first remove the positioning rod 5 by rotating it, then remove the fixing plate 1, and then directly remove the remaining parts with the air drill 6 to complete the drilling and reaming.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device, characterized by: It comprises a fixing plate (1), a positioning plate (2), a corresponding rod (3), a positioning hole (4) and a positioning rod (5); A fixing hole is provided on the rear surface of the fixing plate (1), and the fixing hole is connected to a bolt on the main engine. The right surface of the fixing plate (1) is connected to the left surface of the positioning plate (2). A positioning hole (4) is provided in the vertical direction of the positioning plate (2), and the positioning hole (4) is connected to the positioning rod (5). The lower end of the corresponding rod (3) is connected to the upper side of the air drill (6), and the upper end of the corresponding rod (3) is opposite to the lower end of the positioning rod (5). The axis of the fixing hole is horizontal to the positioning plate (2), and the axis of the positioning hole (4) is parallel to the fixing plate (1). A limiting groove (14) is longitudinally provided on the side of the fixing plate (1), a limiting block (15) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (14), a side of the limiting block (15) is connected to one end of a connecting rod (16), the other end of the connecting rod (16) is connected to a fixing buckle (17), and the fixing buckle (17) is buckled on the air drill (6); The top end of the corresponding rod (3) is connected to a positioning cylinder (10) that opens upward, and the bottom end of the positioning rod (5) is inserted into the positioning cylinder (10); a shock-absorbing cavity is provided at the lower end of the positioning rod (5), and a shock-absorbing spring (11) is provided in the shock-absorbing cavity. The lower end of the shock-absorbing spring (11) is connected to a shock-absorbing ball (12), and the lower end of the shock-absorbing ball (12) abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning cylinder (10); when an impact occurs, the shock-absorbing ball (12) serves as the main impact-receiving ball. When the shock-absorbing ball (12) receives the impact, it converts the impact energy into the elastic potential energy of the shock-absorbing spring (11) by compressing the shock-absorbing spring (11), thereby absorbing the impact energy, and then the elastic potential energy is released to restore the shock-absorbing ball (12) to its initial position, completing a single shock absorption.

2. The large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the positioning rod (5) is connected to the connecting cover (7), and the upper end of the connecting cover (7) is fixedly connected to an auxiliary ring (8), and an auxiliary rod (9) is provided transversely through the auxiliary ring (8).

3. The large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of laser sighting pens (13) are arranged around the positioning hole (4) on the lower surface of the positioning plate (2), so that the laser sighting pens (13) emit laser light downwards and converge into a laser point, and the positioning hole (4) longitudinally and axially penetrates the laser point.

4. The large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Scale lines (18) of different specifications are respectively provided on both sides of the limiting groove (14), and a bidirectional pointer (19) pointing to the scale lines (18) is provided on the limiting block (15).

5. A drilling and reaming method for a large-diameter hole using a drilling and reaming auxiliary device, implemented based on the large-diameter hole drilling and reaming auxiliary device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Remove the nuts on the main engine to expose the bolts on the main engine; S2, placing the bolt into the fixing hole, turning on the laser sight pen (13), and allowing the light emitted by the multiple laser sight pen (13) to converge into a laser point, the position displayed by the laser point being the drilling and reaming position; S3, placing the air drill (6) at the laser point, and using the laser sight pen (13) to form an inclined light spot on the drill rod of the air drill (6). When the lengths of each light spot are equal, the placement position of the air drill (6) is in a vertical state; S4, screw the positioning rod (5) into the positioning hole (4), insert the positioning rod (5) into the positioning cylinder (10), and the shock-absorbing ball (12) provided at the end of the positioning rod (5) abuts against the bottom wall of the positioning cylinder (10); S5. Snap the fixing buckle (17) onto the air drill (6), place the limit block (15) into the limit slot (14), align the pointer on the limit block (15) with the scale lines (18) on both sides of the limit slot (14), and record the scale alignment position; S6. Insert the auxiliary rod (9) into the auxiliary ring (8); S7, start the air drill (6); S8. During the drilling and reaming process of the air drill (6), the auxiliary ring (8) is driven to rotate by rotating the auxiliary rod (9), and the rotation of the auxiliary ring (8) drives the positioning rod (5) to press down the corresponding rod (3), so that the air drill (6) obtains the feed amount, and the feed amount is displayed on the length of the scale line (18) that the pointer slides over; S8.

1. During the processing, when the light spots formed by the five laser sighting pens (13) change and one of the light spots is suddenly longer than the other four, the air drill (6) is adjusted in the direction of the changed light spot. During the processing, the five light spots are kept equal in length and width; S9. When the drilling and reaming depth reaches the required level, the positioning rod (5) is first removed by rotating, and then the fixing plate (1) is removed. The remaining parts are then directly removed by the air drill (6) to complete the drilling and reaming.

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