Ship unloader unloading system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ship unloader unloading system, comprising a discharge hopper, a vibrating feeder, and a coal drop pipe connected in sequence from top to bottom. A fully open windshield device is provided above the discharge hopper, comprising a coal block plate, a windshield door, and left and right windshield walls. A coal block plate is hingedly connected to one edge above the discharge hopper, and a coal block plate oil cylinder is provided between the coal block plate and the discharge hopper. A bottom threshold is provided at the other edge above the discharge hopper, and a windshield door is hingedly connected above the bottom threshold. The windshield door corresponds to the coal block plate, and a windshield door oil cylinder is provided between the windshield door and the discharge hopper. The other two edges above the discharge hopper are respectively hingedly connected to a left windshield wall and a right windshield wall. A windshield wall oil cylinder 1 is provided between the left windshield wall and the discharge hopper, and a windshield wall oil cylinder 2 is provided between the right windshield wall and the discharge hopper. The coal drop pipe has a four-way structure. The present invention can solve the problem of hoisting oversized excavators, push rakes, and other equipment into a ship cabin, and can also feed three-way belt conveyors using simple equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship unloaders, and particularly to the unloading system of ship unloaders. Background Art

[0002] A ship unloader is a mechanical device used to load goods from a ship to the shore. The unloading process of the ship unloader is as follows: after the ship loaded with goods docks, the ship unloader moves beside the ship. There is a discharge hopper on the gantry of the ship unloader. The lower part of the discharge hopper is connected to a coal chute through a vibrating feeder. A belt conveyor is laid on the dock. The grab of the ship unloader reciprocates between the ship's hold and the discharge hopper. The grab grabs the goods in the ship's hold and transfers them into the discharge hopper. The goods are finally transferred to the belt conveyor through the coal chute, and the belt conveyor transports the goods to the stockyard, as Figure 1 shown.

[0003] Since ship unloaders are mostly located by the sea or river, the environmental wind force is large. To ensure the dust suppression effect during unloading, a wind shielding device is installed above the discharge hopper. The wind shielding device is composed of four side walls. One side wall is a coal baffle, and the other three side walls are wind shields, as Figure 2 shown. The coal baffle is arranged between the ship and the discharge hopper. It is rotatable and can be in a vertical or inclined state. After rotation, it inclines towards the ship's hold, which is used for receiving materials and preventing goods from spilling onto the dock surface. After the coal baffle inclines, it does not affect the movement of the grab. After a certain amount of spilled materials accumulate on the coal baffle, it needs to be flipped so that the spilled goods slide into the discharge hopper. The three wind shields are arranged in a "U" shape around the discharge hopper. The wind shields are erected and play a role in wind shielding.

[0004] In the conventional technology, the lifting and lowering of the coal baffle are realized by a hoisting device cooperating with a pulley block and a steel wire rope. These devices are installed on the gantry of the ship unloader. The lifting and lowering of the coal baffle are controlled by the retraction and release of the steel wire rope. The steel wire rope is always under stress. To ensure safety, a safety rope is also set between the gantry of the ship unloader and the coal baffle. The spilled materials accumulate on the coal baffle, increasing its own weight and applying a tensile force to the steel wire rope. If the coal baffle accidentally flips freely and the steel wire rope breaks, the impact load will directly act on the safety rope. When the force is large, it will pull the gantry of the ship unloader and affect the structural safety of the gantry of the ship unloader.

[0005] For example, a ship unloader disclosed in the authorized announcement number CN214934266U has a structure in which a winch winds up a steel wire rope to drive the coal receiving hopper to rotate upward, and the coal receiving hopper rotates downward and resets under the action of gravity. At the same time, for safety protection, a flexible protection cable is set between the ship unloader body and the coal receiving hopper. Another example is the driving structure for the receiving plate of a ship unloader disclosed in the authorized announcement number CN208948420U. The receiving plate in it also has a form of lifting and lowering by winding, and a chain is configured for safety protection.

[0006] When the cargo hold is unloaded to a certain extent, a pusher is needed to enter the hold. The pusher is used to clear and level the cargo. In short, it gathers the scattered cargo to facilitate large-scale grabbing by the grab bucket. This requires the grab bucket to lift the pusher on the dock into the hold. The lifting path is as follows: Figure 2 As shown by the middle arrow, the pusher rake needs to pass through the windshield during hoisting. This requires that the coal shield and the corresponding windshield within the windshield must not interfere with the pusher rake's passage. The coal shield flips over and naturally does not interfere with the pusher rake. The windshield corresponding to the coal shield, referred to here as windshield 1, is typically a split-door structure, similar to a double-door. Windshield 1 can be opened or closed, thus not hindering the pusher rake's passage. Under the lifting of the grab bucket, the pusher rake first passes through the double-door-style windshield 1, then is positioned between the two windshields, and finally passes through the coal shield.

[0007] For example, the authorization announcement number CN217172523U discloses a ship unloader hopper and a ship unloader with a windshield door that can be opened in both directions. The windshield door is the windshield plate 1 mentioned here. The windshield plate includes a first door body and a second door body that are arranged in opposite directions. The two door bodies can be rotated independently to form a double-door structure, thereby allowing the pusher to be lifted.

[0008] There is a limitation when lifting a pusher rake, that is, the pusher rake must pass between the other two windshields except windshield 1. These two windshields are fixed and have a fixed distance between them. This will be limited by the distance between the two windshields. Therefore, only small pusher rakes can pass through, and pusher rakes of larger sizes cannot be used. In addition, since the upper sides of the ship are closed structures with only the middle part having an entrance and exit, this also limits the grab bucket from getting close to the cabin side wall to grab, so the cargo will be stranded near the cabin side wall. Figure 2 As shown in area A, it is inconvenient to clean this area with a push-rake machine, so a long-arm excavator needs to be used to handle it. The size of the long-arm excavator is larger than that of the push-rake machine, and the two existing windshields with fixed spacing will hinder the passage of the long-arm excavator.

[0009] In response to this, some manufacturers have made both sides of the discharge hopper larger and stronger, and expanded them outward to form a steel structure platform. The originally fixed windshield is designed to be movable, so that the windshield can be moved on the platform, which is equivalent to the two windshields expanding outward to make way for large push rakes and long-arm excavators to pass through. Figure 3 This requires large-scale structural modification, which undoubtedly increases costs. In addition, the windshield is located on the outer edge of the steel structure platform after expansion. When unloading, the cargo will accumulate on the inner side of the platform, which is not only difficult to clean, but also hinders the inward movement of the windshield.

[0010] In a typical configuration, a ship unloader connects two conveyor belts via a three-way coal drop pipe. This is a three-way coal drop pipe with a three-way distributor mounted above it. Cargo in the hopper is fed into the drop pipe by a vibrating feeder. Controlled by the three-way connection, the drop pipe feeds the two conveyor belts in sequence, effectively one ship unloader for two conveyor belts. However, some clients require three conveyor belts, but the three-way drop pipe is inadequate for this purpose. Consequently, two ship unloaders are required: one ship unloader's drop pipe connects to the first and second conveyor belts, and the other's drop pipe connects to the second and third conveyor belts. Others incorporate a transfer conveyor into a single ship unloader. This transfer conveyor serves as a replacement for the drop pipe. After unloading the cargo from the first and second conveyor belts, the drop pipe is removed and a transfer conveyor installed. The cargo is then transferred from the transfer conveyor to the third conveyor belt. This operation undoubtedly increases equipment investment and makes the entire loading and unloading process more cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In order to solve the problem that mechanical equipment of unusual size cannot pass through the windshield and conventional configuration cannot provide convenient feeding equipment for the three-way belt conveyor, the present invention provides a ship unloader unloading system, optimizes the windshield to make it a fully open design, and can solve the problem of hoisting oversized excavators, pushers and rakes and other equipment into the cabin. At the same time, a four-way coal drop pipe is proposed, which can conveniently feed the three-way belt conveyor.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0013] The ship unloader unloading system includes a discharge hopper, a vibrating feeder, and a coal drop pipe connected in sequence from top to bottom. A fully open windshield device is provided above the discharge hopper. That is, the windshield device is a fully open design that can be closed or fully opened. The fully open windshield device includes a coal shield plate, a windshield door, and a left windshield wall and a right windshield wall. These four components can be turned over.

[0014] The coal baffle is hingedly connected to the edge of one side above the discharge hopper. A coal baffle oil cylinder is provided between the coal baffle and the discharge hopper to drive the coal baffle to flip. A leg assembly for supporting the coal baffle is also provided between the coal baffle and the discharge hopper to ensure the stability of the coal baffle when receiving spilled materials.

[0015] A bottom threshold is provided on the other side edge above the discharge hopper, the windshield is hingedly connected above the bottom threshold, the windshield corresponds to the coal blocking plate, a windshield oil cylinder is provided between the windshield and the discharge hopper to drive the windshield to flip, a support assembly for supporting the windshield is also provided between the windshield and the bottom threshold, for supporting and limiting the windshield, the support assembly includes an inner support member and an outer support member respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the windshield, the inner support member is used for supporting and limiting the windshield when it is upright, and the outer support member is used for supporting and limiting the windshield when it is flat;

[0016] The other two side edges above the discharge hopper are respectively hinged to the left windshield wall and the right windshield wall. A windshield wall oil cylinder 1 is provided between the left windshield wall and the discharge hopper to drive the left windshield wall to flip. A windshield wall oil cylinder 2 is provided between the right windshield wall and the discharge hopper to drive the right windshield wall to flip.

[0017] The coal drop pipe is a four-way structure, which includes a four-way distributor and three coal drop branches connected to the bottom of the four-way distributor. The three coal drop branches are respectively connected to three belt conveyors, and the three belt conveyors can be fed with materials through a simple structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the coal blocking plate, wind shield door, left wind shield wall and right wind shield wall are arranged in a rectangular shape around the upper side of the discharge hopper. The four components can be upright and in a closed state, or can be flipped outward and in an open state.

[0019] Furthermore, the coal retaining plate is hinged to the discharge hopper to form a hinge point A. The coal retaining plate flips around the hinge point A. The flip angle of the coal retaining plate is 0-110 degrees. After being laid horizontally, the coal retaining plate can continue to flip downward.

[0020] There are at least two coal baffle oil cylinders, a cylinder hinge seat is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper, the cylinder body of the coal baffle oil cylinder has a hinge shaft, the coal baffle oil cylinder is hinged to the cylinder hinge seat through the hinge shaft, and the piston rod of the coal baffle oil cylinder is hinged to the coal baffle.

[0021] Furthermore, the number of the support leg assemblies is at least two groups, and each group of support leg assemblies includes a triangular bracket arranged on the outer wall of the coal baffle plate and a support seat arranged on the outer wall of the discharge hopper. The triangular bracket is tightly against the support seat, and the two cooperate to enable the discharge hopper to support the coal baffle plate, and a rubber pad is provided between the joint surface of the triangular bracket and the support seat.

[0022] Furthermore, the bottom threshold is fixed upright on the other side of the discharge hopper, and the wind shield door and the bottom threshold are hinged to form a hinge point B. The wind shield door flips around the hinge point B, and the flip angle of the wind shield door is 0-90 degrees. The wind shield door can be directly laid flat and in a horizontal state.

[0023] There are at least two damper cylinders, and two cylinder hinge seats are provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper. The cylinder body of the damper cylinder is provided with a hinge shaft, and the damper cylinder is hinged to the two cylinder hinge seats through the hinge shaft, and the piston rod of the damper cylinder is hinged to the damper.

[0024] Furthermore, the support assembly comprises at least two groups, and the inner support member comprises an inner support column arranged on the inner side of the windshield door and an inner support seat arranged on the inner side of the bottom door sill, wherein the inner support column is tightly pressed against the inner support seat to support the windshield door in an upright state;

[0025] The outer support member includes an outer support seat arranged on the outside of the windshield door and an outer support column arranged on the outside of the bottom door sill. The outer support seat is tightly against the outer support column and can support the windshield door in a flat state. Rubber pads are provided between the joint surfaces of the outer support seat and the outer support column, and between the joint surfaces of the inner support column and the inner support seat.

[0026] Furthermore, multiple groups of hinged structures are respectively arranged between the left windshield wall, the right windshield wall and the discharge hopper for hinged connection; each group of hinged structures includes a fixed plate, a hinged plate and a pin shaft, the fixed plate is upright above the discharge hopper, a bearing is provided on the fixed plate, and ribs are also provided on both sides of the fixed plate and between the discharge hopper, two hinged plates are provided under the left windshield wall, the two hinged plates are arranged on both sides of the fixed plate, and the pin shaft is passed through the hinged plate and the fixed plate for connection, thereby realizing convenient installation of the left windshield wall and the right windshield wall, and convenient installation and maintenance.

[0027] Furthermore, the left windshield wall and the discharge hopper are hinged to form a hinge point C, and the left windshield wall flips around the hinge point C. The right windshield wall and the discharge hopper are hinged to form a hinge point D, and the right windshield wall flips around the hinge point D. The flipping angles of the left windshield wall and the right windshield wall are both 0-60°.

[0028] Furthermore, the number of windshield wall cylinders 1 and 2 is at least two; a cylinder hinge seat for installing windshield wall cylinders 1 and 2 is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper, and the cylinder hinge seat includes a hinge seat 3 and a mounting ring hinged in the hinge seat 3, and the windshield wall cylinder 1 or the windshield wall cylinder 2 is hinged in the mounting ring, and the rotation direction of the windshield wall cylinder 1 or the windshield wall cylinder 2 is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the mounting ring.

[0029] Furthermore, the four-way distributor includes a four-way shell, a vertical sleeve, a swing sleeve, a hydraulic cylinder, a connecting rod and a motor oil pump group. The four-way shell includes an upper inlet and three lower outlets. The vertical sleeve is vertically arranged in the inlet of the four-way shell, and the swing sleeve is rotatably arranged in the four-way shell. The upper part of the swing sleeve receives the vertical sleeve and the lower part is connected to the outlet of the four-way shell, that is, the upper part of the swing sleeve is connected to the vertical sleeve and the lower part can be connected to the three outlets in sequence. The two sides of the swing sleeve extend out of the four-way shell and are connected to the connecting rod. The hydraulic cylinders are also hinged on both sides of the four-way shell. The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinders are respectively connected to the connecting rods. The hydraulic cylinder drives the connecting rod to drive the swing sleeve to swing. The motor oil pump group is also arranged on one side of the four-way shell. The motor oil pump group is connected to the hydraulic cylinder to provide driving force for the hydraulic cylinder.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The present invention features a fully open windshield structure, in which the coal shield is tilted by a hydraulic cylinder. Once tilted into position, the unloading hopper provides stable support for the shield, coordinated with the triangular bracket and support seat. This eliminates the risk of breakage associated with conventional wire rope retraction and deployment of the shield. Supported by the coal shield cylinder, the shield is protected from sudden drops, and even if it does fall, it does so slowly. If the cylinder were to break, the impact load from the shield would be transferred to the unloading hopper via the triangular bracket, without compromising the structural safety of the ship unloader's gantry.

[0032] The windshield door of the present invention is designed to be flippable. Unlike conventional bi-fold doors, which remain upright and at a constant height when rotated, the windshield door can be flipped to change its height, allowing it to be completely flat and horizontal, allowing it to pass through mechanical equipment. Whether the windshield door is in the upright or flat position, it is supported and limited by internal and external supports, ensuring its stability.

[0033] The left windshield wall and the right windshield wall of the present invention are symmetrical structures, and can be turned over by being driven by an oil cylinder. The left windshield wall and the right windshield wall turn over and tilt outward. When the four components of the windshield device are all opened, they make way for equipment, making it convenient for mechanical equipment such as oversized push rakes and excavators to pass through.

[0034] The coal drop pipe of the present invention adopts a four-way structure, that is, a four-way distributor is used to feed the three-way belt conveyor. The four-way distributor is different from conventional distribution configurations and has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and repair. The swing sleeve is always connected to the vertical sleeve. The swing sleeve is driven by a hydraulic cylinder to swing the swing sleeve, and then the swing sleeve and the three outlets of the four-way distributor are connected in sequence. The swing sleeve acts as a material flow switch, which can conveniently feed the three belt conveyors in sequence. The feed switching operation is convenient and fast, and can ensure smooth diversion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ship unloader.

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the center discharge hopper, vibrating feeder and coal drop pipe. The arrows in the figure indicate the path for mechanical equipment such as pushers and rakes to be lifted from the dock to the ship's hold.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral translation and expansion of the windshield, where the arrow in the figure points to the direction of translation of the windshield.

[0038] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the connection between the unloading hopper, the vibrating feeder and the coal dropping pipe of the unloading system of the ship unloader.

[0039] Figure 5The figure is a schematic diagram of the closing of the coal baffle and the air baffle door of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 The ship unloader unloading system of the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of the middle coal baffle cylinder and the air baffle cylinder.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coal baffle and wind baffle of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention being opened.

[0042] Figure 8 The ship unloader unloading system of the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation of the middle coal baffle cylinder and the air baffle cylinder.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the closed left and right windshield walls of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 The ship unloader unloading system of the present invention Figure 9 Installation diagram of the middle windshield wall cylinder.

[0045] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the oil cylinder articulated seat of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right windshield walls of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention being opened.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a front view of the four-way distributor of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention, and the direction of the arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the cargo.

[0048] Figure 14 It is a side view of the four-way distributor of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 15 The figure is a schematic diagram of the swing range of the swing sleeve of the ship unloader unloading system of the present invention, and the arrow in the figure points to the swing direction of the swing sleeve.

[0050] The numbers in the attached drawings are: 1 ship, 2 ship unloader gantry, 3 unloading hopper, 4 vibrating feeder, 5 coal drop pipe, 51 four-way distributor, 52 coal drop branch pipe, 6 belt conveyor, 7 grab bucket, 8 wind shield device, 81 coal shield plate, 82 wind shield door, 83 left wind shield wall, 84 right wind shield wall, 9 wind shield, 10 wind shield 1, 11 cylinder hinge seat 1, 121 triangular bracket, 122 support seat, 13 bottom door sill, 14 hinge point B, 15 wind shield door cylinder, 16 cylinder hinge seat 2, 171 inner support member, 1711 inner support column, 1712 inner support seat , 172 outer support, 1721 outer support seat, 1722 outer support column, 18 inspection door, 19 hinged structure, 191 fixed plate, 192 hinged plate, 193 pin, 20 hinge point C, 21 hinge point D, 22 windshield wall cylinder one, 23 cylinder hinge seat, 231 hinge seat three, 232 mounting ring, 24 windshield wall cylinder two, 25 four-way shell, 26 vertical sleeve, 27 swing sleeve, 28 hydraulic cylinder, 29 connecting rod, 30 motor oil pump group, 31 rotating shaft, 32 platform, 33 hinge point A, 34 coal baffle cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0052] like Figures 4 to 15 As shown, the ship unloader unloading system includes a unloading hopper 3, a vibrating feeder 4 and a coal drop pipe 5 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. Figure 4 The grab bucket 7 of the ship unloader reciprocates between the ship cabin and the discharge hopper 3, transferring the cargo into the discharge hopper 3. The cargo in the discharge hopper 3 enters the coal drop pipe 5 through the vibrating feeder 4. The coal drop pipe 5 has a material distribution function and can distribute the cargo in sequence to the multi-channel belt conveyor 6 below.

[0053] A fully open windshield 8 is provided above the discharge hopper 3. This shield prevents dust from being blown away when the grab bucket 7 discharges material into the discharge hopper 3. Furthermore, the shield can be opened to a wide range, providing a convenient path for larger-than-normal-sized equipment such as pushers and excavators.

[0054] The fully open wind shield device 8 includes a coal shield plate 81, a wind shield door 82, a left wind shield wall 83, and a right wind shield wall 84. The coal shield plate 81, the wind shield door 82, the left wind shield wall 83, and the right wind shield wall 84 are arranged in a rectangular shape around the upper side of the discharge hopper 3. Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 8 , from a top view, the coal blocking plate 81 and the wind shield door 82 correspond to each other on the left and right, and the left wind shield wall 83 and the right wind shield wall 84 correspond to each other on the top and bottom.

[0055] A hinged coal retaining plate 81 is attached to the upper edge of the discharge hopper 3. This means the plate 81 is reversible and hinged to the discharge hopper 3 to form a hinge point A33. The plate 81 rotates around this hinge point A33, with a rotation angle of 0-110°. The plate 81 is closest to the vessel 1. When tilted, it does not obstruct the movement of the grab bucket 7 and serves to catch any spilled cargo.

[0056] To facilitate the turning of the coal baffle 81, a coal baffle cylinder 34 is provided between the coal baffle 81 and the discharge hopper 3 to drive the turning of the coal baffle 81. There are at least two coal baffle cylinders 34, which are spaced apart. When each coal baffle cylinder 34 is installed, a cylinder hinge seat 11 is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper 3. The cylinder body of the coal baffle cylinder 34 has a hinge shaft. The coal baffle cylinder 34 is hinged to the cylinder hinge seat 23 through the hinge shaft. The piston rod of the coal baffle cylinder 34 is hinged to the coal baffle 81. The two coal baffle cylinders 34 operate synchronously to drive the coal baffle 81 to turn.

[0057] Compared with the conventional structure that uses a winch device in conjunction with a wire rope to drive the coal baffle 81 to flip, it is simpler to use the coal baffle cylinder 34 to drive the flipping structure. Even if the coal baffle cylinder 34 fails accidentally, the coal baffle 81 will not suddenly flip down due to the existence of liquid pressure, and the safety risk is relatively low.

[0058] The coal baffle 81 is in a tilted state most of the time to receive the spilled material. In this state, the coal baffle oil cylinder 34 is retracted. Only when the coal baffle 81 tends to be upright, the coal baffle oil cylinder 34 runs out to drive the coal baffle 81 to gradually stand upright. Figure 7 When the coal baffle 81 is tilted, cargo is continuously spilled onto it, causing the weight of the coal baffle 81 to increase. To prevent the coal baffle cylinder 34 from being stressed, a support leg assembly for supporting the coal baffle 81 is provided between the coal baffle 81 and the discharge hopper 3. At this time, the support leg assembly supports the coal baffle 81, and the weight of the coal baffle 81 can be transmitted to the discharge hopper 3.

[0059] There are at least two sets of leg assemblies, each supporting the coal baffle 81 and ensuring its stability when tilted. Each leg assembly includes a triangular bracket 121 mounted on the outer wall of the coal baffle 81 and a support base 122 mounted on the outer wall of the discharge hopper 3. The triangular bracket 121 is approximately Y-shaped and rests firmly against the support base 122, providing reliable support for the coal baffle 81. A rubber pad is installed between the mating surfaces of the triangular bracket 121 and the support base 122 to provide a certain degree of cushioning.

[0060] A bottom threshold 13 is fixed and upright on the other side of the discharge hopper 3. The bottom threshold 13 is relatively low, but its length matches the discharge hopper 3. A hinged damper 82 is attached above the bottom threshold 13. Unlike conventional double-door structures, the damper 82 is reversible, similar to the reversible coal shield 81. The damper 82 and the bottom threshold 13 are hinged to form a hinge point B14. The damper 82 rotates around this hinge point B14, with a reversal angle of 0-90°. The damper 82 and the coal shield 81 correspond to each other, meaning they are positioned side by side.

[0061] To facilitate the rotation of the damper 82, a damper cylinder 15 is provided between the damper 82 and the discharge hopper 3 to drive the damper 82 to rotate. There are at least two damper cylinders 15, spaced apart. When each damper cylinder 15 is installed, a cylinder hinge seat 2 16 is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper 3. The cylinder body of the damper cylinder 15 has a hinge shaft, which is hinged to the cylinder hinge seat 23 via the hinge shaft. The piston rod of the damper cylinder 15 is hinged to the damper 82. The two damper cylinders 15 operate synchronously to drive the damper 82 to rotate.

[0062] Compared with the conventional flat-open double-door opening and closing structure, the windshield cylinder 15 can drive the windshield 82 to stand upright or lay flat, thereby changing the height of the windshield 82. When mechanical equipment needs to enter the cabin, the windshield 82 needs to be laid flat to avoid affecting the movement of the mechanical equipment. Figure 7 shown.

[0063] To prevent the windshield door 82 from tilting and provide stable support, a support assembly is provided between the windshield door 82 and the bottom sill 13. There are at least two sets of support assemblies, each of which provides support for the windshield door 82. Each set of support assemblies is divided into two sets, each including inner support members 171 and outer support members 172, located on the inner and outer sides of the windshield door 82, respectively. Specifically, the inner support members 171 are one set, located on the inner side of the windshield door 82, while the outer support members 172 are another set, located on the outer side of the windshield door 82.

[0064] In this embodiment, both the inner support member 171 and the outer support member 172 are located near the hinge point B14. The inner support member 171 includes an inner support column 1711 disposed inside the windshield door 82 and an inner support seat 1712 disposed inside the bottom sill 13. When the windshield door 82 is in an upright position, the inner support column 1711 abuts against the inner support seat 1712. In this case, the inner support column 1711 and the inner support seat 1712 are arranged vertically. The outer support member 172 includes an outer support seat 1721 disposed outside the windshield door 82 and an outer support column 1722 disposed outside the bottom sill 13. When the windshield door 82 is in a flat position, the outer support seat 1721 abuts against the outer support column 1722. In this case, the outer support column 1721 and the outer support column 1722 are arranged vertically.

[0065] Rubber pads are provided between the joint surfaces of the outer support seat 1721 and the outer support column 1722, and between the joint surfaces of the inner support column 1711 and the inner support seat 1712, which have a buffering effect.

[0066] The other two side edges above the discharge hopper 3 are hinged to the left windshield wall 83 and the right windshield wall 84 respectively. The left windshield wall 83 and the right windshield wall 84 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. The difference is that an inspection door 18 is embedded in the left windshield wall 83, through which the interior of the fully open windshield device 8 can be inspected and repaired.

[0067] In order to facilitate the installation of the left windshield wall 83 and the right windshield wall 84, multiple sets of hinged structures 19 are respectively arranged between the left windshield wall 83, the right windshield wall 84 and the discharge hopper 3 for hinged connection, that is, the left windshield wall 83 is installed with the discharge hopper 3 through multiple sets of hinged structures 19, and the right windshield wall 84 is the same.

[0068] Each set of hinge structures 19 includes a fixed plate 191, two hinge plates 192 and a pin 193. Figure 5 As shown. A fixed plate 191 is vertically arranged above the discharge hopper 3. Bearings are provided on the fixed plate 191. Ribs are also provided on both sides of the fixed plate 191 and between the discharge hopper 3 to ensure that the fixed plate 191 is firmly welded. Taking the installation of the left windshield wall 83 as an example: two hinged plates 192 are provided below the left windshield wall 83. The two hinged plates 192 are arranged on both sides of the fixed plate 191. A pin 193 is inserted between the hinged plates 192 and the fixed plate 191 to connect them. The pin 193 passes through the bearing, thereby realizing the installation of a set of hinged structures 19. The left windshield wall 83 and the right windshield wall 84 are installed by multiple sets of hinged structures 19.

[0069] After the left windshield 83 is installed, the left windshield 83 and the discharge hopper 3 are hinged to form a hinge point C20, and the left windshield 83 is turned around the hinge point C20. After the right windshield 84 is installed, the right windshield 84 and the discharge hopper 3 are hinged to form a hinge point D21, and the right windshield 84 is turned around the hinge point D21. The left windshield 83 and the right windshield 84 can be turned at an angle of 0-60 degrees, which can make the originally upright windshield tilted, such as Figure 9 and Figure 12 shown.

[0070] In order to facilitate the flipping of the windshield wall, a windshield wall cylinder 22 is provided between the left windshield wall 83 and the discharge hopper 3 to drive the left windshield wall 83 to flip. There are at least two windshield wall cylinders 22, and the two windshield wall cylinders 22 drive the left windshield wall 83 to flip.

[0071] When each windshield oil cylinder 1 22 is installed, a cylinder hinge seat 23 for installing the windshield oil cylinder 1 22 is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper 3. The cylinder hinge seat 23 includes a hinge seat 3 231 and a mounting ring 232 hinged in the hinge seat 3 231. Figure 11 As shown, hinge seat 3 231 and discharge hopper 3 are fixedly connected. Windshield wall cylinder 1 22 has a hinge shaft on its cylinder body, which allows windshield wall cylinder 1 22 to be hinged within mounting ring 232. The rotation direction of windshield wall cylinder 1 22 is perpendicular to the rotation direction of mounting ring 232. The piston rod of windshield wall cylinder 1 22 is hinged to the side wall of left windshield wall 83.

[0072] Similarly, the right windshield 84 operates in the same manner. A second windshield cylinder 24 is provided between the right windshield 84 and the discharge hopper 3 to drive the right windshield 84 to rotate. There are at least two second windshield cylinders 24, which together drive the right windshield 84 to rotate. Each second windshield cylinder 24 is also mounted via a cylinder hinge 23 in the same manner as the first windshield cylinder 22, and will not be further described here.

[0073] In this embodiment, in order to conveniently match the three-way belt conveyor 6, the coal dropping pipe 5 adopts a four-way structure. The coal dropping pipe 5 includes a four-way distributor 51 and three coal dropping branch pipes 52 connected to the bottom of the four-way distributor 51. The three coal dropping branch pipes 52 are respectively connected to the three-way belt conveyor 6.

[0074] The four-way distributor 51 includes a four-way housing 25, a vertical sleeve 26, a swing sleeve 27, a hydraulic cylinder 28, a connecting rod 29 and a motor oil pump group 30. Figures 13 to 15As shown. The four-way shell 25 includes an inlet at the top and three outlets at the bottom. A vertical sleeve 26 is vertically arranged inside the inlet of the four-way shell 25, and the goods enter the four-way distributor 51 through the vertical sleeve 26. A swing sleeve 27 is rotatably arranged inside the four-way shell 25. The swing sleeve 27 is a conical tubular shape. The swing sleeve 27 receives the vertical sleeve 26 at the top and connects with the outlet of the four-way shell 25 at the bottom. That is, the cross-section of the upper end of the swing sleeve 27 is slightly larger, and the cross-section of the lower end of the vertical sleeve 26 is slightly smaller. In this way, the upper end of the swing sleeve 27 is sleeved on the lower end of the vertical sleeve 26, and there is a gap. The gap can support the swing sleeve 27 to swing and will not interfere with the vertical sleeve 26. In this way, the goods in the vertical sleeve 26 can enter the swing sleeve 27 and flow from the corresponding outlet to the corresponding belt conveyor 6 according to the swing direction of the swing sleeve 27.

[0075] When the swing sleeve 27 is installed, rotating shafts 31 are provided on either side of the swing sleeve 27. These shafts 31 extend out of the four-way housing 25. Bearing blocks are provided on either side of the four-way housing 25 to support the shafts 31. After extending, the shafts 31 are connected to connecting rods 29. To drive the shafts 31, hydraulic cylinders 28 are hinged on either side of the four-way housing 25. The piston rods of the two hydraulic cylinders 28 are connected to the connecting rods 29, pushing the connecting rods 29 to swing, thereby driving the swing sleeve 27 to swing. To provide driving force for the hydraulic cylinders 28, a motor-operated oil pump assembly 30 is also provided on one side of the four-way housing 25. The motor-operated oil pump assembly 30 is connected to the hydraulic cylinders 28 to supply the hydraulic oil required for operation.

[0076] The principle of the present invention is: during unloading operation, the coal baffle plate 81 is in an open state and tilted on one side of the unloading hopper 3. At this time, the coal baffle plate cylinder 34 retracts, and the triangular bracket 121 is against the support seat 122 to support the coal baffle plate 81. The entire gravity of the coal baffle plate 81 acts on the unloading hopper 3; the left windshield wall 83, the right windshield wall 84 and the windshield door 82 are all in a closed state, standing upright on three adjacent sides of the unloading hopper 3.

[0077] The grab bucket 7 grabs the cargo in the cabin and moves it above the discharge hopper 3, releasing the cargo so that it accumulates in the discharge hopper 3. The vibrating feeder 4 transports the cargo to the four-way coal drop pipe 5. At this time, the swing sleeve 27 in the four-way distributor 51 connects to the first belt conveyor 6 and supplies it with materials until the cargo demand of the corresponding material yard of the belt conveyor 6 is met. The two hydraulic cylinders 28 are then controlled to move synchronously, driving the swing sleeve 27 to swing and connect it to the second belt conveyor 6, supplying it with materials until the cargo demand of the corresponding material yard of the belt conveyor 6 is met. Finally, the above operation is repeated to connect the swing sleeve 27 to the third belt conveyor 6. The entire switching and connection operation is convenient and fast.

[0078] After a certain amount of cargo has been unloaded from the hold, it is necessary to use equipment such as a pusher, excavator, etc. to clean it. At this time, the left windshield 83, the right windshield 84, and the windshield door 82 need to be opened. When the left windshield 83 is opened, the windshield cylinder 1 22 is controlled to retract, causing the left windshield 83 to flip outward to the maximum extent. The right windshield 84 is opened in the same manner. When the windshield door 82 is opened, the windshield cylinder 15 is controlled to retract, causing the windshield 82 to flip outward until the outer support seat 1721 rests on the outer support column 1722, so that the windshield door 82 is in a flat state.

[0079] When the fully-open windshield 8 is fully opened, space is left for mechanical equipment such as bulldozers and excavators to pass through. This large space allows them to easily enter the cabin. Even for oversized equipment, the fully-open windshield 8 will not block their entry. This solves the problem of hoisting oversized excavators and bulldozers into the cabin, providing owners with a simple and reliable solution to on-site problems, providing a reference for subsequent projects, and saving corresponding R&D costs.

[0080] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship unloader unloading system comprising a discharge hopper (3), a vibrating feeder (4) and a coal drop pipe (5) connected in sequence from top to bottom, characterized in that: A fully open windshield device (8) is provided above the discharge hopper (3), and the fully open windshield device (8) comprises a coal shield plate (81), a windshield door (82), a left windshield wall (83), and a right windshield wall (84); The coal baffle plate (81) is hingedly connected to the upper edge of the discharge hopper (3), and a coal baffle plate oil cylinder (34) is provided between the coal baffle plate (81) and the discharge hopper (3) to drive the coal baffle plate (81) to flip, and a support leg assembly for supporting the coal baffle plate (81) is also provided between the coal baffle plate (81) and the discharge hopper (3); A bottom threshold (13) is provided on the other side edge above the discharge hopper (3), and the windshield door (82) is hinged above the bottom threshold (13). The windshield door (82) corresponds to the coal blocking plate (81). A windshield door oil cylinder (15) is provided between the windshield door (82) and the discharge hopper (3) to drive the windshield door (82) to flip outward. A support assembly for supporting the windshield door (82) is also provided between the windshield door (82) and the bottom threshold (13), and the support assembly includes an inner support member (171) and an outer support member (172) respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the windshield door (82). The other two side edges above the discharge hopper (3) are hinged to the left windshield wall (83) and the right windshield wall (84), respectively. A windshield wall oil cylinder 1 (22) is provided between the left windshield wall (83) and the discharge hopper (3) to drive the left windshield wall (83) to flip outward, and a windshield wall oil cylinder 2 (24) is provided between the right windshield wall (84) and the discharge hopper (3) to drive the right windshield wall (84) to flip outward. The coal dropping pipe (5) is a four-way structure, comprising a four-way distributor (51) and three coal dropping branch pipes (52) connected to the bottom of the four-way distributor (51), and the three coal dropping branch pipes (52) are respectively connected to three belt conveyors (6).

2. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal shield plate (81), the wind shield door (82), the left wind shield wall (83), and the right wind shield wall (84) are arranged in a rectangular shape and are arranged around the upper side of the discharge hopper (3).

3. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal retaining plate (81) is hinged to the discharge hopper (3) to form a hinge point A (33), and the coal retaining plate (81) is turned around the hinge point A (33), and the turning angle of the coal retaining plate (81) is 0-110 degrees; The number of the coal baffle oil cylinders (34) is at least two, and a cylinder hinge seat (11) is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper (3). The cylinder body of the coal baffle oil cylinder (34) is provided with a hinge shaft, and the coal baffle oil cylinder (34) is hinged to the cylinder hinge seat (23) through the hinge shaft, and the piston rod of the coal baffle oil cylinder (34) is hinged to the coal baffle (81).

4. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the support leg assemblies is at least two groups, and each group of the support leg assemblies includes a triangular bracket (121) arranged on the outer wall of the coal retaining plate (81) and a support seat (122) arranged on the outer wall of the discharge hopper (3), the triangular bracket (121) is tightly pressed against the support seat (122), and a rubber pad is provided between the joint surfaces of the triangular bracket (121) and the support seat (122).

5. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom threshold (13) is fixed upright on the other side of the discharge hopper (3), and the windshield door (82) and the bottom threshold (13) are hinged to form a hinge point B (14). The windshield door (82) is turned around the hinge point B (14), and the turning angle of the windshield door (82) is 0-90 degrees; The number of the damper cylinders (15) is at least two; a cylinder hinge seat (16) is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper (3); the cylinder body of the damper cylinder (15) is provided with a hinge shaft, the damper cylinder (15) is hinged to the cylinder hinge seat (23) through the hinge shaft, and the piston rod of the damper cylinder (15) is hinged to the damper (82).

6. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises at least two groups, the inner support member (171) comprising an inner support column (1711) disposed on the inner side of the windshield door (82) and an inner support seat (1712) disposed on the inner side of the bottom door sill (13), the inner support column (1711) being tightly pressed against the inner support seat (1712); The outer support member (172) includes an outer support seat (1721) arranged on the outside of the windshield door (82) and an outer support column (1722) arranged on the outside of the bottom door sill (13). The outer support seat (1721) is tightly against the outer support column (1722). Rubber pads are provided between the joint surfaces of the outer support seat (1721) and the outer support column (1722) and between the joint surfaces of the inner support column (1711) and the inner support seat (1712).

7. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sets of hinge structures (19) are respectively provided between the left windshield wall (83), the right windshield wall (84) and the discharge hopper (3) for hinge connection; Each set of hinged structures (19) includes a fixed plate (191), a hinged plate (192) and a pin (193). The fixed plate (191) is upright above the discharge hopper (3). A bearing is provided on the fixed plate (191). Ribs are also provided on both sides of the fixed plate (191) and between the discharge hopper (3). Two hinged plates (192) are provided below the left windshield wall (83). The two hinged plates (192) are arranged on both sides of the fixed plate (191). The pin (193) is passed through between the hinged plate (192) and the fixed plate (191) for connection.

8. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left windshield wall (83) and the discharge hopper (3) are hinged to form a hinge point C (20), and the left windshield wall (83) is turned around the hinge point C (20). The right windshield wall (84) and the discharge hopper (3) are hinged to form a hinge point D (21), and the right windshield wall (84) is turned around the hinge point D (21). The turning angles of the left windshield wall (83) and the right windshield wall (84) are both 0-60 degrees.

9. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of windbreak wall oil cylinders 1 (22) and windbreak wall oil cylinders 2 (24) is at least two; A cylinder hinge seat (23) for mounting windshield wall cylinder 1 (22) and windshield wall cylinder 2 (24) is provided on the side wall of the discharge hopper (3). The cylinder hinge seat (23) includes a hinge seat 3 (231) and a mounting ring (232) hinged in the hinge seat 3 (231). The windshield wall cylinder 1 (22) or the windshield wall cylinder 2 (24) is hinged in the mounting ring (232). The rotation direction of the windshield wall cylinder 1 (22) or the windshield wall cylinder 2 (24) is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the mounting ring (232).

10. The ship unloader unloading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-way distributor (51) includes a four-way housing (25), a vertical sleeve (26), a swing sleeve (27), a hydraulic cylinder (28), a connecting rod (29) and a motor oil pump group (30). The four-way housing (25) includes an upper inlet and three lower outlets. The vertical sleeve (26) is vertically arranged in the inlet of the four-way housing (25). The swing sleeve (27) is rotatably arranged in the four-way housing (25). The swing sleeve (27) receives the vertical sleeve (26) at the upper side and is connected to the outlet of the four-way housing (25) at the lower side. Both sides of the swing sleeve (27) extend out of the four-way housing (25) and are connected to the connecting rod (29). The hydraulic cylinder (28) is also hinged on both sides of the four-way housing (25). The piston rods of the hydraulic cylinder (28) are respectively connected to the connecting rod (29). The motor oil pump group (30) is also arranged on one side of the four-way housing (25). The motor oil pump group (30) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (28).

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