A smelting method for producing ferrovanadium

Abstract

The application discloses a smelting method for producing vanadium-iron alloy, which comprises the following steps: smelting in four stages, adjusting the mass of aluminum in the mixed material added in each stage according to the total mass of vanadium in vanadium-containing oxide; in the first three stages, adding the mixed material with a predetermined mass ratio into a tilting furnace in sequence for smelting, starting arc in the first stage to make the mixed material form a molten pool, and from the first stage to the third stage: controlling the voltage of the three-phase electrode to decrease in sequence, controlling the current of the three-phase electrode to increase in sequence, and controlling the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid to decrease in sequence, wherein, the slag is discharged once after the second stage of smelting is completed; in the fourth stage, the voltage is kept greater than or equal to the voltage in the third stage, the current is kept equal to the current in the third stage, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is kept greater than or equal to the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid in the third stage, finally obtaining the vanadium-iron alloy, and realizing the fullness of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the smelting reaction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to a smelting method for producing ferrovanadium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vanadium plays a role of deoxidizing and refining grains in steel, and a small amount of vanadium can improve the performance of steel and increase the wear resistance, toughness and strength of steel. Ferrovanadium (ferrovanadium alloy) has the advantages of high alloying degree, high vanadium yield and low impurity content, and thus becomes a main alloy additive for smelting vanadium-containing steel.

[0003] At present, most domestic ferrovanadium manufacturers adopt one-step electric aluminum thermal smelting process. The prepared furnace charge is subjected to electric arc in an electric furnace to generate metallic vanadium and alumina and release heat, the alumina combines with the slag forming agent added in the furnace charge to form low-melting-point and low-density slag, and the iron particles added in the furnace charge melt to form an infinite solid solution with vanadium. The slag forming agent can reduce the melting point of the slag and increase the basicity of the melt, which is beneficial to the alloy settlement. Due to the large difference in density between the alloy and the slag, the slag and the ferrovanadium alloy are automatically layered in the molten state, and the slag and the ferrovanadium alloy are separated after sufficient condensation to obtain the ferrovanadium alloy.

[0004] The reaction furnace for producing ferrovanadium alloy commonly includes a straight-through furnace and a tilting furnace. The single furnace smelting capacity of the straight-through furnace is relatively small, generally less than 5 tons, the reaction thermodynamics and kinetics are relatively sufficient, and the smelting yield is more than 96.5%. The single furnace smelting capacity of the tilting furnace is relatively large, generally more than 8 tons, but the reaction thermodynamics and kinetics are not sufficient, and the highest smelting yield is only 95.5%. The difference in smelting yield between the tilting furnace and the straight-through furnace mainly lies in the problems of insufficient smelting reaction thermodynamics and kinetics and low smelting yield of the tilting furnace due to the difference in equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a smelting method for producing ferrovanadium alloy, which can solve the technical problems of insufficient smelting reaction thermodynamics and kinetics and low smelting yield of the tilting furnace.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application discloses a smelting method for producing ferrovanadium alloy, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] The smelting is carried out in four stages, and the mixed materials of the first three stages are prepared respectively by taking vanadium-containing oxides, aluminum, iron and lime as raw materials. The mass of aluminum added in each stage of mixed material is adjusted according to the total mass of vanadium element in the vanadium-containing oxides;

[0008] The mixture with a predetermined mass ratio is added into the tilting furnace in sequence in the first three stages, the first stage starts to strike an arc to form a molten pool, from the first stage to the third stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode is sequentially reduced, the current of the three-phase electrode is sequentially increased, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is sequentially reduced, wherein the second stage is completed once after slagging;

[0009] In the fourth stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is kept greater than or equal to the voltage in the third stage, the current of the three-phase electrode is kept equal to the current in the third stage, the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is kept greater than or equal to the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid in the third stage, and finally the slag and iron are discharged from the furnace and cast into ingot molds, cooled, separated, and vanadium-iron alloy is obtained.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, the ratio of the mixture with a predetermined mass ratio is 1-2:4-8:1-2, and the mixture is added in batches in the second stage.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the mass of aluminum in the mixture of the first stage is 1.0-1.2 times the total mass of vanadium elements in vanadium-containing oxides, the mass of aluminum in the mixture of the second stage is 1.5-2.0 times the total mass of vanadium elements in vanadium-containing oxides, and the mass of aluminum in the mixture of the third stage is 0.5-0.8 times the total mass of vanadium elements in vanadium-containing oxides.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the smelting time of the first stage is 10-15 min, the smelting time of the second stage is 60-100 min, the smelting time of the third stage is 20-30 min, and the smelting time of the fourth stage is 20-30 min.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, in the first stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode ranges from 185 to 195 V, the current of the three-phase electrode ranges from 6.25 to 12.5 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 950-1050 mm; in the second stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode ranges from 150 to 170 V, the current of the three-phase electrode ranges from 12.5 to 18.75 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 750-850 mm; in the third stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode ranges from 110 to 150 V, the current of the three-phase electrode ranges from 18.75 to 25.00 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 450-650 mm; and in the fourth stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode ranges from 110 to 150 V, the current of the three-phase electrode ranges from 18.75 to 25.00 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 450-650 mm.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, the second stage slag is sampled before tapping, and when the vanadium content in the second stage slag is less than 1%, the tapping is performed.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present application, the fourth stage further comprises: adding a predetermined amount of aluminum according to the vanadium content in the slag to reduce the vanadium content in the slag or adding a predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide according to the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy to reduce the aluminum content in the ferrovanadium alloy.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the adding of the predetermined amount of aluminum according to the vanadium content in the slag in the fourth stage comprises: when the total vanadium content in the fourth stage slag is 1.1% to 1.5%, adding 10 to 50 kg of aluminum.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the adding of the predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide according to the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy in the fourth stage comprises: when the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy is 1.6% to 2.0%, adding 10 to 50 kg of vanadium pentoxide.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, the vanadium-containing oxide is at least one of vanadium pentoxide or vanadium trioxide.

[0019] With the above technical solution, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The smelting method for producing ferrovanadium provided by the present application controls the voltage, current and depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction solution in the tilting furnace in stages, and adjusts the amount of aluminum added in the first three stages according to the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium-containing oxide in the first three stages, so as to achieve sufficient smelting reaction thermodynamics and kinetics in the tilting furnace, thereby obtaining a large-crystal ferrovanadium product with low aluminum content and a smelting slag with low vanadium content, and greatly improving the smelting yield of the tilting furnace for smelting ferrovanadium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 The flowchart of the smelting method for producing ferrovanadium disclosed by one embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and the accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a smelting method for producing ferrovanadium alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S10. Smelting is carried out in four stages. The mixtures for the first three stages are prepared using vanadium oxide, aluminum, iron and lime as raw materials. The mass of aluminum in the mixture added in each stage is adjusted according to the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium oxide.

[0027] S20. In the first three stages, the mixture with a predetermined mass ratio is added to the tilting furnace for smelting. In the first stage, the arc is started to form a molten pool. From the first stage to the third stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrodes is controlled to decrease sequentially, the current of the three-phase electrodes is controlled to increase sequentially, and the depth of the three-phase electrodes inserted into the reaction liquid is controlled to decrease sequentially. After the second stage of smelting is completed, slag is discharged once.

[0028] In the fourth stage (S30), the voltage of the three-phase electrodes is kept greater than or equal to the voltage in the third stage, the current of the three-phase electrodes is kept equal to the current in the third stage, and the depth of the three-phase electrodes inserted into the reaction liquid is kept greater than or equal to the depth of the three-phase electrodes inserted into the reaction liquid in the third stage. Finally, the slag and iron are poured into the ingot mold, cooled, and separated to obtain ferrovanadium alloy.

[0029] In the above embodiments, controlling the voltage to decrease sequentially and the current to increase sequentially allows for control of the smelting temperature at different stages while meeting the rated power of the tilting furnace. In this embodiment, the power of the tilting furnace must be maximized in the first stage, and then decreased in subsequent stages while ensuring that the material inside the furnace remains in a molten state. In this embodiment, to achieve rapid arc ignition, high voltage and low current are used in the first stage. The high voltage can trigger the aluminothermic reaction of the mixture inside the furnace and form a molten pool inside the furnace.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the voltage and current of the three-phase electrodes in the tilting furnace and the depth of the three-phase electrodes inserted into the reaction liquid are controlled in stages, and the amount of aluminum added in the first three stages is adjusted according to the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium oxides in the first three stages, so as to achieve full thermodynamic and kinetic control of the smelting reaction in the tilting furnace.

[0031] In some embodiments, the ratio of the predetermined mass ratio of the mixture is 1-2:4-8:1-2, and the mixture is added in batches in the second stage.

[0032] In some embodiments, the mass of aluminum in the first stage of the mixture is 1.0-1.2 times the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium-containing oxide, the mass of aluminum in the second stage of the mixture is 1.5-2.0 times the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium-containing oxide, and the mass of aluminum in the third stage of the mixture is 0.5-0.8 times the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium-containing oxide. In this embodiment, the mass of aluminum in the first two stages is greater than the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium-containing oxide, which can accelerate the speed of the smelting reaction and ensure the sufficient reduction of the vanadium-containing oxide. The mass of aluminum in the third stage is less than the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium-containing oxide, which can ensure that the unreacted aluminum in the first two stages is fully reacted, thereby facilitating the reduction of the aluminum content in the obtained vanadium-iron product.

[0033] In some embodiments, the smelting time of the first stage is 10-15 min, the smelting time of the second stage is 60-100 min, the smelting time of the third stage is 20-30 min, and the smelting time of the fourth stage is 20-30 min. In this embodiment, the smelting time is controlled according to the amount of the reaction mixture added, ensuring that the smelting reaction proceeds sufficiently.

[0034] In some embodiments, in the first stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 185-195 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 6.25-12.5 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 950-1050 mm; in the second stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 150-170 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 12.5-18.75 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 750-850 mm; in the third stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 110-150 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 18.75-25.00 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 450-650 mm; in the fourth stage: the voltage of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 110-150 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is in the range of 18.75-25.00 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 450-650 mm.

[0035] In the above embodiments, the first stage uses high voltage, low current, and large electrode depth to achieve rapid start and arc striking, which is conducive to the rapid formation of a molten pool. The second stage uses medium voltage, medium current, and appropriate electrode depth, which is conducive to the high-speed and smooth progress of the smelting reaction. The third and fourth stages use low voltage, high current, and small electrode depth, which further enables the smelting reaction to proceed more fully. By controlling the voltage, current, and electrode depth in stages, it is conducive to achieving a fully and uniformly reacted vanadium-iron reaction molten pool.

[0036] In some embodiments, the slag sample in the tilting furnace is taken for detection before the second stage slagging, and the slagging is performed when the vanadium content in the second stage slag is less than 1%.

[0037] In some embodiments, a predetermined amount of aluminum is added in the fourth stage according to the vanadium content in the slag to reduce the vanadium content in the slag or a predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide is added in the fourth stage according to the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy to reduce the aluminum content in the ferrovanadium alloy. Since the vanadium trioxide is in powder form, it is easy to be lost due to flying during the smelting process, resulting in excessive aluminum. Therefore, in order to avoid the excessive aluminum, a predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide needs to be added, and the vanadium pentoxide is in flaky form, which is not easy to be lost due to flying. This embodiment is beneficial to greatly reduce the aluminum content in the ferrovanadium alloy and the vanadium content in the smelting slag, thereby improving the smelting yield of the ferrovanadium.

[0038] In other embodiments, a predetermined amount of aluminum is added when the mixed material is prepared according to the vanadium content in the smelted slag, or a predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide is added when the mixed material is prepared according to the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy, that is, the addition of aluminum or vanadium is not performed in the fourth stage.

[0039] In other embodiments, a suitable amount of aluminum or vanadium pentoxide is added when the mixed material is prepared according to the unqualified mass of aluminum or vanadium-containing oxide or the loss amount of aluminum or vanadium-containing oxide during the smelting process.

[0040] In some embodiments, the addition of a predetermined amount of aluminum in the fourth stage according to the vanadium content in the slag includes: when the total vanadium content in the fourth stage slag is 1.1% to 1.5%, 10 to 50 kg of aluminum is added.

[0041] In some embodiments, the addition of a predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide in the fourth stage according to the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy includes: when the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy is 1.6% to 2.0%, 10 to 50 kg of vanadium pentoxide is added.

[0042] In some embodiments, the smelting method for producing vanadium-iron alloy further comprises improving the structure of the tilting furnace for producing vanadium-iron alloy, specifically, setting a refractory brick layer on the furnace bottom and a magnesia knotted layer on the furnace wall of the tilting furnace, and expanding the transverse width of the tapping hole and the slag hole of the tilting furnace, for example, the transverse width of the slag hole is increased from 200 mm to 300 mm, and the transverse width of the tapping hole is increased from 100 mm to 150 mm. In this embodiment, the setting of the refractory brick layer and the magnesia knotted layer can reduce the high-temperature corrosion of the furnace bottom and the furnace wall during smelting, and prevent the furnace bottom and the furnace wall from being burned through during smelting; by expanding the tapping hole and the slag hole of the tilting furnace, the outflow speed of the molten body during slag tapping and iron tapping can be increased, thereby preventing the slag-iron molten body from cooling down too fast due to the slow outflow speed when the slag and the iron are tapped at the same time, which affects the secondary reaction of the slag-iron molten body in the ingot mold, thereby affecting the smelting yield of the vanadium-iron alloy.

[0043] The present application will be described below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples, it should be noted that these examples are merely descriptive and do not limit the present application in any way. In the examples and comparative examples, the four stages in the smelting process are referred to as the initial smelting stage, the middle smelting stage, the late smelting stage, and the final smelting stage.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] In this example, the voltage, current, electrode depth, smelting time, aluminum content in the reaction material and mixed material added to the tilting furnace (the mass of aluminum in the mixed material is a multiple of the total mass of vanadium element in vanadium-containing oxide) in each stage, and the final smelting vanadium-iron-aluminum content, slag vanadium content, and smelting yield are shown in Table 1 below. The high vanadium-iron alloy (FeV80) is obtained in this Example 1.

[0046] Table 1 Smelting parameters and smelting results in Example 1

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Example 2

[0050] In this example, the voltage, current, electrode depth, smelting time, aluminum content in the reaction material and mixed material added to the tilting furnace, and the final smelting vanadium-iron-aluminum content, slag vanadium content, and smelting yield are shown in Table 2 below. The medium vanadium-iron alloy (FeV50) is obtained in this Example 2.

[0051] Table 2 Smelting parameters and smelting results in Example 2

[0052]

[0053] Comparative Example

[0054] In the comparative example, the voltage, current and electrode depth of the three-phase electrode in each stage are constant, the smelting time, reaction material in each stage and the amount of aluminum added at the end of smelting are the same as those in Example 2, and the amount of aluminum in the mixed material in the first three stages is also constant. The specific smelting parameters, the vanadium-iron-aluminum content obtained by the final smelting, the vanadium content in the slag and the smelting yield are shown in Table 3 below.

[0055] Table 3 Smelting parameters and smelting results in the comparative example

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] From the data of the vanadium-iron-aluminum content, the vanadium content in the slag and the smelting yield obtained by the final smelting in each of the above-mentioned Example 1, Example 2 and the comparative example, it can be known that, by controlling the voltage of the three-phase electrode to decrease successively, controlling the current of the three-phase electrode to increase successively and controlling the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid to decrease successively in the first three stages of the example, and adjusting the amount of aluminum in the mixed material according to the total mass of vanadium element in the vanadium-containing oxide in the first three stages, and controlling the voltage, current, electrode depth and the mass of aluminum not added in the fourth stage, the aluminum content in the vanadium-iron alloy obtained by smelting can be greatly reduced, the vanadium content in the slag can be greatly reduced, the smelting yield of the tilting furnace smelting vanadium-iron alloy can be greatly improved, and the smelting reaction thermodynamics and kinetics in the tilting furnace are fully carried out.

[0059] In summary, by controlling the voltage, current and depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid in the tilting furnace in stages, adjusting the amount of aluminum added in the first three stages according to the total amount of vanadium element in the vanadium-containing oxide in the first three stages, and adding aluminum by reducing the vanadium content in the slag or adding vanadium pentoxide by reducing the aluminum content in the vanadium-iron alloy, the smelting reaction thermodynamics and kinetics in the tilting furnace are fully carried out, so that the large-crystal vanadium-iron product with low aluminum content and the smelting slag with low vanadium content are obtained, and the smelting yield of the tilting furnace smelting vanadium-iron alloy is greatly improved.

[0060] It should be particularly pointed out that each component or step in each of the above-mentioned examples can be crossed, replaced, added, deleted, and therefore, the combinations formed by these reasonable permutations and combinations should also belong to the protection scope of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application should not be limited to the above-mentioned examples.

[0061] The above is the exemplary embodiment disclosed by the present application, and the sequence of the above embodiment disclosed by the present application is only for description, not representing the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiment. However, it should be noted that the above discussion of any embodiment is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the embodiments disclosed by the present application (including claims) is limited to these examples, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope defined by the claims. The functions, steps and / or acts of the method claims described herein do not need to be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although the elements of the embodiments disclosed by the present application can be described or claimed in individual form, they can also be understood as plural unless explicitly restricted as singular.

[0062] It should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the above discussion of any embodiment is only exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the embodiments disclosed by the present application (including claims) is limited to these examples; under the idea of the embodiments of the present application, the above embodiments or technical features in different embodiments can also be combined, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above. In order to be brief, they are not provided in details. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made in the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A smelting method for producing ferrovanadium alloy, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: The smelting is carried out in four stages, and the mixtures for the first three stages are respectively prepared with vanadium oxide, aluminum, iron and lime as raw materials, and the mass of aluminum added in each stage is adjusted according to the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium oxide; In the first three stages, the mixtures with predetermined mass ratios are sequentially added into the tilting furnace for smelting, the mixture is formed into a molten pool by starting arc in the first stage, and from the first stage to the third stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is sequentially reduced, the current of the three-phase electrode is sequentially increased, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is sequentially reduced, wherein the slag is discharged once after the second stage is smelted; In the fourth stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is kept greater than or equal to the voltage in the third stage, the current of the three-phase electrode is kept equal to the current in the third stage, the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is kept greater than or equal to the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid in the third stage, and predetermined amounts of aluminum are added in the fourth stage according to the vanadium content in the slag to reduce the vanadium content in the slag or according to the aluminum content in the obtained vanadium-iron alloy to reduce the aluminum content in the vanadium-iron alloy, and finally the slag and iron are discharged and cast into ingot molds, cooled and separated to obtain vanadium-iron alloy.

2. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, The ratio of the mixtures with predetermined mass ratios is 1-2:4-8:1-2, and the mixtures are added in batches in the second stage.

3. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 2, characterized by, The mass of aluminum in the mixture of the first stage is 1.0-1.2 times the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium oxide, the mass of aluminum in the mixture of the second stage is 1.5-2.0 times the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium oxide, and the mass of aluminum in the mixture of the third stage is 0.5-0.8 times the total mass of vanadium in the vanadium oxide.

4. The smelting method for producing ferrovanadium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by, The smelting time of the first stage is 10-15 min, the smelting time of the second stage is 60-100 min, the smelting time of the third stage is 20-30 min, and the smelting time of the fourth stage is 20-30 min.

5. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, In the first stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is 185-195 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is 6.25-12.5 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 950-1050 mm; in the second stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is 150-170 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is 12.5-18.75 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 750-850 mm; in the third stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is 110-150 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is 18.75-25.00 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 450-650 mm; and in the fourth stage, the voltage of the three-phase electrode is 110-150 V, the current of the three-phase electrode is 18.75-25.00 kA, and the depth of the three-phase electrode inserted into the reaction liquid is 450-650 mm.

6. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, Before the second stage slagging, a slag sample in the tilting furnace is taken for detection, and when the vanadium content in the second stage slag is less than 1%, the slagging is performed.

7. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, The step of adding a predetermined amount of aluminum according to the vanadium content in the slag in the fourth stage includes: when the total vanadium content in the fourth stage slag is 1.1%-1.5%, 10-50 kg of aluminum is added.

8. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, The step of adding a predetermined amount of vanadium pentoxide according to the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy in the fourth stage includes: when the aluminum content in the obtained ferrovanadium alloy is 1.6%-2.0%, 10-50 kg of vanadium pentoxide is added.

9. The smelting method of producing ferrovanadium alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, The vanadium-containing oxide is at least one of vanadium pentoxide or vanadium trioxide.

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