Wide axial ratio circularly polarized antenna and communication device

Abstract

The application discloses a wide axial ratio circularly polarized antenna and communication equipment, the wide axial ratio circularly polarized antenna includes bottom dielectric plate, circular metal ground, middle dielectric plate and top dielectric plate which are sequentially stacked and connected from bottom to top, the top dielectric plate has a plurality of metal columns arranged in a square array, two metal columns on the first diagonal of the square array are missing, the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric plate is provided with a feed line, the circular metal ground is provided with a coupling slot coupled with the feed line, the coupling slot is in a cross shape, the coupling slot includes a long slot and a short slot which are perpendicular to each other, and the central axis of the short slot is collinear with the diagonal line of the first diagonal. The wide axial ratio circularly polarized antenna has a novel structure, and circular polarization can be realized through a simple metal column layout; the metal ground is arranged in a circular shape, and the feed slot is modified, so that the axial ratio of the antenna is greatly increased, and the antenna can better adapt to satellite communication while being miniaturized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a wide-axis-ratio circularly polarized antenna and communication device. Background Technology

[0002] An antenna is a device in a radio system that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves. Its essential function is energy conversion; it can also be described as a matching component between the wave source and space. With the continuous increase in communication frequencies, millimeter waves are being used not only in traditional mobile terminals and base stations but also in ground-orbit satellite communications.

[0003] Satellite communication requires antennas to radiate circularly polarized waves. Traditional circularly polarized antennas require a large number of complex feeding networks to form circularly polarized beams, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of antennas. More importantly, the axial ratio bandwidth of traditional circularly polarized antenna structures is very narrow. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna and a communication device having the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna, comprising a bottom dielectric substrate, a circular metal ground, a middle dielectric substrate, and a top dielectric substrate stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The top dielectric substrate has a plurality of metal pillars arranged in a square array. Two of the metal pillars located at the first diagonal corner of the square array are missing. The bottom surface of the bottom dielectric substrate is provided with a feed line. The circular metal ground is provided with a coupling slot coupled to the feed line. The coupling slot is cross-shaped and includes a long slot and a short slot that intersect perpendicularly. The central axis of the short slot is collinear with the diagonal line of the first diagonal corner.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a communication device, including the above-mentioned wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna has a novel structure and can achieve circular polarization through a simple metal pillar layout; by setting the metal ground in a circle and modifying the feed gap, the axial ratio of the antenna is greatly increased, allowing the antenna to be miniaturized while better adapting to satellite communication. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the axial ratio bandwidth of a wide-axis-ratio circularly polarized antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 Perspective view of the initial antenna;

[0012] Figure 4 The axial ratio bandwidth diagram of the initial antenna;

[0013] Figure 5 A perspective view of an antenna modification project;

[0014] Figure 6 A diagram showing the axial ratio bandwidth of an antenna after a modification.

[0015] Figure 7 A perspective view of the modified antenna;

[0016] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the axial ratio bandwidth of the modified antenna.

[0017] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0018] 1. Underlying media board;

[0019] 2. Circular metal base;

[0020] 3. Intermediate layer dielectric substrate;

[0021] 4. Top layer media board;

[0022] 5. Metal column;

[0023] 6. Coupling gap; 61. Long gap; 62. Short gap;

[0024] 7. Feeder cable. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the attached figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0028] Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0029] Furthermore, if the meaning of "and / or" appears throughout the text, it refers to three parallel solutions. For example, "and / or" includes solution 1, solution 2, and solution 3, which simultaneously satisfy the above conditions. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 One embodiment of the present invention is a communication device, including a wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna, which is well-suited for satellite communication requirements.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna includes a bottom dielectric substrate 1, a circular metal ground 2, a middle dielectric substrate 3, and a top dielectric substrate 4 stacked sequentially from bottom to top. The top dielectric substrate 4 has multiple metal pillars 5 arranged in a square array. Two of the metal pillars 5 located at the first diagonal corner of the square array are missing. In other words, the array formed by the multiple metal pillars 5 is not a standard square array. The bottom surface of the bottom dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a feed line 7. The circular metal ground 2 is provided with a coupling slot 6 that is coupled to the feed line 7. The coupling slot 6 is cross-shaped and includes a long slot 61 and a short slot 62 that intersect perpendicularly. The central axis of the short slot 62 is collinear with the diagonal line of the first diagonal corner.

[0034] The projection of the metal ground on the top dielectric substrate 4 covers each of the metal pillars 5. That is, when the top dielectric substrate 4 and the middle dielectric substrate 3 are hidden and the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna is viewed from above, each of the metal pillars 5 is located within the circular metal ground 2.

[0035] Projecting along the thickness direction of the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna, the feed line 7 passes through the intersection of the long slot 61 and the short slot 62, with the feed line 7 forming a 45° angle with both the short slot 62 and the long slot 61. Specifically, the intersection of the long slot 61 and the short slot 62 corresponds to the center of the square array, that is, the centerline of the central metal pillar 5 passes through the intersection of the long slot 61 and the short slot 62.

[0036] In this embodiment, the metal column 5 is cylindrical, with a diameter of 1 mm. The center distance between two adjacent metal columns 5 in the X-axis direction is 1.15 mm, and the center distance between two adjacent metal columns 5 in the Y-axis direction is 1.15 mm.

[0037] Optionally, the height of the metal column 5 is 0.508mm, and the thickness of the top layer medium plate 4 is 0.508mm. That is, the hole on the top layer medium plate 4 for accommodating the metal column 5 is a through hole. In detail, the top surface of the metal column 5 is coplanar with the top surface of the top layer medium plate 4, and the bottom surface of the metal column 5 is coplanar with the bottom surface of the top layer medium plate 4.

[0038] The dielectric constants of the top dielectric substrate 4 and the bottom dielectric substrate 1 are both less than the dielectric constant of the middle dielectric substrate 3. Optionally, the dielectric constant of the top dielectric substrate 4 is equal to the dielectric constant of the bottom dielectric substrate 1; the thickness of the top dielectric substrate 4 is greater than the thickness of the bottom dielectric substrate 1. In this embodiment, the top dielectric substrate 4 and the bottom dielectric substrate 1 are respectively made of Rogers 4350 substrate, and the middle dielectric substrate 3 is made of Rogers 4450 substrate.

[0039] The width of the long slit 61 is smaller than the width of the short slit 62. In this embodiment, the length of the long slit 61 is 4 mm and the width of the long slit 61 is 0.2 mm; the length of the short slit 62 is 1.6 mm and the width of the short slit 62 is 0.3 mm.

[0040] Figure 2 The axial ratio bandwidth diagram of the wide axial ratio circularly polarized antenna of this embodiment is shown. Figure 2 As can be seen from the data, the axial ratio bandwidth of the wide-axis circularly polarized antenna in this embodiment is 27.5-40.5GHz, achieving ultra-wideband.

[0041] Next, I will briefly describe the research and development process of this technical solution:

[0042] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the initial antenna, which includes a bottom dielectric substrate, a square metal ground, a middle dielectric substrate, and a top dielectric substrate stacked together from bottom to top. The top dielectric substrate has multiple metal pillars arranged in a square array (5x5 array). A coupling slot in the shape of a line is provided on the square metal ground. A feed line coupled to the coupling slot is provided on the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric layer. The feed line is perpendicular to the coupling slot.

[0043] Figure 4 The initial antenna axial ratio bandwidth diagram is shown, from Figure 4 It can be seen that the axial ratio of the initial antenna is greater than 3dB throughout the entire frequency band, indicating that the initial antenna is a typical linearly polarized antenna.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a modified antenna, which, based on the initial antenna, removes the two metal pillars located at the first diagonal corner of the square array.

[0045] Figure 6 The axial ratio bandwidth diagram of a modified antenna is shown, from Figure 6 It can be seen that the axial bandwidth of a modified antenna, which is a circularly polarized antenna, can only cover 31.8-38.5GHz.

[0046] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a secondary modified antenna, which improves the square metal ground to a circular metal ground based on the primary modified antenna.

[0047] Figure 8 The axial ratio bandwidth diagram of the secondary modified antenna is shown. Figure 8 It can be seen that the modified antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, and its axial bandwidth is increased to 30.5-40 GHz.

[0048] The wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna of this embodiment is based on the secondary modified antenna. The straight coupling slot is improved into a cross-shaped coupling slot. The two straight slots in the cross-shaped coupling slot are of different lengths, and the central axis of the shorter slot is collinear with the diagonal line of the first diagonal, thus obtaining the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna of this embodiment.

[0049] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide axial ratio circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that: The device comprises a bottom dielectric substrate, a circular metal ground, a middle dielectric substrate, and a top dielectric substrate, which are stacked and connected sequentially from bottom to top. The top dielectric substrate has multiple metal pillars arranged in a square array. Two of the metal pillars located at the first diagonal corner of the square array are missing. The bottom surface of the bottom dielectric substrate is provided with a feed line. The circular metal ground is provided with a coupling gap that couples with the feed line. The coupling gap is cross-shaped and includes a long gap and a short gap that intersect perpendicularly. The central axis of the short gap is collinear with the diagonal line of the first diagonal corner.

2. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: The projection of the metal ground onto the top layer medium plate covers each of the metal pillars.

3. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: Projecting along the thickness direction of the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna, the feed line passes through the intersection of the long slot and the short slot.

4. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 3, wherein: Projecting along the thickness direction of the wide-axis ratio circularly polarized antenna, the feed line forms a 45° angle with both the short and long slots.

5. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the metal column is 1 mm, the center distance between two adjacent metal columns in the X-axis direction is 1.15 mm, and the center distance between two adjacent metal columns in the Y-axis direction is 1.15 mm.

6. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: The height of the metal column is 0.508 mm, and the thickness of the top layer medium plate is 0.508 mm.

7. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: The dielectric constants of the top layer dielectric substrate and the bottom layer dielectric substrate are both less than the dielectric constant of the middle layer dielectric substrate.

8. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 7, wherein: The dielectric constant of the top dielectric substrate is equal to that of the bottom dielectric substrate.

9. The wide aspect ratio circularly polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein: The width of the long slit is smaller than the width of the short slit.

10. A communications device, characterized by: Includes the wide-axis-ratio circularly polarized antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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