A working method for controlling a winch through a hydraulic system

Abstract

The present invention provides a working method for controlling a winch through a hydraulic system. In the hydraulic system, when a pressure compensating valve receives hydraulic oil, the pressure compensating valve outputs a path of hydraulic oil to drive an executive element to move, and at the same time, the pressure compensating valve outputs a path of signal oil to conduct a signal amplifier, thereby generating a load signal for a variable pump station. The variable pump station increases the output of the hydraulic oil. When the output of the hydraulic oil between the variable pump station and the executive element increases, the oil pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic oil both increase, thereby shortening the time for the hydraulic oil to be transported from the variable pump station to the executive element, shortening the reaction time between the variable pump station and the executive element, achieving a rapid response between the variable pump station and the executive element, and at the same time increasing the displacement of the output hydraulic oil, thereby achieving full load operation of the executive element at the maximum speed, and having good reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of winch hydraulics, and in particular to a working method for controlling a winch through a hydraulic system. Background Art

[0002] Various actuators, such as winches, are driven by multi-way valves, which drive the winches in different directions. Patent application number 201810521144.X in China, published on October 16, 2018, discloses a three-position, five-way, load-port independently controlled multi-way valve with a Y-shaped neutral position. Each valve section includes a pressure compensator, two three-position, five-way directional control valves, two three-way pressure reducing valves, and a check valve. Each section has identical component connections and shares a unified oil inlet line (P), oil return line (T), and load feedback line (LS). The corresponding pressure output by the pressure reducing valve controls the opening of the two directional control valves to control the actuator's speed and direction.

[0003] When driving the pressure compensator to switch direction, the multi-way valve needs to detect whether the pressure of the actuator has reached the maximum load pressure. When the maximum load pressure has not been reached, the load oil circuit and the pressure compensator are cut off, and the feedback signal cannot be transmitted. At the same time, the multi-way valve controls the switching of the two reversing valves separately through the proportional pressure reducing valve. When the hydraulic cylinder is actuated, the switching of different reversing valves needs to be controlled separately, which makes the operation complicated. At the same time, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system cannot be accelerated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a working method for controlling a winch through a hydraulic system. When a pressure compensation valve receives hydraulic oil, it outputs a feedback signal, causing a variable pump station to increase the output of the hydraulic oil and accelerate the flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system without detecting the load pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic system can be controlled only by controlling the reversing of the multi-way valve, and the operation is simple.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a working method of controlling a winch by a hydraulic system, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, the multi-way valve switches in one direction, the output end of the variable pump station outputs hydraulic oil to the oil inlet pipe P, the hydraulic oil flows through the oil inlet pipe P and is input into the C1 port of the multi-way valve, and flows out from D1 of the multi-way valve.

[0007] S2. The hydraulic oil flows into the control end of the pressure compensating valve, turning on the pressure compensating valve. The hydraulic oil flows from the input end of the pressure compensating valve to the output end of the pressure compensating valve, and flows out from the output end of the pressure compensating valve.

[0008] S3: A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the output end of the pressure compensating valve flows to the first shuttle valve, then into the LS feedback oil circuit. Through the LS feedback oil circuit, it flows into the first oil port of the pressure compensating valve. From the first oil port of the pressure compensating valve, it flows to the second oil port of the pressure compensating valve. From the second oil port of the pressure compensating valve, it flows into the LY feedback oil circuit. Through the LY feedback oil circuit, it flows into the control end of the signal amplifier, turning on the signal amplifier. A portion of the hydraulic oil output from the oil inlet line P passes through the signal amplifier, increasing the output of the hydraulic oil. S4: Another portion of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the output end of the pressure compensating valve flows to port P1 of the multi-way valve, out of port B1 of the multi-way valve, and then to the actuator.

[0009] S5. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the winch.

[0010] S6. Another part of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows to the capstan through the first one-way valve, then flows from the A1 port of the multi-way valve to the T1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows into the return oil line T, driving the capstan to move in one direction.

[0011] S7. If the winch needs to be driven in another direction, proceed to S8.

[0012] S8, the multi-way valve changes direction, and the other part of the hydraulic oil flowing out from the output end of the pressure compensation valve flows to the P1 port of the multi-way valve, flows out from the A1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows to the actuator.

[0013] S9. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the winch.

[0014] S10. Another part of the hydraulic oil flows into the actuator and flows into the control end of the first relief valve, opens the first relief valve and flows to the capstan, then flows from the B1 port of the multi-way valve to the T1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows into the return oil pipeline T, driving the capstan to move in the other direction.

[0015] In the above method, when the multi-way valve is reversed, the multi-way valve and the pressure compensating valve are connected, the hydraulic oil output by the variable pump station is input into the oil inlet pipe P, and then flows into the pressure compensating valve through the C1 port of the multi-way valve, and then the hydraulic oil is output from the pressure compensating valve. A part of the hydraulic oil flows through the LS feedback oil circuit and the LY feedback oil circuit through the first shuttle valve, and then flows to the control end of the signal amplifier, so that the signal amplifier is turned on, and then the hydraulic oil output from the output end of the variable pump station enters the feedback end of the variable pump station, and a part of the hydraulic oil flows into the P1 port of the multi-way valve and then flows to the actuator, and drives the actuator to operate.

[0016] When the pressure compensating valve receives hydraulic oil, it outputs one channel of hydraulic oil to drive the actuator to operate, and at the same time, it outputs one channel of signal oil to conduct the signal amplifier and output a feedback signal, so that the variable pump station increases the output of hydraulic oil and speeds up the flow rate of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system without detecting load pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic system can be controlled only by controlling the reversing of the multi-way valve, which is simple to operate.

[0017] When the output of the hydraulic oil between the variable pump station and the actuator increases, the oil pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil also increase, thereby shortening the time for the hydraulic oil to be transported from the variable pump station to the actuator, shortening the reaction time between the variable pump station and the actuator; achieving a rapid response between the variable pump station and the actuator; at the same time, increasing the displacement of the output hydraulic oil, enabling the actuator to work at full load at maximum speed, with good reliability.

[0018] When driving the actuator, the hydraulic oil output by the pressure compensation valve flows through the multi-way valve and the first one-way valve and is input into the capstan, then flows back to the multi-way valve and flows into the oil tank, so that the capstan moves in one direction. When the capstan moves in the other direction, the multi-way valve is reversed to make the capstan move in the other direction. When the capstan moves in different directions, the pressure compensation valve will output a signal oil to the signal amplifier; the reliability is good.

[0019] Furthermore, the hydraulic system includes an oil inlet line P, an oil return line T, a multi-way valve, a pressure compensating valve, an actuator and a feedback oil circuit, the oil inlet line P is connected to the first end of the multi-way valve and the variable pump station, the oil return line T is connected to the first end of the multi-way valve and the oil tank, the variable pump station is connected to the oil tank, the second end of the multi-way valve is connected to the control end and the input end of the pressure compensating valve, the output end of the pressure compensating valve is connected to the first input end of the first shuttle valve and the first end of the multi-way valve, and the second end of the multi-way valve is also connected to the actuator.

[0020] When hydraulic oil is input into the pressure compensating valve, the pressure compensating valve connects the multi-way valve and the feedback oil circuit. The pressure compensating valve is also provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, and the first oil port is connected to the second oil port; the feedback oil circuit includes the LY feedback oil circuit and the LS feedback oil circuit.

[0021] One end of the LS feedback oil circuit is connected to the first oil port of the pressure compensation valve, and the other end of the LS feedback oil circuit is connected to the variable pump station.

[0022] One end of the LY feedback oil circuit is connected to the first oil port of the pressure compensation valve, the other end of the LY feedback oil circuit is connected to the control end of the signal amplifier, the input end of the signal amplifier is connected to the oil inlet pipeline P, and the output end of the signal amplifier is connected to the feedback end of the variable pump station.

[0023] The actuator includes a capstan, a first overflow valve and a first check valve. The capstan is connected to the second end of the multi-way valve. The first overflow valve and the first check valve are arranged between the multi-way valve and the capstan. The input end of the first check valve is connected to the multi-way valve, and the output end of the first check valve is connected to the capstan; the output end and the control end of the first overflow valve are connected to the multi-way valve, and the input end of the first overflow valve is connected to the capstan.

[0024] In the above hydraulic system, the first oil port and the second oil port in the pressure compensating valve are connected, thereby realizing the connection between the LS feedback oil circuit and the LY feedback oil circuit; the feedback signal is input into the signal amplifier through the feedback oil circuit, and the hydraulic system is simple; at the same time, the control end and the input end of the pressure compensating valve are both connected to the multi-way valve. When the multi-way valve outputs hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil can be directly input into the control end of the pressure compensating valve, thereby realizing that when the hydraulic system is loaded, the feedback signal is output through the pressure compensating valve, and the reliability is good.

[0025] Furthermore, a second one-way valve is connected between the oil inlet pipeline P and the input end of the signal amplifier.

[0026] The above arrangement prevents the hydraulic oil output from the oil inlet line P from flowing back by providing the second one-way valve.

[0027] Furthermore, an unloading relief valve is connected between the oil inlet pipeline P and the oil return pipeline T.

[0028] The above setting, by setting the unloading relief valve, when the actuator stops moving, the unloading relief valve is opened to unload, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet line P flows into the oil return line T through the unloading relief valve, and then flows into the oil tank.

[0029] Furthermore, the actuator also includes a second shuttle valve, a first pressure reducing valve and a normally closed brake; the input end of the second shuttle valve is connected to the output end of the variable pump station, the output end of the second shuttle valve is connected to the input end of the first pressure reducing valve, and the output end of the first pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil cylinder of the normally closed brake; the brake disc of the normally closed brake acts on the winch.

[0030] The above hydraulic system brakes the capstan through the normally closed brake. When the capstan needs to be driven, a part of the hydraulic oil output from the P1 port of the multi-way valve flows into the second shuttle valve, and then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the capstan, with good reliability. When the reversing valve is reset to the middle position, the hydraulic oil stops being input; the hydraulic oil flows back from the oil cylinder of the normally closed brake to the reversing valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Flowchart of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2The hydraulic principle diagram of the actuator in the hydraulic system of the present invention is implemented.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a hydraulic principle diagram for realizing the oil supply of the multi-way valve to the actuator in the hydraulic system of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Magnified view of the middle Z. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a working method of controlling a winch by a hydraulic system is provided. The hydraulic system includes an oil inlet line P, an oil return line T, a multi-way valve 1, a pressure compensating valve 2, an actuator 3 and a feedback oil circuit. The oil inlet line P is connected to a first end of the multi-way valve 1 and a variable pump station (not shown in the figure), the oil return line T is connected to a first end of the multi-way valve 1 and an oil tank (not shown in the figure), the variable pump station is connected to the oil tank, the second end of the multi-way valve 1 is connected to a control end 23 of the pressure compensating valve and an input end 24 of the pressure compensating valve, the output end 25 of the pressure compensating valve is connected to a first input end of a first shuttle valve 5 and a first end of the multi-way valve 1, and the second end of the multi-way valve 1 is also connected to the actuator 3.

[0037] When hydraulic oil is input into the pressure compensating valve 2, the pressure compensating valve 2 connects the multi-way valve 1 and the feedback oil circuit. The pressure compensating valve 2 is also provided with a first oil port 21 and a second oil port 22, and the first oil port 21 is connected to the second oil port 22; the feedback oil circuit includes the LY feedback oil circuit and the LS feedback oil circuit.

[0038] One end of the LS feedback oil circuit is connected to the first oil port 21 of the pressure compensation valve 2 , and the other end of the LS feedback oil circuit is connected to the variable pump station.

[0039] One end of the LY feedback oil circuit is connected to the first oil port 21 of the pressure compensation valve 2, the other end of the LY feedback oil circuit is connected to the control end of the signal amplifier 4, the input end of the signal amplifier 4 is connected to the oil inlet pipeline P, and the output end of the signal amplifier 4 is connected to the feedback end of the variable pump station.

[0040] In the above hydraulic system, the first oil port 21 and the second oil port 22 in the pressure compensating valve 2 are connected, thereby realizing the connection between the LS feedback oil circuit and the LY feedback oil circuit; the feedback signal is input into the signal amplifier 4 through the feedback oil circuit, and the hydraulic system is simple; at the same time, the control end 23 of the pressure compensating valve and the input end 24 of the pressure compensating valve are both connected to the multi-way valve 1. When the multi-way valve 1 outputs hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil can be directly input into the control end of the pressure compensating valve 2, thereby realizing that when the hydraulic system is loaded, the feedback signal is output through the pressure compensating valve 2, and the reliability is good.

[0041] The hydraulic oil output by the variable pump station is input into the oil inlet pipeline P, then flows into an oil port of the multi-way valve 1, then flows through the pressure compensating valve 2, and then outputs the hydraulic oil from the pressure compensating valve 2. Part of the hydraulic oil flows into the other oil port of the multi-way valve 1 and then flows to the actuator 3, driving the actuator 3 to operate; part of the hydraulic oil flows into the LS feedback oil circuit through the first shuttle valve 5, then flows through the first oil port 21 and the second oil port 22 of the pressure compensating valve 2 into the LY feedback oil circuit, and then flows to the control end of the signal amplifier 4, making the signal amplifier 4 turned on, and then the hydraulic oil output from the output end of the variable pump station enters the feedback end of the variable pump station.

[0042] When the pressure compensating valve 2 receives hydraulic oil, the pressure compensating valve 2 outputs one channel of hydraulic oil to drive the actuator 3 to operate, and at the same time, the pressure compensating valve 2 outputs one channel of signal oil to conduct the signal amplifier 4, generating a load signal for the variable pump station. The variable pump station increases the output of the hydraulic oil. When the output of the hydraulic oil between the variable pump station and the actuator 3 increases, the oil pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic oil both increase, thereby shortening the time for the hydraulic oil to be transported from the variable pump station to the actuator 3, shortening the reaction time between the variable pump station and the actuator 3, and realizing a rapid response between the variable pump station and the actuator 3. At the same time, the displacement of the output hydraulic oil is increased, so that the actuator 3 can work at full load at the maximum speed, with good reliability.

[0043] In the oil circuit of the multi-way valve 1, when the control end of the pressure compensator receives hydraulic oil, the input and output ends of the pressure compensator are connected, regardless of the pressure of the hydraulic system, and the output feedback signal can be quickly generated when there is a load.

[0044] The actuator 3 includes a capstan 31, a first overflow valve 32 and a first one-way valve 33. The capstan 31 is connected to the second end of the multi-way valve 1. The first overflow valve 32 and the first one-way valve 33 are arranged between the multi-way valve 1 and the capstan 31. The input end of the first one-way valve 33 is connected to the multi-way valve 1, and the output end of the first one-way valve 33 is connected to the capstan 31; the output end and the control end of the first overflow valve 32 are connected to the multi-way valve 1, and the input end of the first overflow valve 32 is connected to the capstan 31. When driving the actuator 3, the hydraulic oil output by the pressure compensating valve 2 flows through the multi-way valve 1 and the first one-way valve 33 and is input into the capstan 31, then flows back to the multi-way valve 1 and flows into the oil tank, so that the capstan 31 moves in one direction. When the capstan 31 moves in the other direction, the multi-way valve 1 is reversed, so that the capstan 31 moves in the other direction; when the capstan 31 moves in different directions, the pressure compensating valve 2 will output a signal oil to the signal amplifier 4; the reliability is good.

[0045] Actuator 3 also includes a second shuttle valve 34, a first pressure-reducing valve 35, and a normally closed brake 36. The input of second shuttle valve 34 is connected to the output of the variable pump station, the output of second shuttle valve 34 is connected to the input of first pressure-reducing valve 35, and the output of first pressure-reducing valve 35 is connected to the oil cylinder of normally closed brake 36. The brake disc of normally closed brake 36 acts on winch 31. Normally closed brake 36 brakes winch 31. When winch 31 needs to be actuated, a portion of the hydraulic oil output from port P1 of multi-way valve 1 flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through first pressure-reducing valve 35 and into normally closed brake 36, releasing the brake on winch 31. This provides high reliability. When the reversing valve returns to the neutral position, the hydraulic oil input stops, and the hydraulic oil flows back from the oil cylinder of normally closed brake 36 into the reversing valve.

[0046] In this embodiment, a second one-way valve 6 is connected between the oil inlet line P and the input end of the signal amplifier 4. By providing the second one-way valve 6, the hydraulic oil output from the oil inlet line P is prevented from flowing back. An unloading relief valve 7 is also connected between the oil inlet line P and the return oil line T. When the actuator 3 stops moving, the unloading relief valve 7 is opened to unload, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet line P flows into the return oil line T through the unloading relief valve, and then flows into the oil tank.

[0047] The working method of controlling the winch by the hydraulic system includes the following steps:

[0048] S1, the multi-way valve switches in one direction, the output end of the variable pump station outputs hydraulic oil to the oil inlet pipe P, the hydraulic oil flows through the oil inlet pipe P and is input into the C1 port of the multi-way valve, and flows out from D1 of the multi-way valve.

[0049] S2. The hydraulic oil flows into the control end of the pressure compensating valve, turning on the pressure compensating valve. The hydraulic oil flows from the input end of the pressure compensating valve to the output end of the pressure compensating valve, and flows out from the output end of the pressure compensating valve.

[0050] S3. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing out from the output end of the pressure compensating valve flows to the first shuttle valve, then flows into the LS feedback oil circuit, and flows into the first oil port of the pressure compensating valve through the LS feedback oil circuit, then flows from the first oil port of the pressure compensating valve to the second oil port of the pressure compensating valve, and then flows from the second oil port of the pressure compensating valve into the LY feedback oil circuit, and flows into the control end of the signal amplifier through the LY feedback oil circuit; the signal amplifier is turned on; a portion of the hydraulic oil output from the oil inlet pipeline P increases the output of the hydraulic oil after passing through the signal amplifier.

[0051] In this embodiment, a portion of the hydraulic oil output from the oil inlet line P flows from the input end of the signal amplifier to the output end of the signal amplifier and then into the feedback end of the variable pump station, which increases the output of the hydraulic oil. An initial output flow rate and a load output flow rate of the hydraulic oil are set, with the load output flow rate being greater than the initial output flow rate. When the variable pump station is started, the hydraulic oil flow rate output by the variable pump station is the initial output flow rate. After the feedback signal passes through the signal amplifier and is input to the feedback end of the variable pump station, the hydraulic oil flow rate output by the variable pump station is the load output flow rate.

[0052] S4. Another part of the hydraulic oil flowing out from the output end of the pressure compensation valve flows to the P1 port of the multi-way valve, flows out from the B1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows to the actuator.

[0053] S5. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the winch.

[0054] S6. Another part of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows to the capstan through the first one-way valve, then flows from the A1 port of the multi-way valve to the T1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows into the return oil line T, driving the capstan to move in one direction.

[0055] S7. If the winch needs to be driven in another direction, proceed to S8.

[0056] S8, the multi-way valve changes direction, and the other part of the hydraulic oil flowing out from the output end of the pressure compensation valve flows to the P1 port of the multi-way valve, flows out from the A1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows to the actuator.

[0057] S9. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the winch.

[0058] S10. Another part of the hydraulic oil flows into the actuator and flows into the control end of the first relief valve, opens the first relief valve and flows to the capstan, then flows from the B1 port of the multi-way valve to the T1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows into the return oil pipeline T, driving the capstan to move in the other direction.

[0059] In the above method, when the multi-way valve is reversed, the multi-way valve and the pressure compensating valve are connected, the hydraulic oil output by the variable pump station is input into the oil inlet pipe P, and then flows into the pressure compensating valve through the C1 port of the multi-way valve, and then the hydraulic oil is output from the pressure compensating valve. A part of the hydraulic oil flows through the LS feedback oil circuit and the LY feedback oil circuit through the first shuttle valve, and then flows to the control end of the signal amplifier, so that the signal amplifier is turned on, and then the hydraulic oil output from the output end of the variable pump station enters the feedback end of the variable pump station, and a part of the hydraulic oil flows into the P1 port of the multi-way valve and then flows to the actuator, and drives the actuator to operate.

[0060] When the pressure compensating valve receives hydraulic oil, it outputs one channel of hydraulic oil to drive the actuator to operate, and at the same time, it outputs one channel of signal oil to conduct the signal amplifier and output a feedback signal, so that the variable pump station increases the output of hydraulic oil and speeds up the flow rate of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic system without detecting load pressure. At the same time, the hydraulic system can be controlled only by controlling the reversing of the multi-way valve, which is simple to operate.

[0061] When the output of the hydraulic oil between the variable pump station and the actuator increases, the oil pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil also increase, thereby shortening the time for the hydraulic oil to be transported from the variable pump station to the actuator, shortening the reaction time between the variable pump station and the actuator; achieving a rapid response between the variable pump station and the actuator; at the same time, increasing the displacement of the output hydraulic oil, enabling the actuator to work at full load at maximum speed, with good reliability.

[0062] When driving the actuator, the hydraulic oil output by the pressure compensation valve flows through the multi-way valve and the first one-way valve and is input into the capstan, then flows back to the multi-way valve and flows into the oil tank, so that the capstan moves in one direction. When the capstan moves in the other direction, the multi-way valve is reversed to make the capstan move in the other direction. When the capstan moves in different directions, the pressure compensation valve will output a signal oil to the signal amplifier; the reliability is good.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a winch by a hydraulic system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the multi-way valve is switched in one direction, the output end of the variable pump station outputs the hydraulic oil to the oil inlet pipe P, the hydraulic oil flows through the oil inlet pipe P and is input to the C1 port of the multi-way valve, and flows out from the D1 of the multi-way valve; S2, hydraulic oil flows into the control end of the pressure compensating valve, turning on the pressure compensating valve, and the hydraulic oil flows from the input end of the pressure compensating valve to the output end of the pressure compensating valve, and flows out from the output end of the pressure compensating valve; S3. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the output end of the pressure compensating valve flows to the first shuttle valve, then flows into the LS feedback oil circuit, and then flows into the first oil port of the pressure compensating valve through the LS feedback oil circuit. Then, it flows from the first oil port of the pressure compensating valve to the second oil port of the pressure compensating valve, and then flows from the second oil port of the pressure compensating valve into the LY feedback oil circuit, and then flows into the control end of the signal amplifier through the LY feedback oil circuit; the signal amplifier is turned on; a portion of the hydraulic oil output from the oil inlet pipeline P increases the output of the hydraulic oil after passing through the signal amplifier; S4, another part of the hydraulic oil flowing out from the output end of the pressure compensation valve flows to the P1 port of the multi-way valve, flows out from the B1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows to the actuator; S5. A portion of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the winch; S6, another part of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows to the capstan through the first one-way valve, then flows from the A1 port of the multi-way valve to the T1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows into the return oil pipeline T, driving the capstan to move in one direction; S7, if the winch needs to be driven in another direction, proceed to S8; S8, the multi-way valve is switched, and the other part of the hydraulic oil flowing out of the output end of the pressure compensation valve flows to the P1 port of the multi-way valve, flows out from the A1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows to the actuator; S9, a portion of the hydraulic oil flowing into the actuator flows into the second shuttle valve, then flows through the first pressure reducing valve and is input into the normally closed brake, so that the normally closed brake releases the brake on the winch; S10. Another part of the hydraulic oil flows into the actuator and flows into the control end of the first relief valve, opens the first relief valve and flows to the capstan, then flows from the B1 port of the multi-way valve to the T1 port of the multi-way valve, and then flows into the return oil pipeline T, driving the capstan to move in the other direction.

2. The method for controlling a winch by a hydraulic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic system includes an oil inlet line P, an oil return line T, a multi-way valve, a pressure compensating valve, an actuator, and a feedback oil circuit, and is characterized in that: the oil inlet line P is connected to the first end of the multi-way valve and the variable pump station, the oil return line T is connected to the first end of the multi-way valve and the oil tank, the variable pump station is connected to the oil tank, the second end of the multi-way valve is connected to the control end and the input end of the pressure compensating valve, the output end of the pressure compensating valve is connected to the first input end of the first shuttle valve and the first end of the multi-way valve, and the second end of the multi-way valve is also connected to the actuator; When hydraulic oil is input into the pressure compensating valve, the pressure compensating valve conducts the multi-way valve and the feedback oil circuit. The pressure compensating valve is also provided with a first oil port and a second oil port, and the first oil port is connected to the second oil port; the feedback oil circuit includes the LY feedback oil circuit and the LS feedback oil circuit; One end of the LS feedback oil circuit is connected to the first oil port of the pressure compensation valve, and the other end of the LS feedback oil circuit is connected to the variable pump station; One end of the LY feedback oil circuit is connected to the first oil port of the pressure compensation valve, the other end of the LY feedback oil circuit is connected to the control end of the signal amplifier, the input end of the signal amplifier is connected to the oil inlet pipeline P, and the output end of the signal amplifier is connected to the feedback end of the variable pump station; The actuator includes a capstan, a first overflow valve and a first check valve. The capstan is connected to the second end of the multi-way valve. The first overflow valve and the first check valve are arranged between the multi-way valve and the capstan. The input end of the first check valve is connected to the multi-way valve, and the output end of the first check valve is connected to the capstan; the output end and the control end of the first overflow valve are connected to the multi-way valve, and the input end of the first overflow valve is connected to the capstan.

3. The method for controlling a winch by a hydraulic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second one-way valve is connected between the oil inlet pipeline P and the input end of the signal amplifier.

4. The method for controlling a winch by a hydraulic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An unloading relief valve is also connected between the oil inlet pipeline P and the oil return pipeline T.

5. The method for controlling a winch by a hydraulic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actuator also includes a second shuttle valve, a first pressure reducing valve and a normally closed brake; the input end of the second shuttle valve is connected to the output end of the variable pump station, the output end of the second shuttle valve is connected to the input end of the first pressure reducing valve, and the output end of the first pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil cylinder of the normally closed brake; the brake disc of the normally closed brake acts on the winch.

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