A method for carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide desorption, and particularly relates to a carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method, which comprises the following steps: step one, rich liquid conveying: conveying the rich liquid after phase change separation to a desorption device; step two, rich liquid heating: heating the rich liquid by the desorption device; step three, desorption: completing the desorption process of the heated rich liquid by the desorption device; step four, carbon dioxide exhaust: exhausting the heated carbon dioxide by the desorption device for collection; and step five, poor liquid exhaust: exhausting the poor liquid after the desorption in the desorption device is completed; the device is provided with a detection assembly and a reflux assembly, and the secondary desorption of the secondary rich liquid is beneficial to reducing the heat loss and desorbing the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid sufficiently, so as to improve the separation efficiency of the carbon dioxide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide desorption, and more particularly to a carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method. Background Technology

[0002] Phase change absorbents are named for the phase separation phenomenon between the absorbent and the absorption products that occurs during the absorption of carbon dioxide. Based on the form of their reaction products, phase change absorbents can be divided into two categories: liquid-solid phase change absorbents and liquid-liquid phase change absorbents. In the latter, the reaction products of the absorbent still exist in the form of a liquid phase after absorbing carbon dioxide, but due to different carbon dioxide loads, lean and rich solutions will be separated into two distinct phases.

[0003] After phase separation, the rich liquid is transported to the desorption tower. Through heating and desorption, the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is separated and overflowed, and the rich liquid is transformed into a lean liquid, thus completing the separation of carbon dioxide. During the carbon dioxide desorption process, after carbon dioxide enters the desorption tower, there is a situation where carbon dioxide is not fully separated and overflows, resulting in a high carbon dioxide content in the desorbed lean liquid, which affects the carbon dioxide separation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, Rich Solution Transport: The rich solution after phase change separation is transported to the desorption unit;

[0007] Step 2, Heating the rich solution: The rich solution is heated using a desorption device;

[0008] Step 3, Desorption: The desorption process of the heated rich solution is completed using a desorption device;

[0009] Step 4, Carbon dioxide exhaust: The heated carbon dioxide is exhausted and collected using a desorption device;

[0010] Step 5: Drain the lean solution: Drain the lean solution from inside the desorption device after desorption is complete;

[0011] The desorption device mentioned in steps one to five includes a desorption tower, and further includes:

[0012] Heating components are used to heat the rich solution to the desorption temperature;

[0013] The desorption assembly, located inside the desorption tower, is used to desorb the rich liquid;

[0014] The detection component, connected to the desorption component, is used to detect the carbon dioxide content of the liquid entering the detection component after desorption. When the detection component detects that the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is higher than a set value, the liquid is considered as a secondary rich liquid. When the detection component detects that the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is lower than the set value, the liquid is considered as a lean liquid.

[0015] A drainage component, connected to the detection component, is used to drain the low-quality fluid inside the detection component;

[0016] The reflux assembly is used to transport the secondary rich solution inside the detection assembly to the heating assembly for reheating and desorption;

[0017] An exhaust assembly, connected to the top of the desorption assembly, is used to exhaust the carbon dioxide gas generated during desorption.

[0018] After phase separation, the rich liquid is externally supplied to the heating element, where it is heated. The heated rich liquid is then supplied to the desorption element, where carbon dioxide is desorbed and released. The released carbon dioxide is discharged through the exhaust element and collected for further processing. The remaining liquid, after one desorption cycle, is then supplied to the detection element. The detection element measures the carbon dioxide content in the liquid. A preset carbon dioxide value is input before desorption, and the detected carbon dioxide content is compared with this value. If the carbon dioxide content is higher than the preset value, the liquid is considered a secondary rich liquid; if the carbon dioxide content is lower than the preset value, the liquid is considered a lean liquid. When the liquid flowing into the detection element is lean, the lean liquid in the detection element is drained through the drainage element. The lean liquid is discharged and sent to the absorption tower for carbon dioxide absorption again. When the liquid flowing into the detection component is secondary rich liquid, it is sent from the reflux component to the heating component for reheating, and then enters the desorption component for desorption again. At this time, after completing the first desorption, the temperature of the secondary rich liquid is close to the desorption temperature, so the heat consumption during the reheating is low. If the secondary rich liquid is discharged to the absorption tower for carbon dioxide absorption, it needs to be cooled to the absorption temperature, resulting in heat loss. Therefore, by setting up the detection component and the reflux component, the secondary rich liquid is desorbed a second time, which helps to reduce heat loss and helps to fully desorb and overflow the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid, thereby improving the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0019] Preferably, the detection component includes:

[0020] The second receiving hopper is fixed inside the desorption tower and is used to receive the liquid discharged by the desorption assembly;

[0021] A carbon dioxide detector is fixed to the side wall of the second receiving hopper and is used to detect the carbon dioxide content in the liquid inside the second receiving hopper.

[0022] A drain pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second receiving hopper and is used to drain the lean liquid inside the second receiving hopper to the drain assembly; a second solenoid valve for controlling the draining of the drain pipe is installed inside the drain pipe.

[0023] A circulation pump connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second receiving hopper and is used to discharge the secondary rich liquid inside the second receiving hopper to the reflux assembly; a fourth solenoid valve for controlling the discharge of liquid from the circulation pump connecting pipe is installed inside the circulation pump connecting pipe.

[0024] The liquid discharged downwards from the first receiving hopper gathers inside the second receiving hopper. A carbon dioxide detector measures the carbon dioxide content of the liquid inside the second receiving hopper. When the detected carbon dioxide content is higher than a set value, the liquid is classified as secondary rich liquid. At this time, the fourth solenoid valve is opened and the second solenoid valve is closed, allowing the secondary rich liquid to enter the reflux assembly along the circulation pump connecting pipe. When the detected carbon dioxide content is lower than the set value, the liquid is classified as lean liquid. At this time, the second solenoid valve is opened and the fourth solenoid valve is closed, allowing the lean liquid to enter the drainage assembly along the drainage pipe. This process detects the carbon dioxide content of the rich liquid after one desorption, and the desorbed rich liquid is then transported separately. This facilitates the separate discharge and reflux of the rich liquid for secondary desorption when carbon dioxide is not completely desorbed and discharged, thereby improving the desorption and separation efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0025] Preferred options also include:

[0026] A storage component is connected between the reflux component and the heating component, so that the secondary rich liquid flowing out of the reflux component is transported to the heating component after passing through the storage component;

[0027] The storage component is used to store the secondary rich liquid flowing out of the reflux component, so that it can be delivered to the heating component for heating after the secondary rich liquid reaches a certain level.

[0028] The liquid inlet control component includes a fifth solenoid valve that controls the liquid inlet from the storage component to the heating component, and a sixth solenoid valve that controls the liquid inlet from the external rich liquid to the heating component, so as to regulate the single liquid inlet of the storage component and the external rich liquid.

[0029] The control unit is used to control the liquid inlet regulation component to adjust the liquid inlet between the storage component and the heating component when the liquid inlet in the storage component reaches the quota, and to control the liquid inlet regulation component to adjust the liquid inlet between the external rich liquid and the heating component when the liquid inlet in the storage component does not reach the quota.

[0030] The secondary rich solution discharged along the circulation pipe enters the connected storage component for storage. Once the stored secondary rich solution reaches the quota, the control unit controls the liquid inlet regulating component to open the fifth solenoid valve and close the sixth solenoid valve. It also controls the storage component to transport the secondary rich solution to the heating component, facilitating unified heating and secondary desorption after the secondary rich solution has reached the quota. By controlling the rate at which the secondary rich solution is transported from the storage component to the heating component, the heating time within the heating component is adjusted, thereby controlling the heating temperature of the secondary rich solution and avoiding heat energy waste. When the secondary rich solution in the storage component has not reached the quota, the control unit controls the opening of the sixth solenoid valve and the closing of the fifth solenoid valve, allowing external rich solution to enter the heating component for heating and direct desorption.

[0031] Preferably, the storage component includes:

[0032] A circulating liquid collection tank, fixed to the outer wall of the desorption tower, is used to store the secondary rich liquid discharged from the reflux assembly; the bottom of the circulating liquid collection tank is connected to the reflux assembly.

[0033] A delivery pump is fixed to the inner wall of the circulating liquid collection tank. The delivery pump is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the circulating liquid collection tank through a delivery pump inlet pipe, and the delivery pump is connected to the heating component through a delivery pump outlet pipe.

[0034] The first pressure sensor is fixed to the inner wall of the circulating liquid collection tank by an annular fixing plate;

[0035] The first float plate floats on the liquid surface inside the circulating liquid collection tank. After the secondary rich liquid inside the circulating liquid collection tank reaches the quota, the first float plate squeezes the first pressure sensor.

[0036] The secondary rich solution is transported to the interior of the circulating collection tank via a circulation pipeline. After entering the tank, the first float plate, which is floating on the surface, moves upward as the liquid level rises. Once the secondary rich solution reaches a certain level, the top of the upward-moving float plate presses against the first pressure sensor. Upon receiving pressure information from the sensor, the control unit starts the delivery pump and simultaneously opens the fifth solenoid valve and closes the sixth solenoid valve. This allows the secondary rich solution to flow from the tank through the delivery pump outlet pipe and the rich solution inlet pipe into the heating tube for secondary heating. The delivery pump inlet pipe connects to the bottom of the circulating collection tank's interior, facilitating the complete drainage of the secondary rich solution. After the tank is emptied, the control unit shuts off the delivery pump and simultaneously closes the fifth solenoid valve and opens the sixth solenoid valve, continuing this process until the first pressure sensor receives pressure information again.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. By setting up the detection component and the reflux component, the secondary rich liquid is desorbed again, which helps to reduce heat loss and allows carbon dioxide in the rich liquid to be fully desorbed and overflowed, thereby improving the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0039] 2. By setting up the heat exchange components, the rich solution is preheated by exchanging heat with the lean solution before being transported to the heating components. This preheating of the rich solution reduces the heat required to raise its temperature to the desorption temperature. Furthermore, by exchanging heat from the lean solution to the rich solution, heat waste after the lean solution is discharged is reduced, thus reducing energy consumption. In addition, preheating reduces the heating time of the rich solution, which helps to increase the inflow rate of the rich solution and improve the desorption and overflow efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0040] 3. By setting up the rich liquid dispersion component, the rich liquid is dispersed multiple times, which helps to improve the dispersion degree of the rich liquid, facilitates the rapid desorption and release of carbon dioxide in the rich liquid, and thus helps to improve the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the desorption method of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the desorption device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the desorption device of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0044] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0045] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0046] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0047] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point D.

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the desorption device of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0049] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Desorption tower; 2. Rich liquor inlet pipe; 3. Heating pipe; 4. Heating wire; 5. Sprayer head connection pipe; 6. Spray head; 7. First receiving hopper; 701. First solenoid valve; 8. Second receiving hopper; 9. Drainage pipe; 901. Second solenoid valve; 10. Third receiving hopper; 11. Lean liquor pump inlet pipe; 1101. Third solenoid valve; 12. Lean liquor pump; 13. Lean liquor pump outlet pipe; 14. Circulation pump connection pipe; 1401. Fourth solenoid valve; 15. Circulation pump; 16. Circulation pipe; 17. Circulation collection tank; 18. Transfer pump; 1801. Transfer pump inlet pipe; 1802. Transfer pump outlet pipe; 1 803, Fifth Solenoid Valve; 19, First Float; 20, Annular Fixing Plate; 21, First Pressure Sensor; 22, Liquid Inlet Pipe; 2201, Sixth Solenoid Valve; 23, First Exhaust Pipe; 2301, Valve; 24, Carbon Dioxide Detector; 25, Controller; 26, Heat Exchanger Tube; 2601, Lean Solution Drainage Pipe; 27, Spiral Pipe; 2701, Spiral Tube Inlet Pipe; 28, Spiral Baffle; 29, Inclined Mesh Plate; 30, Catalyst Box; 31, Second Exhaust Pipe; 32, Box Body; 33, Negative Pressure Pump; 34, Second Float; 3401, Straight Rod; 35, Second Pressure Sensor; 36, Insulating Cover. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 9 The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method shown includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1, Rich Solution Transport: The rich solution after phase change separation is transported to the desorption unit;

[0054] Step 2, Heating the rich solution: The rich solution is heated using a desorption device;

[0055] Step 3, Desorption: The desorption process of the heated rich solution is completed using a desorption device;

[0056] Step 4, Carbon dioxide exhaust: The heated carbon dioxide is exhausted and collected using a desorption device;

[0057] Step 5: Drain the lean solution: Drain the lean solution from inside the desorption device after desorption is complete;

[0058] The desorption device in steps one through five includes a desorption tower 1, and also includes:

[0059] Heating components are used to heat the rich solution to the desorption temperature;

[0060] The desorption assembly, located inside the desorption tower 1, is used to desorb the rich liquid;

[0061] The detection component, connected to the desorption component, is used to detect the carbon dioxide content of the liquid entering the detection component after desorption. When the detection component detects that the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is higher than the set value, the liquid is considered as a secondary rich liquid. When the detection component detects that the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is lower than the set value, the liquid is considered as a lean liquid.

[0062] The drainage component, connected to the detection component, is used to drain the low-quality solution inside the detection component;

[0063] The reflux assembly is used to transport the secondary rich solution inside the detection assembly to the heating assembly for reheating and desorption;

[0064] The exhaust assembly is connected to the top of the desorption assembly and is used to exhaust the carbon dioxide gas generated during desorption.

[0065] After phase separation, the rich liquid is transported to the desorption tower. Through heating and desorption, the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is separated and overflowed, and the rich liquid is transformed into a lean liquid, thus completing the separation of carbon dioxide. During the carbon dioxide desorption process, after carbon dioxide enters the desorption tower, there is a situation where carbon dioxide is not fully separated and overflows, resulting in a high carbon dioxide content in the lean liquid after desorption, which affects the carbon dioxide separation efficiency.

[0066] This embodiment of the invention can solve the above problems. The specific implementation is as follows: After phase separation, the rich liquid is externally transported to a heating component, where it is heated. The heated rich liquid is then transported to a desorption component, where carbon dioxide is desorbed and released. The released carbon dioxide is discharged by an exhaust component and collected for processing. The remaining liquid, after completing one desorption cycle, is transported downwards to a detection component. The detection component detects the carbon dioxide content in the liquid. By pre-inputting a carbon dioxide set value before desorption, the detected carbon dioxide content is compared with the set value. If the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is higher than the set value, the liquid is considered a secondary rich liquid; if the carbon dioxide content is lower than the set value, the liquid is considered a lean liquid. When the liquid flowing into the detection component is a lean liquid, it will... The lean liquid in the detection module is discharged by the drain module, which then sends it to the absorption tower for further carbon dioxide absorption. When the liquid flowing into the detection module is a secondary rich liquid, it is transferred from the reflux module to the heating module for reheating, and then re-enters the desorption module for desorption. At this point, the secondary rich liquid is close to its desorption temperature after the first desorption, resulting in low heat consumption during the reheating. If the secondary rich liquid were discharged to the absorption tower for carbon dioxide absorption, it would need to be cooled to the absorption temperature, leading to heat loss. Therefore, by using the detection module and reflux module for secondary desorption of the secondary rich liquid, heat loss is reduced, and the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is fully desorbed and released, thereby improving the carbon dioxide separation efficiency.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, the heating component includes:

[0068] Heating tube 3 is fixed to the side wall of desorption tower 1; heating wire 4 is fixed inside heating tube 3;

[0069] The top of the heating tube 3 is fixedly connected to the nozzle connecting pipe 5, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the rich liquid inlet pipe 2. The rich liquid enters the heating tube 3 through the rich liquid inlet pipe 2 for heating, and is then transported to the desorption component by the nozzle connecting pipe 5.

[0070] The rich liquid enters the interior of the heating tube 3 through the rich liquid inlet pipe 2. The rich liquid is heated by the heating wire 4 inside the heating tube 3 to the desorption temperature. The heated rich liquid is then transported to the desorption assembly for desorption and separation through the nozzle connection pipe 5.

[0071] As an optional embodiment, the desorption component includes:

[0072] The spray head 6 is located inside the desorption tower 1 and is fixedly connected to the spray head connecting pipe 5. The heated rich liquid is transported to the spray head 6 through the spray head connecting pipe 5 for desorption.

[0073] The first receiving hopper 7 is fixed inside the desorption tower 1. The rich liquid sprayed from the spray head 6 is placed inside the first receiving hopper 7 for desorption reaction.

[0074] The first solenoid valve 701 is fixed inside the first receiving hopper 7 and is used to control the downward discharge of liquid inside the first receiving hopper 7.

[0075] The rich liquid is transported to the spray head 6 through the nozzle connecting pipe 5, and then sprayed out by the spray head 6. The sprayed rich liquid falls into the interior of the first receiving hopper 7, and then the carbon dioxide is desorbed and separated in the desorption space isolated between the first receiving hopper 7 and the top of the desorption tower 1. The first solenoid valve 701 can control the opening of the bottom opening of the first receiving hopper 7 to close the opening during the rich liquid desorption process to prevent the rich liquid from flowing downward. After the desorption is completed, the opening is opened to discharge the desorbed liquid downward to the detection component for carbon dioxide content detection.

[0076] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0077] A temperature sensor is installed inside the first receiving hopper 7 to detect the temperature of the liquid inside the first receiving hopper 7. When the temperature of the liquid inside the first receiving hopper 7 is detected to be lower than the desorption temperature, the first solenoid valve 701 opens to discharge the liquid inside the first receiving hopper 7 to the detection component.

[0078] As an optional embodiment, the detection component includes:

[0079] The second receiving hopper 8 is fixed inside the desorption tower 1 and is used to receive the liquid discharged from the desorption assembly;

[0080] A carbon dioxide detector 24 is fixed on the side wall of the second receiving hopper 8 and is used to detect the carbon dioxide content in the liquid inside the second receiving hopper 8.

[0081] The drain pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second receiving hopper 8 and is used to drain the lean liquid inside the second receiving hopper 8 to the drain assembly; a second solenoid valve 901 for controlling the draining of the drain pipe 9 is installed inside the drain pipe 9.

[0082] The circulating pump connecting pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second receiving hopper 8 and is used to discharge the secondary rich liquid inside the second receiving hopper 8 to the reflux assembly; a fourth solenoid valve 1401 for controlling the discharge of liquid from the circulating pump connecting pipe 14 is installed inside the circulating pump connecting pipe 14.

[0083] The liquid discharged downward from the first receiving hopper 7 gathers inside the second receiving hopper 8. The carbon dioxide detector 24 detects the carbon dioxide content of the liquid inside the second receiving hopper 8. When the detected carbon dioxide content is higher than the set value, the liquid is a secondary rich liquid. At this time, the fourth solenoid valve 1401 is opened and the second solenoid valve 901 is closed, allowing the secondary rich liquid to enter the reflux assembly along the circulation pump connecting pipe 14. When the detected carbon dioxide content is lower than the set value, the liquid is a lean liquid. At this time, the second solenoid valve 901 is opened and the fourth solenoid valve 1401 is closed, allowing the lean liquid to enter the drainage assembly along the drainage pipe 9. This allows for the detection of carbon dioxide content in the rich liquid after one desorption, and the desorbed liquid is transported separately. This facilitates the separate discharge and reflux of the rich liquid for secondary desorption when carbon dioxide in it is not completely desorbed and discharged, thereby improving the desorption and separation efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0084] As an optional embodiment, the drainage assembly includes:

[0085] The third receiving hopper 10 is fixed inside the desorption tower 1 and is used to receive the lean liquid discharged by the drain pipe 9;

[0086] The lean liquid pump inlet pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third receiving hopper 10, and a third solenoid valve 1101 is installed inside the lean liquid pump inlet pipe 11.

[0087] The lean liquid pump 12 is installed inside the desorption tower 1 via a mounting bracket;

[0088] The input end of the lean liquid pump 12 is connected to the lean liquid pump inlet pipe 11, and the output end of the lean liquid pump 12 is fixedly connected to the lean liquid pump outlet pipe 13. The lean liquid pump outlet pipe 13 extends out after penetrating the side wall of the desorption tower 1 to discharge the lean liquid.

[0089] The lean liquid discharged from the drain pipe 9 enters the internal storage of the third receiving hopper 10. When the lean liquid needs to be discharged, the third solenoid valve 1101 is opened. Driven by the lean liquid pump 12, the lean liquid inside the drain pipe 9 is discharged along the lean liquid pump inlet pipe 11, lean liquid pump 12 and lean liquid pump outlet pipe 13, which helps to control the discharge time and discharge speed of the lean liquid.

[0090] As an optional embodiment, the reflow component includes:

[0091] The circulating pump 15 is installed inside the desorption tower 1 via a mounting bracket;

[0092] The input end of the circulating pump 15 is connected to the circulating pump connecting pipe 14, and the output end of the circulating pump 15 is connected to the circulating pipe 16. The circulating pipe 16 extends through the side wall of the desorption tower 1 and delivers the secondary rich liquid to the heating component.

[0093] The secondary rich liquid discharged along the circulation pump connecting pipe 14 flows along the direction of circulation pump connecting pipe 14, circulation pump 15 and circulation pipe 16 under the action of circulation pump 15, thereby driving the secondary rich liquid to be discharged to the heating component for reheating, and then entering the interior of the desorption component for secondary desorption after reheating.

[0094] As an optional embodiment, the exhaust assembly includes:

[0095] The first exhaust pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the desorption tower 1 and is used to discharge the desorbed carbon dioxide.

[0096] Valve 2301 is installed inside the first exhaust pipe 23 and is used to control the exhaust of the first exhaust pipe 23;

[0097] The carbon dioxide desorbed is discharged along the first exhaust pipe 23. The first exhaust pipe 23 can be opened to discharge carbon dioxide when exhaust is required by valve 2301.

[0098] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0099] A storage component is connected between the reflux component and the heating component, so that the secondary rich liquid flowing out of the reflux component is transported to the heating component after passing through the storage component;

[0100] The storage component is used to store the secondary rich liquid flowing out of the reflux component, so that it can be delivered to the heating component for heating after the secondary rich liquid reaches the quota;

[0101] The liquid inlet control component includes a fifth solenoid valve 1803 that controls the liquid inlet from the storage component to the heating component, and a sixth solenoid valve 2201 that controls the liquid inlet from the external rich liquid to the heating component, so as to regulate the single liquid inlet of the storage component and the external rich liquid.

[0102] The control unit is used to control the liquid inlet regulation component to adjust the connection between the storage component and the heating component for liquid inlet when the liquid inlet in the storage component reaches the quota, and to control the liquid inlet regulation component to adjust the connection between the external rich liquid and the heating component for liquid inlet when the liquid inlet in the storage component does not reach the quota.

[0103] The secondary rich solution discharged along the circulation pipe 16 enters the storage component connected to it for storage. Once the stored secondary rich solution reaches the quota, the control unit controls the liquid inlet regulating component to open the fifth solenoid valve 1803 and close the sixth solenoid valve 2201. It also controls the storage component to transport the secondary rich solution to the heating component, which is beneficial for storing the secondary rich solution to the quota before uniformly heating and secondary desorption. By controlling the speed at which the secondary rich solution is transported from the storage component to the heating component, the heating time of the secondary rich solution inside the heating component is adjusted, thereby controlling the heating temperature of the secondary rich solution and avoiding the waste of heat energy. When the secondary rich solution inside the storage component has not reached the quota, the control unit controls the opening of the sixth solenoid valve 2201 and closes the fifth solenoid valve 1803, so that the external rich solution enters the interior of the heating component for heating, thereby directly heating and desorbing the rich solution.

[0104] As an optional embodiment, the control unit includes:

[0105] Controller 25 is fixed to the outer wall of desorption tower 1;

[0106] It is used to control the opening of the first solenoid valve 701, the second solenoid valve 901, the third solenoid valve 1101, and the fourth solenoid valve 1401, and to control the start of the circulating pump 15 and the lean liquid pump 12.

[0107] As an optional embodiment, the storage component includes:

[0108] The circulating liquid collection tank 17 is fixed on the outer wall of the desorption tower 1 and is used to store the secondary rich liquid discharged from the reflux assembly; the bottom of the circulating liquid collection tank 17 is connected to the reflux assembly.

[0109] The delivery pump 18 is fixed on the inner wall of the circulating liquid collection tank 17. The delivery pump 18 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the circulating liquid collection tank 17 through the delivery pump inlet pipe 1801, and the delivery pump 18 is connected to the heating component through the delivery pump outlet pipe 1802.

[0110] The first pressure sensor 21 is fixed to the inner wall of the circulating liquid collection tank 17 by an annular fixing plate 20;

[0111] The first float plate 19 floats on the liquid surface inside the circulating liquid collection tank 17. After the secondary rich liquid inside the circulating liquid collection tank 17 reaches the quota, the first float plate 19 squeezes the first pressure sensor 21.

[0112] The secondary rich solution is transported to the interior of the circulating collection tank 17 via the circulation pipe 16. After entering the circulating collection tank 17, the first float 19 floating on the liquid surface moves upward as the liquid level rises. Once the secondary rich solution reaches a certain level, the top of the upward-moving first float 19 presses against the first pressure sensor 21. Upon receiving pressure information through the first pressure sensor 21, the control unit starts the delivery pump 18 and simultaneously opens the fifth solenoid valve 1803 and closes the sixth solenoid valve 2201, thus allowing the secondary rich solution to flow from the circulating collection tank 17. The liquid inside the tank 17 enters the heating tube 3 for secondary heating through the delivery pump outlet pipe 1802 and the rich liquid inlet pipe 2. The delivery pump inlet pipe 1801 of the delivery pump 18 is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the circulating collection tank 17, which facilitates the full discharge of the secondary rich liquid inside the circulating collection tank 17. After the secondary rich liquid inside the circulating collection tank 17 is completely discharged, the control unit controls the delivery pump 18 to shut down, and at the same time controls the fifth solenoid valve 1803 to close and the sixth solenoid valve 2201 to open, until the first pressure sensor 21 receives pressure information again.

[0113] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0114] The evacuation detection component is used to detect whether the liquid inside the detection component has been emptied.

[0115] The control unit is also used to control the desorption component to deliver the desorbed liquid to the detection component when the emptying detection component detects that the liquid inside the detection component has been emptied.

[0116] The evacuation detection component detects the liquid inside the detection component. Only after the liquid inside the detection component is evacuated can the liquid inside the desorption component be controlled to enter the detection component. This helps to prevent the rich liquid that has been desorbed inside the detection component from mixing with the rich liquid that has not been desorbed inside the desorption component, which would affect the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0117] As an optional embodiment, the venting detection component includes:

[0118] Straight rod 3401 is fixed inside the second receiving bucket 8, and the outer ring of straight rod 3401 is slidably fitted with second float plate 34;

[0119] The second pressure sensor 35 is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the second receiving bucket 8;

[0120] The straight rod 3401 can limit the lifting trajectory of the second float 34, so that the second float 34 can face the second pressure sensor 35 when it moves downward. When the liquid inside the second receiving hopper 8 is drained, the second float 34 falls and squeezes the second pressure sensor 35 under its own gravity. After the second pressure sensor 35 is compressed, the control unit controls the first solenoid valve 701 to open so that the liquid enters the second receiving hopper 8 from the inside of the first receiving hopper 7.

[0121] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0122] A heat exchange assembly is used to exchange heat between the lean liquid discharged by the drainage assembly and the externally input rich liquid.

[0123] The heat exchange component uses a heat-conducting material to spirally guide the external rich liquid through the interior of the lean liquid discharged by the drain component, so as to preheat the external rich liquid with the residual heat of the lean liquid discharged by the drain component.

[0124] By exchanging heat between the discharged lean solution and the input rich solution, the rich solution is preheated before being transported to the heating element. This preheating reduces the heat required to raise the rich solution to its desorption temperature. Furthermore, by transferring heat from the lean solution to the rich solution, heat waste after discharge is reduced, thus minimizing energy consumption. Additionally, preheating reduces the heating time of the rich solution, increasing its inflow rate and improving the desorption and overflow efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0125] As an optional embodiment, the heat exchange assembly includes:

[0126] The heat exchange tube 26 has one end connected to the drain assembly to receive the lean liquid discharged by the drain assembly, and the other end is connected to the lean liquid drain pipe 2601 to discharge the lean liquid.

[0127] The spiral pipe 27 is fixed inside the heat exchange tube 26. One end is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 22 which is connected to the heating component, and the other end is connected to the external rich liquid inlet through the spiral pipe inlet pipe 2701.

[0128] The spiral baffle 28 is fixed inside the heat exchange tube 26 and spirals synchronously with the spiral pipe 27 to limit the flow of lean liquid along the outer wall path of the spiral pipe 27.

[0129] The rich liquid flows into the heating tube 3 through the spiral inlet pipe 2701, spiral pipe 27, inlet branch pipe 22, and rich liquid inlet pipe 2 for heating and temperature rise. The lean liquid is discharged through the lean liquid pump outlet pipe 13, heat exchange pipe 26, and lean liquid discharge pipe 2601. The spiral pipe 27 is made of thermally conductive material, so that the rich liquid is inside the spiral pipe 27 and the lean liquid is outside the spiral pipe 27, and heat exchange occurs between them. This facilitates the transfer of heat from the higher temperature lean liquid to the lower temperature rich liquid, thus saving heat loss. The spiral baffle 28 causes the lean liquid to flow spirally along the spiral baffle 28 inside the heat exchange pipe 26. The spiral baffle 28 spirals synchronously with the spiral pipe 27, which helps to increase the heat exchange time between the lean liquid and the rich liquid, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat.

[0130] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0131] A rich liquid dispersion component is used to disperse a rich liquid that is fed into the desorption component from the heating component, so as to enhance desorption through dispersion flow.

[0132] The rich liquid dispersion component includes multiple inclined screen plates 29 arranged in a multi-stage manner, which disperse the rich liquid in a multi-stage manner through the multi-stage inclined screen plates 29.

[0133] When the rich liquor passes through multiple inclined screens 29, the different inclination directions of the screens cause the liquor to flow along different screens 29. The inclined screens 29 block the liquor, and the liquor needs to be discharged downward through the mesh of the screens 29. The inclined screens 29 obstruct the flow of the liquor and disperse it multiple times, which helps to improve the dispersion degree of the liquor and facilitates the rapid desorption and release of carbon dioxide, thereby improving the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0134] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0135] The negative pressure absorption component is used to discharge the carbon dioxide that has been desorbed and overflowed between the inclined mesh plates 29 at each stage in the rich liquid dispersion component;

[0136] The negative pressure absorption component is connected to the inclined mesh plates 29 of each stage in the rich liquid dispersion component through the negative pressure air inlet end, and is connected to the exhaust component through the exhaust end;

[0137] The negative pressure absorption component can discharge the carbon dioxide generated between the stages of the rich liquid dispersion component, thereby helping to prevent carbon dioxide from flowing upward along the inclined mesh plate 29, which would hinder the downward flow of liquid due to airflow and affect the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0138] As an optional embodiment, the negative pressure absorption component includes:

[0139] The second exhaust pipe 31 is fixed on the inner wall of the desorption tower 1 and passes through all the inclined mesh plates 29 and the first receiving hopper 7 and the second receiving hopper 8;

[0140] Multiple boxes 32 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second exhaust pipe 31. The boxes 32 are distributed between adjacent inclined mesh plates 29, between the inclined mesh plate 29 and the first receiving hopper 7, and between the first receiving hopper 7 and the second receiving hopper 8.

[0141] The negative pressure pump 33 is set corresponding to the housing 32 and is fixed on the inner wall of the corresponding housing 32. The input end of the negative pressure pump 33 extends out through the side wall of the housing 32, and the output end of the negative pressure pump 33 is connected to the housing 32.

[0142] The desorbed carbon dioxide is transported upward along the housing 32 and the second exhaust pipe 31 to the top of the desorption tower 1 under the action of the negative pressure pump 33, and then discharged through the first exhaust pipe 23. This process of fully discharging carbon dioxide reduces the carbon dioxide content inside the desorption tower 1, thus facilitating the desorption and overflow of carbon dioxide.

[0143] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0144] Catalytic components are used to catalyze the desorption of rich solutions;

[0145] The catalytic assembly includes multiple catalyst tanks 30 for storing catalysts. The rich liquid passes through the rich liquid dispersion assembly from top to bottom. When it is dispersed by the inclined mesh plate 29, it is catalytically desorbed by the catalyst inside the catalyst tank 30.

[0146] When the rich liquid flows on the surface of the inclined mesh plate 29, it flows through the catalyst box 30, thereby enhancing the desorption and overflow effect of the liquid under the action of the catalyst inside the catalyst box 30, which is beneficial to enhancing the desorption and overflow efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0147] As an optional embodiment, it also includes:

[0148] The outer rings of the rich liquid inlet pipe 2, the lean liquid pump outlet pipe 13, and the circulation pipe 16 are all equipped with insulating sleeves 36.

[0149] The insulation jacket 36 can insulate the pipes outside the desorption tower 1, thereby reducing heat loss during liquid transportation and thus reducing energy waste.

[0150] Working principle of this invention: After phase separation, the rich liquid is externally transported to the heating component, where it is heated. The heated rich liquid is then transported to the desorption component, where carbon dioxide is desorbed and released. The released carbon dioxide is discharged through the exhaust component and collected for processing. The remaining liquid, after completing one desorption cycle, is transported downwards to the detection component. The detection component detects the carbon dioxide content in the liquid. By pre-inputting a carbon dioxide set value before desorption, the detected carbon dioxide content is compared with the set value. If the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is higher than the set value, the liquid is considered a secondary rich liquid; if the carbon dioxide content is lower than the set value, the liquid is considered a lean liquid. When the liquid flowing into the detection component is lean liquid, the lean liquid in the detection component is transferred to the... The drain assembly discharges the lean liquid to the absorption tower for further carbon dioxide absorption. When the liquid flowing into the detection assembly is secondary rich liquid, it is transferred from the detection assembly to the heating assembly for reheating, and then re-enters the desorption assembly for desorption. At this point, the secondary rich liquid is close to its desorption temperature after the first desorption, resulting in low heat consumption during reheating. If the secondary rich liquid were discharged to the absorption tower for carbon dioxide absorption, it would need to be cooled to the absorption temperature, leading to heat loss. Therefore, by using the detection and reflux assemblies for secondary desorption of the rich liquid, heat loss is reduced, and the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is fully desorbed and overflowed, thereby improving the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0151] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A method for carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Rich Solution Transport: The rich solution after phase change separation is transported to the desorption unit; Step 2, Heating the rich solution: The rich solution is heated using a desorption device; Step 3, Desorption: The desorption process of the heated rich solution is completed using a desorption device; Step 4, Carbon dioxide exhaust: The heated carbon dioxide is exhausted and collected using a desorption device; Step 5: Drain the lean solution: Drain the lean solution from inside the desorption device after desorption is complete; The desorption device mentioned in steps one to five includes a desorption tower (1) and further includes: Heating components are used to heat the rich solution to the desorption temperature; The desorption assembly, located inside the desorption tower (1), is used to desorb the rich liquid; The detection component, connected to the desorption component, is used to detect the carbon dioxide content of the liquid entering the detection component after desorption. When the detection component detects that the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is higher than a set value, the liquid is considered as a secondary rich liquid. When the detection component detects that the carbon dioxide content in the liquid is lower than the set value, the liquid is considered as a lean liquid. A drainage component, connected to the detection component, is used to drain the low-quality fluid inside the detection component; The reflux assembly is used to transport the secondary rich solution inside the detection assembly to the heating assembly for reheating and desorption; An exhaust assembly, connected to the top of the desorption assembly, is used to exhaust the carbon dioxide gas generated during desorption. The detection component includes: The second receiving hopper (8) is fixed inside the desorption tower (1) and is used to receive the liquid discharged by the desorption assembly; A carbon dioxide detector (24) is fixed on the side wall of the second receiving hopper (8) and is used to detect the carbon dioxide content in the liquid inside the second receiving hopper (8). A drain pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second receiving hopper (8) and is used to drain the lean liquid inside the second receiving hopper (8) to the drain assembly; a second solenoid valve (901) for controlling the drain of the drain pipe (9) is installed inside the drain pipe (9); The circulating pump connecting pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second receiving hopper (8) and is used to discharge the secondary rich liquid inside the second receiving hopper (8) to the reflux assembly; a fourth solenoid valve (1401) for controlling the discharge of liquid from the circulating pump connecting pipe (14) is installed inside the circulating pump connecting pipe (14).

2. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A storage component is connected between the reflux component and the heating component, so that the secondary rich liquid flowing out of the reflux component is transported to the heating component after passing through the storage component; The storage component is used to store the secondary rich liquid flowing out of the reflux component, so that it can be delivered to the heating component for heating after the secondary rich liquid reaches a certain level. The liquid inlet control component includes a fifth solenoid valve (1803) for controlling the liquid inlet from the storage component to the heating component, and a sixth solenoid valve (2201) for controlling the liquid inlet from the external rich liquid to the heating component, so as to control the single liquid inlet of the storage component and the external rich liquid. The control unit is used to control the liquid inlet regulation component to adjust the connection between the storage component and the heating component for liquid inlet when the liquid inlet in the storage component reaches the quota, and to control the liquid inlet regulation component to adjust the connection between the external rich liquid and the heating component for liquid inlet when the liquid inlet in the storage component does not reach the quota.

3. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage component includes: A circulating liquid collection tank (17) is fixed on the outer wall of the desorption tower (1) and is used to store the secondary rich liquid discharged from the reflux assembly; the bottom of the circulating liquid collection tank (17) is connected to the reflux assembly. A delivery pump (18) is fixed on the inner wall of the circulating liquid collection tank (17). The delivery pump (18) is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the circulating liquid collection tank (17) through the delivery pump inlet pipe (1801). The delivery pump (18) is connected to the heating component through the delivery pump outlet pipe (1802). The first pressure sensor (21) is fixed to the inner wall of the circulating liquid collection tank (17) by an annular fixing plate (20); The first float plate (19) floats on the liquid surface inside the circulating liquid collection tank (17). After the secondary rich liquid inside the circulating liquid collection tank (17) reaches the quota, the first float plate (19) squeezes the first pressure sensor (21).

4. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: An emptying detection component is used to detect whether the liquid inside the detection component has been emptied. The control unit is also used to control the desorption component to deliver the desorbed liquid to the detection component when the emptying detection component detects that the liquid inside the detection component has been emptied.

5. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A heat exchange assembly is used to exchange heat between the lean liquid discharged by the drainage assembly and the externally input rich liquid. The heat exchange component uses a thermally conductive material to spirally guide the external rich liquid into the lean liquid discharged by the drainage component, so as to preheat the externally input rich liquid with the residual heat of the lean liquid discharged by the drainage component.

6. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly includes: The heat exchange tube (26) is connected at one end to the drain assembly to receive the lean liquid discharged by the drain assembly, and at the other end is connected to the lean liquid drain pipe (2601) to discharge the lean liquid. The spiral pipe (27) is fixed inside the heat exchange tube (26), with one end connected to the liquid inlet pipe (22) connected to the heating component, and the other end connected to the external rich liquid inlet through the spiral pipe inlet pipe (2701). A spiral baffle (28) is fixed inside the heat exchange tube (26) and spirals synchronously with the spiral pipe (27) to limit the flow of lean liquid along the outer wall path of the spiral pipe (27).

7. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A rich liquid dispersion component is used to disperse the rich liquid input into the desorption component from the heating component, so as to enhance desorption through dispersion flow. The rich liquid dispersion component includes multiple inclined screen plates (29) arranged in a multi-stage manner, through which the rich liquid is dispersed in a multi-stage manner.

8. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The negative pressure absorption component is used to discharge the carbon dioxide desorbed and overflowed between the inclined mesh plates (29) at each stage in the rich liquid dispersion component; The negative pressure absorption component is connected to the inclined mesh plates (29) of each stage in the liquid-rich dispersion component through the negative pressure air inlet end, and is connected to the exhaust component through the exhaust end.

9. The carbon dioxide phase change absorption and desorption method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: Catalytic components are used to catalyze the desorption of rich solutions; The catalytic assembly includes multiple catalyst tanks (30) for storing catalysts. The rich liquid passes through the rich liquid dispersion assembly from top to bottom and is catalytically desorbed by the catalyst inside the catalyst tanks (30) when it is dispersed by the inclined mesh plate (29).

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