Automatic welding production line for carriages

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of car body automatic welding production line, comprising: the production line includes conveying device, compartment combination tooling, compartment welding tooling, top cover combination tooling and top cover welding tooling;Through conveying device, compartment combination tooling, compartment welding tooling, top cover combination tooling and top cover welding tooling are dynamically connected in series, through compartment combination tooling, front wall frame, side wall board, rear wall board and bottom plate frame are combined, through compartment welding tooling, the joint of compartment is welded, through top cover combination tooling, top cover plate and compartment are combined, and the joint of top cover plate and compartment is welded by top cover welding tooling, by the above technical scheme, car body automatic welding line is replaced by conveying device, compartment combination tooling, compartment welding tooling, top cover combination tooling and top cover welding tooling etc. Facility replaces manual operation, reduce the labor intensity of operator, improve car body combination precision and welding quality, effectively ensure the consistency of product, and can effectively improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to an automatic welding production line for train carriages. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing carriage welding production lines are typically entirely manual, with the precision of carriage assembly entirely controlled by manual labor. The production line uses ground rails to transport the carriages, which are then manually pushed forward. Furthermore, the top cover, side panels, front panel, and rear panel are all hoisted using manual trolleys. Product welding is done manually, resulting in problems such as poor product consistency, high labor intensity, and low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic welding production line for train carriages, which solves the problems of poor product consistency, high labor intensity of manual operations, and low production efficiency in existing train carriage welding production lines.

[0004] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides an automatic welding production line for a car body. The car body includes a floor frame, side panels, a front frame, a rear panel, and a top cover. The production line includes a conveying device, and a car body assembly fixture for assembling the side panels, front frame, rear panel, and floor frame together, a car body welding fixture for welding the car body, a top cover assembly fixture for assembling the top cover and the car body, and a top cover welding fixture for welding the top cover and the car body, arranged sequentially along the transmission direction of the conveying device.

[0005] The box assembly tooling includes a first frame assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction. The first frame assembly is provided with a side panel clamping and positioning mechanism for positioning and clamping the side panel, a front panel clamping and positioning mechanism for positioning and clamping the front frame, and a rear panel clamping and positioning mechanism for positioning and clamping the rear panel.

[0006] The box welding fixture includes a second frame assembly and a three-axis transfer module mounted on the second frame assembly. The three-axis transfer module is equipped with a box welding mechanism for performing combined welding of the box body.

[0007] The top cover assembly tooling includes a third frame assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction, and the third frame assembly is provided with a top cover pressing and positioning mechanism for pressing and positioning the top cover plate on the box body.

[0008] The top cover welding fixture includes a fourth frame assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device along its width direction, and a fifth frame assembly spanning the conveying device and located close to the fourth frame assembly. The fourth frame assembly is provided with a horizontal transfer module, and the horizontal transfer module is provided with a first top cover welding mechanism for welding the long side of the top cover plate to the long side of the body. The moving direction of the horizontal transfer module is consistent with the transmission direction of the conveying device. The fifth frame assembly is provided with a second top cover welding mechanism for welding the short side of the top cover plate to the short side of the body.

[0009] Optionally, the production line further includes a top cover lifting device for hoisting the top cover plate. The top cover lifting device includes a sixth frame assembly arranged along the width direction of the conveying device and spanning the top cover assembly tooling. The sixth frame assembly is provided with a dual-axis transfer module, and the dual-axis transfer module is provided with an extraction mechanism for extracting the top cover plate.

[0010] Optionally, the sixth frame assembly is provided with a guide rail along its length for guiding the movement of the dual-axis transfer module. The dual-axis transfer module includes a transfer trolley and a trolley drive assembly for driving the transfer trolley to move along the guide rail. The transfer trolley is provided with an extraction drive assembly for driving the extraction mechanism to move along the height direction of the sixth frame.

[0011] Optionally, the extraction mechanism includes an extraction support and multiple sets of extraction components symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the extraction support. The multiple sets of extraction components are distributed along the length direction of the extraction support. Each extraction component includes a suction cup extraction component and a magnetic extraction component.

[0012] Optionally, the production line further includes a loading fixture and an inspection and adjustment fixture. The loading fixture includes a first loading mechanism disposed before the box assembly fixture along the transmission direction of the conveying device, and a second loading mechanism disposed between the box assembly fixture and the box welding fixture. The first loading mechanism includes a first loading track symmetrically disposed along the width direction of the conveying device. The first loading track is parallel to the transmission direction of the conveying device. A first loading trolley and a second loading trolley are respectively disposed on the first loading track. The second loading mechanism includes a second loading track disposed on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction. The second loading track is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the conveying device. A third loading trolley and a fourth loading trolley are respectively disposed on the second loading track. The first loading trolley and the fourth loading trolley are used to transport side panels, the second loading trolley is used to transport rear panels, and the third loading trolley is used to transport the front frame. The inspection and adjustment fixture is disposed after the top cover welding fixture along the transmission direction of the conveying device. The inspection and adjustment fixture includes inspection and adjustment platforms disposed on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction.

[0013] Optionally, the conveying device includes multiple sets of conveying mechanisms arranged along the transmission direction. Each conveying mechanism includes a conveying base. Multiple adjusting slide rails extending along the width direction of the conveying base are distributed along the length direction. Multiple sets of conveying brackets are slidably connected to the adjusting slide rails. Each conveying bracket is equipped with a roller bed. A width adjusting component is connected between two adjacent sets of conveying brackets. The width adjusting component is used to adjust the width between two adjacent roller beds. Multiple sets of base plate clamping components for clamping the base plate frame are distributed along the length direction of the conveying bracket. A base plate limiting component for limiting the base plate frame is provided on the conveying base between two adjacent roller beds and at the conveying end of the conveying mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the production line further includes a material unloading fixture, which is arranged after the inspection and adjustment fixture along the transmission direction of the conveying device. The material unloading fixture includes a material unloading track, which is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the conveying device. A material unloading and transfer module is provided on the material unloading track, which is used to transfer the carriage.

[0015] Optionally, the unloading and transfer module includes an unloading trolley disposed on the unloading track and a conveying mechanism disposed on the unloading trolley. The unloading trolley is provided with an unloading drive assembly for driving the unloading trolley to move along the unloading track.

[0016] Optionally, the side clamping and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of side clamping and positioning components symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first frame assembly along the height direction, the plurality of side clamping and positioning components being distributed along the length direction of the first frame assembly; the front clamping and positioning mechanism is disposed at one end of the first frame assembly along the length direction near the bottom plate limiting component, the front clamping and positioning mechanism including a plurality of front clamping and positioning components distributed along the height direction of the first frame assembly; and the rear clamping and positioning mechanism including a movable guide rail extending along the length direction of the first frame assembly, and a rear clamping and positioning component slidably disposed on the movable guide rail.

[0017] Optionally, the top cover clamping and positioning mechanism is disposed at one end of the third frame assembly away from the conveying device along the height direction. The top cover clamping and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of top cover clamping and positioning components distributed along the length direction of the third frame assembly. The top cover clamping and positioning components include a top cover clamping and positioning drive component and a top cover clamping and positioning component.

[0018] As described above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The body assembly fixture, body welding fixture, top cover assembly fixture, and top cover welding fixture are dynamically connected in series via a conveying device. The bottom plate frame is hoisted onto the line, and the conveying device transports the bottom plate frame along the transmission direction to the body assembly fixture. The side panels, front frame, and rear panel are sequentially hoisted onto the line. The side panel is clamped and positioned with the bottom plate frame by the side panel clamping and positioning mechanism on the first frame assembly. The front frame clamping and positioning mechanism clamps and positions the front frame with the side panels and bottom plate frame. The rear frame clamping and positioning mechanism clamps and positions the rear panel with the side panels and bottom plate frame. After assembly, rough positioning is achieved by spot welding by operators. After the body positioning and assembly are completed, the conveying device will... The assembled compartment is transported to the compartment welding fixture. The three-axis transfer module on the second frame assembly drives the compartment welding mechanism to move along the X, Y, and Z axes to complete the welding of the combined joints of the compartment. After the welding is completed, the compartment is transported to the top cover assembly fixture via a conveyor device. The top cover plate is hoisted onto the line and clamped and positioned to the compartment by the top cover pressing and positioning mechanism on the third frame assembly. After clamping and positioning, the operator performs spot welding for rough positioning. The compartment is then transferred to the top cover welding fixture via a conveyor device. The first top cover welding mechanism on the fourth frame assembly and the second top cover welding mechanism on the fifth frame assembly perform full welding at the joint between the top cover plate and the compartment, thus completing the combined welding production of the compartment. By adopting the technical solution proposed in this application, the automatic welding line for carriages replaces manual operations with facilities such as conveying devices, carriage assembly fixtures, carriage welding fixtures, top cover assembly fixtures, and top cover welding fixtures. This reduces the labor intensity of operators, improves the accuracy of carriage assembly and welding quality, effectively ensures product consistency, and effectively improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a plan view of an automated welding production line for a train carriage, as illustrated in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Displayed as Figure 1 Top view of the mid-section assembly positioning fixture;

[0021] Figure 3 Displayed as Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the middle compartment assembly positioning fixture along one side of the conveying mechanism;

[0022] Figure 4 Displayed as Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-rear clamping and positioning assembly;

[0023] Figure 5 Displayed as Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the welding fixture for the middle compartment;

[0024] Figure 6 Displayed as Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top cover assembly fixture;

[0025] Figure 7 Displayed as Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top cover clamping and positioning assembly;

[0026] Figure 8 Displayed as Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the welding fixture for the top cover;

[0027] Figure 9 Displayed as Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the top cover lifting device;

[0028] Figure 10 Displayed as Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the biaxial transfer module and the extraction mechanism;

[0029] Figure 11 Displayed as Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle and lower material unloading tooling;

[0030] Figure 12 Displayed as Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission mechanism;

[0031] Figure 13 Displayed as Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the width adjustment component;

[0032] Figure 14 Displayed as Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the front and middle section clamping and positioning assembly.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0034] Conveying device 1, conveying mechanism 11, conveying base 111, adjusting slide rail 112, conveying bracket 113, roller bed 114, width adjusting assembly 12, width adjusting rack 121, width adjusting gear 122, width adjusting drive component 123, bottom plate clamping component 13, bottom plate limiting component 14, box assembly tooling 2, first frame assembly 21, first height adjusting bracket 211, first height adjusting drive assembly 212, first mounting bracket 213, first bottom sliding bracket 214, side wall clamping and positioning mechanism 22, side wall clamping and positioning component 221, front wall clamping and positioning mechanism 23, front wall clamping and positioning assembly 231, rear wall clamping and positioning mechanism 24, transfer 241. Moving guide rail, 242. Rear enclosure clamping and positioning assembly, 2421. Rear enclosure clamping mounting block, 2422. Rear enclosure clamping and positioning component, 2423. Gear and rack motor drive device, 3. Body welding fixture, 3. Second frame assembly, 31. Horizontal slide rail, 311. Horizontal transmission rack, 312. Three-axis transfer module, 32. Horizontal transfer connecting plate, 322. Horizontal drive assembly, 323. Horizontal transfer bracket, 3231. Horizontal transfer connecting plate, 3232. Horizontal transfer drive assembly, 3233. Vertical transfer bracket, 324. Vertical transfer slide rail, 3241. Vertical transfer connecting plate, 3242. Vertical transfer drive assembly, 3243. Body welding mechanism, 33. Welding arm, 331. Welding torch, 332. Top cover assembly. Tooling 4, Third frame assembly 41, Second mounting bracket 411, Second bottom sliding bracket 412, Second height adjustment drive assembly 413, Second height adjustment bracket 414, Top cover clamping and positioning mechanism 42, Top cover clamping and positioning assembly 421, Top cover clamping and positioning drive component 4211, Top cover clamping and positioning component 4212, Top cover welding tooling 5, Fourth frame assembly 51, Fifth frame assembly 52, Horizontal transfer module 53, First top cover welding mechanism 54, Second top cover welding mechanism 55, Top cover lifting device 6, Sixth frame assembly 61, Guide rail 611, Dual-axis transfer module 62, Transfer trolley 621, Trolley drive assembly 622, Extraction drive assembly 623. Extraction mechanism; 63. Extraction bracket; 631. Extraction component; 632. Suction cup extraction component; 6321. Magnetic extraction component; 6322. Shaking suppression structure; 64. Locking component; 65. Locking part; 651. Locking pin; 652. Loading fixture; 7. First loading mechanism; 71. First loading track; 711. First loading trolley; 712. Second loading trolley; 713. Second loading mechanism; 721. Second loading track; 721. Third loading trolley; 722. Fourth loading trolley; 723. Inspection and adjustment fixture; 8. Inspection and adjustment platform; 81. Unloading fixture; 9. Unloading track; 91. Unloading transfer module; 92. Unloading trolley; 921. Unloading drive component; 922. Unloading drive part. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 14 It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show components relevant to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape, and size of components in implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity, and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout may be more complex. The structures, proportions, and sizes shown in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.

[0037] Before describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, the application environment of the present invention will be described first. The technology of the present invention is mainly applied in the field of machining technology. The present invention is used to solve the problems of poor product consistency, high labor intensity of manual operation, and low production efficiency in existing carriage welding production lines.

[0038] Please combine Figures 1 to 14 As shown, this invention provides an automatic welding production line for a train carriage. The carriage includes a floor frame, side panels, a front frame, a rear panel, and a top cover. The production line includes:

[0039] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the conveying device 1 includes a box assembly tool 2 for assembling the side panels, front frame, rear panel, and bottom frame, a box welding tool 3 for welding the box, a top cover assembly tool 4 for assembling the top cover and the box, and a top cover welding tool 5 for welding the top cover and the box, arranged sequentially along the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. The box assembly tool 2 includes a first frame assembly 21 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device 1 along the width direction. The first frame assembly 21 is provided with a side panel clamping and positioning mechanism 22 for positioning and clamping the side panels, a front frame clamping and positioning mechanism 23 for positioning and clamping the front frame, and a rear frame clamping and positioning mechanism 24 for positioning and clamping the rear panel. The box welding tool 3 includes a second frame assembly 31 and a three-axis transfer module 32 arranged on the second frame assembly 31. The three-axis transfer module 32 is provided with a... The container welding mechanism 33 is used for assembling and welding the container body; the top cover assembly tooling 4 includes a third frame assembly 41 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device 1 along the width direction, and a top cover clamping and positioning mechanism 42 for clamping and positioning the top cover plate on the container body; the top cover welding tooling 5 includes a fourth frame assembly 51 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device 1 along the width direction and a fifth frame assembly 52 that spans the conveying device 1 and is located close to the fourth frame assembly 51, a horizontal transfer module 53 is provided on the fourth frame assembly 51, a first top cover welding mechanism 54 is provided on the horizontal transfer module 53 for welding the long side of the top cover plate to the long side of the container body, the moving direction of the horizontal transfer module 53 is consistent with the transmission direction of the conveying device 1, and a second top cover welding mechanism 55 is provided on the fifth frame assembly 52 for welding the short side of the top cover plate to the short side of the container body.

[0040] In this embodiment, the body assembly fixture 2, body welding fixture 3, top cover assembly fixture 4, and top cover welding fixture 5 are dynamically connected in series by the conveying device 1. The bottom plate frame is hoisted onto the line, and the conveying device 1 transports the bottom plate frame along the transmission direction to the body assembly fixture 2. The side panels, front frame, and rear panel are then hoisted onto the line in sequence. The side panel clamping and positioning mechanism 22 on the first frame assembly 21 clamps and positions the side panel with the bottom plate frame. The front frame clamping and positioning mechanism 23 clamps and positions the front frame with the side panel and bottom plate frame. The rear frame clamping and positioning mechanism 24 clamps and positions the rear panel with the side panel and bottom plate frame. After assembly, rough positioning is achieved by spot welding by operators. After the body positioning and assembly are completed, the conveying device 1 transports the assembled body to... The body welding fixture 3, driven by the three-axis transfer module 32 on the second frame assembly 31, moves the body welding mechanism 33 along the X, Y, and Z axes to complete the welding of the assembled joints of the body. After the welding is completed, the body is transported to the top cover assembly fixture 4 via the conveyor device 1. The top cover plate is hoisted onto the line and pressed and positioned by the top cover clamping and positioning mechanism 42 on the third frame assembly 41. After clamping and positioning, the operator performs spot welding for rough positioning and then transfers it to the top cover welding fixture 5 via the conveyor device 1. The first top cover welding mechanism 54 on the fourth frame assembly 51 and the second top cover welding mechanism 55 on the fifth frame assembly 52 perform full welding at the joint between the top cover plate and the body, thus completing the assembly welding production of the car body. By adopting the technical solution proposed in this application, the automatic welding line for the carriage replaces manual operations with facilities such as conveying device 1, carriage assembly fixture 2, carriage welding fixture 3, top cover assembly fixture 4, and top cover welding fixture 5. This reduces the labor intensity of operators, improves the accuracy of carriage assembly and welding quality, effectively ensures product consistency, and effectively improves production efficiency.

[0041] For example, the second frame assembly 31 is symmetrically provided with horizontal slide rails 311 along the width direction. The extending direction of the horizontal slide rails 311 is consistent with the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. A horizontal transmission rack 312 is provided between the two horizontal slide rails 311. The three-axis transfer module 32 includes a horizontal transfer connecting plate 321 for sliding connection with the horizontal slide rails 311. A horizontal drive assembly 322 is provided on the horizontal transfer connecting plate 321. The horizontal drive assembly 322 includes a horizontal drive motor and a drive motor rotor connected to it. The horizontal transmission gear meshes with the teeth of the horizontal transmission rack 312. The triaxial transfer module 32 also includes a transverse support 323 and a vertical support 324. The transverse support 323 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the horizontal slide rail 311. The transverse support 323 is provided with a transverse slide rail 3231 extending along the length direction and a transverse rack. A transverse connecting plate 3232 is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail 3231. A transverse drive assembly 3233 is provided on the transverse connecting plate 3232. 33 includes a transverse motor and a transverse gear connected to the rotor of the transverse motor. The transverse gear meshes with the teeth of a transverse rack. The vertical movement bracket 324 is provided with a vertical movement slide 3241 extending along the length direction and a vertical movement rack. A vertical movement connecting plate 3242 is slidably connected to the vertical movement slide 3241. The vertical movement connecting plate 3242 is fixedly connected to the transverse movement connecting plate 3232. A vertical movement drive assembly 3243 is provided on the vertical movement connecting plate 3242. The vertical movement drive assembly 3243 includes a vertical movement drive motor and a transverse movement rack connected to the rotor of the transverse motor. The vertical shift gear on the drive motor rotor meshes with the teeth of the vertical shift rack. The vertical shift bracket 324 is connected to the box welding mechanism 33 at one end along the height direction near the conveying device 1. The box welding mechanism 33 includes a welding arm 331 and a welding gun 332. The welding arm 331 is connected to the vertical shift bracket 324, and the welding gun 332 is connected to the end of the welding arm 331 away from the vertical shift bracket 324. With the above settings, the automatic welding operation at the box assembly splice can be completed, ensuring welding accuracy and welding quality. The horizontal transfer module 53 is equipped with a first top cover welding mechanism 54. The horizontal transfer module 53 drives the first top cover welding mechanism 54 to move along the length direction of the fourth frame assembly 51, that is, along the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. The second top cover welding mechanism 55 is fixedly installed on the fifth frame assembly 52. ​​Both the first top cover welding mechanism 54 and the second top cover welding mechanism 55 include drive motors for driving the welding arm 331 to rotate circumferentially in the horizontal plane and circumferentially in the vertical plane, respectively, so as to meet the welding operation at the joint between the top cover plate and the body.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the production line further includes a top cover lifting device 6 for hoisting the top cover plate. The top cover lifting device 6 includes a sixth frame assembly 61 arranged along the width direction of the conveying device 1 and across the top cover assembly tooling 4. The sixth frame assembly 61 is provided with a dual-axis transfer module 62, and the dual-axis transfer module 62 is provided with an extraction mechanism 63 for extracting the top cover plate.

[0043] In this embodiment, the sixth frame assembly 61 spans the top cover assembly fixture 4. A dual-axis transfer module 62, positioned above the sixth frame assembly 61, drives the extraction mechanism 63 to move along the length and height of the sixth frame assembly 61. The dual-axis transfer module 62 moves the extraction mechanism 63 to the top cover plate loading station to extract the top cover plate material, then moves it to the top cover assembly fixture 4 and lowers the top cover plate to assemble it with the box body. This reduces manual operation time and eliminates safety hazards associated with manual operations. The lifting device can automatically complete positioning, extraction, lifting, and detachment actions, effectively improving lifting accuracy and production efficiency, and reducing unnecessary waiting time. The top cover lifting process is more stable and safer, with reduced collisions during lifting, effectively improving product quality.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the sixth frame assembly 61 is provided with a guide rail 611 along the length direction for guiding the movement of the dual-axis transfer module 62. The dual-axis transfer module 62 includes a transfer trolley 621 and a trolley drive assembly 622 for driving the transfer trolley 621 to move along the guide rail 611. The transfer trolley 621 is provided with an extraction drive assembly 623 for driving the extraction mechanism 63 to move along the height direction of the sixth frame.

[0045] In this embodiment, the transfer trolley 621 is provided with rollers for cooperating with the guide rail 611. The trolley drive assembly 622 includes a rotating shaft connected to the rollers and a drive motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The extraction drive assembly 623 includes a drive motor and a rotating shaft connected to one end of the drive motor. The extraction mechanism 63 is connected to the rotating shaft by a belt. A scissor-type anti-sway structure 64 is also connected between the transfer trolley 621 and the extraction mechanism 63 to reduce the shaking of the extraction mechanism 63 during the lifting process. The transfer trolley 621 is also provided with a locking assembly 65. The locking assembly 65 includes a locking component 651 provided on the rotating shaft and a locking pin 652 provided on the transfer trolley 621. The locking component 651 has a locking hole. The locking pin 652 is a cylinder. The telescopic rod of the cylinder acts as a pin and cooperates with the locking hole, thereby avoiding the risk of the transfer trolley 621 slipping during the horizontal movement of the extraction mechanism 63.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the extraction mechanism 63 includes an extraction bracket 631 and a plurality of extraction components 632 symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the extraction bracket 631. The plurality of extraction components 632 are distributed along the length direction of the extraction bracket 631. The extraction components 632 include a suction cup extraction component 6321 and a magnetic extraction component 6322.

[0047] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the production line further includes a loading fixture 7 and an inspection and adjustment fixture 8. The loading fixture 7 includes a first loading mechanism 71 disposed along the transmission direction of the conveying device 1 before the box assembly fixture 2, and a second loading mechanism 72 disposed between the box assembly fixture 2 and the box welding fixture 3. The first loading mechanism 71 includes a first loading track 711 symmetrically disposed along the width direction of the conveying device 1. The first loading track 711 is parallel to the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. A first loading trolley 712 and a second loading trolley 713 are respectively disposed on the first loading track 711. The second loading mechanism 72... The device includes a second feeding track 721 disposed on both sides of the conveying device 1 along the width direction. The second feeding track 721 is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. A third feeding trolley 722 and a fourth feeding trolley 723 are respectively disposed on the second feeding track 721. The first feeding trolley 712 and the fourth feeding trolley 723 are used to transport the side panels, the second feeding trolley 713 is used to transport the rear panel, and the third feeding trolley 722 is used to transport the front frame. The inspection and adjustment fixture 8 is disposed after the top cover welding fixture 5 along the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. The inspection and adjustment fixture 8 includes inspection and adjustment platforms 81 disposed on both sides of the conveying device 1 along the width direction.

[0048] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the conveying device 1 includes multiple sets of conveying mechanisms 11 arranged along the transmission direction. Each conveying mechanism 11 includes a conveying base 111. Multiple adjusting slide rails 112 extending along the width direction of the conveying base 111 are distributed along the length direction. Multiple sets of conveying brackets 113 are slidably connected to the adjusting slide rails 112. Rolling beds 114 are provided on the conveying brackets 113. A width adjusting component 12 is connected between two adjacent sets of conveying brackets 113. The width adjusting component 12 is used to adjust the width between two adjacent rolling beds 114. Multiple sets of bottom plate clamping components 13 for clamping the bottom plate frame are distributed along the length direction on the conveying brackets 113. A bottom plate limiting component 14 for limiting the bottom plate frame is provided on the conveying base 111 between two adjacent rolling beds 114 and at the conveying end of the conveying mechanism 11.

[0049] In this embodiment, the width adjustment assembly 12 includes a width adjustment rack 121 connected to the conveying bracket 113, and a width adjustment gear 122 meshing with the width adjustment rack 121. It also includes a width adjustment drive component 123, the rotor of which is connected to the width adjustment gear 122.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the production line further includes a material unloading fixture 9, which is disposed after the inspection and adjustment fixture 8 along the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. The material unloading fixture 9 includes a material unloading track 91, which is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the conveying device 1. A material unloading and transfer module 92 is provided on the material unloading track 91, which is used to transfer the carriage.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the unloading and transfer module 92 includes an unloading trolley 921 disposed on an unloading track 91 and a conveying mechanism 11 disposed on the unloading trolley 921. The unloading trolley 921 is provided with an unloading drive assembly 922 for driving the unloading trolley 921 to move along the unloading track 91.

[0052] In this embodiment, the unloading trolley 921 moves the carriage to the carriage buffer channel along the unloading track 91, and the carriage is moved to the buffer channel by the conveying mechanism 11 on the unloading trolley 921. The unloading trolley 921 is provided with rollers for connecting to the unloading track 91. The unloading drive assembly 922 includes a rotating shaft connected to the rollers and an unloading drive component 9221. The rotor of the unloading drive component 9221 is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the side clamping and positioning mechanism 22 includes a plurality of side clamping and positioning components 221 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first frame assembly 21 along the height direction. The plurality of side clamping and positioning components 221 are distributed along the length direction of the first frame assembly 21. The front clamping and positioning mechanism 23 is disposed at one end of the first frame assembly 21 along the length direction near the bottom plate limiting component 14. The front clamping and positioning mechanism 23 includes a plurality of front clamping and positioning components 231 distributed along the height direction of the first frame assembly 21. The rear clamping and positioning mechanism 24 includes a moving guide rail 241 extending along the length direction of the first frame assembly 21 and a rear clamping and positioning component 242 slidably arranged on the moving guide rail 241.

[0054] In this embodiment, a first height adjustment bracket 211 is provided at one end of the first frame assembly 21 away from the conveying device 1 along the height direction. A side clamping and positioning component 221 is disposed on the first height adjustment bracket 211. The first frame assembly 21 is also provided with a first height adjustment drive assembly 212 for adjusting the height of the first height adjustment bracket 211. The first height adjustment drive assembly 212 is a motor screw module. By adjusting the height of the side clamping and positioning component 221, it can adapt to the co-line production of carriages with different height dimensions. The front clamping and positioning component 231 includes two 90° rotating cylinders, which can realize the clamping of the front frame and the transfer of the carriage on the conveying mechanism 11. The rear clamping and positioning component 242 includes a rear clamping mounting block 2421 slidably disposed on the moving guide rail 241, and a rear clamping mounting block 2421 disposed on the rear clamping mounting block 2421. The gear and rack motor drive device 2423 and the rear clamping and positioning component 2422 (i.e., 90° rotary cylinder) set on the rear clamping and mounting block 2421 are used to position and clamp the rear panel. The gear and rack motor drive device 2423 causes the rear clamping and positioning component 242 to move along the length direction of the moving guide rail 241 to adapt to the co-line production capacity of carriages with different length and size specifications. The first frame assembly 21 includes a first mounting bracket 213 and a first bottom sliding bracket 214. The first mounting bracket 213 can move on the first bottom sliding bracket 214 along the transmission direction perpendicular to the conveying mechanism 11, so that the carriage assembly tooling 2 can adapt to the co-line production of carriages with different width and size specifications. The first height adjustment bracket 211 is set on the first mounting bracket 213.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the top cover clamping and positioning mechanism 42 is disposed at one end of the third frame assembly 41 away from the conveying device 1 along the height direction. The top cover clamping and positioning mechanism 42 includes a plurality of top cover clamping and positioning components 421 distributed along the length direction of the third frame assembly 41. The top cover clamping and positioning component 421 includes a top cover clamping and positioning drive component 4211 and a top cover clamping and positioning component 4212.

[0056] In this embodiment, the third frame assembly 41 includes a second mounting bracket 411 and a second bottom sliding bracket 412. The second mounting bracket 411 can move along the width direction of the conveying mechanism 11 on the second bottom sliding bracket 412, thereby adapting to the pressing and positioning of top covers of different widths. The second mounting bracket 411 is provided with a second height adjustment drive assembly 413 and a second height adjustment bracket 414 slidably disposed on the second mounting bracket 411. The second height adjustment drive assembly 413 is used to drive the second height adjustment bracket 414 along the second mounting bracket 411. The top cover pressing and positioning mechanism 42 is set on the second height adjustment bracket 414 to move in the height direction, thereby adapting to the combination operation of the top cover and the body of different height sizes, thus improving the co-line production capacity. The top cover pressing and positioning drive component 4211 is a 90-degree rotating cylinder, and the top cover pressing and positioning component 4212 is a rectangular block with length connected to the top cover pressing and positioning drive component 4211, which increases the pressing and positioning area with the top cover plate, thereby ensuring the combination accuracy and avoiding the deviation of the combination accuracy between the top cover plate and the body caused by the operator's spot welding coarse positioning, thereby improving the consistency of the body.

[0057] Working principle: The conveyor device 1 dynamically connects the body assembly fixture 2, body welding fixture 3, top cover assembly fixture 4, and top cover welding fixture 5 in series. The bottom plate frame is hoisted onto the line, and the conveyor device 1 transports it along the transmission direction to the body assembly fixture 2. The side panels, front frame, and rear panel are then hoisted onto the line sequentially. The side panel clamping and positioning mechanism 22 on the first frame assembly 21 clamps and positions the side panel with the bottom plate frame. The front frame clamping and positioning mechanism 23 clamps and positions the front frame with the side panel and bottom plate frame. The rear frame clamping and positioning mechanism 24 clamps and positions the rear panel with the side panel and bottom plate frame. After assembly, rough positioning is achieved by spot welding by operators. Once the body positioning and assembly are complete, the conveyor device 1 transports the assembled body to the next stage. The body welding fixture 3, driven by the three-axis transfer module 32 on the second frame assembly 31, moves the body welding mechanism 33 along the X, Y, and Z axes to complete the welding of the combined splice of the body. After the welding is completed, the body is transported to the top cover assembly fixture 4 by the conveyor device 1, and the top cover plate is hoisted onto the line. The top cover plate is pressed and positioned to the body by the top cover clamping and positioning mechanism 42 on the third frame assembly 41. After clamping and positioning, the operator performs spot welding for rough positioning. The body is then transferred to the top cover welding fixture 5 by the conveyor device 1. The first top cover welding mechanism 54 on the fourth frame assembly 51 and the second top cover welding mechanism 55 on the fifth frame assembly 52 perform full welding at the splice of the top cover plate and the body, thereby completing the combined welding production of the car body. By adopting the technical solution proposed in this application, the automatic welding line for the carriage replaces manual operations with facilities such as conveying device 1, carriage assembly fixture 2, carriage welding fixture 3, top cover assembly fixture 4, and top cover welding fixture 5. This reduces the labor intensity of operators, improves the accuracy of carriage assembly and welding quality, effectively ensures product consistency, and effectively improves production efficiency.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic welding production line for a car body, the car body comprising a floor frame, side panels, a front frame, a rear panel, and a top cover, characterized in that, The production line includes a conveying device, and sequentially arranged along the transmission direction of the conveying device are a box assembly fixture for assembling the side panels, front frame, rear panel and bottom frame, a box welding fixture for welding the box, a top cover assembly fixture for assembling the top cover plate and the box, and a top cover welding fixture for welding the top cover plate and the box; the production line also includes a top cover lifting device for hoisting the top cover plate, the top cover lifting device including a sixth frame assembly arranged along the width direction of the conveying device and spanning the top cover assembly fixture, the sixth frame assembly being provided with a dual-axis transfer module, the dual-axis transfer module being provided with an extraction mechanism for extracting the top cover plate. The box assembly tooling includes a first frame assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction. The first frame assembly is provided with a side panel clamping and positioning mechanism for positioning and clamping the side panel, a front panel clamping and positioning mechanism for positioning and clamping the front frame, and a rear panel clamping and positioning mechanism for positioning and clamping the rear panel. The first frame assembly is also provided with a first height adjustment drive assembly for adjusting the height of a first height adjustment bracket to adapt to the co-line production of boxes with different height dimensions. The rear panel clamping and positioning mechanism includes a movable guide rail extending along the length direction of the first frame assembly and a rear panel clamping and positioning assembly slidably arranged on the movable guide rail to adapt to the co-line production capacity of boxes with different length dimensions. The box welding fixture includes a second frame assembly and a three-axis transfer module mounted on the second frame assembly. The three-axis transfer module is equipped with a box welding mechanism for performing combined welding of the box body. The top cover assembly tooling includes a third frame assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction, and the third frame assembly is provided with a top cover pressing and positioning mechanism for pressing and positioning the top cover plate on the box body. The top cover welding fixture includes a fourth frame assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying device along its width direction, and a fifth frame assembly spanning the conveying device and located close to the fourth frame assembly. The fourth frame assembly is provided with a horizontal transfer module, and the horizontal transfer module is provided with a first top cover welding mechanism for welding the long side of the top cover plate to the long side of the body. The moving direction of the horizontal transfer module is consistent with the transmission direction of the conveying device. The fifth frame assembly is provided with a second top cover welding mechanism for welding the short side of the top cover plate to the short side of the body.

2. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sixth frame assembly is provided with a guide rail along its length for guiding the movement of the dual-axis transfer module. The dual-axis transfer module includes a transfer trolley and a trolley drive assembly for driving the transfer trolley to move along the guide rail. The transfer trolley is provided with an extraction drive assembly for driving the extraction mechanism to move along the height direction of the sixth frame assembly.

3. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 2, characterized in that: The extraction mechanism includes an extraction support and multiple sets of extraction components symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the extraction support. The multiple sets of extraction components are distributed along the length direction of the extraction support. Each extraction component includes a suction cup extraction component and a magnetic extraction component.

4. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The production line also includes a loading fixture and an inspection and adjustment fixture. The loading fixture includes a first loading mechanism arranged before the box assembly fixture along the transmission direction of the conveying device, and a second loading mechanism arranged between the box assembly fixture and the box welding fixture. The first loading mechanism includes a first loading track symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the conveying device. The first loading track is parallel to the transmission direction of the conveying device. A first loading trolley and a second loading trolley are respectively arranged on the first loading track. The second loading mechanism includes a second loading track arranged on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction. The second loading track is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the conveying device. A third loading trolley and a fourth loading trolley are respectively arranged on the second loading track. The first loading trolley and the fourth loading trolley are used to transport side panels, the second loading trolley is used to transport rear panels, and the third loading trolley is used to transport the front frame. The inspection and adjustment fixture is arranged after the top cover welding fixture along the transmission direction of the conveying device. The inspection and adjustment fixture includes inspection and adjustment platforms arranged on both sides of the conveying device along the width direction.

5. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying device includes multiple sets of conveying mechanisms arranged along the transmission direction. Each conveying mechanism includes a conveying base. Multiple adjusting slide rails extending along the width direction of the conveying base are distributed along the length direction. Multiple sets of conveying brackets are slidably connected to the adjusting slide rails. Rolling beds are provided on the conveying brackets. A width adjusting component is connected between two adjacent sets of conveying brackets. The width adjusting component is used to adjust the width between two adjacent rolling beds. Multiple sets of base plate clamping components for clamping the base plate frame are distributed along the length direction on the conveying brackets. A base plate limiting component for limiting the position of the base plate frame is provided on the conveying base between two adjacent rolling beds and at the conveying end of the conveying mechanism.

6. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 5, characterized in that: The production line also includes a material unloading fixture, which is arranged after the inspection and adjustment fixture along the transmission direction of the conveying device. The material unloading fixture includes a material unloading track, which is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the conveying device. A material unloading and transfer module is provided on the material unloading track, which is used to transfer the carriage.

7. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unloading and transfer module includes an unloading trolley mounted on the unloading track and a conveying mechanism mounted on the unloading trolley. The unloading trolley is provided with an unloading drive assembly for driving the unloading trolley to move along the unloading track.

8. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side clamping and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of side clamping and positioning components symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first frame assembly along the height direction. The plurality of side clamping and positioning components are distributed along the length direction of the first frame assembly. The front clamping and positioning mechanism is arranged at one end of the first frame assembly along the length direction near the bottom plate limiting component. The front clamping and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of front clamping and positioning components distributed along the height direction of the first frame assembly.

9. The automatic welding production line for carriages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover clamping and positioning mechanism is located at one end of the third frame assembly away from the conveying device along the height direction. The top cover clamping and positioning mechanism includes a plurality of top cover clamping and positioning components distributed along the length direction of the third frame assembly. The top cover clamping and positioning components include a top cover clamping and positioning drive component and a top cover clamping and positioning component.

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