A device and method for ultra-precision machining of gear surfaces based on nanoenergy.

Abstract

This invention relates to a device and method for ultra-precision machining of gear surfaces based on nanoenergy. The invention includes a working platform, a motion module, and a machining module. The bottoms of both the motion module and the machining module are mounted on the working platform. The motion module is used to adjust the height of the machining module. The machining module includes an ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, a mold, a clamping mechanism, and a position adjustment mechanism. The workpiece to be machined, after being mounted with the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, can be placed in the mold. The mold is mounted on the clamping mechanism, which is located on the position adjustment mechanism. The mold is designed to conform to the shape of the workpiece. The mold contains nanoscale magnetorheological fluid. The clamping mechanism is an electromagnet. The invention also includes a frequency converter for adjusting the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field, thereby controlling the movement of magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid. This invention significantly improves the efficiency of ultra-precision machining of parts and enhances the surface quality of the parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-precision machining technology for gear surfaces, and more particularly to a device and method for ultra-precision machining of gear surfaces based on nanoenergy. Background Technology

[0002] Gears, lead screws, and other transmission components offer advantages such as high efficiency, smooth transmission, and large load capacity, making them widely used in aerospace, industrial equipment, and transportation, with a very high demand. Gears with high surface quality can effectively reduce impacts caused by tooth deformation and errors during meshing, effectively improve tooth surface lubrication, thereby reducing additional dynamic loads, lowering transmission noise, minimizing impact damage during operation, and preventing premature tooth surface failure. This improves gear lifespan and operational stability, ultimately enhancing the stability and lifespan of the entire system.

[0003] Traditional methods for precision gear machining include shaving, honing, grinding, and lapping. These methods suffer from low efficiency and demanding processing requirements. Furthermore, they generate micron- or even nano-sized particles during machining, making waste virtually impossible to recycle. To avoid thermal damage to gear surfaces and reduce tool wear, these traditional methods utilize large amounts of cutting fluid. However, cutting fluids often contain chemical reagents, and the discharge of these chemicals contributes to environmental damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a device and method for ultra-precision machining of gear surfaces based on nanoenergy. This invention utilizes a multi-physical field (electromagnetic field, force field) composite method to achieve green and efficient ultra-precision machining of gear transmission parts. The nanoenergy involved in this invention mainly involves the nanoscale machining of the surface of parts through high-frequency impact of nanomagnetic particles.

[0005] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0006] A nanoenergy-based ultra-precision gear surface machining device includes a work platform, a motion module, and a machining module. The bottom of the motion module and the bottom of the machining module are both mounted on the work platform. The motion module is used to adjust the height of the machining module. The machining module includes an ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, a mold, a clamping mechanism, and a position adjustment mechanism. The workpiece to be machined can be placed in the mold after being installed with the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism. The mold is mounted on the clamping mechanism, which is set on the position adjustment mechanism. The mold is designed to conform to the shape of the workpiece to be machined. The mold contains nanoscale magnetorheological fluid. The clamping mechanism is an electromagnet. The device also includes a frequency converter for adjusting the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field, thereby controlling the movement of magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid.

[0007] Furthermore, the work platform is made of marble. Its high rigidity ensures the stability of the device during operation.

[0008] Furthermore, the motion module includes an optical axis guide rod, a lead screw, a linear bearing, a connecting plate, a lead screw nut, a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley, a second flange bearing, and a second motor. The lower surface of the flange edge of the second flange bearing, which is coaxially mounted with the second motor, is connected to the upper surface of the work platform. The first synchronous pulley, coaxially mounted on the second motor, transmits power to the second synchronous pulley, which is coaxially mounted with the lead screw, via a synchronous belt. The lead screw is coaxially mounted with a lead screw nut, and the right side of the lead screw nut is connected to the left side of the connecting plate. The right side of the linear bearing, coaxially mounted on the optical axis guide rod, is also connected to the left side of the connecting plate. The right side of the connecting plate is connected to the left side of the support of the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism of the processing module.

[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism includes a spindle, an ultrasonic tool holder, a support, a first motor, a first flange bearing, a third synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt, a third flange bearing, a fourth flange bearing, and a fourth synchronous pulley. The lower surface of the flange edge of the first flange bearing, coaxially mounted with the first motor, is connected to the upper surface of the support. The first flange bearing is coaxially mounted with a hole on the left side of the upper surface of the support. The fourth synchronous pulley, coaxially mounted at the lower end of the first motor, transmits power to the third synchronous pulley via the synchronous belt, driving the spindle to rotate. The flange edge of the fourth flange bearing, coaxially mounted at the upper end of the spindle, is connected to the upper surface of the support. The fourth flange bearing is coaxially engaged with a hole on the right side of the upper surface of the support. The spindle is connected to the ultrasonic tool holder. The third flange bearing, coaxially mounted on the ultrasonic tool holder, is coaxially mounted with a hole on the right side of the lower surface of the support. The ultrasonic tool holder is coaxially mounted with the workpiece to be processed.

[0010] Furthermore, the spindle and the ultrasonic scalpel holder are driven by electromagnetic induction. Compared to direct power supply, this avoids the possibility of wires becoming tangled.

[0011] Furthermore, the position adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis platform and a Y-axis platform. The position of the mold is adjusted by the movement of the X-axis platform and the Y-axis platform. Both the X-axis platform and the Y-axis platform have a locking function. When the mold moves to the appropriate position, the X-axis platform and the Y-axis platform are locked to prevent the platform from moving during the processing.

[0012] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a multi-jaw chuck, which is mounted on the upper side of the position adjustment mechanism. The multi-jaw chuck includes a chuck and multiple jaws. The mold is coaxially assembled with the chuck and clamped by the multiple jaws of the chuck.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the mold is spaced 0.1 to 2 mm from the outer wall of the part to be processed.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetorheological fluid includes olive oil, nickel spheres with a particle size distribution of 10-30 nm and coated with hexagonal boron nitride, and oleic acid. Olive oil serves as the base carrier fluid, hexagonal boron nitride acts as a grinding agent, the nickel core is a magnetic sensitive particle that affects the shear properties of the magnetorheological fluid, and oleic acid is a surfactant to prevent the sedimentation of the magnetic sensitive particles.

[0015] This invention also discloses a method for ultra-precision machining of gear surfaces based on nanoenergy, the steps of which are as follows:

[0016] S1: Place the parts to be processed into an ultrasonic cleaner containing a green and environmentally friendly industrial cleaning agent. During the cleaning process, the cleaning solution should be stirred thoroughly to facilitate the removal of stains from the surface of the parts to be processed.

[0017] S2: Clean the surface of the parts to be processed with anhydrous ethanol to remove the residual industrial cleaning agent. The cleaning time is determined based on the surface area and number of parts to be processed. After cleaning, blow dry the parts to be processed.

[0018] S3: Clamp the part to be processed on the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, and reset the position adjustment mechanism to the origin, that is, make the axis of the surface of the part to be processed collinear with the axis of the clamping mechanism;

[0019] S4: Clamp the mold on the clamping mechanism and lower the lower surface of the part to be processed to a preset position away from the upper surface of the mold;

[0020] S5: Rotate the part to be processed so that the texture on the lower surface of the part to be processed is pre-aligned with the gap on the upper surface of the mold.

[0021] S6: Continue to lower the part to be processed and make fine adjustments to ensure that the texture on the lower surface of the part to be processed is aligned with the gap on the upper surface of the mold.

[0022] S7: While rotating, lower the workpiece to a height H. During the descent, the workpiece is rotated by an angle θ = θ 螺旋角 / H;

[0023] S8: Pour the magnetorheological fluid into the mold;

[0024] S9: Power on the clamping mechanism, power the ultrasonic tool holder, and power the frequency converter;

[0025] S10: Control the reverse of step S7 to raise the part to be processed;

[0026] S11: Repeat S7 and S10 multiple times until the part to be processed is completed;

[0027] S12: De-energize the clamping mechanism, de-energize the ultrasonic tool holder, de-energize the frequency converter, and disassemble the parts to be processed and the mold.

[0028] S13: Clean the parts to be processed with alcohol and then blow them dry.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The device greatly improves the efficiency of ultra-precision machining of parts; (2) The materials used in the device are more environmentally friendly, solving the problem of environmental unfriendliness of traditional processing; (3) The device greatly improves the surface quality and processing efficiency of parts based on the high-frequency nanoscale impact and scratching of micron-level particles on the surface of parts, solving the problem that traditional Hawker technology can only improve the surface of parts with a single millimeter-level tool. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a four-jaw chuck structure.

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of the assembly of the parts to be processed, the mold, and the magnetorheological fluid.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the part to be processed.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mold.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Optical axis guide rod; 2. Lead screw; 3. High-precision motor; 4. First flange bearing; 5. Linear bearing; 6. Connecting plate; 7. Lead screw nut; 8. Support; 9. First synchronous pulley; 10. Second synchronous pulley; 11. Second flange bearing; 12. High-precision high-torque motor; 13. Working platform; 14. X-axis platform; 15. Y-axis platform; 16. Four-jaw chuck; 16-1. Chuck; 16-2. First jaw; 16-3. Second jaw; 16-4. Third jaw; 16-5. Fourth jaw; 17. Mold; 18. Part to be processed; 19. Third flange bearing; 20. Ultrasonic tool holder; 21. Spindle; 22. Third synchronous pulley; 23. Synchronous belt; 24. Fourth flange bearing; 25. Fourth synchronous pulley; 26. Frequency converter; 27. Magnetorheological fluid. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0042] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0043] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0044] like Figures 1-5As shown in the figure, this invention discloses an ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy, including a working platform 13, a motion module, and a machining module. The bottom of the motion module and the bottom of the machining module are both mounted on the working platform 13. The motion module is used to adjust the height of the machining module. The machining module includes an ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, a mold 17, a clamping mechanism, and a position adjustment mechanism. The workpiece to be machined can be placed in the mold 17 after being installed with the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism. The mold 17 is mounted on the clamping mechanism, which is set on the position adjustment mechanism. The mold 17 is designed to conform to the shape of the workpiece to be machined. The mold 17 contains nanoscale magnetorheological fluid 27. The clamping mechanism is an electromagnet. It also includes a frequency converter 26 for adjusting the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field, thereby controlling the movement of magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid 27. The frequency converter 26 is used to generate an alternating magnetic field to control the movement direction and speed of the magnetic sensitive particles, the number of magnetic sensitive particles interacting with the workpiece 18, and the frequency of the high-frequency micro-amplitude impact between the magnetic sensitive particles and the workpiece 18.

[0045] The working platform 13 is made of marble. Its high rigidity ensures the stability of the device during operation.

[0046] The motion module includes an optical axis guide rod 1, a lead screw 2, a linear bearing 5, a connecting plate 6, a nut for the lead screw 2, a first synchronous pulley 9, a second synchronous pulley 10, a second flange bearing 11, and a second motor 12. The lower surface of the flange edge of the second flange bearing 11, which is coaxially mounted with the second motor 12, is connected to the upper surface of the work platform 13. The first synchronous pulley 9, coaxially mounted on the second motor 12, transmits power to the second synchronous pulley 10, which is coaxially mounted with the lead screw 2, via a synchronous belt 23. A lead screw nut 7 is coaxially mounted on the lead screw 2. The rotation of the lead screw 2 drives the coaxially mounted lead screw nut 7 to move up and down. The right side of the lead screw nut 7 is connected to the left side of the connecting plate 6 by screws. The right side of the linear bearing 5, coaxially mounted on the optical axis guide rod 1, is also connected to the left side of the connecting plate 6 by screws. The right side of the connecting plate 6 is connected to the left side of the support 8 of the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism of the processing module. In this embodiment, the second motor 12 is a high-precision, high-torque motor.

[0047] The ultrasonic scalpel handle mechanism includes a main shaft 21, an ultrasonic scalpel handle 20, a support 8, a first motor 3, a first flange bearing 4, a third synchronous pulley 22, a synchronous belt 23, a third flange bearing 19, a fourth flange bearing 24, and a fourth synchronous pulley. The lower surface of the flange edge of the first flange bearing 4, coaxially mounted on the first motor 3, is connected to the upper surface of the support 8. The first flange bearing 4 is coaxially mounted with a hole on the left side of the upper surface of the support 8. The fourth synchronous pulley 25, coaxially mounted on the lower end of the first motor 3, transmits power to the third synchronous pulley 22 through the synchronous belt 23, driving the main shaft 21 to rotate. The flange edge of the fourth flange bearing 24, coaxially mounted on the upper end of the main shaft 21, is connected to the upper surface of the support 8. The fourth flange bearing 24 is coaxially engaged with a hole on the right side of the upper surface of the support 8. The main shaft 21 is connected to the ultrasonic scalpel handle 20. The third flange bearing 19, coaxially mounted on the ultrasonic scalpel handle 20, is coaxially mounted with a hole on the right side of the lower surface of the support 8. The ultrasonic scalpel handle 20 is coaxially mounted with the workpiece 18 to be processed. In this embodiment, the first motor 3 is a high-precision motor.

[0048] The spindle 21 and the ultrasonic scalpel handle 20 are driven by electromagnetic induction. Compared with direct power supply, this avoids the problem of wires getting tangled.

[0049] The position adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis platform 14 and a Y-axis platform 15. The position of the mold 17 is adjusted by the movement of the X-axis platform 14 and the Y-axis platform 15. Both the X-axis platform 14 and the Y-axis platform 15 have a locking function. When the mold 17 moves to the appropriate position, the X-axis platform 14 and the Y-axis platform 15 are locked to prevent the platform from moving during the processing.

[0050] The clamping mechanism includes a multi-jaw chuck, which is mounted on top of the position adjustment mechanism. The multi-jaw chuck includes a chuck and multiple jaws. The mold 17 is coaxially assembled with the chuck and clamped by the multiple jaws. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, there are four jaws, which constitute a four-jaw chuck 16. The four-jaw chuck 16 consists of chuck 16-1, jaw 16-2, jaw 2 16-3, jaw 3 16-4, and jaw 4 16-5. The mold 17 is coaxially assembled with the chuck 16-1 and clamped by the four jaws: chuck 16-1, jaw 16-2, jaw 2 16-3, jaw 3 16-4, and jaw 4 16-5.

[0051] like Figure 4As shown, the gear processed in this embodiment is a helical gear, specifically a parallel-axis involute helical cylindrical gear. During meshing, when the front face of its tooth profile disengages, the rear face of the tooth profile remains engaged. There is no sudden loading and unloading in the tooth width direction. The meshing process of the parallel-axis involute helical cylindrical gear is longer than that of a spur gear, and the number of meshing gear pairs is also greater, meaning its overlap is larger compared to spur gears. Correspondingly, the mold specifications match its shape. The inner wall of the mold 17 is spaced 0.1–2 mm from the outer wall of the part to be processed. This greatly reduces the consumption of the magnetorheological fluid 27. In this embodiment, the mold 17 is prepared using 316L stainless steel powder as raw material and selective laser melting technology.

[0052] The magnetorheological fluid 27 includes olive oil, nickel spheres with a particle size distribution of 10-30 nm and coated with hexagonal boron nitride, and oleic acid. Olive oil is the base carrier fluid, hexagonal boron nitride acts as a grinding agent, nickel cores are magnetic sensitive particles that affect the shear properties of the magnetorheological fluid 27, and oleic acid is a surfactant to prevent the sedimentation of magnetic sensitive particles.

[0053] In this embodiment, the nickel spheres coated with hexagonal boron nitride are prepared according to the following mass ratio: oleic acid: olive oil = 4:3:3. The specific preparation method is as follows: first, olive oil is added to a beaker, then oleic acid is added, and finally the nickel spheres coated with hexagonal boron nitride are added. The mixture is then placed on a vibration table with a vibration frequency of 5 kHz for 24 hours to ensure uniform mixing. The D of the nickel spheres coated with hexagonal boron nitride on their outer surface... 50 (i.e., the particle size exceeding 50% of the powder) is determined based on the surface roughness and required surface quality of the part to be processed, D 50 =500(0.7Ro) M +0.3Ra μ );

[0054] The hexagonal boron nitride used possesses excellent comprehensive properties, such as strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, high-temperature stability, and thermal conductivity. The hexagonal boron nitride is deposited onto nickel spheres using a low-temperature chemical vapor deposition method.

[0055] This invention also discloses a method for ultra-precision machining of gear surfaces based on nanoenergy, the steps of which are as follows:

[0056] S1: Place the part to be processed 18 into an ultrasonic cleaner containing an environmentally friendly industrial cleaning agent (600E). During the cleaning process, the cleaning solution should be thoroughly stirred to facilitate the removal of stains from the surface of the part 18. To further accelerate the cleaning speed, turn on the heating module (T is the heating temperature) to increase the dissolution rate and solubility of the stain molecules. The cleaning time (t / s) is based on the surface area of ​​the part 18 (S / mm²). 2 The quantity (N / piece) is determined, i.e., t = (10 × N × S) / T;

[0057] S2: Clean the surface of the parts to be processed with anhydrous ethanol to remove residual industrial cleaning agent. The cleaning time (t / s) is based on the surface area (S / mm) of the parts to be processed. 2 The quantity (N / piece) is determined, i.e., t=(10×N×S) / T. After cleaning, the parts to be processed 18 are dried immediately with a hot air blower.

[0058] S3: Clamp the workpiece to be processed on the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, and reset the position adjustment mechanism to the origin, that is, reset the X-axis platform 10 and the Y-axis platform 11 to the origin, that is, make the axis of the surface of the workpiece to be processed collinear with the axis of the clamping mechanism (four-jaw chuck 16).

[0059] S4: Clamp the mold 17 onto the clamping mechanism, and lower the lower surface of the part to be processed to a preset position at a distance of 5mm from the upper surface of the mold 17 by manual programming control; in this embodiment, this is 5mm from the upper surface of the mold 17. Specifically, the movement in the height direction is achieved by controlling the number of rotations of the high-precision high-torque motor 12, which drives the rotation of the lead screw nut 7 on the lead screw 2 via a synchronous belt.

[0060] S5: Manually rotate the part to be processed so that the texture on the lower surface of the part to be processed is pre-aligned with the gap on the upper surface of the mold 17.

[0061] S6: Continue to lower the part to be processed, and make fine adjustments to ensure that the texture on the lower surface of the part to be processed is aligned with the gap on the upper surface of the mold 17; in this embodiment, continue to lower it by 4.95mm.

[0062] S7: While rotating, lower the workpiece to its height H. During the descent, the workpiece is rotated by an angle θ = θ helix angle / H. In this embodiment, the height H of the workpiece is 20mm.

[0063] S8: Pour the magnetorheological fluid 27 into the mold 17;

[0064] S9: Power on the clamping mechanism, power the ultrasonic scalpel holder 20, power the frequency converter 26, and the frequency of the ultrasonic scalpel holder is 30kHz.

[0065] S10: Control the reverse of step S7 to raise the part to be processed;

[0066] S11: Repeat S7 and S10 multiple times until the part to be processed is completed. The standard for completion is to achieve a mirror finish. Specifically, you can first observe the surface with the naked eye in a well-lit place to ensure it is bright and free of scratches, and then measure it with an instrument.

[0067] S12: De-energize the clamping mechanism, de-energize the ultrasonic tool holder 20, de-energize the frequency converter 26, and disassemble the parts to be processed and the mold 17.

[0068] S13: Clean the parts to be processed with alcohol and dry them immediately with a hair dryer.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear surface ultra-precision machining device based on nanoenergy, characterized in that, The system includes a working platform, a motion module, and a processing module. The bottoms of both the motion module and the processing module are mounted on the working platform. The motion module is used to adjust the height of the processing module. The processing module includes an ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, a mold, a clamping mechanism, and a position adjustment mechanism. The part to be processed, after being installed with the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, can be placed in the mold. The mold is mounted on the clamping mechanism, which is located on the position adjustment mechanism. The mold is designed to conform to the shape of the part to be processed. The mold contains a nanoscale magnetorheological fluid, which includes olive oil, nickel spheres with a particle size distribution of 10–30 nm coated with hexagonal boron nitride, and oleic acid. Olive oil serves as the base fluid, hexagonal boron nitride acts as a grinding agent, the nickel core is a magnetically sensitive particle that affects the shear properties of the magnetorheological fluid, and oleic acid is a surfactant to prevent the sedimentation of the magnetically sensitive particles. The mass ratio of the hexagonal boron nitride-coated nickel spheres to oleic acid to olive oil is 4:3:

3. The clamping mechanism is an electromagnet, and also includes a frequency converter for adjusting the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field, thereby controlling the movement of magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid.

2. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The work platform is made of marble.

3. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motion module includes an optical axis guide rod, a lead screw, a linear bearing, a connecting plate, a lead screw nut, a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley, a second flange bearing, and a second motor. The lower surface of the flange edge of the second flange bearing, which is coaxially mounted with the second motor, is connected to the upper surface of the work platform. The first synchronous pulley, coaxially mounted on the second motor, transmits power to the second synchronous pulley, which is coaxially mounted with the lead screw, via a synchronous belt. The lead screw is coaxially mounted with a lead screw nut, and the right side of the lead screw nut is connected to the left side of the connecting plate. The right side of the linear bearing, coaxially mounted on the optical axis guide rod, is also connected to the left side of the connecting plate. The right side of the connecting plate is connected to the left side of the support of the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism of the processing module.

4. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic tool holder mechanism includes a spindle, an ultrasonic tool holder, a support, a first motor, a first flange bearing, a third synchronous pulley, a synchronous belt, a third flange bearing, a fourth flange bearing, and a fourth synchronous pulley. The lower surface of the flange edge of the first flange bearing, coaxially mounted on the first motor, is connected to the upper surface of the support. The first flange bearing is coaxially mounted with a hole on the left side of the upper surface of the support. The fourth synchronous pulley, coaxially mounted on the lower end of the first motor, transmits power to the third synchronous pulley via the synchronous belt, driving the spindle to rotate. The flange edge of the fourth flange bearing, coaxially mounted on the upper end of the spindle, is connected to the upper surface of the support. The fourth flange bearing is coaxially engaged with a hole on the right side of the upper surface of the support. The spindle is connected to the ultrasonic tool holder. The third flange bearing, coaxially mounted on the ultrasonic tool holder, is coaxially mounted with a hole on the right side of the lower surface of the support. The ultrasonic tool holder is coaxially mounted with the workpiece to be processed.

5. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spindle and the ultrasonic scalpel holder are driven by electromagnetic induction.

6. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The position adjustment mechanism includes an X-axis platform and a Y-axis platform. The position of the mold is adjusted by the movement of the X-axis platform and the Y-axis platform. Both the X-axis platform and the Y-axis platform have a locking function. When the mold moves to the appropriate position, the X-axis platform and the Y-axis platform are locked to prevent the platform from moving during the processing.

7. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism includes a multi-jaw chuck, which is mounted on the upper side of the position adjustment mechanism. The multi-jaw chuck includes a chuck and multiple jaws. The mold is coaxially assembled with the chuck and clamped by the multiple jaws.

8. The ultra-precision gear surface machining device based on nanoenergy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mold is spaced 0.1 to 2 mm from the outer wall of the part to be processed.

9. A machining method for a gear surface ultra-precision machining apparatus based on nanoenergy as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place the parts to be processed into an ultrasonic cleaner containing a green and environmentally friendly industrial cleaning agent. During the cleaning process, the cleaning solution should be stirred thoroughly to facilitate the removal of stains from the surface of the parts to be processed. S2: Clean the surface of the parts to be processed with anhydrous ethanol to remove residual industrial cleaning agent. The cleaning time is determined based on the surface area and number of parts to be processed. After cleaning, dry the parts to be processed. S3: Clamp the part to be processed on the ultrasonic tool holder mechanism, and reset the position adjustment mechanism to the origin, that is, make the axis of the surface of the part to be processed collinear with the axis of the clamping mechanism; S4: Clamp the mold on the clamping mechanism and lower the lower surface of the part to be processed to a preset position away from the upper surface of the mold; S5: Rotate the part to be processed so that the texture on the lower surface of the part to be processed is pre-aligned with the gap on the upper surface of the mold. S6: Continue to lower the part to be processed and fine-tune it to ensure that the texture on its lower surface is aligned with the gap on the upper surface of the mold. S7: While rotating the part to be processed, lower the height H of the part to be processed. S8: Pour the magnetorheological fluid into the mold; S9: Power on the clamping mechanism, power the ultrasonic tool holder, and power the frequency converter; S10: Control the reverse of step S7 to raise the part to be processed; S11: Repeat S7 and S10 multiple times until the part to be processed is completed; S12: De-energize the clamping mechanism, de-energize the ultrasonic tool holder, de-energize the frequency converter, and disassemble the parts to be processed and the mold; S13: Clean the parts to be processed with alcohol and then blow them dry.

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