A multifunctional field data collection device and control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of field data collection, and more specifically, to a multifunctional field data collection device and a control method. A multifunctional field data collection device according to the present invention includes a device body, the device body includes a vehicle body, the vehicle body includes a data collection mechanism and a moving mechanism arranged on both sides of the data collection mechanism; the moving mechanism includes two swing arms arranged relatively tilted; wheels are provided at the bottom ends of the two swing arms, and the top ends of the two swing arms are movably connected to the same main bracket, and an adjustment mechanism is also provided at the main bracket, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the two swing arms. The device body in the present invention can directly adjust the height by adjusting the angle between the swing arms, and the operation is convenient. It can not only better improve the passability of the vehicle body, but also be better suitable for crops of different heights.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of field data collection, and in particular to a multifunctional field data collection device and a control method. Background Art

[0002] A field data collection vehicle is a vehicle specially designed for data collection in farmland or agricultural environments. It is usually equipped with various sensors and devices to collect and record agriculture-related data, such as temperature, light intensity, meteorological conditions, etc. These data are important for agricultural management, decision-making, and optimizing crop growth.

[0003] Due to the large number of ditches and ridges in the fields and the complex road conditions, existing field collection vehicles usually adopt a fixed chassis structure. Therefore, it is difficult to make convenient and stable height adjustments during use. This results in poor vehicle passability when encountering different terrains, and it is easily blocked by terrain obstacles, reducing the vehicle's mobility. Secondly, the installation positions of the collection boxes and sensors of existing field collection vehicles are usually fixed, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the height. This makes it difficult for collectors to easily adjust the height of the collection boxes and sensors under different operating requirements, which directly affects the accuracy and efficiency of data collection. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a multifunctional field data collection device, which can overcome certain defects of the prior art.

[0005] A multifunctional field data collection device according to the present invention comprises a device body, the device body comprises a vehicle body, the vehicle body comprises a data collection mechanism and a moving mechanism arranged on both sides of the data collection mechanism;

[0006] The moving mechanism includes two swing arms arranged at an angle relative to each other; wheels are provided at the bottom ends of the two swing arms, and the top ends of the two swing arms are movably connected to the same main bracket. The main bracket is also provided with an adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the angle between the two swing arms.

[0007] Preferably, the two swing arms can rotate toward or away from each other with the connection point between their top ends and the main support as the rotation center.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism comprises a first drive motor mounted on the top wall of the main bracket, the output end of the first drive motor is connected to a first screw rod; the first screw rod is threadedly connected to a sliding plate, and both ends of the sliding plate are respectively movably matched with the swing arms on both sides;

[0009] Preferably, both ends of the sliding plate are movably provided with sliding seats, and a sliding groove extending along the length direction of the swing arm is formed at a side wall of the swing arm near the sliding seat; the sliding groove is T-shaped and includes a first groove portion and a second groove portion, the first groove portion is close to the sliding seat and forms an opening, and a step is formed at the junction of the first groove portion and the second groove portion; the sliding seat includes a first end portion, a middle portion, and a second end portion;

[0010] The first end of the sliding seat is movably connected to the sliding plate through a rotating shaft, and friction damping is formed between the two sides of the first end of the sliding seat and the sliding plate; the sliding seat can rotate with the connection point between the first end and the sliding plate as the rotation center; a sliding block is formed at the second end of the sliding seat, and the sliding block is used to slide with the second groove portion of the sliding groove, and the middle portion of the sliding seat can pass through the first groove portion of the sliding groove; the sliding seat is used to tilt upward to abut against the sliding groove at the swing arm.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the sliding block far from the middle portion is formed with a chamfer, the chamfer is used to abut against the bottom wall of the sliding groove, and one end of the sliding block near the middle portion is used to abut against the step at the sliding groove with a gap.

[0012] Preferably, a threaded rod is provided on the side wall of the middle part of the sliding block, a threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, a support plate is provided on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve, the support plate is used to rotate from bottom to top with the threaded sleeve and abut against the outer wall of the swing arm, and an elastic buffer block is provided at the end of the support plate.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting cross bar is provided between the swing arms on both sides of the data acquisition mechanism, and the connecting cross bars are respectively positioned and connected by triangular connecting plates.

[0014] Preferably, a main pole is connected between the main brackets on both sides, and a hanging seat is provided at both ends of the main pole, and the hanging seat is slidably matched with the main pole; a second driving motor and a second screw rod for driving the hanging seat to move are provided at the top wall of the main pole; a hanging pin is provided at the side wall of the hanging seat, and the hanging pin is used to position and match with the hanging holes on both sides of the material box; a camera is installed on the side wall of the main pole, and oblique rods are provided at the positions of the main pole on both sides of the camera, and a support seat is provided at the top of the oblique rod, and a data acquisition bracket is installed on the top wall of the support seat, and the top of the data acquisition bracket is used to install a sensor, and the support seat is also provided with a third driving motor for driving the sensor to move through a connecting rod to adjust the height; a control box is also provided on one side wall of the main pole, and a controller and a power supply are provided in the control box.

[0015] Preferably, independent motors for driving are installed at the wheels.

[0016] The present invention also provides a field data collection control method, which is implemented based on the aforementioned multifunctional field data collection device, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S1, increasing the angle between the two swing arms through the adjustment mechanism to reduce the height;

[0018] Step S2, installing the material box through the mounting base and the plug pin;

[0019] Step S3, reducing the angle between the two swing arms through the adjustment mechanism to increase the height;

[0020] Step S4, adjusting the height position of the sensor;

[0021] Step S5: remotely control the field data collection through the control box.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The device body in the present invention can be adjusted in height by directly adjusting the angle between the swing arms, which is easy to operate. It can not only improve the passability of the vehicle body, but also be better suitable for crops of different heights.

[0024] (2) The longer swing arm of the present invention can itself have a certain amount of deformation, so that the vehicle body can still keep four wheels on the ground when passing through an uneven roadside, thereby ensuring sufficient driving force.

[0025] (3) In the present invention, each wheel is equipped with an independent motor drive for independent control, so that forward, backward, steering, and on-the-spot U-turn operations can be better achieved, thereby eliminating the need to set up a steering system, simplifying the structure, and providing a prerequisite for adjusting the angle of the swing arm without considering the influence of the steering system.

[0026] (4) In the present invention, the height can be adjusted by the swing arm, and the material box can also be installed in conjunction with the mounting seat; after the height is lowered, the mounting seat moves inward to match the hanging hole at the material box, and then the height is raised again, and the material box is lifted and can move normally with the vehicle body; the operation is convenient, and it is convenient for transporting materials in the field.

[0027] (5) In the present invention, remote control can be achieved by combining the control box with the camera. If the camera and the recognition software integrated in the controller are further combined, automatic row driving can also be achieved, thereby effectively reducing the complexity of field test operations.

[0028] (6) The data acquisition bracket of the present invention can also be equipped with a variety of different sensors, such as a binocular camera, a spectral camera, etc., and can be height-adjusted in conjunction with the data acquisition bracket to meet the automatic adjustment of the installation height of different sensors; if a larger range of height adjustment is required, it can also be combined with an adjustment structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the device body;

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding seat in Example 4;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective;

[0034] Figure 6 A side view of the device body when it is elevated;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The enlarged schematic diagram of the center C;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the vehicle body;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the vehicle body height is lowered;

[0038] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A side view of;

[0039] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure without the material box;

[0040] Fig.12 Another side view of the vehicle body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit it.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment provides a multifunctional field data collection device, which includes a device body, the device body includes a vehicle body 100, the vehicle body 100 includes a data collection mechanism 110 and a moving mechanism 120 arranged on both sides of the data collection mechanism 110;

[0044] The moving mechanism 120 includes two swing arms 121 that are arranged at an angle relative to each other; wheels 122 are provided at the bottom ends of the two swing arms 121, and the top ends of the two swing arms 121 are movably connected to the same main bracket 130. The main bracket 130 is also provided with an adjustment mechanism 140, which is used to adjust the angle between the two swing arms 121.

[0045] Specifically, when the device body in this embodiment is in use, the collector can directly adjust the angle between the two swing arms 121 through the adjustment mechanism 140 to achieve height adjustment. At the same time, the longer the length of the swing arm 121, the greater the height adjustment brought about by the angle adjustment. Therefore, when the vehicle body 100 uses a longer swing arm 121, the height of the vehicle body 100 can be raised and lowered to a greater extent. On the one hand, the passability of the vehicle body 100 is better improved, and on the other hand, it can also be better suitable for fields planted with crops of different heights. Alternatively, the collector can also adopt the method of replacing the swing arms 121 of different lengths to further improve the applicability of the vehicle body 100 to crops of different heights.

[0046] In addition, the device body in this embodiment uses the swing arm 121 to adjust the wheelbase, and the swing arm 121 itself occupies a small space; first, it has little impact on the spatial arrangement of other components; second, it is not easy to be blocked by obstacles in the field, so as to ensure the driving passability;

[0047] Secondly, the swing arm 121 itself can also play a role similar to the suspension of the wheel 122. The longer swing arm 121 itself can also have a certain amount of deformation. The inclined swing arm 121 will also tend to be squeezed inward under the action of gravity, thereby pressing the wheel 122 to the ground to provide a stronger driving force.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The same as Example 1, but different from Example 1 is that: the device body in this embodiment is connected with a main rod 150 between the main brackets 130 on both sides, and both ends of the main rod 150 are provided with a hanging seat 210, and the hanging seat 210 and the main rod 150 are slidably matched; the top wall of the main rod 150 is provided with a second driving motor 160 and a second screw 220 for driving the hanging seat 210 to move; the side wall of the hanging seat 210 is provided with a hanging pin 230, and the hanging pin 230 is used to position and match with the hanging holes on both sides of the material box.

[0050] Specifically, when the device body in this embodiment is in use, while the height is adjusted by the swing arm 121, the collector can also control the movement of the hanging seat 210 through the second drive motor 160 to fix the material box. The specific operation process is as follows: the angle between the two swing arms 121 increases, and the height decreases. The two hanging seats 210 are controlled by the second drive motor 160 to move inward and position themselves with the hanging holes on both sides of the material box. The angle between the two swing arms 121 decreases, and the height increases, and the installation of the material box is completed.

[0051] It can be understood that the swing arm 121 in this embodiment can be used in conjunction with the mounting seat 210 to adjust the height, so that the material box can be installed more conveniently to transport materials.

[0052] A camera 194 is installed on the side wall of the main pole 150, and inclined rods 170 are provided at the positions of the main pole 150 on both sides of the camera 194. A support seat 180 is provided at the top of the inclined rod 170, and a data acquisition bracket 190 is installed on the top wall of the support seat 180. The top of the data acquisition bracket 190 is used to install a sensor 191, and the support seat 180 is also provided with a third drive motor 192 for driving the sensor 191 to move through a connecting rod to adjust the height; a control box 193 is also provided on one side wall of the main pole 150, and a controller and a power supply are provided in the control box 193.

[0053] When the device body in this embodiment is in use, the control box 193 contains a controller and a power supply, which can realize remote control; and it can also be combined with a camera 194 and recognition software integrated in the controller to realize automatic driving; in addition, the data acquisition bracket 190 can also be equipped with a variety of different sensors 191, such as a binocular camera 194, a spectral camera 194, etc., and cooperate with the data acquisition bracket 190 for height adjustment to meet the automatic adjustment of the installation height of different sensors 191; if a larger range of height adjustment is required, it can also be combined with the adjustment structure.

[0054] In this embodiment, a connecting cross bar 195 is provided between the swing arms 121 located on both sides of the data acquisition mechanism 110 , and the connecting cross bars 195 are positioned and connected by triangular connecting plates 196 .

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The same as the first embodiment, but different from the first embodiment is that the device body in the present embodiment: the two swing arms 121 can rotate toward or away from each other with the connection point between the top end and the main support 130 as the rotation center.

[0057] It can be understood that the two swing arms 121 can rotate to achieve the change of the angle, thereby directly completing the height adjustment. In addition, during the rotation of the two swing arms 121, the wheels 122 will also be driven to move; during the rotation, the swing arms 121 will give the wheels 122 pressure to press on the road surface, thereby effectively ensuring the position stability of the wheels 122 and the vehicle body 100 itself when the height is adjusted.

[0058] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 140 includes a first drive motor 310 installed on the top wall of the main bracket 130, and a first screw rod 320 is connected to the output end of the first drive motor 310; a sliding plate 330 is threadedly connected to the first screw rod 320, and both ends of the sliding plate 330 are movably matched with the swing arms 121 on both sides;

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, a screw module is used as a method for adjusting the angle, because the collector only needs to adjust the relative position between the two swing arms 121. At the same time, the sliding plate 330 is also arranged at the upper position of the swing arm 121. The torque required for the entire adjustment process does not need to be very large. Therefore, the use of the first drive motor 310 in combination with the first screw 320 can better meet the requirements, and it can be achieved without a larger first drive motor 310.

[0060] In addition, the first screw rod 320 itself also has good self-locking performance, which can keep the position of the sliding plate 330 stable; thus, it can ensure that the angle between the two swing arms 121 remains stable to a certain extent, thereby maintaining the height stability of the vehicle body 100 after adjustment.

[0061] Further, both ends of the sliding plate 330 are movably provided with sliding seats 340, and a sliding groove 350 extending along the length direction of the swing arm 121 is formed at a side wall of the swing arm 121 near the sliding seat 340; the sliding groove 350 is T-shaped and includes a first groove portion and a second groove portion, the first groove portion is close to the sliding seat 340 and forms an opening, and a step is formed at the junction of the first groove portion and the second groove portion; the sliding seat 340 includes a first end portion 410, a middle portion 420, and a second end portion 430;

[0062] The first end 410 of the sliding seat 340 is movably connected to the sliding plate 330 through a rotating shaft, and friction damping is formed between the two sides of the first end 410 of the sliding seat 340 and the sliding plate 330; the sliding seat 340 can rotate with the connection point between the first end 410 and the sliding plate 330 as the rotation center; a sliding block 431 is formed at the second end 430 of the sliding seat 340, and the sliding block 431 is used to slide with the second groove portion of the sliding groove 350, and the middle portion 420 of the sliding seat 340 can pass through the first groove portion of the sliding groove 350; the sliding seat 340 is used to tilt upward to abut against the sliding groove 350 at the swing arm 121.

[0063] It can be understood that the sliding plate 330 in this embodiment is threadedly connected to the first screw rod 320, and the angle of the sliding plate 330 is difficult to adjust. However, after the angle of the swing arm 121 is adjusted, the angle between it and the sliding plate 330 will change. Therefore, the first end 410 of the sliding seat 340 in this embodiment is able to rotate to adapt to the change in the angle between the swing arm 121 and the sliding plate 330; during this process, the sliding seat 340 will remain in an upward tilted state to tilt and support the swing arm 121.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] The same as Example 3, but different from Example 3 is that; in the device body of this embodiment, a chamfer 432 is formed on one end of the sliding block 431 far from the middle portion 420, and the chamfer 432 is used to abut against the bottom wall of the sliding groove 350, and an end of the sliding block 431 near the middle portion 420 is used to abut against the step at the sliding groove 350 with a gap.

[0066] Since the angle between the swing arm 121 and the sliding plate 330 will change, the relative position between the sliding groove 350 and the sliding block 431 will also change accordingly; the T-shaped sliding groove 350 itself can form a limiting effect on the sliding block 431, so that when the sliding block 431 moves with the sliding plate 330, it can drive the swing arm 121 to move inward or outward through the sliding groove 350; the chamfer 432 and the gap can facilitate a slight relative position change between the sliding block 431 and the sliding groove 350 (the movement of the sliding plate 330 will first drive the sliding block 431 to rotate with the sliding seat 340, and then drive the swing arm 121 to rotate) to avoid jamming.

[0067] That is, after the height adjustment is completed, the sliding seat 340 that needs to rotate relies on the pressure of the swing arm 121 pressing inward on the sliding block 431 under the action of gravity, and cooperates with friction damping to maintain stability. However, during the driving of the vehicle body 100, when a certain wheel 122 bumps, it may drive the swing arm 121 on that side to move upward. At this time, the relative angle between the swing arm 121 and the sliding seat 340 is easy to change due to fluctuations, and the rotation angle of the sliding seat 340 may change, resulting in slight differences in the states of the swing arms 121 at different wheels 122. The two swing arms 121 may deviate from the relatively symmetrical state. If the deviation is large, it may directly affect the normal driving of the vehicle body 100 and the height adjustment process performed by the sliding plate 330 in cooperation with the first screw rod 320.

[0068] A threaded rod 510 is provided on the side wall of the middle portion 420 of the sliding block 431, and a threaded sleeve 520 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 510. A support plate 530 is provided on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 520. The support plate 530 is used to rotate from bottom to top with the threaded sleeve 520 and abut against the outer wall of the swing arm 121. An elastic buffer block 540 is provided at the end of the support plate 530.

[0069] Therefore, in this embodiment, a threaded rod 510 is provided at the side wall of the middle portion 420 of the sliding block 431, and the threaded sleeve 520 at the threaded rod 510 can rotate around the threaded rod 510 to adjust the angle of the support plate 530, and the support plate 530 can rotate with the threaded sleeve 520 and press against the swing arm 121, and the sliding seat 340 (middle portion 420, sliding block 431), the swing arm 121 and the support plate 530 can be enclosed together to form a triangle, so as to form a relatively stable whole. During bumps, the support plate 530 can better serve as an auxiliary to maintain the relative position between the sliding seat 340 and the swing arm 121 stable; the buffer block 540 at the front end of the support plate 530 can also allow a smaller deformation offset to be formed between the support plate 530 and the swing arm 121 to protect the suspension function of the swing arm 121 itself; therefore, with the assistance of the support plate 530, it is possible to ensure that the swing arm 121 can perform the suspension function while avoiding the normal driving of the vehicle body 100 due to large deformation.

[0070] When height adjustment is required, it is only necessary to rotate the threaded sleeve 520 to rotate the support plate 530 away from the swing arm 121, so as not to interfere with the height adjustment; after the height adjustment is completed, the support plate 530 is screwed out and tightened on the swing arm 121 through the thread. This can better maintain a stable connection between the sliding seat 340 and the swing arm 121 on the one hand, and protect the first screw rod 320 on the other hand; because if a large relative displacement suddenly occurs between the sliding seat 340 (sliding plate 330) and the swing arm 121 due to bumps, it is also easy to cause damage to the first screw rod 320.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] The difference from the first or fourth embodiment is that in this embodiment, an independent motor 610 for driving is installed at each wheel 122 .

[0073] In this embodiment, each wheel 122 is configured with an independent motor 610 to drive and independently control, so that forward, backward, steering, and turning around on the spot can be better realized. In this embodiment, the four wheels 122 driven by the independent motor 610 can realize steering and turning around, so there is no need to set up a steering system, which simplifies the structure and provides a premise for adjusting the angle of the swing arm 121 without considering the influence of the steering system;

[0074] In addition, the independently driven front and rear wheels 122 drive forward and backward respectively, and can easily cooperate with the adjustment mechanism 140 to increase the front and rear wheelbase. Even when the whole machine is loaded with a large weight, the front and rear wheelbase can be adjusted without the need for a high-power wheelbase adjustment mechanism 140 drive motor.

[0075] Example 6

[0076] This embodiment provides a field data collection control method based on a multifunctional field data collection device in Embodiment 2, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0077] Step S1, increasing the angle between the two swing arms 121 through the adjustment mechanism 140 to reduce the height;

[0078] Step S2, installing the material box through the mounting base 210 and the plug pin;

[0079] Step S3, adjusting the angle between the two swing arms 121 by the adjusting mechanism 140 to reduce the angle so as to increase the height;

[0080] Step S4, adjusting the height position of the sensor 191;

[0081] Step S5: remotely control the control box 193 to collect field data.

[0082] It is easy to understand that those skilled in the art can combine, split, reorganize, etc. the embodiments of the present application to obtain other embodiments based on one or several embodiments provided in the present application, and these embodiments do not exceed the protection scope of the present application.

[0083] The present invention and its implementation methods are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The embodiments shown in the embodiments are only part of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by the embodiments and designs a structure and an implementation method similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional field data collection device, characterized in that: The device comprises a device body, the device body comprises a vehicle body (100), the vehicle body (100) comprises a data acquisition mechanism (110) and a moving mechanism (120) arranged on both sides of the data acquisition mechanism (110); The moving mechanism (120) comprises two swing arms (121) arranged to be inclined relative to each other; wheels (122) are provided at the bottom ends of the two swing arms (121); the top ends of the two swing arms (121) are movably connected to the same main bracket (130); an adjustment mechanism (140) is also provided at the main bracket (130); the adjustment mechanism (140) is used to adjust the angle between the two swing arms (121); The two swing arms (121) can rotate towards or away from each other with the connection point between the top ends of the two swing arms and the main support (130) as the rotation center; The adjustment mechanism (140) comprises a first drive motor (310) mounted on the top wall of the main bracket (130); the output end of the first drive motor (310) is connected to a first screw rod (320); a sliding plate (330) is threadedly connected to the first screw rod (320); two ends of the sliding plate (330) are respectively movably matched with swing arms (121) on both sides; Both ends of the sliding plate (330) are movably provided with sliding seats (340); a sliding groove (350) extending along the length direction of the swing arm (121) is formed at a side wall of the swing arm (121) near the sliding seat (340); the sliding groove (350) is T-shaped and includes a first groove portion and a second groove portion; the first groove portion is close to the sliding seat (340) and forms an opening; a step is formed at the junction of the first groove portion and the second groove portion; the sliding seat (340) includes a first end portion (410), a middle portion (420) and a second end portion (430); The first end (410) of the sliding seat (340) is movably connected to the sliding plate (330) via a rotating shaft, and friction damping is formed between the two sides of the first end (410) of the sliding seat (340) and the sliding plate (330); the sliding seat (340) can rotate with the connection point between the first end (410) and the sliding plate (330) as the rotation center; a sliding block (431) is formed at the second end (430) of the sliding seat (340), and the sliding block (431) is used to slide with the second groove portion of the sliding groove (350), and the middle portion (420) of the sliding seat (340) can pass through the first groove portion of the sliding groove (350); the sliding seat (340) is used to tilt upward to abut against the sliding groove (350) at the swing arm (121); One end of the sliding block (431) far from the middle portion (420) is formed with a chamfer (432), and the chamfer (432) is used to abut against the bottom wall of the sliding groove (350), and one end of the sliding block (431) near the middle portion (420) is used to abut against the step at the sliding groove (350) with a gap left; A threaded rod (510) is provided at the side wall of the middle part (420) of the sliding block (431), and a threaded sleeve (520) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (510). A support plate (530) is provided at the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (520). The support plate (530) is used to rotate from bottom to top with the threaded sleeve (520) and abut against the outer wall of the swing arm (121). A buffer block (540) with elasticity is provided at the end of the support plate (530).

2. A multifunctional field data collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting crossbar (195) is provided between the swing arms (121) located on both sides of the data acquisition mechanism (110), and the connecting crossbars (195) are respectively positioned and connected via triangular connecting plates (196).

3. A multifunctional field data collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main rod (150) is connected between the main brackets (130) on both sides, and a hanging seat (210) is provided at both ends of the main rod (150), and the hanging seat (210) and the main rod (150) are slidably matched; a second driving motor (160) and a second screw rod (220) for driving the hanging seat (210) to move are provided at the top wall of the main rod (150); a hanging pin (230) is provided at the side wall of the hanging seat (210), and the hanging pin (230) is used to position and match with the hanging holes on both sides of the material box; A camera (194) is installed on the side wall of the main rod (150); inclined rods (170) are provided at positions on both sides of the camera (194) of the main rod (150); a support seat (180) is provided at the top end of the inclined rod (170); a data acquisition bracket (190) is installed on the top wall of the support seat (180); the top end of the data acquisition bracket (190) is used to install a sensor (191); the support seat (180) is also provided with a third driving motor (192) for driving the sensor (191) to move through a connecting rod to adjust the height; a control box (193) is also provided on one side wall of the main rod (150); a controller and a power supply are provided in the control box (193).

4. A multifunctional field data collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each wheel (122) is equipped with an independent motor (610) for driving.

5. A field data collection and control method, characterized in that; A multifunctional field data collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented, which specifically comprises the following steps: Step S1, adjusting the angle between the two swing arms (121) by means of the adjusting mechanism (140) to increase the angle so as to reduce the height; Step S2, installing the material box through the mounting base (210) and the plug pin; Step S3, adjusting the angle between the two swing arms (121) by means of the adjusting mechanism (140) to reduce the angle so as to increase the height; Step S4, adjusting the height position of the sensor (191); Step S5: remotely control the field data collection through the control box (193).

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