Automatic processing equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheel

Abstract

The application provides a crankshaft eccentric wheel automatic machining equipment, which comprises a locating device, a clamping device and a clamping device; in the prior art based on crankshaft eccentric wheel machining, the clamping of the crankshaft is limited to the positioning and clamping of the crankshaft tail groove, and the effect of automatic feeding by a conventional mechanical hand is not ideal, so that manual clamping is required, and the automation of the crankshaft eccentric wheel machining is difficult to realize; the locating device, the clamping device and the clamping device are matched, and in particular, the flexible buffering structure of the flexible connecting mechanism can solve the problems of automatic positioning and clamping of the crankshaft eccentric wheel machining in the industry, and the purpose of stable and safe automatic machining of the crankshaft can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compressor crankshaft machining technology, and in particular to an automatic machining equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheels. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is a crucial component of the compressor. It bears the force transmitted from the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is then output through the crankshaft to drive other accessories. For example... Figure 1 A relatively conventional air conditioning compressor crankshaft (100) is shown. The crankshaft shaft (110) has an eccentric wheel (120) and the end of the shaft (110) is provided with a tail groove (130). Due to the complex structure of the crankshaft, the crankshaft is relatively complicated to process. How to achieve stable automated processing of the crankshaft has always been a difficult problem that the industry has been working on. The automated processing of the eccentric wheel on the crankshaft involves obtaining the crankshaft from the previous process, clamping and fixing the crankshaft and turning the eccentric wheel. When turning the eccentric wheel, the axis of the eccentric wheel should be coaxial with the lathe spindle. This makes the crankshaft shaft and the lathe spindle not coaxial, which makes it difficult to achieve automated clamping and positioning of the crankshaft. Therefore, there is currently no equipment on the market that can stably and automatically process the crankshaft eccentric wheel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes an automatic machining equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheels, the purpose of which is to achieve stable and automated machining of crankshaft eccentric wheels.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] An automatic machining equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheels includes:

[0006] Positioning device, clamping device, and holding device;

[0007] The positioning device includes a support base, a positioning mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and a pushing mechanism; the positioning mechanism includes a pressure roller for pressing the crankshaft onto the support base, the pressure roller being driven to rotate by a first driver, and the pressure roller being driven to move by a second driver to move closer to or further away from the support base; the positioning mechanism includes a first insert block located on one side of the support base for insertion into a tail groove at the end of the crankshaft; the pushing mechanism includes a pushing member disposed on the other side of the support base, the pushing member being driven by a third driver to push the crankshaft.

[0008] The clamping device includes a rotary seat and a clamping mechanism. The rotary seat has a hollow structure, and the clamping mechanism is disposed inside the rotary seat. The clamping mechanism has a clamping cavity for inserting the crankshaft. The clamping cavity has an expandable structure, and a second insert block for inserting the tail groove of the crankshaft end is provided inside the clamping cavity. The rotary seat and the eccentric wheel of the crankshaft inserted on the clamping mechanism are coaxially arranged.

[0009] The clamping device includes a clamping mechanism for clamping a crankshaft, a moving mechanism for driving the clamping mechanism to move in three dimensions, and a flexible connecting mechanism disposed between the clamping mechanism and the moving mechanism; the flexible connecting mechanism includes a first connecting block, a second connecting block slidably disposed on the first connecting block along a first direction, and a third connecting block slidably disposed on the second connecting block along a second direction; the first connecting block is provided with a first pneumatic buffer arranged along the first direction to push against the second connecting block, and the second connecting block is provided with a second pneumatic buffer arranged along the second direction to push against the third connecting block; the clamping mechanism and the moving mechanism are respectively connected to the first connecting block and the third connecting block;

[0010] Wherein, the second direction is the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the second direction.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes processing equipment;

[0012] The processing device includes a lathe, a spindle rotatably mounted on the lathe, a first motor for driving the spindle to rotate, and a clamping device mounted on the spindle.

[0013] The lathe is equipped with a turning mechanism, which includes a first linear drive module arranged along a second direction. The first linear drive module is equipped with a movable second linear drive module arranged along a direction perpendicular to the second direction. The second linear drive module is equipped with a movable tool mounting table, and the tool mounting table is equipped with a plurality of machining tools.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping device also includes a guide cylinder and a sliding cylinder;

[0015] The guide cylinder is coaxially fixed to one end of the rotary base, and a guide hole is provided on the guide cylinder along the radial direction.

[0016] The clamping mechanism is disposed inside the guide tube. The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping block and a second clamping block. The first clamping block is fixed inside the guide tube. A guide block is provided on the outside of the second clamping block. The guide block is slidably sleeved in the guide hole. At least a portion of the guide block protrudes from the guide hole.

[0017] The slide cylinder is coaxially arranged with the rotary seat, and the slide cylinder is slidably sleeved outside the guide cylinder. The slide cylinder is provided with an inclined guide surface inside, and the guide surface abuts against the guide block.

[0018] Furthermore, an annular flange mounting plate is provided on the outer side of one end of the guide cylinder, and the flange mounting plate is connected to the rotating seat;

[0019] One end of the slide cylinder is connected to a drive disc via a sliding guide rod. The sliding guide rod slides through the flange mounting disc. The drive disc is located inside the rotary seat and is threadedly connected to a drive rod.

[0020] The main shaft has a hollow structure. The turntable is located at one end of the main shaft, and a second motor is located at the other end of the main shaft. The drive rod is located inside the main shaft, and the second motor is connected to the drive rod in a transmission manner.

[0021] Furthermore, the lathe has a recessed chip collection cavity, the inner wall of which is inclined, and a chip discharge port is provided at the lowest point of the chip collection cavity;

[0022] The processing device also includes a chip conveyor, which includes a collection trough located below the chip discharge port and a conveyor belt inside the collection trough.

[0023] The processing device also includes a protective cover, the top of which has an opening for the clamping mechanism to enter.

[0024] Furthermore, the second connecting block is provided with a first push block, and the first pneumatic buffer is provided in two parts and is respectively arranged on both sides of the first push block;

[0025] The second connecting block is also provided with a stop block that blocks the movement direction of the third connecting block, and the third connecting block is provided with a second push block for the second pneumatic buffer to push.

[0026] Furthermore, the clamping device has an initial position in which the axial center of the clamping cavity is located directly below the axial center of the rotary table; the first direction is a horizontal direction.

[0027] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes an adjusting cylinder, one end of which is fixed to the third connecting block, and the other end of which is provided with an adjusting frame. The adjusting cylinder is provided with a telescopic adjusting rod, which is slidably mounted on the adjusting frame. A rotating block is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame via a hinge shaft. A clamping mounting frame is fixedly connected to the rotating block. An arc-shaped meshing part is provided on the outer side of the rotating block, which is formed by multiple teeth arranged circumferentially. A rack meshing part is provided on the adjusting rod, which is formed by multiple teeth arranged in a straight line. A wear-resistant pad layer is provided inside the adjusting frame and spaced between it and the adjusting rod. At least two pneumatic grippers are provided on the clamping mounting frame, which are distributed circumferentially around the hinge shaft.

[0028] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes a gantry support, a first moving seat, a second moving seat, and a lifting seat;

[0029] The gantry support is provided with a first guide rail and a first guide rack arranged along the second direction;

[0030] The first movable seat is mounted on the gantry bracket and slidably connected to the first guide rail. The first movable seat is equipped with a third motor and a fourth motor. The third motor is driven by a first drive gear, which meshes with the first guide rack. The first movable seat is equipped with a second guide rail arranged along a first direction.

[0031] The second movable seat is disposed on the first movable seat and slidably connected to the second guide rail. The second movable seat is provided with a second guide rack arranged along the first direction. The fourth motor is driven by a second drive gear, which meshes with the second guide rack. The second movable seat is provided with a fifth motor.

[0032] The lifting seat is provided with a third guide rail and a third guide rack arranged vertically. The lifting seat is set on the second movable seat, and the second movable seat is slidably connected to the third guide rail. The fifth motor is driven by a third drive gear, which meshes with the third guide rack.

[0033] Furthermore, the support base of the positioning device is provided with at least two pairs of guide wheels, which are arranged at intervals along a straight line. The outer circumferential surfaces of the two guide wheels in each pair face each other, and the guide wheels are rotatably mounted on the support base.

[0034] The positioning mechanism includes a first mounting base and a second mounting base. The first mounting base is disposed on one side of the support base. A swinging member is rotatably connected to the first mounting base. The first driver and the pressure roller are disposed on the swinging member. The second driver is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod. The second driver includes a cylinder body and a telescopic rod on the cylinder body. The cylinder body of the second driver is hinged to the second mounting base, and the rod of the second driver is hinged to the swinging member.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0036] 1. The crankshaft is clamped using a clamping device for subsequent turning of the eccentric wheel on the crankshaft; the clamping cavity of the clamping mechanism is inserted into the crankshaft, and this insertion action can be easily achieved by a mechanical structure, by reducing the size of the clamping cavity to clamp the crankshaft; at the same time, the clamping cavity has a second insert block that can be inserted into the tail groove at the end of the crankshaft, which allows the machine tool spindle to better transmit torque to the crankshaft, making the transmission between the machine tool spindle and the crankshaft stable;

[0037] 2. The crankshaft from the previous process is received by the positioning device. The positioning mechanism and positioning mechanism on the positioning device can adjust the rotation angle of the crankshaft and adjust the approximate position of the tail groove on the crankshaft so that it can be clamped and fed by the clamping device in the future.

[0038] 3. A clamping device is used to transfer the crankshaft between the positioning device and the clamping device. The clamping mechanism can hold the crankshaft, and the moving mechanism can drive the clamping mechanism to move in three dimensions to insert the crankshaft into the clamping cavity on the clamping mechanism. While maintaining the clamping device holding the crankshaft, the clamping device is driven to rotate, so that the position and angle of the second insert block are adjusted to insert into the tail groove of the crankshaft. Since the crankshaft shaft is located at the eccentric position of the clamping device, the clamping device will transmit torque to the clamping mechanism through the crankshaft. The flexible connection mechanism can prevent the torque from damaging the clamping device and can reduce the vibration and noise when the crankshaft tail groove and the second insert block are aligned. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioner compressor crankshaft;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic machining equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheels after the protective cover is hidden;

[0042] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping device;

[0043] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the moving mechanism;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the clamping mechanism and the flexible connection mechanism.

[0045] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the flexible connection mechanism;

[0046] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the clamping mechanism;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism;

[0048] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping device mounted on the processing device;

[0049] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device.

[0050] Figure 12 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the clamping device;

[0051] Figure 13 A front view of the crankshaft mounted on the clamping device;

[0052] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the cross section of AA;

[0053] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device.

[0054] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the positioning device;

[0055] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism.

[0056] In the diagram: 100, crankshaft; 110, shaft body; 120, eccentric wheel; 130, tail groove;

[0057] A0, Positioning device; A1, Support base; A11, Guide wheel; A2, Positioning mechanism; A21, Pressure roller; A22, First driver; A23, Second driver; A24, First mounting base; A25, Second mounting base; A26, Swinging component; A3, Positioning mechanism; A31, First insert block; A32, Fourth driver; A4, Pushing mechanism; A41, Pushing component; A42, Third driver;

[0058] B0, clamping device; B1, rotating seat; B2, clamping mechanism; B21, first clamping block; B22, second clamping block; B221, guide block; B23, clamping cavity; B3, second insert block; B4, guide cylinder; B41, flange mounting plate; B5, sliding cylinder; B51, guide ramp; B52, sliding guide rod; B53, drive plate;

[0059] C0, Clamping device; C1, Clamping mechanism; C11, Adjusting cylinder; C111, Adjusting rod; C112, Rack engagement part; C12, Adjusting frame; C121, Hinge shaft; C13, Rotating block; C131, Arc engagement part; C14, Clamping mounting frame; C15, Pneumatic gripper; C16, Wear-resistant pad; C2, Moving mechanism; C21, Gantry bracket; C211, First guide rail; C212, First guide rack; C22, First moving seat; C221, Third motor; C222 Fourth motor; C223, Second guide rail; C23, Second moving seat; C231, Second guide rack; C232, Fifth motor; C24, Lifting seat; C241, Third guide rail; C242, Third guide rack; C3, Flexible connecting mechanism; C31, First connecting block; C311, First pneumatic buffer; C32, Second connecting block; C321, Second pneumatic buffer; C322, First push block; C323, Stop block; C33, Third connecting block; C331, Second push block;

[0060] D0, Machining device; D1, Lathe; D11, Chip collection chamber; D2, Spindle; D3, First motor; D4, Second motor; D5, First linear drive module; D6, Second linear drive module; D7, Tool mounting table; D8, Chip conveyor;

[0061] X, the first direction; Y, the second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0064] refer to Figure 2-17 The present invention illustrates an automatic machining equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheels, including a positioning device A0, a clamping device B0, and a holding device C0.

[0065] The positioning device A0 includes a support base A1, a positioning mechanism A2, a positioning mechanism A3, and a pushing mechanism A4. The positioning mechanism A2 includes a pressure roller A21 for pressing the crankshaft 100 onto the support base A1. The pressure roller A21 is driven to rotate by a first driver A22 and is driven to move by a second driver A23 to move closer to or further away from the support base A1. The positioning mechanism A3 includes a first insert block located on one side of the support base A1 for inserting into the tail groove 130 at the end of the crankshaft 100. The pushing mechanism A4 includes a pushing member A41 disposed on the other side of the support base A1. The pushing member A41 is driven by a third driver A42 to push the crankshaft 100.

[0066] The clamping device B0 includes a rotary seat B1 and a clamping mechanism B2. The rotary seat B1 is a hollow structure, and the clamping mechanism B2 is disposed inside the rotary seat B1. The clamping mechanism B2 is provided with a clamping cavity B23 for inserting the crankshaft 100. The clamping cavity B23 is an expandable structure, and a second insert B3 for inserting the tail groove 130 at the end of the crankshaft 100 is provided inside the clamping cavity B23. The rotary seat B1 is coaxially arranged with the eccentric wheel 120 of the crankshaft 100 inserted on the clamping mechanism B2.

[0067] The clamping device C0 includes a clamping mechanism C1 for clamping the crankshaft 100, a moving mechanism C2 for driving the clamping mechanism C1 to move in three dimensions, and a flexible connecting mechanism C3 disposed between the clamping mechanism C1 and the moving mechanism C2. The flexible connecting mechanism C3 includes a first connecting block C31, a second connecting block C32 slidably disposed on the first connecting block C31 along a first direction X, and a third connecting block C33 slidably disposed on the second connecting block C32 along a second direction Y. The first connecting block C31 is provided with a first pneumatic buffer C311 arranged along the first direction X to push against the second connecting block C32, and the second connecting block C32 is provided with a second pneumatic buffer C321 arranged along the second direction Y to push against the third connecting block C33. The clamping mechanism C1 and the moving mechanism C2 are respectively connected to the first connecting block C31 and the third connecting block C33. The second direction Y is the axial direction of the crankshaft 100, and the first direction X is a direction perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0068] Specifically, in practical applications, refer to Figure 15 and Figure 16The crankshaft 100 is placed on the support of the positioning device A0. The crankshaft 100 is rotated by the pressure roller on the positioning device A0, causing it to rotate to a set angle. At this time, the first insert can be inserted into the tail groove 130 of the crankshaft 100, thereby completing the positioning and locating of the crankshaft 100. Then, the crankshaft 100 on the positioning device A0 is clamped by the clamping mechanism C1 of the clamping device C0, as shown in the reference. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Then, the moving mechanism C2 drives the clamping mechanism C1 to move, thereby moving the moving mechanism C2 and the clamped crankshaft 100 to the vicinity of the clamping device B0; wherein the rotary table B1 of the clamping device B0 rotates to a preset position after the crankshaft 100 is machined or before clamping the crankshaft 100, and this preset position is defined as the initial position. Through the axial angle adjustment of the crankshaft 100 in the positioning device A0, when the clamping mechanism C1 clamps the crankshaft 100 and moves to the vicinity of the clamping device B0, the crankshaft is at this time The crankshaft 100's shaft body 110 is coaxially aligned with the clamping cavity B23 in the initial position in the second direction Y, and the crankshaft 100's eccentric wheel 120 is coaxially aligned with the rotary seat B1 in the second direction Y. In this state, the moving mechanism C2 drives the clamping mechanism C1 to move along the second direction Y to insert the crankshaft 100's shaft body 110 into the clamping cavity B23. Due to factors such as errors and insufficient precision, the first insertion block on the positioning device A0 and the second insertion block B3 in the clamping cavity B23 may be difficult to align precisely, thus causing the crankshaft 100 to... After the shaft body 110 of 00 is inserted into the clamping cavity B23, the tail groove 130 and the second insert block B3 cannot be properly engaged. Therefore, the rotating seat B1 on the clamping device B0 needs to rotate, thereby rotating the angle of the second insert block B3 to achieve engagement with the tail groove 130. However, during the rotation of the rotating seat B1, the clamping cavity B23 is in an eccentric position, so the clamping cavity B23 swings. The first pneumatic buffer C311 on the flexible connecting mechanism C3 can play an elastic buffering role, enabling the clamping mechanism C1 to adapt to the clamping. The swinging motion of cavity B23 allows the tail groove 130 of crankshaft 100 to smoothly align with the second insert block B3. During the alignment process, the moving mechanism C2 keeps crankshaft 100 moving in the second direction Y, that is, crankshaft 100 maintains a certain feeding pressure. At the moment when tail groove 130 and second insert block B3 are aligned, crankshaft 100 will move a small distance in the second direction Y (i.e., its axial direction). The second pneumatic buffer C321 on the flexible connecting mechanism C3 can play an elastic buffering role, reducing the impact on clamping device C0.

[0069] It is worth emphasizing that in the existing technology for machining the eccentric wheel 120 of crankshaft 100, the clamping of crankshaft 100 is limited by the positioning and clamping of the tail groove 130 of crankshaft 100. The effect of conventional automatic feeding by robotic arms is not ideal, resulting in the need for manual clamping and making it difficult to automate the machining of the eccentric wheel 120 of crankshaft 100. However, the present invention, through the cooperation of the positioning device A0, the clamping device B0, and the holding device C0, especially the flexible buffer structure of the flexible connecting mechanism C3, can solve the industry's problem of automated positioning and clamping for the machining of the eccentric wheel 120 of crankshaft 100, and can achieve the goal of stable and safe automated machining of crankshaft 100. In addition, the automatic machining equipment for the eccentric wheel 120 of crankshaft 100 of the present invention can fill the gap in the automated production line of crankshaft 100. By using a robotic arm or other conveying mechanism, the crankshaft 100 from the previous process is transported to the support seat on the positioning device A0, thereby starting the automated machining of the eccentric wheel 120 of crankshaft 100.

[0070] The clamping device B0 is mounted on the spindle D2 of the lathe D1, and the rotary table B1 rotates coaxially with the spindle D2 of the lathe D1. The main problem to be solved by the present invention is the automated positioning and clamping of the tail groove 130 of the crankshaft 100. As for how to turn the eccentric wheel 120 on the crankshaft 100, the existing technology can be referred to.

[0071] In some embodiments, regarding the clamping device C0, please refer to Figure 4-9 Specifically:

[0072] like Figure 7 As shown, the second connecting block C32 is provided with a first push block C322, and two first pneumatic buffers C311 are provided and respectively arranged on both sides of the first push block C322; thus, regardless of whether the rotating shaft rotates counterclockwise or clockwise, the first pneumatic buffers C311 can play an elastic buffering role; at the same time, the initial position of the first push block C322 in the first direction X can be controlled by the two first pneumatic buffers C311, ensuring that the crankshaft 100 can be accurately inserted into the clamping cavity B23;

[0073] like Figure 7As shown, the second connecting block C32 is also provided with a stop block C323 that blocks the movement direction of the third connecting block C33, and the third connecting block C33 is provided with a second push block C331 for the second pneumatic damper C321 to push against. In the initial state, the second pneumatic damper C321 presses the second push block C331 against the stop block C323. When the crankshaft 100 is inserted into the clamping cavity B23 and the tail groove 130 is not aligned with the second insert block B3, the moving mechanism C2 drives the clamping mechanism C1 to move to a preset position. This preset position is the position of the crankshaft 100 in the second direction Y after the tail groove 130 of the crankshaft 100 aligns with the second insert block B3. The second insert block B3 is positioned relative to the crankshaft... Under the obstruction of the end of the shaft body 110 of 100, the second push block C331 resists the pushing force of the second pneumatic damper C321, and a gap appears between the second push block C331 and the stop block C323. At the same time, the second pneumatic damper C321 maintains the pushing force on the second push block C331. At the moment when the tail groove 130 of the crankshaft 100 aligns with the position of the second insert block B3, the second pneumatic damper C321 can push the crankshaft 100 to align with the second insert block B3.

[0074] In this embodiment, when the clamping device B0 is in its initial position, the axial center of the clamping cavity B23 is located directly below the axial center of the rotary seat B1; as Figure 13 As shown, the first direction X is horizontal. When the rotary seat B1 rotates, the swing of the clamping cavity B23 and the crankshaft 100 is mainly displacement in the first direction X. The first pneumatic buffer C311 can adapt to the flexible fit of the clamping mechanism C1 in the first direction X. The displacement in the vertical direction is small, so an elastic buffer structure is not required in the vertical direction. It should be noted that although it is difficult to achieve a perfect positional correspondence between the first insertion block on the positioning device A0 and the second insertion block B3 on the clamping device B0, they can achieve a rough positional correspondence. Therefore, when the clamping device B0 rotates, the rotation amplitude does not need to be too large. Thus, the clamping cavity B23 mainly moves in the tangential direction of its swinging motion.

[0075] In this embodiment, reference Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The clamping mechanism C1 includes an adjusting cylinder C11, one end of which is fixed to the third connecting block C33, and the other end of which is provided with an adjusting frame C12. The adjusting cylinder C11 has a telescopic adjusting rod C111, which is slidably mounted on the adjusting frame C12. A rotating block C13 is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame C12 via a hinge shaft C121. A clamping mounting frame C14 is fixedly connected to the rotating block C13. An arc-shaped meshing portion C131 is provided on the outer side of the rotating block C13, formed by multiple teeth arranged circumferentially. A rack and pinion meshing portion C112 is provided on the adjusting rod C111, formed by multiple teeth arranged in a straight line. Figure 8 , Figure 9 (The teeth are not shown in the rack meshing part C112); the clamping mounting frame C14 is provided with at least two pneumatic grippers C15, which are distributed circumferentially around the hinge shaft C121. Specifically, the adjusting cylinder C11 can drive the adjusting rod C111 to extend and retract, and the rack meshing part C112 on the adjusting rod C111 can drive the rotating block C13 to rotate around the hinge shaft C121 through the arc meshing part C131, thereby causing the clamping mounting frame C14 to rotate, and changing the position of the two pneumatic grippers C15. Therefore, in practical applications, one pneumatic gripper C15 of the clamping mechanism C1 clamps the crankshaft 100 to be processed on the positioning device A0. When the clamping mechanism C1 moves to the vicinity of the clamping device B0, the adjusting cylinder C11 drives the two pneumatic grippers C15 to change their positions, so that the other pneumatic gripper C15 removes the processed crankshaft 100 from the clamping device B0. The adjusting cylinder C11 then resets the positions of the two pneumatic grippers C15, so that the crankshaft 100 to be processed can be inserted into the clamping cavity B23 of the clamping device B0.

[0076] In addition, to prevent severe wear of the adjusting rod C111 when it slides within the adjusting bracket C12, refer to Figure 9 The adjusting frame C12 is provided with a wear-resistant pad C16 between itself and the adjusting rod C111. The wear-resistant pad C16 separates the adjusting rod C111 from the adjusting frame C12, avoiding severe wear between the adjusting rod C111 and the adjusting frame C12. This prevents the crankshaft 100 from being unable to be inserted into the clamping cavity B23 due to inaccurate positioning of the pneumatic gripper C15.

[0077] In addition, to achieve the movement of the clamping mechanism C1, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The moving mechanism C2 includes a gantry support C21, a first moving seat C22, a second moving seat C23, and a lifting seat C24. The gantry support C21 is provided with a first guide rail C211 and a first guide rack C212 arranged along the second direction Y. The first moving seat C22 is disposed on the gantry support C21 and slidably connected to the first guide rail C211. The first moving seat C22 is provided with a third motor C221 and a fourth motor C222. The third motor C221 is driven by a first drive gear (not shown), which meshes with the first guide rack C212. The first moving seat C22 is provided with a second guide rail C223 arranged along the first direction X. The second moving seat C23 is disposed on the first moving seat C22. The second movable seat C23 is slidably connected to the second guide rail C223. The second movable seat C23 is provided with a second guide rack C231 arranged along the first direction X. The fourth motor C222 is driven by a second drive gear (not shown), which meshes with the second guide rack C231. The second movable seat C23 is provided with a fifth motor C232. The lifting seat C24 is provided with a third guide rail C241 arranged vertically and a third guide rack C242. The lifting seat C24 is arranged on the second movable seat C23. The second movable seat C23 is slidably connected to the third guide rail C241. The fifth motor C232 is driven by a third drive gear (not shown), which meshes with the third guide rack C242. The third motor C221 drives the first drive gear to rotate forward or reverse, thereby enabling the first movable seat C22 to move in the second direction Y; the fourth motor C222 drives the second drive gear to rotate forward or reverse, thereby enabling the second movable seat C23 to move in the first direction X; and the fifth motor C232 drives the third drive gear to rotate forward or reverse, thereby enabling the lifting seat C24 to rise and fall in the vertical direction.

[0078] In some embodiments, regarding the clamping device C0, please refer to Figure 11-14 Specifically:

[0079] like Figure 12 and Figure 14The clamping device B0 further includes a guide cylinder B4 and a sliding cylinder B5; the guide cylinder B4 is coaxially fixed to one end of the rotary seat B1, and a guide hole is radially formed on the guide cylinder B4; the clamping mechanism B2 is disposed inside the guide cylinder B4, and the clamping mechanism B2 includes a first clamping block B21 and a second clamping block B22, the first clamping block B21 is fixed inside the guide cylinder B4, and a guide block B221 is provided on the outside of the second clamping block B22, the guide block B221 is slidably sleeved in the guide hole, and at least a portion of the guide block B221 protrudes from the guide hole; the sliding cylinder B5 is coaxially disposed with the rotary seat B1, and the sliding cylinder B5 is slidably sleeved outside the guide cylinder B4, and an inclined guide slope B51 is provided inside the sliding cylinder B5, the guide slope B51 abutting against the guide block B221.

[0080] Specifically, after the tail groove 130 of the crankshaft 100 is engaged with the second insert block B3, the slide cylinder B5 is driven to move along the second direction Y and toward the rotary seat B1. The guide slope B51 on the slide cylinder B5 can lift the guide block B221 upward, so that the second clamping block B22 moves upward toward the first clamping block B21, thereby clamping and fixing the crankshaft 100. The guide block B221 can be threadedly connected to the second clamping block B22, thereby adjusting the protrusion length of the guide block B221 on the second clamping block B22. Conversely, when it is necessary to release the crankshaft 100, the drive cylinder B5 is moved along the second direction Y and away from the rotary seat B1, the clamping force of the second clamping block B22 on the crankshaft 100 disappears, and the crankshaft 100 can be pulled out from the clamping cavity B23; wherein, a spring (not shown) can be provided between the second clamping block B22 and the first clamping block B21, the spring being able to push the second clamping block B22 away from the first clamping block B21.

[0081] Additionally, to facilitate driving the slide cylinder B5 to move along the second direction Y, refer to Figure 12 and Figure 14 The outer side of one end of the guide cylinder B4 is provided with an annular flange mounting plate B41, which is connected to the rotating seat B1; one end of the slide cylinder B5 is connected to a drive plate B53 through a sliding guide rod B52, which slides through the flange mounting plate B41, and the drive plate B53 is located inside the rotating seat B1. The drive plate B53 is threadedly connected to a drive rod; thus, by driving the drive rod (not shown) to rotate, the drive plate B53, the sliding guide rod B52 and the slide cylinder B5 can be moved along the axial direction (second direction Y) of the drive rod.

[0082] In some embodiments, a processing apparatus D0 is also included; for details regarding the processing apparatus D0, please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 10 Specifically:

[0083] The machining device D0 includes a lathe D1, a spindle D2 rotatably mounted on the lathe D1, and a first motor D3 for driving the spindle D2 to rotate. The clamping device B0 is mounted on the spindle D2. The spindle D2 is hollow. The turntable is located at one end of the spindle D2, and a second motor D4 is located at the other end of the spindle D2. The drive rod is located inside the spindle D2, and the second motor D4 is connected to the drive rod in a transmission manner.

[0084] Specifically, the second motor D4 can drive the drive rod to rotate, thereby moving the slide cylinder B5 and controlling the clamping mechanism B2 to clamp and release the crankshaft 100; while the first motor D3 can drive the main shaft D2 to rotate. When the main shaft D2 rotates, the second motor D4, the drive rod, and the clamping device B0 all rotate synchronously with the main shaft D2.

[0085] Among them, reference Figure 10 The lathe D1 is equipped with a turning mechanism, which includes a first linear drive module D5 arranged along a second direction Y. A movable second linear drive module D6 is mounted on the first linear drive module D5, arranged along a direction perpendicular to the second direction Y. A movable tool mounting table D7 is mounted on the second linear drive module D6, and several machining tools are mounted on the tool mounting table D7. The first linear drive module D5 and the second linear drive module D6 can employ a lead screw drive structure, and the tool arrangement can refer to existing technologies.

[0086] In addition, to facilitate the collection of metal shavings generated during turning, refer to Figure 10 The lathe D1 has a recessed chip collection cavity D11, the inner wall of which is inclined, and a chip discharge port is provided at the lowest point of the cavity. The machining device D0 also includes a chip conveyor D8, which includes a material collection trough (not shown) located below the chip discharge port, and a conveyor belt (not shown) is provided inside the trough. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The processing device D0 also includes a protective cover, the top of which has an opening for the clamping mechanism C1 to enter. The protective cover can effectively isolate the processing area, avoid the negative impact of the external environment on the processing, and prevent personnel from entering the processing area and being accidentally injured; the opening of the protective cover is located at the top, which facilitates the entry of the clamping mechanism C1 while preventing personnel from entering through the opening.

[0087] In some embodiments, regarding the positioning device A0, please refer to... Figure 15-17 Specifically:

[0088] In the operation of the positioning device A0, the crankshaft 100 is placed on the support A1, and the second driver A23 drives the pressure roller A21 to approach the support A1, so as to press the crankshaft 100 onto the support A1; and the first driver A22 drives the pressure roller A21 to rotate, and the pressure roller A21 drives the crankshaft 100 to rotate around its circumference through friction; during the circumferential rotation of the crankshaft 100, the pusher A41 in the pusher mechanism A4 continuously pushes the crankshaft 100 toward the first insert A31 on the positioning mechanism A3. When the tail groove at the end of the crankshaft 100 can correspond to the first insert A31, it means that the crankshaft 100 has rotated to a preset angle, completing the attitude adjustment of the circumferential angle of the crankshaft 100, and then the clamping device C0 removes the crankshaft. In this embodiment, after the crankshaft 100's attitude adjustment is completed, the clamping device C0 can grab the crankshaft 100 and first drive the crankshaft 100 to move a small distance along its axial direction, so that the tail groove of the crankshaft 100 is disengaged from the first insert block A31, and then the clamping device C0 takes out the crankshaft 100.

[0089] To ensure that the crankshaft 100 can rotate stably axially on the support A1, reference is made. Figure 15 and Figure 16 The support base A1 is provided with at least two pairs of guide wheels A11, which are arranged at intervals along a straight line. The outer circumferential surfaces of two guide wheels A11 in each pair face each other, and the guide wheels A11 are rotatably mounted on the support base A1. In this way, the crankshaft 100 can be supported between the two guide wheels A11, preventing the crankshaft 100 from moving horizontally along its radial direction. The crankshaft 100 is stably supported by the at least two pairs of guide wheels A11, preventing it from falling off the support base A1 due to instability. The pressure roller A21 and the guide wheels A11 are rubber wheels or rollers with a rubber layer on their surface. This prevents slippage between the pressure roller A21 and the crankshaft 100, and between the guide wheels A11 and the crankshaft 100.

[0090] In order to facilitate the pressing of the pressure roller A21 onto the crankshaft 100, reference is made. Figure 15 and Figure 16The positioning mechanism A2 includes a first mounting base A24 and a second mounting base A25. The first mounting base A24 is disposed on one side of the support base A1. A swing member A26 is rotatably connected to the first mounting base A24. The first driver A22 and the pressure roller A21 are disposed on the swing member A26. The second driver A23 is a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric push rod. The second driver A23 includes a cylinder body (not marked in the figure) and a telescopic rod body (not marked in the figure) on the cylinder body. The cylinder body of the second driver A23 is hinged to the second mounting base A25, and the rod body of the second driver A23 is hinged to the swing member A26. The first driver A22 is a motor.

[0091] Thus, when the rod on the second actuator A23 is in the retracted state, the swing member A26 moves away from the support A1, and the state is as follows: Figure 15 As shown, this facilitates the placement of the crankshaft 100 onto the support A1 by the robotic arm. After the crankshaft 100 is placed, the rod on the second driver A23 extends, causing the swing member A26 to swing. The pressure roller A21 on the swing member A26 presses against the crankshaft 100, and the state at this time is as follows. Figure 16 As shown, at this time, the pressure roller A21 is driven to rotate by the first driver A22, and the pressure roller A21 drives the crankshaft 100 to rotate on the support A1.

[0092] Among them, reference Figure 15 and Figure 17 The positioning mechanism A3 further includes a fourth driver A32 for driving the first insert block A31 to move axially along the crankshaft 100. Thus, after the crankshaft 100's attitude adjustment is completed and the clamping device C0 is used to remove it, the clamping device C0 does not need to first move the crankshaft 100 a short distance axially; instead, while the pushing mechanism A4 holds the crankshaft 100 against the positioning mechanism A3, the pressure roller A21 is removed. At this time, the circumferential angle of the crankshaft 100 is fixed by the first insert block A31, the robotic arm clamps the crankshaft 100, and then the third driver A42 and the fourth driver A32 are used to remove the pushing component A41 and the first insert block A31, allowing the clamping device C0 to remove the crankshaft 100. The third driver A42 and the fourth driver A32 can be cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, or electric push rods.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic machining equipment for crankshaft eccentric wheels, characterized in that, include: Positioning device, clamping device, and holding device; The positioning device includes a support base, a positioning mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and a pushing mechanism; the positioning mechanism includes a pressure roller for pressing the crankshaft onto the support base, the pressure roller being driven to rotate by a first driver, and the pressure roller being driven to move by a second driver to move closer to or further away from the support base; the positioning mechanism includes a first insert block located on one side of the support base for insertion into a tail groove at the end of the crankshaft; the pushing mechanism includes a pushing member disposed on the other side of the support base, the pushing member being driven by a third driver to push the crankshaft. The clamping device includes a rotary seat and a clamping mechanism. The rotary seat has a hollow structure, and the clamping mechanism is disposed inside the rotary seat. The clamping mechanism has a clamping cavity for inserting the crankshaft. The clamping cavity has an expandable structure, and a second insert block for inserting the tail groove of the crankshaft end is provided inside the clamping cavity. The rotary seat and the eccentric wheel of the crankshaft inserted on the clamping mechanism are coaxially arranged. The clamping device includes a clamping mechanism for clamping a crankshaft, a moving mechanism for driving the clamping mechanism to move in three dimensions, and a flexible connecting mechanism disposed between the clamping mechanism and the moving mechanism; the flexible connecting mechanism includes a first connecting block, a second connecting block slidably disposed on the first connecting block along a first direction, and a third connecting block slidably disposed on the second connecting block along a second direction; the first connecting block is provided with a first pneumatic buffer arranged along the first direction to push against the second connecting block, and the second connecting block is provided with a second pneumatic buffer arranged along the second direction to push against the third connecting block; the clamping mechanism and the moving mechanism are respectively connected to the first connecting block and the third connecting block; Wherein, the second direction is the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the second direction; The clamping mechanism includes an adjusting cylinder, one end of which is fixed to the third connecting block, and the other end of which is provided with an adjusting frame. The adjusting cylinder is provided with a telescopic adjusting rod, which is slidably mounted on the adjusting frame. A rotating block is rotatably connected to the adjusting frame via a hinge shaft. A clamping mounting frame is fixedly connected to the rotating block. An arc-shaped meshing part is provided on the outer side of the rotating block, which is formed by multiple teeth arranged circumferentially. A rack meshing part is provided on the adjusting rod, which is formed by multiple teeth arranged in a straight line. A wear-resistant pad layer is provided inside the adjusting frame and spaced between it and the adjusting rod. At least two pneumatic grippers are provided on the clamping mounting frame, which are distributed circumferentially around the hinge shaft.

2. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes processing equipment; The processing device includes a lathe, a spindle rotatably mounted on the lathe, a first motor for driving the spindle to rotate, and a clamping device mounted on the spindle. The lathe is equipped with a turning mechanism, which includes a first linear drive module arranged along a second direction. The first linear drive module is equipped with a movable second linear drive module arranged along a direction perpendicular to the second direction. The second linear drive module is equipped with a movable tool mounting table, and the tool mounting table is equipped with a plurality of machining tools.

3. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping device also includes a guide cylinder and a sliding cylinder; The guide cylinder is coaxially fixed to one end of the rotary base, and a guide hole is provided on the guide cylinder along the radial direction. The clamping mechanism is disposed inside the guide tube. The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping block and a second clamping block. The first clamping block is fixed inside the guide tube. A guide block is provided on the outside of the second clamping block. The guide block is slidably sleeved in the guide hole. At least a portion of the guide block protrudes from the guide hole. The slide cylinder is coaxially arranged with the rotary seat, and the slide cylinder is slidably sleeved outside the guide cylinder. The slide cylinder is provided with an inclined guide surface inside, and the guide surface abuts against the guide block.

4. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, An annular flange mounting plate is provided on the outer side of one end of the guide cylinder, and the flange mounting plate is connected to the rotating base; One end of the slide cylinder is connected to a drive disc via a sliding guide rod. The sliding guide rod slides through the flange mounting disc. The drive disc is located inside the rotary seat and is threadedly connected to a drive rod. The main shaft has a hollow structure. The rotary seat is located at one end of the main shaft, and a second motor is located at the other end of the main shaft. The drive rod is located inside the main shaft, and the second motor is connected to the drive rod in a transmission manner.

5. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lathe has a recessed chip collection cavity, the inner wall of the chip collection cavity is inclined, and a chip discharge port is opened at the lowest point of the chip collection cavity; The processing device also includes a chip conveyor, which includes a collection trough located below the chip discharge port and a conveyor belt inside the collection trough. The processing device also includes a protective cover, the top of which has an opening for the clamping mechanism to enter.

6. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second connecting block is provided with a first push block, and the first pneumatic buffer is provided in two parts and is respectively arranged on both sides of the first push block; The second connecting block is also provided with a stop block that blocks the movement direction of the third connecting block, and the third connecting block is provided with a second push block for the second pneumatic buffer to push.

7. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping device has an initial position in which the axial center of the clamping cavity is located directly below the axial center of the rotary table; the first direction is a horizontal direction.

8. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The moving mechanism includes a gantry support, a first moving seat, a second moving seat, and a lifting seat; The gantry support is provided with a first guide rail and a first guide rack arranged along the second direction; The first movable seat is mounted on the gantry bracket and slidably connected to the first guide rail. The first movable seat is equipped with a third motor and a fourth motor. The third motor is driven by a first drive gear, which meshes with the first guide rack. The first movable seat is equipped with a second guide rail arranged along a first direction. The second movable seat is disposed on the first movable seat and slidably connected to the second guide rail. The second movable seat is provided with a second guide rack arranged along the first direction. The fourth motor is driven by a second drive gear, which meshes with the second guide rack. The second movable seat is provided with a fifth motor. The lifting seat is provided with a third guide rail and a third guide rack arranged vertically. The lifting seat is set on the second movable seat, and the second movable seat is slidably connected to the third guide rail. The fifth motor is driven by a third drive gear, which meshes with the third guide rack.

9. The automatic crankshaft eccentric wheel processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning device has at least two pairs of guide wheels on its support base. The at least two pairs of guide wheels are arranged at intervals along a straight line. The outer circumferential surfaces of the two guide wheels in each pair face each other. The guide wheels are rotatably mounted on the support base. The positioning mechanism includes a first mounting base and a second mounting base. The first mounting base is disposed on one side of the support base. A swinging member is rotatably connected to the first mounting base. The first driver and the pressure roller are disposed on the swinging member. The second driver is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod. The second driver includes a cylinder body and a telescopic rod on the cylinder body. The cylinder body of the second driver is hinged to the second mounting base, and the rod of the second driver is hinged to the swinging member.

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