A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven. During coking, a coke oven door trolley is used to load a coal box containing a coal sample into the carbonization chamber, and the temperature of the oven door brick on the coke oven door trolley is the same as the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber. During coke quenching, a coke quenching oven door trolley is used to load a coal box containing coke into the dry coke quenching chamber, and the temperature of the oven door brick on the coke quenching oven door trolley is at room temperature. In the present invention, during coking, a coke oven door trolley with an isothermal oven door brick is used to load the coal box into the carbonization chamber, preventing too large a temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the coal sample at the initial stage of coking, making the coal sample evenly heated, and being more in line with the "layered coking" principle. During coke quenching, the coke quenching oven door trolley with a normal-temperature oven door brick is replaced to load the coal box containing high-temperature coke, which can effectively improve the cooling efficiency of dry coke quenching and reduce energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of experimental coke oven coking, in particular to an experimental coke oven coking and coke quenching process. Background Art

[0002] The test coke oven is a conventional equipment used by laboratories or coking enterprises to produce metallurgical coke for industrial trials. It is also an important equipment for guiding the coal blending of coking. The conventional process flow of coking in the test coke oven is: start → preheating the carbonization chamber → coal box into the furnace → coking → coking → end. The coal box is often loaded into the carbonization chamber by a furnace door trolley (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the body of the furnace door trolley is provided with furnace door bricks 3, and the coal box is placed on the furnace door bricks 3. During coking, the ideal coking process is "layered coking" (the material between the carbonization chamber wall and the symmetrical geometric center line is in various stages of the coking process, and is sequentially a coke layer, a semi-coke layer, a plastic layer, a dry coal layer, and a wet coal layer; the coking process in the carbonization chamber starts from the carbonization chamber wall and gradually moves toward the symmetrical geometric center line of the carbonization chamber, layer by layer, which is called "layered coking").

[0003] like Figure 2 As shown, the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber 2 of the experimental coke oven is generally above 800°C before the coal box 4 is added to the furnace. Once the coal box 4 is added, the large furnace door bricks 3 absorb a large amount of heat in a short period of time, resulting in a large temperature difference between the coal samples at the bottom and upper parts of the coal box 4 during the initial heating. It takes several hours of heat absorption for the coal cakes 5 to reach synchronous heating. This process seriously violates the basic principle of "layered coking" in the coking process, resulting in unstable and random layer structures during the coking process and poor local maturity of the coke. This problem has become a pressing issue in the coking process of the experimental coke oven.

[0004] In addition, a coking cycle of the test coke oven takes at least more than ten hours. When combined with dry quenching, the cycle can reach more than 20 hours. However, due to the frequent changes in coal types, the test volume of coking enterprises has increased significantly, and conventional coking processes have been difficult to meet the requirements. Simply adding test equipment will lead to a huge increase in investment and labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a coking and quenching process for an experimental coke oven. During coking, a coke oven door trolley with isothermal door bricks is used to load a coal box into a carbonization chamber, thereby preventing excessive temperature difference between the bottom and the top of a coal sample in the early stage of coking, thereby uniformly heating the coal sample and being more in line with the "layered coking" principle. During quenching, a coke oven door trolley with normal temperature door bricks is replaced to load a coal box containing high-temperature coke, thereby effectively improving the cooling efficiency of dry quenching and reducing energy consumption.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An experimental coke oven coking and quenching process includes a coking process and a quenching process; the coking process and the quenching process both use furnace door trolleys to load coal boxes, and the furnace door trolleys include a coking oven door trolley and a quenching oven door trolley, both of which are composed of a furnace door trolley and furnace door bricks arranged on the furnace door trolley body; during coking, the coking oven door trolley is used to load a coal box containing a coal sample into a carbonization chamber, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley is the same as the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber; during quenching, the quenching oven door trolley is used to load a coal box containing coke into a dry quenching chamber, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks on the quenching oven door trolley is room temperature.

[0008] Furthermore, when the experimental coke oven is conducting a continuous coking test, during the first coking process, when the carbonization chamber is preheated and heated, the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley are preheated and heated synchronously; when subsequent coking cycles are performed, the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley after the previous coking cycle are cooled to the same temperature as the coal sample entering the furnace, and then the coal box is reloaded into the carbonization chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling process of the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley is a natural cooling process, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks is detected in real time by a furnace door brick temperature detection device; when the temperature of the furnace door bricks drops to the coal sample entry temperature, insulation measures are taken or the coking oven door trolley is sent into the furnace and is isothermal with the carbonization chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, after the quenching is completed, the furnace door bricks on the quenching furnace door trolley are naturally cooled down, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks is detected in real time by the furnace door brick temperature detection device 2; when the temperature of the furnace door bricks drops to room temperature, it is used for the next quenching process.

[0011] Furthermore, the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber is 750-850°C, and the coke outlet temperature is above 1000°C.

[0012] Furthermore, inert cooling gas is used to quench coke in the dry quenching chamber, and the quenching end temperature is below 150°C.

[0013] Furthermore, at least one coke oven door trolley and at least one coke oven door trolley are provided.

[0014] When one coking oven door trolley and one coke quenching oven door trolley are provided, the two serve as backup for each other; when one of the oven door trolleys fails, the other oven door trolley completes the coking and quenching process according to the conventional process.

[0015] Furthermore, the furnace door bricks are composed of refractory bricks or refractory castable blocks, and are built in the body frame of the furnace door trolley.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The present invention adopts the method of putting the isothermal furnace door bricks into the furnace together with the coal sample. Compared with the conventional method of putting the normal-temperature furnace door bricks into the furnace together with the coal sample, it avoids the influence of the cold furnace door bricks on the heating process of the coal cake, completely eliminates the generation of furnace head coke and foamed coke, the maturity of the coke is uniform, the consistency is good, and the coking process is more in line with the principle of "stratified coking".

[0018] 2) When quenching the coke after coke pushing, normal-temperature furnace door bricks are used to replace the high-temperature furnace door bricks, and the high-temperature furnace door bricks are recycled after cooling down to the isothermal furnace door bricks, and the normal-temperature furnace door bricks are recycled after quenching the coke. The waste heat of the high-temperature furnace door bricks is fully utilized, the dry quenching time is saved (the quenching time is shortened by about 50% compared with the traditional method, and the total coking and quenching time of one furnace batch is shortened by nearly 10 hours during continuous operation), the amount of inert cooling gas used for quenching the coke is reduced, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved at the same time;

[0019] 3) The furnace door bricks are used in different scenarios, and the environmental temperature range during use is greatly reduced, effectively prolonging the service life of the furnace door bricks;

[0020] 4) When one of the furnace door trolleys fails and cannot be used, the other furnace door trolley can be repaired and replaced without affecting the operation of the test coke oven, that is, the two furnace door trolleys are used as spares for each other; in this state, one furnace door trolley is shared for coking and quenching the coke. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test coke oven using a furnace door trolley to load a coal box.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the coking state of the test coke oven when using the conventional process (the furnace door bricks on the furnace door trolley are at normal temperature).

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the coking state of the test coke oven when using the process of the present invention (the furnace door bricks on the furnace door trolley are isothermal with the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber).

[0024] Figure 4 is a flow chart of a coking and quenching process for a test coke oven according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Carbonization chamber wall 2. Carbonization chamber 3. Furnace door brick 4. Coal box 5. Coal cake 6. Symmetrical geometric center line Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The following further describes the detailed embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings:

[0027] As Figure 4As shown, the experimental coke oven coking and quenching process of the present invention includes a coking process and a quenching process; the coking process and the quenching process both use furnace door trolleys to load coal boxes, and the furnace door trolleys include coke oven door trolleys and quenching oven door trolleys, both of which are composed of furnace door trolleys and furnace door bricks arranged on the furnace door trolley body; Figure 3 As shown, during coking, a coke oven door trolley is used to load a coal box 4 containing a coal sample into the carbonization chamber 2, and the temperature of the oven door bricks 3 on the coke oven door trolley is the same as the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber 2; during quenching, a coke oven door trolley is used to load a coal box containing coke into the dry quenching chamber, and the temperature of the oven door bricks on the coke oven door trolley is room temperature.

[0028] Furthermore, when the experimental coke oven is conducting a continuous coking test, during the first coking process, when the carbonization chamber is preheated and heated, the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley are preheated and heated synchronously; when subsequent coking cycles are performed, the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley after the previous coking cycle are cooled to the same temperature as the coal sample entering the furnace, and then the coal box is reloaded into the carbonization chamber.

[0029] Furthermore, the cooling process of the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley is a natural cooling process, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks is detected in real time by a furnace door brick temperature detection device; when the temperature of the furnace door bricks drops to the coal sample entry temperature, insulation measures are taken or the coking oven door trolley is sent into the furnace and is isothermal with the carbonization chamber.

[0030] Furthermore, after the quenching is completed, the furnace door bricks on the quenching furnace door trolley are naturally cooled down, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks is detected in real time by the furnace door brick temperature detection device 2; when the temperature of the furnace door bricks drops to room temperature, it is used for the next quenching process.

[0031] Furthermore, the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber is 750-850°C, and the coke outlet temperature is above 1000°C.

[0032] Furthermore, inert cooling gas is used to quench coke in the dry quenching chamber, and the quenching end temperature is below 150°C.

[0033] Furthermore, at least one coke oven door trolley and at least one coke oven door trolley are provided.

[0034] When one coking oven door trolley and one coke quenching oven door trolley are provided, the two serve as backup for each other; when one of the oven door trolleys fails, the other oven door trolley completes the coking and quenching process according to the conventional process.

[0035] Furthermore, the furnace door bricks are composed of refractory bricks or refractory castable blocks, and are built in the body frame of the furnace door trolley.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the furnace door trolley of the present invention is a combination of furnace door bricks and a furnace door trolley carrying the furnace door bricks, that is, the furnace door bricks are placed on the body of the furnace door trolley.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the furnace door bricks on the furnace door trolley are not preheated when the coal box is put into the furnace, that is, the furnace door bricks are at room temperature (the furnace door bricks in this state are referred to as normal temperature furnace door bricks, and normal temperature is room temperature, which is much lower than the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber). Therefore, when the furnace door bricks and the coal box are put into the furnace, the heat absorption rate of the furnace door bricks is much higher than that of the coal sample, which will cause the temperature field in the carbonization chamber to be in a serious uneven state, and the upper and lower parts of the coal sample are heated unevenly, thereby deviating from the core "layered coking" principle of the coking process.

[0038] In order to make the coal sample evenly heated after entering the furnace, the present invention increases the furnace door brick entry temperature, and the furnace door brick entry temperature is the same as the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber (the furnace door bricks in this state are referred to as isothermal furnace door bricks). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when the coal box is loaded into the furnace using a furnace door trolley with isothermal furnace door bricks, the heating condition of the coal is greatly improved, and the heat from the carbonization chamber walls on both sides can be evenly transferred to the center, thereby achieving "layered coking".

[0039] In order to ensure that the temperature of the furnace door bricks entering the furnace is the same as the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber, the present invention adopts the following two methods:

[0040] 1. Place the furnace door trolley with room temperature furnace door bricks in the carbonization chamber and preheat it at the same time as the carbonization chamber. When the preheating temperature is reached, the furnace door trolley exits the carbonization chamber, and the coal box is loaded onto the furnace door trolley and then the coal box is put into the furnace.

[0041] 2. Use the waste heat from the previous coking furnace to preheat the room temperature furnace door bricks. This method can not only save preheating energy consumption, but also greatly extend the service life of the furnace door bricks. It is particularly suitable for continuous coking.

[0042] After the coal box is placed in the furnace, it typically takes more than 10 hours of coking to mature the coke before it can be tapped. During tapping, the furnace door bricks on the furnace door trolley are at a high temperature (typically around 1000°C, referred to as high-temperature furnace door bricks). According to traditional operating methods, the coke, along with the furnace door trolley, is conveyed into the dry quenching chamber, where it is quenched and cooled by inert cooling gas. During the quenching process, the coke and furnace door bricks slowly cool simultaneously, and quenching is complete when the temperature drops below 150°C. Finally, the coke-laden coal box is separated from the furnace door trolley, and the trolley is returned to the second coking operation. The quenching process typically takes nearly 10 hours.

[0043] When the isothermal furnace door bricks of the present invention enter the furnace with the coal box, if only one furnace door trolley is still used, a large amount of time and electric energy will be consumed for coke quenching, reheating of the furnace door bricks, cooling and heat preservation of the test coke oven. Therefore, the present invention uses two furnace door trolleys for replacement during coking and coke quenching; when coke quenching operation is carried out, the furnace door trolley with normal temperature furnace door bricks is used to replace the furnace door trolley with high temperature furnace door bricks just out of the furnace. The normal temperature furnace door bricks together with the coal box loaded with high temperature coke enter the dry coke quenching chamber. Due to the huge temperature difference between the normal temperature furnace door bricks and the high temperature coke, the heat of the high temperature coke can be quickly absorbed through the normal temperature furnace door bricks, reducing the temperature of the high temperature coke, and thus greatly shortening the dry coke quenching time.

[0044] The present invention monitors the temperature of the high temperature furnace door bricks on the replaced furnace door trolley (the real-time temperature is automatically obtained by a temperature sensor). When the temperature of the high temperature furnace door bricks approaches the charging temperature of the carbonization chamber after natural cooling, the charging operation of the second furnace can be carried out, realizing the full utilization of the waste heat of the high temperature furnace door bricks.

[0045] The above process is cycled for multiple furnace coking and coke quenching processes. At least two furnace door trolleys are used for replacement during coking and coke quenching (the charging temperature of the next coking operation can be automatically optimized by the control system according to the temperatures of the furnace door bricks on the two furnace door trolleys), which can not only ensure the coking quality but also greatly reduce the duration of a single coking and coke quenching operation.

[0046] The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0047]

Embodiment

[0048] In this embodiment, the furnace door bricks on the furnace door trolley are divided into three temperature states, namely normal temperature, isothermal temperature and high temperature. Among them, the normal temperature is the temperature at room temperature, the isothermal temperature refers to the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber at about 800 °C, which is the charging temperature of the coal box, and the high temperature refers to the coke discharging temperature, about 1000 °C.

[0049] In this embodiment, two furnace door trolleys are used, namely the coking furnace door trolley (furnace door trolley 1) and the coke quenching furnace door trolley (furnace door trolley 2).

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, before the coking furnace door trolley loads the coal box into the furnace, the coking furnace door trolley is pushed into the furnace empty and preheated together with the carbonization chamber to 800 °C; then the coking furnace door trolley is pushed out of the furnace, the coal box loaded with coal samples is placed on the coking furnace door trolley, and the coking furnace door trolley and the coal box are sent into the furnace together. At this time, the temperature of the furnace door bricks on the coking furnace door trolley is about 800 °C.

[0051] The test coke oven enters the coking process. After 12 hours, the coke oven door trolley carrying the coal box finishes coking, and the coal sample in the coal box becomes high-temperature coke. When discharging the coke, the temperature of the oven door brick on the coke oven door trolley reaches 1000°C.

[0052] After the high-temperature coke is discharged, it is sent to the dry quenching chamber for quenching. To improve the efficiency of dry quenching, the coke oven door trolley is replaced with a quenching oven door trolley in this process. The main purpose is to replace the high-temperature oven door brick with a normal-temperature oven door brick. The quenching oven door trolley loads the coal box containing high-temperature coke into the dry quenching chamber and quenches the coke with inert cooling gas.

[0053] The replaced coke oven door trolley is in an unloaded state and starts to cool down naturally. The temperature of the oven door brick on the coke oven door trolley is monitored in real time through the oven door brick temperature detection device 1. At this time, the carbonization chamber of the test coke oven is also in a natural cooling state. When the temperatures of both the carbonization chamber and the oven door brick on the coke oven door trolley drop to 800°C, the coking operation of the second batch can be carried out. According to the control system, the cooling rate of the oven door brick is predicted. If the cooling speed of the oven door brick is higher than that of the carbonization chamber, heat preservation measures are taken when the oven door brick cools down to 800°C, or the coke oven door trolley is sent into the carbonization chamber to be isothermal with the carbonization chamber.

[0054] During the dry quenching process, when the temperature of the coke drops below 150°C, the quenching ends. After unloading the coal box from the quenching oven door trolley, it is transferred for coke discharging. The quenching oven door trolley cools down naturally in an unloaded state, and the temperature of the oven door brick on the quenching oven door trolley is monitored in real time through the oven door brick temperature detection device 2. After the oven door brick cools down to room temperature, it can be replaced with the coke oven door trolley of the next batch.

[0055] When the coking operation of the second batch starts, the oven door brick on the coke oven door trolley is in an isothermal state with the carbonization chamber. At this time, after the coke oven door trolley loads the coal box into the oven, the oven door brick at the bottom of the coal box will not absorb a large amount of heat from the carbonization chamber, so that the coal cake is heated evenly, making the coking process of the test coke oven closer to the ideal state.

[0056] In this embodiment, the coke oven door trolley and the quenching oven door trolley are respectively used for two operations of coking and quenching. The oven door brick on the coke oven door trolley avoids the process of rapid cooling and heating, and its working temperature range is between 800 and 1000°C; while the oven door brick on the quenching oven door trolley can absorb a large amount of heat from the high-temperature coke, quickly reducing the temperature of the high-temperature coke. While reducing the consumption of inert cooling gas, the quenching time is significantly reduced. The working temperature of the oven door brick on the quenching oven door trolley is from normal temperature to heating up (not more than 400°C) to 150°C to normal temperature. The working temperature range of the oven door brick is small, which can effectively extend the service life of the oven door brick.

[0057] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven, including a coking process and a coke quenching process; characterized in that, The coking process and the coke quenching process both use furnace door trolleys to load coal boxes, and the furnace door trolleys include coking oven door trolleys and quenching oven door trolleys, both of which are composed of furnace door trolleys and furnace door bricks arranged on the furnace door trolley body; during coking, the coking oven door trolley is used to load the coal box containing the coal sample into the carbonization chamber, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley is the same as the preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber, so as to prevent excessive temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the coal sample in the initial stage of coking; during quenching, the quenching oven door trolley is used to load the coal box containing coke into the dry quenching chamber, and the temperature of the furnace door bricks on the quenching oven door trolley is room temperature, so as to reduce the amount of inert cooling gas used for quenching.

2. The coking and coke quenching process of a test coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the experimental coke oven is conducting a continuous coking test, during the first coking process, when the carbonization chamber is preheated and the temperature is increased, the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley are preheated and the temperature is increased synchronously; when the subsequent coking cycles are performed, the furnace door bricks on the coking oven door trolley after the previous coking cycle are cooled to the same temperature as the coal sample entering the furnace, and then the coal box is reloaded into the carbonization chamber.

3. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling process of the oven door bricks on the coke oven door trolley is a natural cooling process, and the temperature of the oven door bricks is detected in real time by a oven door brick temperature detection device. When the cooling rate of the oven door bricks on the coke oven door trolley is higher than the cooling rate of the carbonization chamber, insulation measures are taken when the oven door bricks are cooled to the coal sample entry temperature, or the coke oven door trolley is sent into the carbonization chamber to be cooled together with the carbonization chamber.

4. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, After quenching, the furnace door bricks on the quenching furnace door trolley will naturally cool down. The temperature of the furnace door bricks will be detected in real time by the furnace door brick temperature detection device 2. When the temperature of the furnace door bricks drops to room temperature, they will be used for the next quenching process.

5. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating temperature of the carbonization chamber is 750-850°C, and the coke outlet temperature is above 1000°C.

6. The coking and coke quenching process of a test coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inert cooling gas is used in the dry quenching chamber to quench coke, and the quenching end temperature is below 150°C.

7. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is at least one coke oven door trolley and at least one coke oven door trolley.

8. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven according to claim 7, characterized in that, When one coking oven door trolley and one coke quenching oven door trolley are provided, the two serve as backup for each other; when one of the oven door trolleys fails, the other oven door trolley completes the coking and quenching process according to the conventional process.

9. A coking and coke quenching process for a test coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace door bricks are composed of refractory bricks or refractory castable blocks and are built in the body frame of the furnace door trolley.

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