A saline-alkali soil film covering device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land construction, and provides a saline-alkali land soil film covering device and method, comprising a machine body and a film delivery structure arranged at the top of one end of the machine body; a mounting base, a lifting assembly is arranged at the middle position between the top of the mounting base and the top of the machine body; a soil delivery structure, the soil delivery structure is fixedly mounted at one end of the mounting base; a crushing assembly, the crushing assembly is arranged at the bottom of the middle position of the soil delivery structure; and a discharging assembly, the discharging assembly is arranged at the middle position at the bottom of the crushing assembly. In the present invention, a side compaction plate is used to compact the soil covered on the side of the ground film skin to form the side compaction performance of the ground film skin, so that the entire side compaction structure is relatively simple, and a recessed area is pressed out on the ridge that has been covered with film by a groove pressing block, so that the dry and crushed soil falls into the recessed area, forming the top compaction performance of the ground film skin, ensuring the stability of the top of the ground film, and avoiding the problem of bulging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land construction, and in particular relates to a saline-alkali land soil film covering device and method. Background Art

[0002] The "film-covered and straw-covered" salt control and yield increase technology used in saline-alkali land is a technology for efficient utilization of saline-alkali land agriculture that integrates measures such as surface covering, straw interlayer, deep plowing, deep loosening and straw return to the field, as well as effects such as salt control and inhibition, moisture conservation, yield increase and soil improvement. This technology refers to using special machinery to bury chopped straw to a depth of 30-40 cm underground in saline-alkali land to form a straw interlayer. The amount of straw used per mu is about 400 kg, and it is buried once every 2-3 years. After the surface is raked and leveled, the ground film is covered, and crops are planted on the film. At the same time, the saline-alkali land micro-domain salt desalination farming technology formed by integrating autumn irrigation and spring irrigation with salt pressure, planting salt-tolerant varieties, water and fertilizer optimization management, and application of soil conditioners is integrated. This technology is simple and easy to use. It can reduce the salt content of the cultivated soil during the critical growth period of crops, has outstanding salt control and salt inhibition effects, and obvious water storage and moisture conservation effects. At the same time, it can also improve soil structure, enhance soil fertility, and promote the reproduction of soil microorganisms.

[0003] After searching, the patent publication number CN116034792B is an intelligent film covering device for saline-alkali soil, including a film covering vehicle, a bucket, a soil feeding plate, and a fixed track. The left and right sides of the film covering vehicle are respectively fixedly connected to the rear side of the bucket, and a soil feeding plate is arranged at the lower part of the rear side of the bucket. The end of the soil feeding plate is fixedly connected to the frame of the film covering vehicle, and the upper part of the bucket is fixedly connected to the lower part of the fixed track. The motor at the rear side of the film covering vehicle is fixedly connected with a compacting assembly for compacting the covering soil, and the middle part of the compacting assembly is meshingly connected with a crushing assembly for crushing the collected soil, and the front end of the compacting assembly is fixedly connected with a soil collecting assembly for collecting soil. The present invention can make the soil collected into the bucket undergo a second deep crushing through the action of the crushing assembly, and the qualified crushed soil will fall to the side of the film for use. At this time, it is avoided that the soil has large lumps of soil that are not crushed and directly covered on the film, which is easy to leak air.

[0004] In combination with the above patents, it is found that the prior art has the following deficiencies: the existing saline-alkali land covering device is to cover the ground film roll on the ridge as it moves, and cover the soil on the side of the ground film through the plows on both sides, and then use a compaction structure to press and fix the covered soil, so as to avoid the ground film from bulging and creating gaps due to wind. However, the use of the prior art makes the entire compaction structure more complicated, and when the entire ground film is covered on the ridge, no compaction measures are taken on the top of the ground film. Only the side compaction treatment is not enough to ensure that the ground film is not affected by wind, and the top of the ground film is prone to bulging. Therefore, it is urgent to design a saline-alkali land soil covering device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a saline-alkali land soil film covering device and method, aiming to solve the problem that no compaction measures are taken on the top of the ground film, only the compaction treatment on the side is not enough to ensure that the ground film is not affected by wind, and the top of the ground film is prone to bulging.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows: a saline-alkali soil film covering device comprises a body and a film delivery structure arranged on the top of one end of the body;

[0007] An installation base frame, wherein a lifting assembly is provided between the top of the installation base frame and the top of the machine body;

[0008] A soil delivery structure, the soil delivery structure is fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting base;

[0009] A crushing assembly, the crushing assembly is arranged at the bottom of the middle position of the soil conveying structure;

[0010] A discharging assembly is arranged in the middle position of the bottom of the crushing assembly, and the discharging assembly includes a feeding pipe fixed in the middle position of the bottom of the crushing assembly, and a feeding frame is fixed at the bottom of the feeding pipe, a discharging port is opened in the middle position of the bottom of the feeding frame, and the inner walls on both sides of the feeding frame are designed to be inclined, and a grooving block is inserted into the inner wall of the discharging port, an L-shaped lifting plate is fixed on one side of the grooving block, and a cylinder for driving the L-shaped lifting plate to lift is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the crushing assembly, and side compacting plates are fixedly installed on both ends of the grooving block, guide holes are opened on the top of the side compacting plates, and guide frames passing through the guide holes are fixed on both ends of the top of the feeding frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder fixedly mounted on the top of the machine body, and a lifting frame is fixedly mounted on the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder, the bottom of the lifting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base, two guide grooves are provided on both sides of the machine body, and guide blocks inserted in the guide grooves are fixed on both sides of the lifting frame and both sides of the mounting base.

[0012] Furthermore, the film feeding structure includes a loading box fixedly installed at one end of the top of the machine body, and a film roll inner clamp is rotatably connected between one end of the loading box and one side of the machine body, and a clamp with adjustable tightness is provided between the other end of the loading box and the other side of the machine body, and a ground film roll is clamped between the clamp and the film roll inner clamp, and a film feeding plate is fixedly installed on the other end of the mounting base, and one end of the film feeding plate is designed to be inclined, and the top surface of the film feeding plate is smooth, and the top of the film feeding plate is rotatably connected to equidistantly distributed film pressing rollers, and the ground film skin on the ground film roll is laid between the top surface of the film feeding plate and the bottom of the film pressing roller, and an arc-shaped outlet is provided at the bottom of the loading box for the ground film skin of the ground film roll to pass through, and two side plates are fixed at the bottom of the film feeding plate, and equidistantly distributed leveling rollers are rotatably connected between the side plates.

[0013] Furthermore, side frames are fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the body, and wheel axles are rotatably connected at both ends of the side frames, a moving wheel is fixedly installed on one end of the wheel axle, and a transmission wheel is fixed on the outer wall of one of the wheel axles and one end of the inner clamp of the film roll, a transmission belt is transmission-connected between the two transmission wheels, a through opening for the transmission belt to pass through is opened on the side frame, and a traction frame is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the body.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil conveying structure includes two inclined conveying cylinders fixedly installed on one end of the mounting base, and a collection frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the two inclined conveying cylinders, the inner walls of the two inclined conveying cylinders are rotatably connected with inclined augers, and the bottom ends of the inclined augers are inserted into the interior of the collection frame, a straight conveying cylinder is fixedly installed between the tops of one side of the two inclined conveying cylinders, and the inner walls of the straight conveying cylinders are rotatably connected with a bidirectional augers, and a driving mechanism is arranged between the middle position of the bidirectional augers and the tops of the two inclined augers.

[0015] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a transmission shaft rotatably connected to the middle position of the top of the straight conveying cylinder, and a driving bevel gear is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission shaft, and a first transmission bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear is fixed to the outer wall of the bidirectional auger, sprockets are fixed to the top of the transmission shaft and the tops of the two inclined augers, and a chain is arranged in front of the sprockets for transmission, and a motor for driving the sprocket and chain to rotate is fixed to the top of the two inclined conveying cylinders.

[0016] Furthermore, an inclined plowshare is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the collecting frame, and a soil guide arc seat is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the plowshare.

[0017] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a drop pipe fixed on both sides of the bottom of the straight conveying cylinder, and a crushing barrel is fixed at the bottom of the drop pipe, a stirring shaft is rotatably connected between the top middle position of the crushing barrel and the bottom middle position of the straight conveying cylinder, and a second transmission bevel gear meshing with the first transmission bevel gear is fixed at the top of the stirring shaft, the outer wall of the stirring shaft extending into the crushing barrel is fixed with a stirring frame distributed in an annular shape with equal distances, and the outer wall of the stirring frame is fixed with multiple rows of crushing knives distributed in an annular shape with equal distances, a scraper plate attached to the bottom of the inner wall of the crushing barrel is fixed at the bottom end of the stirring shaft, an adjustable electric heater distributed in an annular shape with equal distances is fixed on the inner wall of the crushing barrel, a feed chute is opened in the middle position of the bottom of the crushing barrel, exhaust pipes are fixed on both sides of the top of the crushing barrel, the top of the feed pipe at the bottom of the feed chute is fixed, and the top of the cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the crushing barrel.

[0018] Furthermore, a scraper rubber plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of one side of the unloading frame, and the scraper rubber plate is designed to be in an arc shape. Scraper strips distributed at equal distances are fixed to the bottom of the arc surface of the scraper rubber plate, and the height positions of the bottom of the scraper rubber plate, the bottom of the leveling roller and the bottom of the grooving block are getting higher and higher.

[0019] A film covering method for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Use a clamp and a film roll inner clamp to clamp and fix the ground film roll in a loading box, lay the ground film skin of the ground film roll between the film delivery plate and the die roller through the arc outlet, and use the lifting assembly to adjust the height of the mounting base, the soil delivery structure, the film delivery plate and the leveling roller so that the leveling roller contacts the ground of the ridge and stretches the ground film skin to the ridge of the saline-alkali land;

[0021] S2, connecting the tractor to the tractor frame to drive the entire mulching device to move on the saline-alkali land ridges, covering the mulch skin on the saline-alkali land ridges, and using the plow shovel and the soil guide arc seat to cover most of the saline-alkali soil in the groove on both ends of the mulch skin, and guide a small part into the collection frame;

[0022] S3, using a driving mechanism and a soil feeding structure to drive a small portion of the soil in step S2 to fall into a crushing component, and drying and crushing this portion of the soil through a combined treatment of heating and crushing, so that the soil falls into a discharging component;

[0023] S4. Use a cylinder to adjust the height of the groove pressing block and the side compacting plate in a timely manner. Use the groove pressing block to press a recessed area on the covered ridge, and use the side compacting plate to compact the soil covered on the side of the film skin, so that the dried and crushed soil in step S3 falls into the vicinity of the recessed area. Cooperate with the scraper rubber plate to scrape this part of the soil into the recessed area, forming a double compaction structure of side compaction and top compaction.

[0024] After adopting the above structure, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] First, in the present invention, the loading box, the ground film roll, the clamp, the inner clamp of the film roll, the film feeding plate, the lifting assembly and the leveling roller are coordinated to enable the ground film roll to be disassembled, assembled and replaced in the loading box under the action of the clamp and the inner clamp of the film roll, and the lifting assembly is used to adjust the height of the mounting base, the film feeding plate and the leveling roller, so that the leveling roller contacts the ground of the ridge, and the leveling roller is driven to move on the ridge in coordination with the moving action of the tractor, so as to facilitate further leveling operation of the ridge and ensure the flatness of the ground film skin during subsequent film covering;

[0026] Second, in the present invention, through the cooperation of the driving mechanism, the soil delivery structure, the collecting frame, the plow shovel, the soil guide arc seat, the cylinder, the groove pressing block, the L-shaped lifting plate and the side compacting plate, most of the saline-alkali soil in the groove is covered on both ends of the ground film skin by the plow shovel and the soil guide arc seat, and a small part is introduced into the collecting frame. The cylinder is used to adjust the height of the groove pressing block and the side compacting plate regularly, and the side compacting plate is used to compact the soil covered on the side of the ground film skin, so as to form the side compacting performance of the ground film skin, so that the whole side compacting structure is relatively simple and easy to use;

[0027] Third, in the present invention, through the cooperation of the crushing component and the discharging component, the soil entering into the crushing barrel is dried by the adjustable electric heater, and the soil is dried and crushed in cooperation with the action of the stirring frame and the crushing knife, and a depression area is pressed out on the ridge that has been covered with film through the grooving block, so that the dry and crushed soil falls into the vicinity of the depression area, and this part of the soil is scraped into the depression area by the scraping rubber plate, forming the top compaction performance of the ground film skin, so that when the entire ground film is covered on the ridge, the top of the ground film is compacted to ensure the stability of the top of the ground film and avoid the problem of bulging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting assembly structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mounting base and driving mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the soil loosening structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0036] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plow blade and the soil guide arc seat of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the crushing barrel of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharging assembly of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.10 It is a front cross-sectional view of the blanking frame of the present invention.

[0040] Reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Machine body; 2. Lifting assembly; 201. Hydraulic cylinder; 202. Lifting frame; 203. Guide groove; 3. Mounting base; 4. Driving mechanism; 401. Motor; 402. Chain; 403. Sprocket; 5. Soil delivery structure; 501. Oblique conveying cylinder; 502. Oblique auger; 503. Straight conveying cylinder; 504. Bidirectional auger; 505. Transmission shaft; 506. Active bevel gear; 507. First transmission bevel gear; 6. Scraping rubber plate; 7. Collecting frame; 8. Plow shovel; 9. Crushing assembly; 901. Dropping pipe; 902. Crushing barrel; 903. Exhaust pipe; 904. Second transmission bevel gear; 905. Stirring shaft; 906. Agitation frame; 907, crushing knife; 908, adjustable electric heater; 909, scraper plate; 910, discharge chute; 10, moving wheel; 11, side frame; 12, film feeding plate; 13, transmission belt; 14, traction frame; 15, wheel axle; 16, leveling roller; 17, film pressing roller; 18, loading box; 19, ground film roll; 20, clamp; 21, film roll inner clamp; 22, soil guide arc seat; 23, side plate; 24, discharge assembly; 2401, discharge pipe; 2402, guide frame; 2403, discharge frame; 2404, side compaction plate; 2405, trough pressing block; 2406, L-shaped lifting plate; 2407, cylinder; 25, scraper bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] In order to effectively illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10

[0045] A saline-alkali soil film covering device comprises a body 1 and a film delivery structure arranged on the top of one end of the body 1;

[0046] A mounting base 3 is provided, and a lifting assembly 2 is provided in the middle position between the top of the mounting base 3 and the top of the machine body 1. The lifting assembly 2 includes a hydraulic cylinder 201 fixedly mounted on the top of the machine body 1, and a lifting frame 202 is fixedly mounted on the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 201. The bottom of the lifting frame 202 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base 3. Two guide grooves 203 are provided on both sides of the machine body 1, and guide blocks inserted in the guide grooves 203 are fixed on both sides of the lifting frame 202 and both sides of the mounting base 3. The height of the mounting base 3 is adjusted by the lifting assembly 2, so as to facilitate the contraction and release of the laminating device;

[0047] A soil conveying structure 5, which is fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting base 3. The soil conveying structure 5 includes two inclined conveying cylinders 501 fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting base 3, and a collecting frame 7 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the two inclined conveying cylinders 501, an inclined plow shovel 8 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the collecting frame 7, and a soil guide arc seat 22 is fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the plow shovel 8, the inner walls of the two inclined conveying cylinders 501 are rotatably connected with an inclined auger 502, and the bottom end of the inclined auger 502 is inserted into the inside of the collecting frame 7, a straight conveying cylinder 503 is fixedly mounted between the top of one side of the two inclined conveying cylinders 501, and a bidirectional auger 504 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the straight conveying cylinder 503, a driving mechanism 4 is arranged between the middle position of the bidirectional auger 504 and the top of the two inclined augers 502, the driving mechanism 4 includes a driving mechanism 4 rotatably connected to the middle position of the top of the straight conveying cylinder 503 A transmission shaft 505 is arranged, and a driving bevel gear 506 is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission shaft 505, a first transmission bevel gear 507 meshing with the driving bevel gear 506 is fixed to the outer wall of the bidirectional auger 504, a sprocket 403 is fixed to the top of the transmission shaft 505 and the tops of the two inclined augers 502, and a chain 402 is arranged in front of the sprocket 403 for transmission, and a motor 401 for driving the sprocket 403 and the chain 402 to rotate is fixed to the top of the two inclined conveying cylinders 501, and most of the saline-alkali soil in the groove is covered on both ends of the ground film skin through the plow 8 and the soil guide arc seat 22, and a small part is introduced into the collecting frame 7, and a small part of the soil is driven by the driving mechanism 4 and the soil feeding structure 5 to fall into the crushing component 9, and this part of the soil is dried and crushed by the coordinated treatment of heating and crushing, so that the dried and crushed soil can fall into the discharging component 24;

[0048] The crushing assembly 9 is arranged at the bottom of the middle position of the soil feeding structure 5. The crushing assembly 9 includes a drop pipe 901 fixed on both sides of the bottom of the straight conveying cylinder 503, and a crushing barrel 902 is fixed at the bottom of the drop pipe 901. A stirring shaft 905 is rotatably connected between the middle position of the top of the crushing barrel 902 and the middle position of the bottom of the straight conveying cylinder 503, and a second transmission bevel gear 904 meshing with the first transmission bevel gear 507 is fixed at the top of the stirring shaft 905. The stirring shaft 905 extends into the outer wall of the crushing barrel 902 and is fixed with equal distances. A stirring frame 906 is arranged in a ring shape, and the outer wall of the stirring frame 906 is fixed with multiple rows of equally spaced crushing knives 907, the bottom end of the stirring shaft 905 is fixed with a scraper plate 909 that fits on the bottom of the inner wall of the crushing barrel 902, the inner wall of the crushing barrel 902 is fixed with an adjustable electric heater 908 that is equally spaced and arranged in a ring shape, and a feeding chute 910 is opened in the middle of the bottom of the crushing barrel 902, and exhaust pipes 903 are fixed on both sides of the top of the crushing barrel 902, and the soil is dried and crushed by the crushing assembly 9, so that it is convenient to discharge;

[0049] The discharging component 24 is arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the crushing component 9. The discharging component 24 includes a feeding tube 2401 fixed at the middle position of the bottom of the crushing component 9, and a feeding frame 2403 is fixed at the bottom of the feeding tube 2401. A discharge port is opened at the middle position of the bottom of the discharge frame 2403, and the inner walls of both sides of the discharge frame 2403 are designed to be inclined. A groove pressing block 2405 is inserted into the inner wall of the discharge port, and an L-shaped lifting plate 2406 is fixed on one side of the groove pressing block 2405. A cylinder 2407 for driving the L-shaped lifting plate 2406 to rise and fall is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the crushing component 9, and both ends of the groove pressing block 2405 are fixedly installed. There are side compacting plates 2404, and guide holes are opened on the top of the side compacting plates 2404, and guide frames 2402 passing through the guide holes are fixed to both ends of the top of the discharge frame 2403. The top of the discharge pipe 2401 at the bottom of the discharge trough 910 is fixed, and the top of the cylinder 2407 is fixed to the bottom of the crushing barrel 902. The cylinder 2407 is used to adjust the height of the trough block 2405 and the side compacting plate 2404. On the one hand, it is convenient for the dried and crushed soil to fall on the ground film skin and to compact the top of the ground film skin. On the other hand, the side of the ground film skin can be compacted, and the top of the ground film skin can also be pressed out of the recessed area, so that the soil falls into the recessed area to form a compaction effect.

[0050] In the present invention, the film feeding structure includes a loading box 18 fixedly installed at one end of the top of the machine body 1, and a film roll inner clamp 21 is rotatably connected between one end of the loading box 18 and one side of the machine body 1, and an adjustable clamp 20 is arranged between the other end of the loading box 18 and the other side of the machine body 1, a ground film roll 19 is clamped between the clamp 20 and the film roll inner clamp 21, and a film feeding plate 12 is fixedly installed at the other end of the mounting base 3, and one end of the film feeding plate 12 is designed to be inclined, and the top surface of the film feeding plate 12 is smoothly designed, and the top of the film feeding plate 12 is rotatably connected with equidistantly distributed film pressing rollers 17, and the ground film skin on the ground film roll 19 is laid between the top surface of the film feeding plate 12 and the bottom of the film pressing roller 17, an arc-shaped outlet is opened at the bottom of the loading box 18 for the ground film skin of the ground film roll 19 to pass through, and two side plates 23 are fixed at the bottom of the film feeding plate 12, and equidistantly distributed leveling rollers 16 are rotatably connected between the side plates 23. The outer walls of both sides of the body 1 are fixedly installed with side frames 11, and both ends of the side frames 11 are rotatably connected with wheel axles 15, one end of the wheel axles 15 is fixedly installed with moving wheels 10, and the outer wall of one of the wheel axles 15 and one end of the film roll inner clamp 21 are fixed with a transmission wheel, and a transmission belt 13 is transmission-connected between the two transmission wheels, and a through hole for the transmission belt 13 to pass through is opened on the side frame 11, and a traction frame 14 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the body 1, so that the ground film roll 19 has the effect of disassembling, assembling and replacing in the loading box 18 under the action of the clamp 20 and the film roll inner clamp 21, and the lifting assembly 2 is used to adjust the height of the mounting base 3, the film feeding plate 12 and the leveling roller 16, so that the leveling roller 16 contacts with the ground of the ridge, and the moving action of the tractor drives the leveling roller 16 to move on the ridge, which is convenient for further leveling operation on the ridge, and ensures the flatness of the ground film skin during subsequent film covering.

[0051] In the present invention, a scraper rubber plate 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side of the unloading frame 2403, and the scraper rubber plate 6 is designed to be in an arc shape. Scraper strips 25 distributed at equal distances are fixed to the bottom of the arc surface of the scraper rubber plate 6, and the height positions of the bottom of the scraper rubber plate 6, the bottom of the leveling roller 16 and the bottom of the grooving block 2405 are getting higher and higher. Through the coordinated action of the scraper rubber plate 6 and the scraper strips 25, the soil that falls near the depressed area of ​​the ground film skin is scraped into the depressed area, forming top compaction performance.

[0052] A film covering method for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1, using the clamp 20 and the film roll inner clamp 21 to clamp and fix the ground film roll 19 in the loading box 18, laying the ground film skin of the ground film roll 19 between the film delivery plate 12 and the die roller 17 through the arc outlet, and using the lifting assembly 2 to adjust the height of the mounting base 3, the soil delivery structure 5, the film delivery plate 12 and the leveling roller 16, so that the leveling roller 16 is in contact with the ground of the ridge, and the ground film skin is stretched to the ridge of the saline-alkali land;

[0054] S2, the entire mulching device is driven to move on the saline-alkali land ridge by connecting the tractor to the traction frame 14, the mulching skin is covered on the saline-alkali land ridge, and most of the saline-alkali land soil in the groove is covered on both ends of the mulching skin by the plow 8 and the soil guide arc seat 22, and a small part is introduced into the collection frame 7;

[0055] S3, using the driving mechanism 4 and the soil feeding structure 5 to drive a small portion of the soil in step S2 to fall into the crushing component 9, and drying and crushing this portion of the soil through the combined treatment of heating and crushing, so that it falls into the discharging component 24;

[0056] S4. Use the cylinder 2407 to regularly adjust the height of the groove pressing block 2405 and the side compacting plate 2404. Use the groove pressing block 2405 to press a recessed area on the covered ridge, and use the side compacting plate 2404 to compact the soil covered on the side of the film skin, so that the dried and crushed soil in step S3 falls into the vicinity of the recessed area. Cooperate with the scraper rubber plate 6 to scrape this part of the soil into the recessed area, forming a double compaction structure of side compaction and top compaction.

[0057] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the user uses the clamp 20 and the film roll inner clamp 21 to clamp and fix the ground film roll 19 in the loading box 18, and lays the ground film skin of the ground film roll 19 between the film delivery plate 12 and the die roller 17 through the arc-shaped outlet, and uses the lifting component 2 to adjust the height of the mounting base 3, the soil delivery structure 5, the film delivery plate 12 and the leveling roller 16, so that the leveling roller 16 contacts the ground of the ridge and stretches the ground film skin to the ridge of the saline-alkali land. The user then connects the traction vehicle through the traction frame 14 to drive the entire film covering device to move on the ridge of the saline-alkali land, and uses the leveling roller 16 to further level the ridge, so that the ground film skin is covered on the ridge of the saline-alkali land, and the saline-alkali soil in the groove is largely leveled by the plow shovel 8 and the soil guide arc seat 22. Part of it is covered on both ends of the ground film, and a small part is introduced into the collecting frame 7. At this time, the user uses the driving mechanism 4 and the soil feeding structure 5 to drive a small part of the soil to fall into the crushing component 9, and this part of the soil is dried and crushed through the coordinated treatment of heating and crushing, so that it falls into the discharging component 24. The user uses the cylinder 2407 to adjust the height of the grooving block 2405 and the side compacting plate 2404 at a regular time, and uses the grooving block 2405 to press a recessed area on the ridge that has been covered with film, and uses the side compacting plate 2404 to compact the soil covered on the side of the ground film, so that the soil falls near the recessed area, and cooperates with the scraper rubber plate 6 to scrape this part of the soil into the recessed area, forming a double compaction structure of side compaction and top compaction.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali soil film covering device, characterized in that: It comprises a machine body (1) and a film delivery structure arranged on the top of one end of the machine body (1); A mounting base (3), wherein a lifting assembly (2) is provided at a middle position between the top of the mounting base (3) and the top of the machine body (1); A soil delivery structure (5), wherein the soil delivery structure (5) is fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting base (3); A crushing assembly (9), the crushing assembly (9) being arranged at the bottom of the middle position of the soil conveying structure (5); A discharge assembly (24), the discharge assembly (24) being arranged at the middle position of the bottom of the crushing assembly (9), the discharge assembly (24) comprising a discharge pipe (2401) fixed at the middle position of the bottom of the crushing assembly (9), and a discharge frame (2403) being fixed at the bottom of the discharge pipe (2401), a discharge port being provided at the middle position of the bottom of the discharge frame (2403), and inner walls on both sides of the discharge frame (2403) being designed to be inclined, and a groove pressing block (2403) being inserted into the inner wall of the discharge port 05), an L-shaped lifting plate (2406) is fixed on one side of the trough pressing block (2405), and a cylinder (2407) for driving the L-shaped lifting plate (2406) to move up and down is fixedly installed on one side of the bottom of the crushing assembly (9), and side compacting plates (2404) are fixedly installed at both ends of the trough pressing block (2405), and guide holes are opened on the top of the side compacting plates (2404), and guide frames (2402) passing through the guide holes are fixed on both ends of the top of the unloading frame (2403); The lifting assembly (2) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (201) fixedly mounted on the top of the machine body (1), and a lifting frame (202) is fixedly mounted on the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (201), the bottom of the lifting frame (202) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting base (3), two guide grooves (203) are provided on both sides of the machine body (1), and guide blocks inserted into the guide grooves (203) are fixed on both sides of the lifting frame (202) and both sides of the mounting base (3); The film delivery structure comprises a loading box (18) fixedly mounted on one end of the top of the machine body (1), and a film roll inner clamp (21) is rotatably connected between one end of the loading box (18) and one side of the machine body (1), and an adjustable tension clamp (20) is provided between the other end of the loading box (18) and the other side of the machine body (1), and a ground film roll (19) is clamped between the clamp (20) and the film roll inner clamp (21), and a film delivery plate (12) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the mounting base (3), and one end of the film delivery plate (12) is designed The film delivery plate (12) is in an inclined shape, and the top surface of the film delivery plate (12) is designed to be smooth. The top of the film delivery plate (12) is rotatably connected to film pressing rollers (17) that are evenly spaced, and the ground film skin on the ground film roll (19) is laid between the top surface of the film delivery plate (12) and the bottom of the film pressing roller (17). The bottom of the loading box (18) is provided with an arc-shaped outlet for the ground film skin of the ground film roll (19) to pass through. The bottom of the film delivery plate (12) is fixed with two side plates (23), and the side plates (23) are rotatably connected to leveling rollers (16) that are evenly spaced; Side frames (11) are fixedly mounted on the outer walls of both sides of the machine body (1), and wheel axles (15) are rotatably connected to both ends of the side frames (11), and a moving wheel (10) is fixedly mounted on one end of the wheel axle (15), and a transmission wheel is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one of the wheel axles (15) and one end of the film roll inner clamp (21), and a transmission belt (13) is transmission-connected between the two transmission wheels, and a through hole for the transmission belt (13) to pass through is opened on the side frame (11), and a traction frame (14) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one end of the machine body (1); The soil conveying structure (5) comprises two inclined conveying cylinders (501) fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting base (3), and a collecting frame (7) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the two inclined conveying cylinders (501), the inner walls of the two inclined conveying cylinders (501) are rotatably connected to inclined augers (502), and the bottom ends of the inclined augers (502) are inserted into the inside of the collecting frame (7), a straight conveying cylinder (503) is fixedly mounted between the tops of one side of the two inclined conveying cylinders (501), and the inner wall of the straight conveying cylinder (503) is rotatably connected to a bidirectional augers (504), and a driving mechanism (4) is arranged between the middle position of the bidirectional augers (504) and the tops of the two inclined augers (502); The bottom of the collecting frame (7) is fixedly mounted with an inclined plowshare (8), and one side of the top of the plowshare (8) is fixedly mounted with a soil guide arc seat (22); A scraper rubber plate (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side of the unloading frame (2403), and the scraper rubber plate (6) is designed to be in an arc shape. Scraper strips (25) distributed at equal distances are fixed at the bottom of the arc surface of the scraper rubber plate (6), and the height positions of the bottom of the scraper rubber plate (6), the bottom of the leveling roller (16) and the bottom of the grooving block (2405) are getting higher and higher.

2. The saline-alkali soil film covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a transmission shaft (505) rotatably connected to the middle position of the top of the straight conveying cylinder (503), and a driving bevel gear (506) is fixed to the bottom end of the transmission shaft (505), and a first transmission bevel gear (507) meshing with the driving bevel gear (506) is fixed to the outer wall of the bidirectional auger (504), a sprocket (403) is fixed to the top of the transmission shaft (505) and the tops of the two oblique augers (502), and a chain (402) is arranged in front of the sprocket (403), and a motor (401) for driving the sprocket (403) and the chain (402) to rotate is fixed to the top of the two oblique conveying cylinders (501).

3. The saline-alkali soil film covering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (9) comprises a drop tube (901) fixed on both sides of the bottom of the straight conveying cylinder (503), and a crushing barrel (902) is fixed at the bottom of the drop tube (901), a stirring shaft (905) is rotatably connected between the middle position of the top of the crushing barrel (902) and the middle position of the bottom of the straight conveying cylinder (503), and a second transmission bevel gear (904) meshing with the first transmission bevel gear (507) is fixed at the top of the stirring shaft (905), and stirring racks (906) distributed in an annular manner with equal distances are fixed on the outer wall of the stirring shaft (905) extending into the crushing barrel (902), and the outer wall of the stirring rack (906) is The wall is fixed with multiple rows of equally spaced crushing knives (907), the bottom end of the stirring shaft (905) is fixed with a scraper plate (909) that fits on the bottom of the inner wall of the crushing barrel (902), the inner wall of the crushing barrel (902) is fixed with an adjustable electric heater (908) that is equally spaced and distributed in a ring shape, and a feed chute (910) is opened in the middle of the bottom of the crushing barrel (902), exhaust pipes (903) are fixed on both sides of the top of the crushing barrel (902), the bottom of the feed chute (910) is fixed to the top of the feed pipe (2401), and the top of the cylinder (2407) is fixed to the bottom of the crushing barrel (902).

4. A method for covering saline-alkali soil with a film, using a saline-alkali soil covering device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Using a clamp (20) and a film roll inner clamp (21) to clamp and fix the ground film roll (19) in a loading box (18), laying the ground film skin of the ground film roll (19) between the film delivery plate (12) and the die roller (17) through an arc-shaped outlet, and using a lifting component (2) to adjust the height of the mounting base (3), the soil delivery structure (5), the film delivery plate (12) and the leveling roller (16), so that the leveling roller (16) contacts the ground of the ridge and stretches the ground film skin to the ridge of the saline-alkali land; S2, connecting the tractor to the tractor frame (14) to drive the entire film covering device to move on the saline-alkali land ridges, covering the saline-alkali land ridges with the film skin, and using the plow shovel (8) and the soil guide arc seat (22) to cover most of the saline-alkali land soil in the groove on both ends of the film skin, and guide a small part into the collection frame (7); S3, using the driving mechanism (4) and the soil feeding structure (5) to drive a small portion of the soil in step S2 to fall into the crushing component (9), and drying and crushing this portion of soil through a combined treatment of heating and crushing, so that the soil falls into the discharging component (24); S4, using the cylinder (2407) to adjust the height of the groove pressing block (2405) and the side compacting plate (2404) in a timely manner, using the groove pressing block (2405) to press out a concave area on the ridge that has been covered with film, and using the side compacting plate (2404) to compact the soil covered on the side of the film skin, so that the dried and crushed soil in step S3 falls into the vicinity of the concave area, and cooperates with the scraper rubber plate (6) to scrape this part of the soil into the concave area, forming a double compaction structure of side compaction and top compaction.

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