A device and method for assembling an inner and outer housing of an electric machine

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of vehicle electric drive assembly technology, specifically to a device and method for assembling the inner and outer housings of a motor, comprising a planar motion mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a controller, and a first positioning fixture and a second positioning fixture arranged sequentially from top to bottom; the first positioning fixture is used to position and clamp the rear end cover of the motor, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor; the second positioning fixture is used to support and position the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the outer housing of the motor; the first positioning fixture is provided with a first optical alignment device, and the second positioning fixture is provided with a second optical alignment device; the controller first uses the first and second optical alignment devices to control the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to complete the coaxial positioning of the outer housing of the motor and the inner housing of the motor; the controller then controls the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move linearly in the vertical direction, completing the assembly of the outer housing of the motor and the inner housing of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle electric drive assembly technology, specifically to a device and method for assembling the inner and outer housings of an electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] With the upgrading and iteration of vehicle electric drive assembly technology, the design of vehicle electric drive assemblies tends to be highly integrated. Currently, many vehicle electric drive assemblies typically adopt a design method that integrates the motor housing with the gearbox rear housing, integrates the motor inner housing with the rear end cover, and then assembles the motor inner housing into the motor housing, sealing it with front and rear sealing rings to form a water channel between the motor inner housing and the motor housing.

[0003] However, when assembling the electric drive assembly of a vehicle using the above design method, there are often deviations between the assembly datum and the design datum, small gaps between the inner and outer housings of the motor, and deep assembly depths between the inner and outer housings of the motor. This results in high requirements for the coaxiality of the inner and outer housings of the motor when assembling them.

[0004] For the reasons mentioned above, when using existing upper and lower assembly devices to assemble the inner and outer casings of the motor, the commissioning personnel need to manually adjust the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure their coaxiality. This indirectly ensures the coaxiality of the inner and outer casings. However, this method requires a high level of skill from the commissioning personnel and is greatly affected by human factors. Errors by the commissioning personnel can easily lead to substandard coaxiality between the inner and outer casings, resulting in impacts or compression between them during assembly, causing damage or deformation to both the inner and outer casings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a device and method for assembling the inner and outer housings of a motor. It addresses the problem that when using existing assembly devices to assemble the inner and outer housings of a motor, the operator must manually adjust the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure their coaxiality. This indirectly ensures the coaxiality of the inner and outer housings. However, this method requires a high level of operator skill and is highly susceptible to human error, which can easily lead to substandard coaxiality between the inner and outer housings. This can result in impacts or compression between the inner and outer housings during assembly, causing damage or deformation.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a device for assembling the inner and outer housings of an electric motor, comprising a planar motion mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a controller, and a first positioning fixture and a second positioning fixture arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0007] The first positioning fixture is used to position the rear end cover of the motor and clamp and fix the positioned rear end cover; thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover.

[0008] The second positioning fixture is used to support and position the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor housing located on the rear side of the rear housing of the gearbox;

[0009] The first positioning fixture is provided with a first optical alignment device, and the second positioning fixture is provided with a second optical alignment device.

[0010] The pressing mechanism is fixedly mounted on the planar motion mechanism, and the first positioning fixture is fixedly mounted on the output end of the pressing mechanism. The planar motion mechanism is used to drive the pressing mechanism and the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane, and the pressing mechanism is used to drive the first positioning fixture to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction. The first optical alignment device, the second optical alignment device, the pressing mechanism, and the planar motion mechanism are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] The controller uses the first optical alignment device and the second optical alignment device to obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell, and controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell; the controller is also used to control the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move linearly in the vertical direction towards the second positioning fixture, so as to complete the assembly of the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell.

[0012] By setting the first optical alignment device on the first positioning fixture and setting the second optical alignment device on the first positioning fixture, the controller can obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell using the first and second optical alignment devices, and control the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell. This allows the assembly device for assembling the motor inner and outer shells provided by the present invention to eliminate the need for manual adjustment of the first and second positioning fixtures by a dial indicator to ensure the first... The coaxiality between the positioning fixture and the second positioning fixture solves the problem that when using existing upper and lower assembly devices to assemble the inner and outer casings of the motor, the commissioning personnel need to manually adjust the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure the coaxiality between them, thereby indirectly ensuring the coaxiality of the inner and outer casings. However, this method requires a high level of skill from the commissioning personnel and is greatly affected by human factors. It is easy for the coaxiality between the inner and outer casings to fail due to the commissioning personnel's mistakes, which may lead to impacts or compression between the inner and outer casings during the assembly process, causing damage or deformation to the inner and outer casings.

[0013] Furthermore, the first positioning fixture includes a horizontally arranged first positioning plate, a clamping mechanism mounted on the first positioning plate, and a first positioning shaft fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate.

[0014] The first positioning shaft is used to cooperate with the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover of the motor to position the rear end cover, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover; the clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the rear end cover after it has been positioned.

[0015] The second positioning fixture includes a horizontally arranged second positioning plate and a second positioning shaft fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate; the upper surface of the second positioning plate is used to fit against the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox to support the rear housing of the gearbox; the second positioning shaft is used to cooperate with the second central shaft hole on the rear housing of the gearbox to position the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor housing body located on the rear side of the rear housing of the gearbox.

[0016] The first optical alignment device is disposed on the lower end face of the first positioning shaft, and the second optical alignment device is disposed on the upper end face of the second positioning shaft; the planar motion mechanism is used to drive the first positioning plate to move in the horizontal plane, and the pressing mechanism is used to drive the first positioning plate to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the second optical alignment device is used to project a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning axis onto the first optical alignment device;

[0018] The first optical alignment device is provided with a photosensitive area, which is circular and coaxial with the first positioning axis. The radius of the photosensitive area is equal to the projection radius of the cylindrical laser.

[0019] The first optical alignment device transmits the received sensing information to the controller; the controller obtains the relative position information based on the sensing information.

[0020] While existing assembly devices allow technicians to manually check the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure coaxiality between the two fixtures and indirectly guarantee the coaxiality of the motor inner and outer housings, individual dimensional tolerances between different components can affect the coaxial positioning of the motor inner and outer housings. This can cause axial misalignment in both the inner and outer housings when mounted on the assembly device. Consequently, even with satisfactory coaxiality between the upper and lower assembly fixtures, the existing assembly device may still result in substandard coaxiality between the motor inner and outer housings, leading to a lower assembly pass rate.

[0021] The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention positions the rear end cover by engaging the first positioning shaft with the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover of the motor, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover; and positions the rear housing of the gearbox by engaging the second positioning shaft with the second central shaft hole on the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the outer housing of the motor located on the rear side of the rear housing of the gearbox; the first optical alignment device is then positioned on the lower end face of the first positioning shaft, and the second optical alignment device is positioned on the upper end face of the second positioning shaft; and the second optical alignment device projects a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning shaft onto the first optical alignment device. The light-sensing area is coaxially arranged with the first positioning shaft; thus, the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention actually completes the coaxial positioning between the first positioning shaft and the second positioning shaft, thereby completing the coaxial positioning between the first central shaft hole and the second central shaft hole, and further completing the coaxial positioning between the outer housing of the motor and the inner housing of the motor. Therefore, the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention can directly ensure the coaxiality of the assembly of the inner housing of the motor and the outer housing of the motor by completing the coaxial positioning between the outer housing of the motor and the inner housing of the motor, eliminating the influence of individual differences caused by dimensional tolerances between different assembly parts on the coaxial positioning between the outer housing of the motor and the inner housing of the motor, and improving the assembly qualification rate.

[0022] Furthermore, a first positioning pin is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate, and the first positioning pin is used to cooperate with the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover.

[0023] By inserting the first positioning shaft into the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover and simultaneously inserting the first positioning pin into the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover, the circumferential positioning of the rear end cover can be completed, thereby completing the circumferential positioning of the motor inner housing located on the front side of the rear end cover, preventing the motor inner housing from shifting circumferentially during the process of positioning the rear end cover on the first positioning shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, a positioning block is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate, and an annular protrusion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first positioning pin.

[0025] The annular protrusion is used to fit against the first positioning surface outside the opening of the first process hole;

[0026] The positioning block is used to fit against the second positioning surface on the rear side of the rear end cover;

[0027] The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the rear end cover, press the first positioning surface onto the annular protrusion, and press the second positioning surface onto the positioning block;

[0028] The first positioning pin and the positioning block are respectively disposed on both sides of the first positioning shaft.

[0029] By setting the positioning block and providing the annular protrusion on the outer circumferential surface of the first positioning pin, the clamping mechanism, when clamping the rear end cover, also presses the first positioning surface against the annular protrusion and the second positioning surface against the positioning block; this improves the stability of the clamping mechanism in clamping the rear end cover, and during the assembly of the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell, the motor inner shell is less prone to axial deviation.

[0030] Furthermore, a second positioning pin is fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate, and the second positioning pin is used to cooperate with the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox.

[0031] By inserting the second positioning shaft into the second central shaft hole on the rear housing of the gearbox, and simultaneously inserting the second positioning pin into the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox, the circumferential positioning of the rear housing of the gearbox can be completed, thereby completing the circumferential positioning of the motor housing located on the rear side of the rear housing of the gearbox, preventing the motor housing from shifting circumferentially during the process of positioning the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning shaft.

[0032] Based on the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of a motor provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides an assembly method for the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of a motor, the assembly method comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Position and clamp the rear end cover onto the first positioning fixture; and position the rear housing of the gearbox onto the second positioning fixture to complete the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor and the axial positioning of the outer housing of the motor.

[0034] Step 2: The controller uses the first optical alignment device and the second optical alignment device to obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell, and controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell.

[0035] Step 3: The controller controls the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move linearly in the vertical direction toward the second positioning fixture, thereby completing the assembly of the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell.

[0036] Furthermore, step 2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0037] S201: The controller establishes the XOY coordinate system of the light-sensing area using the center point of the light-sensing area on the first optical alignment device as the origin.

[0038] S202: The controller controls the second optical alignment device to project a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning axis onto the first optical alignment device, and the first optical alignment device transmits the received sensing information to the controller.

[0039] S203: The controller inputs the sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis of the second positioning fixture, and uses the coordinate value as the relative position information;

[0040] S204: The controller controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane according to the relative position information, thereby completing the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell.

[0041] Wherein, the X-axis coordinate of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis corresponds to the position of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis in the first horizontal direction; the Y-axis coordinate of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis corresponds to the position of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis in the second horizontal direction; the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other; by obtaining the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis, that is, by obtaining the first deviation distance between the center point of the light sensing area (that is, the center point of the lower end face of the first positioning axis) and the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis in the first horizontal direction, and the second deviation distance in the second horizontal direction; the controller can then control the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning plate to move in the first horizontal direction according to the first deviation distance, and control the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning plate to move in the second horizontal direction according to the second deviation distance, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor housing and the motor inner housing.

[0042] Furthermore, in sub-step S203, the method by which the controller inputs the sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis includes:

[0043] The controller inputs the sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser on the edge of the photosensitive area;

[0044] The controller obtains the coordinates of the center point of the upper surface of the second positioning axis based on the coordinates of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser on the edge of the first photosensitive area.

[0045] Furthermore, in step 1, the method of positioning and clamping the rear end cover onto the first positioning fixture includes: inserting the first positioning shaft of the first positioning fixture into the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover, while simultaneously inserting the first positioning pin on the lower side of the first positioning plate of the first positioning fixture into the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover; and making the annular protrusion on the outer circumferential surface of the first positioning pin fit against the first positioning surface outside the opening of the first process hole, and the positioning block on the lower side of the first positioning plate fit against the second positioning surface on the rear side of the rear end cover, thereby completing the positioning of the rear end cover on the first positioning fixture.

[0046] The rear end cover is then clamped by the clamping mechanism of the first positioning fixture, and the first positioning surface is pressed against the annular protrusion; the second positioning surface is pressed against the positioning block, thus completing the clamping and fixing of the rear end cover on the first positioning fixture.

[0047] The method for positioning the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning fixture includes: placing the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning plate of the second positioning fixture, so that the upper surface of the second positioning plate is in contact with the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox; and inserting the second positioning shaft of the second positioning fixture into the second central shaft hole on the rear housing of the gearbox, and inserting the second positioning pin of the second positioning fixture into the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the positioning of the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning fixture. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the rear end cover and inner housing of the motor in Example 1;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of the gearbox rear housing and the motor housing in Example 1;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor in Example 1;

[0051] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle;

[0052] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first positioning fixture, the rear end cover, and the inner housing of the motor in Example 1;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the second positioning fixture, the rear housing of the gearbox, and the outer housing of the motor in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the XOY coordinates of the cylindrical laser projected onto the photosensitive area in Example 2;

[0056] Among them, 1—first positioning fixture, 2—second positioning fixture, 3—rear end cover, 4—motor inner housing, 5—rear housing of gearbox, 6—motor outer housing;

[0057] 11—First positioning plate; 12—First positioning shaft; 13—First positioning pin; 14—Positioning block;

[0058] 131—Annular protrusion;

[0059] 21—Second positioning plate, 22—Second positioning shaft, 23—Second positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment 1, the vehicle electric drive assembly adopts a design that integrates the motor housing 6 with the gearbox rear housing 5, integrates the motor inner housing 4 with the motor rear end cover 3, and then assembles the motor inner housing 4 into the motor housing 6.

[0062] The inner housing 4 of the motor is integrally formed on the front side of the rear end cover 3; the outer housing 6 of the motor is integrally formed on the rear side of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment 1 provides a device for assembling the inner and outer housings of a motor, including a planar motion mechanism (not shown in the figure), a pressing mechanism (not shown in the figure), a controller (not shown in the figure), and a first positioning fixture 1 and a second positioning fixture 2 arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0064] The first positioning fixture 1 is used to position the rear end cover 3 of the motor and clamp and fix the positioned rear end cover 3; thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor inner housing 4 located on the front side of the rear end cover 3.

[0065] The second positioning fixture 2 is used to support and position the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor housing 6 located on the rear side of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox.

[0066] The first positioning fixture 1 is equipped with a first optical alignment device (not shown in the figure), and the second positioning fixture 2 is equipped with a second optical alignment device (not shown in the figure).

[0067] The pressing mechanism is fixedly mounted on the planar motion mechanism, and the first positioning fixture 1 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the pressing mechanism. The planar motion mechanism is used to drive the pressing mechanism and the first positioning fixture 1 to move in the horizontal plane, and the pressing mechanism is used to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction. The first optical alignment device, the second optical alignment device, the pressing mechanism and the planar motion mechanism are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0068] The controller uses the first optical alignment device and the second optical alignment device to obtain the relative position information between the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4, and controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4; the controller is also used to control the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move in a straight line along the vertical direction to the second positioning fixture 2, so as to complete the assembly of the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4.

[0069] By setting a first optical alignment device on the first positioning fixture 1 and a second optical alignment device on the second positioning fixture 2, the controller can obtain the relative position information between the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4 using the first and second optical alignment devices. Based on the relative position information, the controller controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move in the horizontal plane to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4. This allows the assembly device for assembling the motor inner and outer housings provided by the present invention to eliminate the need for manual adjustment of the first positioning fixture 1 and the second positioning fixture 2 by a dial indicator to ensure the alignment of the first positioning fixture 1 and the second positioning fixture 2 when assembling the motor inner housing 4 and the motor housing 6. This method addresses the issue of coaxiality. It solves the problem that when using existing upper and lower assembly devices to assemble the inner and outer casings of a motor, the commissioning personnel need to manually adjust the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure coaxiality. This indirectly ensures the coaxiality of the inner and outer casings. However, this method requires a high level of skill from the commissioning personnel and is highly susceptible to human error. Errors by the commissioning personnel can easily lead to substandard coaxiality between the inner and outer casings, resulting in impacts or compression during assembly, causing damage or deformation to both.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first positioning fixture 1 includes a horizontally arranged first positioning plate 11, a clamping mechanism mounted on the first positioning plate 11, and a first positioning shaft 12 fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate 11.

[0071] The first positioning shaft 12 is used to cooperate with the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover 3 of the motor to position the rear end cover 3, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing 4 of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover 3; the clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the rear end cover 3 after positioning.

[0072] The second positioning fixture 2 includes a horizontally arranged second positioning plate 21 and a second positioning shaft 22 fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate 21; the upper surface of the second positioning plate 21 is used to fit against the front end face of the gearbox rear housing 5 to support the gearbox rear housing 5; the second positioning shaft 22 is used to cooperate with the second central shaft hole on the gearbox rear housing 5 to position the gearbox rear housing 5, thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor housing 6 located on the rear side of the gearbox rear housing 5.

[0073] The first optical alignment device is disposed on the lower end face of the first positioning shaft 12, and the second optical alignment device is disposed on the upper end face of the second positioning shaft 22; the planar motion mechanism is used to drive the first positioning plate 11 to move in the horizontal plane, and the pressing mechanism is used to drive the first positioning plate 11 to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction.

[0074] Specifically, in this embodiment 1, the second optical alignment device is used to project a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning axis 22 onto the first optical alignment device;

[0075] The first optical alignment device is provided with a light-sensing area, which is circular and coaxial with the first positioning axis 12. The radius of the light-sensing area is equal to the projection radius of the cylindrical laser.

[0076] The first optical alignment device transmits the received sensing information to the controller; the controller obtains the relative position information based on the sensing information.

[0077] While existing assembly devices allow technicians to manually check the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure coaxiality between the two fixtures and indirectly guarantee the coaxiality of the motor inner and outer housings, individual dimensional tolerances between different components can affect the coaxial positioning of the motor inner and outer housings. This can cause axial misalignment in both the inner and outer housings when mounted on the assembly device. Consequently, even with satisfactory coaxiality between the upper and lower assembly fixtures, the existing assembly device may still result in substandard coaxiality between the motor inner and outer housings, leading to a lower assembly pass rate.

[0078] The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided in Embodiment 1 positions the rear end cover 3 by engaging the first positioning shaft 12 with the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover 3 of the motor, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing 4 of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover 3; and positions the rear housing 5 of the gearbox by engaging the second positioning shaft 22 with the second central shaft hole on the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the outer housing 6 of the motor located on the rear side of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox; then, a first optical alignment device is set on the lower end face of the first positioning shaft 12, and a second optical alignment device is set on the upper end face of the second positioning shaft 22; and the second optical alignment device projects a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning shaft 22 onto the first optical alignment device, thereby completing the first optical alignment. The photosensitive area on the device is coaxially arranged with the first positioning shaft 12; thus, the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention actually completes the coaxial positioning between the first central shaft hole and the second central shaft hole by completing the coaxial positioning between the first positioning shaft 12 and the second positioning shaft 22, and then completes the coaxial positioning between the outer housing 6 and the inner housing 4 of the motor. Therefore, the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention can directly ensure the coaxiality of the assembly of the inner housing 4 and the outer housing 6 of the motor by completing the coaxial positioning between the outer housing 6 and the inner housing 4 of the motor, eliminating the influence of individual differences caused by the dimensional tolerances between different assembly parts on the coaxial positioning between the outer housing 6 and the inner housing 4 of the motor, and improving the assembly qualification rate.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment 1, a first positioning pin 13 is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate 11. The first positioning pin 13 is used to cooperate with the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover 3.

[0080] By inserting the first positioning shaft 12 into the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover 3, and simultaneously inserting the first positioning pin 13 into the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover 3, the circumferential positioning of the rear end cover 3 can be completed, thereby completing the circumferential positioning of the motor inner housing 4 located on the front side of the rear end cover 3, preventing the motor inner housing 4 from shifting circumferentially during the process of positioning the rear end cover 3 on the first positioning shaft 12.

[0081] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment 1, a positioning block 14 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate 11, and an annular protrusion 131 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first positioning pin 13.

[0082] The annular protrusion 131 is used to fit against the first positioning surface outside the opening of the first process hole;

[0083] The positioning block 14 is used to fit against the second positioning surface on the rear side of the rear end cover 3;

[0084] The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the rear cover 3, press the first positioning surface onto the annular protrusion 131, and press the second positioning surface onto the positioning block 14;

[0085] The first positioning pin 13 and the positioning block 14 are respectively located on both sides of the first positioning shaft 12.

[0086] By setting a positioning block 14 and an annular protrusion 131 on the outer circumferential surface of the first positioning pin 13, the clamping mechanism can press the first positioning surface onto the annular protrusion 131 and the second positioning surface onto the positioning block 14 when clamping the rear end cover 3. This improves the stability of the clamping mechanism in clamping the rear end cover 3, and the motor inner housing 4 is less likely to axially deviate during the assembly of the motor outer housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4.

[0087] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment 1, a second positioning pin 23 is also fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate 21. The second positioning pin 23 is used to cooperate with the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox.

[0088] By inserting the second positioning shaft 22 into the second central shaft hole on the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, and simultaneously inserting the second positioning pin 23 into the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, the circumferential positioning of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox can be completed, thereby completing the circumferential positioning of the motor housing 6 located on the rear side of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, preventing the motor housing 6 from shifting circumferentially during the process of positioning the rear housing 5 of the gearbox on the second positioning shaft 22. Example

[0089] Based on the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 provides an assembly method for the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor, the assembly method including the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: Position and clamp the rear cover 3 onto the first positioning fixture 1; and position the gearbox rear housing 5 onto the second positioning fixture 2 to complete the axial positioning of the motor inner housing 4 and the axial positioning of the motor outer housing 6.

[0091] Step 2: The controller uses the first optical alignment device and the second optical alignment device to obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell 6 and the motor inner shell 4, and controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell 6 and the motor inner shell 4.

[0092] Step 3: The controller controls the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move linearly in the vertical direction towards the second positioning fixture 2, completing the assembly of the motor outer shell 6 and the motor inner shell 4.

[0093] Step 2 includes the following sub-steps:

[0094] S201: The controller uses the center point of the light-sensing area on the first optical alignment device as the origin of the coordinate system to establish the XOY coordinate system of the light-sensing area.

[0095] S202: The controller controls the second optical alignment device to project a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning axis 22 onto the first optical alignment device, and the first optical alignment device transmits the received sensing information to the controller.

[0096] S203: The controller inputs sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22 of the second positioning fixture 2, and uses the coordinate value as the relative position information.

[0097] S204: The controller controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move in the horizontal plane according to the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4.

[0098] Wherein, the X-axis coordinate of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22 corresponds to the position of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22 in the first horizontal direction; the Y-axis coordinate of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22 corresponds to the position of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22 in the second horizontal direction; the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other; by obtaining the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22, that is, by obtaining the first deviation distance between the center point of the light sensing area (that is, the center point of the lower end face of the first positioning axis 12) and the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22 in the first horizontal direction, and the second deviation distance in the second horizontal direction; the controller can then control the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning plate 11 to move in the first horizontal direction according to the first deviation distance, and control the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning plate 11 to move in the second horizontal direction according to the second deviation distance, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4.

[0099] In sub-step S203, the method by which the controller obtains the coordinates of the center point of the upper surface of the second positioning axis 22 by inputting sensing information into the XOY coordinate system includes:

[0100] The controller inputs sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser on the edge of the photosensitive area;

[0101] The controller obtains the coordinates of the center point of the upper surface of the second positioning axis 22 based on the coordinates of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser on the edge of the first photosensitive area.

[0102] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the controller inputs sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser onto the edge of the photosensitive area (i.e., Figure 8 (The coordinates of points A1 and A2 in the diagram).

[0103] Since the center point of the light-sensing area is the origin, the coordinates of the center point O1 of the light-sensing area are (0, 0), that is... Figure 8 The values ​​of X1 and Y1 are both 0. Since the radius of the photosensitive area is equal to the projection radius of the cylindrical laser, the coordinate value X2 of the projection center point of the cylindrical laser (that is, the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis 22) O2 on the X-axis is equal to the coordinate value X3 of point A1 on the X-axis plus the coordinate value X4 of point A2 on the X-axis (that is, X2 = X3 + X4); the coordinate value Y2 of O2 on the Y-axis is equal to the coordinate value Y3 of point A1 on the Y-axis plus the coordinate value Y4 of point A2 on the Y-axis (that is, Y2 = Y3 + Y4).

[0104] Specifically, in step 1, the method of positioning and clamping the rear end cover 3 on the first positioning fixture 1 includes: inserting the first positioning shaft 12 of the first positioning fixture 1 into the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover 3, while inserting the first positioning pin 13 on the lower side of the first positioning plate 11 of the first positioning fixture 1 into the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover 3; and making the annular protrusion 131 on the outer peripheral surface of the first positioning pin 13 fit with the first positioning surface outside the opening of the first process hole, and the positioning block 14 on the lower side of the first positioning plate 11 fit with the second positioning surface on the rear side of the rear end cover 3, thereby completing the positioning of the rear end cover 3 on the first positioning fixture 1;

[0105] The rear end cover 3 is then clamped by the clamping mechanism of the first positioning fixture 1, and the first positioning surface is pressed onto the annular protrusion 131; the second positioning surface is pressed onto the positioning block 14, thus completing the clamping and fixing of the rear end cover 3 on the first positioning fixture 1.

[0106] The method for positioning the rear housing 5 of the gearbox on the second positioning fixture 2 includes: placing the rear housing 5 of the gearbox on the second positioning plate 21 of the second positioning fixture 2, so that the upper surface of the second positioning plate 21 is in contact with the front end face of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox; and inserting the second positioning shaft 22 of the second positioning fixture 2 into the second central shaft hole on the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, and inserting the second positioning pin 23 of the second positioning fixture 2 into the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, thereby completing the positioning of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox on the second positioning fixture 2.

[0107] The assembly device and method for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0108] 1. By setting a first optical alignment device on the first positioning fixture 1 and a second optical alignment device on the second positioning fixture 2, the controller can obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell 6 and the motor inner shell 4 using the first and second optical alignment devices. Based on the relative position information, the controller controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture 1 to move in the horizontal plane to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell 6 and the motor inner shell 4. This allows the assembly device for assembling the motor inner and outer shells provided by the present invention to eliminate the need for manual adjustment of the first positioning fixture 1 and the second positioning fixture 2 by a dial indicator when assembling the motor inner shell 4 and the motor outer shell 6. The method addresses the issue of coaxiality between the inner and outer casings of a motor. It solves the problem that when using existing assembly devices to assemble the inner and outer casings of a motor, the commissioning personnel must manually adjust the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure coaxiality. This indirectly ensures the coaxiality of the inner and outer casings. However, this method requires a high level of expertise from the commissioning personnel and is highly susceptible to human error. Errors by the commissioning personnel can easily lead to substandard coaxiality between the inner and outer casings, resulting in impacts or compression during assembly, causing damage or deformation to both.

[0109] 2. When using the existing upper and lower assembly device to assemble the inner and outer housings of the motor, although the commissioning personnel can manually check the runout between the upper and lower assembly fixtures using a dial indicator to ensure the coaxiality between the upper and lower assembly fixtures, thereby indirectly ensuring the coaxiality of the inner and outer housings, individual differences caused by dimensional tolerances between different assembly parts can affect the coaxial positioning between the inner and outer housings. This results in a certain axial offset between the inner and outer housings installed on the upper and lower assembly device. Consequently, even if the coaxiality between the upper and lower assembly fixtures is qualified, the coaxiality between the inner and outer housings may still be substandard, leading to a decrease in the assembly pass rate.

[0110] The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention positions the rear end cover 3 by engaging the first positioning shaft 12 with the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover 3 of the motor, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing 4 of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover 3; and positions the rear end cover 5 of the gearbox by engaging the second positioning shaft 22 with the second central shaft hole on the rear end cover 5 of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the outer housing 6 of the motor located on the rear side of the rear end cover 5 of the gearbox; then, a first optical alignment device is set on the lower end surface of the first positioning shaft 12, and a second optical alignment device is set on the upper end surface of the second positioning shaft 22; and the second optical alignment device projects a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning shaft 22 onto the first optical alignment device. The light-sensing area on the device is coaxially arranged with the first positioning shaft 12; thus, the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention actually completes the coaxial positioning between the first central shaft hole and the second central shaft hole by completing the coaxial positioning between the first positioning shaft 12 and the second positioning shaft 22, and then completes the coaxial positioning between the outer housing 6 and the inner housing 4 of the motor. Therefore, the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor provided by the present invention can directly ensure the coaxiality of the assembly of the inner housing 4 and the outer housing 6 of the motor by completing the coaxial positioning between the outer housing 6 and the inner housing 4 of the motor, eliminating the influence of individual differences caused by the dimensional tolerances between different assembly parts on the coaxial positioning between the outer housing 6 and the inner housing 4 of the motor, and improving the assembly qualification rate.

[0111] 3. By inserting the first positioning shaft 12 into the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover 3, and simultaneously inserting the first positioning pin 13 into the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover 3, the circumferential positioning of the rear end cover 3 can be completed, thereby completing the circumferential positioning of the motor inner housing 4 located on the front side of the rear end cover 3, preventing the motor inner housing 4 from shifting circumferentially during the process of positioning the rear end cover 3 on the first positioning shaft 12.

[0112] 4. By setting a positioning block 14 and an annular protrusion 131 on the outer circumferential surface of the first positioning pin 13, the clamping mechanism will press the first positioning surface onto the annular protrusion 131 and the second positioning surface onto the positioning block 14 when clamping the rear end cover 3. This improves the stability of the clamping mechanism in clamping the rear end cover 3, and the motor inner housing 4 is less likely to axially deviate during the assembly of the motor outer housing 6 and the motor inner housing 4.

[0113] 5. By inserting the second positioning shaft 22 into the second central shaft hole on the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, and simultaneously inserting the second positioning pin 23 into the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, the circumferential positioning of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox can be completed, thereby completing the circumferential positioning of the motor housing 6 located on the rear side of the rear housing 5 of the gearbox, preventing the motor housing 6 from shifting circumferentially during the process of positioning the rear housing 5 of the gearbox on the second positioning shaft 22.

[0114] The above are merely specific application examples of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for assembling the inner and outer housings of an electric motor, characterized in that: It includes a planar motion mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a controller, and a first positioning fixture and a second positioning fixture arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The first positioning fixture is used to position the rear end cover of the motor and clamp and fix the positioned rear end cover; thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover. The second positioning fixture is used to support and position the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor housing located on the rear side of the rear housing of the gearbox; The first positioning fixture is provided with a first optical alignment device, and the second positioning fixture is provided with a second optical alignment device. The pressing mechanism is fixedly mounted on the planar motion mechanism, and the first positioning fixture is fixedly mounted on the output end of the pressing mechanism. The planar motion mechanism is used to drive the pressing mechanism and the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane, and the pressing mechanism is used to drive the first positioning fixture to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction. The first optical alignment device, the second optical alignment device, the pressing mechanism, and the planar motion mechanism are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller uses the first optical alignment device and the second optical alignment device to obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell, and controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell; the controller is also used to control the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move linearly in the vertical direction towards the second positioning fixture, so as to complete the assembly of the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell; The first positioning fixture includes a horizontally arranged first positioning plate and a first positioning shaft fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate; The second positioning fixture includes a horizontally arranged second positioning plate and a second positioning shaft fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate; The second optical alignment device is used to project a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning axis onto the first optical alignment device; The first optical alignment device is provided with a photosensitive area, which is circular and coaxial with the first positioning axis. The radius of the photosensitive area is equal to the projection radius of the cylindrical laser. The first optical alignment device transmits the received sensing information to the controller; the controller obtains the relative position information based on the sensing information.

2. The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning fixture includes a horizontally arranged first positioning plate, a clamping mechanism mounted on the first positioning plate, and a first positioning shaft fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate; The first positioning shaft is used to cooperate with the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover of the motor to position the rear end cover, thereby completing the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor located on the front side of the rear end cover; the clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the rear end cover after it has been positioned. The second positioning fixture includes a horizontally arranged second positioning plate and a second positioning shaft fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate; the upper surface of the second positioning plate is used to fit against the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox to support the rear housing of the gearbox; the second positioning shaft is used to cooperate with the second central shaft hole on the rear housing of the gearbox to position the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the axial positioning of the motor housing body located on the rear side of the rear housing of the gearbox. The first optical alignment device is disposed on the lower end face of the first positioning shaft, and the second optical alignment device is disposed on the upper end face of the second positioning shaft; the planar motion mechanism is used to drive the first positioning plate to move in the horizontal plane, and the pressing mechanism is used to drive the first positioning plate to reciprocate linearly in the vertical direction.

3. The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first positioning pin is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate. The first positioning pin is used to cooperate with the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover.

4. The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A positioning block is also fixedly connected to the lower side of the first positioning plate, and an annular protrusion is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first positioning pin. The annular protrusion is used to fit against the first positioning surface outside the opening of the first process hole; The positioning block is used to fit against the second positioning surface on the rear side of the rear end cover; The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the rear end cover, press the first positioning surface onto the annular protrusion, and press the second positioning surface onto the positioning block; The first positioning pin and the positioning block are respectively disposed on both sides of the first positioning shaft.

5. The assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second positioning pin is also fixedly connected to the upper side of the second positioning plate. The second positioning pin is used to cooperate with the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox.

6. A method for assembling the inner and outer housings of a motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly method includes the following steps: Step 1: Position and clamp the rear end cover onto the first positioning fixture; and position the rear housing of the gearbox onto the second positioning fixture to complete the axial positioning of the inner housing of the motor and the axial positioning of the outer housing of the motor. Step 2: The controller uses the first optical alignment device and the second optical alignment device to obtain the relative position information between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell, and controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane based on the relative position information, so as to complete the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell. Step 3: The controller controls the pressing mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move linearly in the vertical direction toward the second positioning fixture, thereby completing the assembly of the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell.

7. The assembly method of the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 2 includes the following sub-steps: S201: The controller establishes the XOY coordinate system of the light-sensing area using the center point of the light-sensing area on the first optical alignment device as the origin. S202: The controller controls the second optical alignment device to project a cylindrical laser coaxial with the second positioning axis onto the first optical alignment device, and the first optical alignment device transmits the received sensing information to the controller. S203: The controller inputs the sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis of the second positioning fixture, and uses the coordinate value as the relative position information; S204: The controller controls the planar motion mechanism to drive the first positioning fixture to move in the horizontal plane according to the relative position information, thereby completing the coaxial positioning between the motor outer shell and the motor inner shell.

8. The assembly method of the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: In sub-step S203, the method by which the controller inputs the sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate value of the center point of the upper end face of the second positioning axis includes: The controller inputs the sensing information into the XOY coordinate system to obtain the coordinate values ​​of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser on the edge of the photosensitive area; The controller obtains the coordinates of the center point of the upper surface of the second positioning axis based on the coordinates of the two endpoints of the arc projected by the cylindrical laser on the edge of the first photosensitive area.

9. The assembly method of the assembly device for the inner and outer housings of the motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 1, the method of positioning and clamping the rear end cover onto the first positioning fixture includes: inserting the first positioning shaft of the first positioning fixture into the first central shaft hole on the rear end cover, while simultaneously inserting the first positioning pin on the lower side of the first positioning plate of the first positioning fixture into the first process hole on the rear side of the rear end cover; and making the annular protrusion on the outer circumferential surface of the first positioning pin fit against the first positioning surface outside the opening of the first process hole, and the positioning block on the lower side of the first positioning plate fit against the second positioning surface on the rear side of the rear end cover, thereby completing the positioning of the rear end cover on the first positioning fixture. The rear end cover is then clamped by the clamping mechanism of the first positioning fixture, and the first positioning surface is pressed against the annular protrusion; the second positioning surface is pressed against the positioning block, thus completing the clamping and fixing of the rear end cover on the first positioning fixture. The method for positioning the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning fixture includes: placing the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning plate of the second positioning fixture, so that the upper surface of the second positioning plate is in contact with the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox; and inserting the second positioning shaft of the second positioning fixture into the second central shaft hole on the rear housing of the gearbox, and inserting the second positioning pin of the second positioning fixture into the second process hole on the front end face of the rear housing of the gearbox, thereby completing the positioning of the rear housing of the gearbox on the second positioning fixture.

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