A microfluidic chip and a detection system

Abstract

A microfluidic chip and detection system are disclosed. The microfluidic chip includes: a sample storage chamber for storing the sample to be dispersed; a continuous phase storage chamber for storing the continuous phase; a droplet generation array for generating two-phase microdroplets from the sample and the continuous phase; and a droplet spreading chamber for spreading the generated two-phase microdroplets. By integrating the sample storage chamber, continuous phase storage chamber, droplet generation array, and droplet spreading chamber into a single integrated structure, the enclosed space effectively reduces the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during droplet transfer to the droplet spreading chamber. The detection system includes: a centrifugal drive shaft and a centrifugal loading disk; several detection units fixed on the centrifugal loading disk; and a microfluidic chip fixed on each detection unit. The detection unit integrates a temperature control module, an excitation light module, and an optical detection module, enabling the entire process from droplet generation to detection, reducing the overall construction cost of the detection system and achieving device miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microfluidics, and more particularly to a microfluidic chip and a detection system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of droplet microfluidics, stepped emulsification chip technology has unparalleled advantages over focusing and co-flow chip technologies in terms of high-throughput scaling and high-rate generation. Stepped emulsification technology can be further divided into different technical schools. Among them, centrifugal stepped emulsification chip technology uses centrifugal force to drive the process instead of conventional syringe pumps or pressure pumps. This not only significantly reduces the equipment cost for implementation but also solves the problem of droplet blockage at the generation port leading to polydispersity, a challenge faced by conventional stepped emulsification chip technologies. Therefore, it has a very broad prospect for industrialization.

[0003] Existing centrifugal stepped emulsification chips include a dispersed phase storage chamber, a droplet generation array, and a continuous phase storage chamber. The dispersed phase storage chamber stores the sample to be dispersed, the droplet generation array generates droplets, and the continuous phase storage chamber stores the continuous phase and droplets. An appropriate amount of continuous phase reagent is added to the continuous phase storage chamber, ensuring the continuous phase wets the droplet generation array and the liquid level is higher than the array. Then, the sample to be dispersed is added to the sample storage chamber. After capping the centrifuge tube, it is placed in a high-speed centrifuge, balanced, and started. Monodisperse droplets are generated, and under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity, the droplets are collected at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. The centrifuge tube is then placed in a commercial PCR instrument for PCR reaction. Afterward, the reacted microdroplets are transferred to the microdroplet spreading chamber using a pipette or similar method for spreading, and then placed in an optical system for imaging, counting, and quantitative analysis.

[0004] However, while existing centrifugal step emulsification chip technology can overcome the challenge of droplet aggregation at the generation port leading to multi-dispersed particle sizes, its function is limited to droplet generation. During the subsequent transfer of the generated microdroplets to the plated detection device, the microdroplets are inevitably exposed to air, leading to droplet breakage and reagent contamination. Furthermore, constructing a molecular or protein detection workflow using current centrifugal step emulsification chip technology requires separate configurations of the droplet generation chip, high-speed centrifuge, PCR instrument, precision pipette, plated chip, and fluorescence microscope. This results in high costs and large equipment size, hindering commercial development and application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a microfluidic chip and detection system that reduces the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during droplet transfer, as well as reduces detection costs and achieves equipment miniaturization.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a microfluidic chip, comprising: a sample storage cavity for storing a sample to be dispersed; a continuous phase storage cavity connected to the sample storage cavity for storing a continuous phase; a droplet generating array connected to the sample storage cavity, the droplet generating array being placed within the continuous phase storage cavity and used to generate two-phase microdroplets from the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase; and a droplet spreading cavity connected to the continuous phase storage cavity for spreading the generated two-phase microdroplets.

[0007] Optionally, the sample storage cavity and the continuous phase storage cavity are detachably connected.

[0008] Optionally, the sample storage cavity includes a first latching part; the continuous phase storage cavity includes a second latching part adapted to the first latching part, wherein the first latching part and the second latching part are matched and connected.

[0009] Optionally, the sample storage cavity may further include a handle.

[0010] Optionally, the droplet generation array includes: an upper droplet generation array plate having a through hole, the through hole having a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end of the through hole communicating with the sample storage cavity; and a lower droplet generation array plate connected to the upper droplet generation array plate, the lower droplet generation array plate including a sample inlet, a plurality of array ports communicating with the sample inlet, and droplet outlets communicating with each of the array ports, the second end of the through hole communicating with the sample inlet.

[0011] Optionally, the droplet spreading cavity includes: an upper shell for the droplet spreading cavity; and a lower shell for the droplet spreading cavity connected to the upper shell, wherein the upper shell and the lower shell are connected to form a droplet spreading chamber.

[0012] Optionally, the height of the droplet spreading chamber is 1.1 to 1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets.

[0013] Optionally, the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity and the droplet spreading cavity is 30° to 60°.

[0014] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a detection system, comprising: a centrifugal drive shaft; a centrifugal loading disk fixedly connected to the centrifugal drive shaft; a plurality of detection units fixed on the centrifugal loading disk; and a microfluidic chip as described in any of the above technical solutions fixed on each of the detection units; wherein the detection unit comprises: an excitation light module for providing excitation light required by the luminescent material; an optical detection module for converting the optical signal emitted by the luminescent material after excitation into an electrical signal; and a temperature control module for controlling the temperature of the two-phase microdroplets during the biochemical reaction process.

[0015] Optionally, the detection unit further includes: a detection base; a detection cover connected to the detection base, wherein the detection cover and the detection base form a detection cavity; the optical detection module and the temperature control module are disposed within the detection cavity; and the excitation light module is fixed to the detection cover.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] In the microfluidic chip of the present invention, the sample storage cavity, the continuous phase storage cavity, the droplet generation array, and the droplet spreading cavity are integrated into a single structure, which allows for direct droplet spreading after the two-phase microdroplets are generated. The enclosed space can effectively reduce the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during the transfer of the two-phase microdroplets to the droplet spreading cavity.

[0018] Furthermore, the sample storage cavity and the continuous phase storage cavity are detachably connected. This facilitates the disassembly of the sample storage cavity and the continuous phase storage cavity to allow the addition of the continuous phase into the continuous phase storage cavity.

[0019] Furthermore, the sample storage cavity also includes a handle. Holding the handle facilitates the disassembly of the sample storage cavity from the continuous phase storage cavity.

[0020] Furthermore, the droplet generation array lower plate includes a sample inlet, a plurality of array ports communicating with the sample inlet, and droplet outlets communicating with each of the array ports. The second end of the through-hole is connected to the sample inlet. By setting a plurality of the array ports, the sample to be dispersed can be generated in a high-throughput manner into dispersed phase particles with uniform particle size.

[0021] Furthermore, the height of the droplet spreading chamber is 1.1 to 1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets. When the height of the droplet spreading chamber is less than 1.1 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets, the small space height is not conducive to the flow of the two-phase microdroplets within the droplet spreading chamber; when the height of the droplet spreading chamber is greater than 1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets, the large space height easily leads to the problem of stacking of the two-phase microdroplets, thus making it impossible to achieve single-layer spreading of the two-phase microdroplets.

[0022] Furthermore, the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity and the droplet spreading cavity is 30° to 60°. When the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity and the droplet spreading cavity is less than 30°, the continuous phase storage cavity is placed too gently, which reduces the area of ​​the continuous phase stored in the continuous phase storage cavity that immerses the droplet generation array, thus hindering the generation of the two-phase microdroplets. When the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity and the droplet spreading cavity is greater than 60°, the continuous phase storage cavity is placed too steeply, which hinders the flow of the two-phase microdroplets from the continuous phase storage cavity into the droplet spreading cavity.

[0023] In the detection system of this invention, the microfluidic chip integrates the sample storage chamber, the continuous phase storage chamber, the droplet generation array, and the droplet spreading chamber into a single integrated structure. This allows for direct droplet spreading after the two-phase microdroplets are generated. The enclosed space effectively reduces the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during the transfer of the two-phase microdroplets to the droplet spreading chamber. By integrating the temperature control module, the excitation light module, and the optical detection module, and combining them with the centrifugal drive shaft and the centrifugal tray to form a centrifugal drive system, the generation, spreading, temperature-controlled reaction, optical excitation, and detection of the two-phase microdroplets can be completed in a single step, significantly reducing the overall construction cost of the detection system and achieving equipment miniaturization. Furthermore, the high-throughput centrifugation processing of the multiple detection units significantly reduces the average detection cost.

[0024] Furthermore, the detection unit also includes: a detection base; a detection cover connected to the detection base, the detection cover and the detection base forming a detection cavity; the optical detection module and the temperature control module disposed within the detection cavity; and the excitation light module fixed to the detection cover. By forming a sealed detection cavity and placing the optical detection module and the temperature control module within the detection cavity, the optical detection module and the temperature control module can be protected. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the microfluidic chip structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sample storage cavity and droplet generation array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower part of the droplet generation array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous phase storage cavity and droplet spreading cavity in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a front view of the microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the lower shell and part of the droplet-laying cavity in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the detection unit and microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] As described in the background section, the existing technology has problems such as the droplets being easily exposed to air and prone to breakage and contamination during the process of transferring the droplets to the droplet-spreading detection chamber after droplet generation, as well as the high cost and large size of the detection system. Therefore, further improvements are needed.

[0034] Based on this, the present invention provides a microfluidic chip and a detection system. The microfluidic chip integrates the sample storage chamber, the continuous phase storage chamber, the droplet generation array, and the droplet spreading chamber into a single integrated structure. This allows for direct droplet spreading after the two-phase microdroplets are generated. The enclosed space effectively reduces the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during the transfer of the two-phase microdroplets to the droplet spreading chamber. By integrating the temperature control module, the excitation light module, and the optical detection module, and combining them with the centrifugal drive shaft and the centrifugal tray to form a centrifugal drive system, the process of generating, spreading, temperature-controlled reaction, optical excitation, and detection of the two-phase microdroplets can be completed in one stop, significantly reducing the construction cost of the entire detection system and achieving equipment miniaturization. Moreover, due to the high-throughput centrifugation processing of the multiple detection units, the average detection cost can be significantly reduced.

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top surface," "bottom surface," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated position or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the microfluidic chip structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sample storage cavity and droplet generation array in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower part of the droplet generation array in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous phase storage cavity and droplet spreading cavity in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the lower shell and part of the droplet-laying cavity in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 and 2 A microfluidic chip 10 includes: a sample storage cavity 101 for storing a sample to be dispersed; a continuous phase storage cavity 102 connected to the sample storage cavity 101 for storing a continuous phase; a droplet generating array 103 connected to the sample storage cavity 101 and placed within the continuous phase storage cavity 102, the droplet generating array 103 for generating two-phase microdroplets from the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase; and a droplet spreading cavity 104 connected to the continuous phase storage cavity 102 for spreading the generated two-phase microdroplets.

[0039] The operation of the microfluidic chip 10 is as follows: First, the continuous phase is added to the continuous phase storage cavity 102. Then, the sample storage cavity 101 is connected to the continuous phase storage cavity 102. The droplet generating array 103, which is connected to the sample storage cavity 101, extends into the continuous phase storage cavity 102. It is important to note that the amount of continuous phase added to the continuous phase storage cavity 102 needs to be higher than that of the droplet generating array 103, so that there are no air bubbles remaining in the continuous phase storage cavity 102 and the droplet spreading cavity 104, and the continuous phase reagent is immersed in the droplet generating array 103. At the same time, the added continuous phase also needs to have a visible liquid level in the sample storage cavity 101 so that there are no air bubbles trapped in the middle when loading the sample to be dispersed. Then, the sample to be dispersed (i.e., the dispersed phase) is loaded into the sample storage cavity 101, ensuring that there are no air bubbles between the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase. Under centrifugal drive, the sample to be dispersed enters the droplet generating array 103. At this time, the droplet generating array 103 simultaneously contains the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase. Under continuous centrifugal drive, the continuous phase encapsulates the sample to be dispersed, thereby generating the two-phase microdroplets. The finally generated two-phase microdroplets continue to flow into the droplet spreading cavity 104 under centrifugal drive.

[0040] By integrating the sample storage cavity 101, the continuous phase storage cavity 102, the droplet generation array 103, and the droplet spreading cavity 104 into a single integrated structure, droplet spreading can be performed directly after the two-phase microdroplets are generated. The enclosed space can effectively reduce the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during the transfer of the two-phase microdroplets to the droplet spreading cavity.

[0041] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 In conjunction with references Figure 4 In this embodiment, the sample storage cavity 101 and the continuous phase storage cavity 102 are detachably connected. This facilitates the disassembly of the sample storage cavity 101 and the continuous phase storage cavity 102, allowing the continuous phase to be added into the continuous phase storage cavity 102.

[0042] In other embodiments, the sample storage cavity and the continuous phase storage cavity can be designed as a non-detachable connection, with an inlet for sample addition reserved on the continuous phase storage cavity.

[0043] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 and Figure 4The sample storage cavity 101 includes a first latching part 1011; the continuous phase storage cavity 102 includes a second latching part 1021 adapted to the first latching part 1011. The sample storage cavity 101 and the continuous phase storage cavity 102 are detachably connected by matching and connecting the first latching part 1011 and the second latching part 1021.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first latching part 1011 is configured as a protruding structure, and the corresponding second latching part 1021 is configured as a recessed structure.

[0045] In other embodiments, the first latching portion may be configured as a recessed structure, and the second latching portion may be configured as a protruding structure.

[0046] In other embodiments, the first and second snap-fit ​​portions can also be configured as other types of snap-fit ​​structures to achieve the corresponding snap-fit ​​connection.

[0047] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 In this embodiment, the sample storage cavity 101 further includes a handle 1012. By holding the handle 1012, it is easy to disassemble the sample storage cavity 101 from the continuous phase storage cavity 102.

[0048] In this embodiment, the handle 1012 adopts a ring structure.

[0049] In other embodiments, the handle may also take other forms of protrusion structure, such as a strip structure.

[0050] In other embodiments, the handle may be omitted.

[0051] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 2 In conjunction with references Figure 3 The droplet generating array 103 includes: an upper droplet generating array 1031, the upper droplet generating array 1031 having a through hole (not shown), the through hole having a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end of the through hole communicating with the sample storage cavity 101; and a lower droplet generating array 1032 connected to the upper droplet generating array 1031, the lower droplet generating array 1032 including a sample inlet 1032a, a plurality of array ports 1032b communicating with the sample inlet 1032a, and droplet outlets 1032c communicating with each of the array ports 1032b, the second end of the through hole communicating with the sample inlet 1032a.

[0052] Under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity, the sample to be dispersed flows from the sample storage cavity 101 through the through-hole into the sample inlet 1032a of the droplet generating array lower plate 1032, and then into each of the array ports 1032b. The function of each array port 1032b is to generate uniformly sized dispersed phase particles from the sample to be dispersed in a high-throughput manner. Since the droplet generating array 103 is immersed in the continuous phase, the continuous phase can enter the droplet generating array 103 through the droplet outlet 1032c. Under centrifugal drive, the continuous phase encapsulates the dispersed phase particles of the sample to be dispersed, thereby generating two-phase microdroplets at the outer boundary of the array port 1032b. The generated two-phase microdroplets are eventually discharged into the continuous phase storage cavity 102 through the droplet outlet 1032c. Then, under the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, the two-phase microdroplets flow into the droplet spreading cavity 104 to complete droplet spreading.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 6 The droplet spreading cavity 104 includes: an upper shell 1041 for the droplet spreading cavity; and a lower shell 1042 for the droplet spreading cavity connected to the upper shell 1041. The upper shell 1041 and the lower shell 1042 for the droplet spreading cavity are connected to form a droplet spreading chamber 1043.

[0054] In this embodiment, the height of the droplet spreading chamber 1043 is very small. Due to limitations in the manufacturing process, it is difficult to integrally injection mold the droplet spreading cavity 104. Therefore, the droplet spreading chamber 1043 is constructed by bonding or adhering the upper and lower shells.

[0055] In other embodiments, if the processing technology can meet the design size requirements of the droplet spreading chamber space height, the droplet spreading chamber can also be integrally injection molded.

[0056] In this embodiment, the height of the droplet spreading chamber 1043 is 1.1 to 1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets. When the height of the droplet spreading chamber 1043 is less than 1.1 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets, the small space height is not conducive to the flow of the two-phase microdroplets within the droplet spreading chamber 1043; when the height of the droplet spreading chamber 1043 is greater than 1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets, the large space height easily leads to the problem of stacking of the two-phase microdroplets, thus making it impossible to achieve single-layer spreading of the two-phase microdroplets.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 5In this embodiment, the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity 102 and the droplet spreading cavity 104 is 30° to 60°. When the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity 102 and the droplet spreading cavity 104 is less than 30°, the continuous phase storage cavity 102 is placed too gently, which reduces the area of ​​the continuous phase stored in the continuous phase storage cavity 102 that submerges the droplet generation array 103, which is not conducive to the generation of the two-phase microdroplets. When the communication angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity 102 and the droplet spreading cavity 104 is greater than 60°, the continuous phase storage cavity 102 is placed too steeply, which is not conducive to the flow of the two-phase microdroplets from the continuous phase storage cavity 102 into the droplet spreading cavity 104.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the detection system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the detection unit and microfluidic chip in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Accordingly, this embodiment of the invention also provides a detection system 20, please refer to [further details]. Figures 1 to 6 and in conjunction with references Figure 7 and Figure 8 The system includes: a centrifugal drive shaft 201; a centrifugal loading disk 202 fixedly connected to the centrifugal drive shaft 201; a plurality of detection units 203 fixed on the centrifugal loading disk 202; and a microfluidic chip 10 as described in any of the above embodiments fixed on each of the detection units 203; wherein the detection unit 203 includes: an excitation light module 2031, which provides excitation light required by the luminescent material; an optical detection module 2032, which converts the optical signal emitted by the luminescent material after excitation into an electrical signal; and a temperature control module 2033, which controls the temperature of the two-phase microdroplets during the biochemical reaction process.

[0060] The microfluidic chip 10 integrates the sample storage chamber 101, the continuous phase storage chamber 102, the droplet generation array 103, and the droplet spreading chamber 104 into a single integrated structure. This allows for direct droplet spreading after the two-phase microdroplets are generated. The enclosed space effectively reduces the risk of droplet breakage and reagent contamination during the transfer of the two-phase microdroplets to the droplet spreading chamber. By integrating the temperature control module 2033, the excitation light module 2031, and the optical detection module 2032, and combining them with the centrifugal drive shaft 201 and the centrifugal loading disk 202 to form a centrifugal drive system, the generation, spreading, temperature-controlled reaction, optical excitation, and detection of the two-phase microdroplets can be completed in one stop, significantly reducing the construction cost of the entire detection system 20 and achieving equipment miniaturization. Furthermore, the high-throughput centrifugation processing of the multiple detection units 203 significantly reduces the average detection cost.

[0061] It should be noted that the detection units 203 need to be symmetrically distributed and installed on the centrifugal drive system in a balanced manner. The processing capacity of the centrifugal tray 202 can be 8, 12, 16, 24, 48, 96, or 192 units. After the detection units 203 are powered on, they undergo subsequent temperature-controlled reactions, optical excitation, and detection. Finally, the data is analyzed by the software system to obtain a fluorescence quantitative detection analysis report.

[0062] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 8 The detection unit 203 further includes: a detection base 2034; a detection cover 2035 connected to the detection base 2034, wherein the detection cover 2035 and the detection base 2034 form a detection cavity (not shown); the optical detection module 2032 and the temperature control module 2033 are disposed in the detection cavity; and the excitation light module 2031 is fixed to the detection cover 2035.

[0063] By forming a sealed detection cavity and placing the optical detection module 2032 and the temperature control module 2033 inside the detection cavity, the optical detection module 2032 and the temperature control module 2033 can be protected.

[0064] In this embodiment, the excitation light module 2031 is integrated into a fastener (not shown). The microfluidic chip 10 is fixed to the detection unit 203 by the fastener containing the laser emission module 2031. The excitation light module 2031 needs to ensure that it can irradiate the droplet spreading cavity 104 of the microfluidic chip 10 in order to provide the excitation light required for the luminescent material in the microfluidic chip 10.

[0065] In other embodiments, additional fasteners may be configured to achieve a fixed connection between the microfluidic chip and the detection unit. After fixing, it is also necessary to ensure that the excitation light module can irradiate the droplet-laying cavity of the microfluidic chip in order to provide the excitation light required by the luminescent material in the microfluidic chip.

[0066] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A microfluidic chip, characterized in that, include: A sample storage chamber for storing the sample to be dispersed; A continuous phase storage cavity connected to the sample storage cavity, the continuous phase storage cavity being used to store a continuous phase; A droplet generating array is connected to the sample storage cavity and is placed inside the continuous phase storage cavity. The droplet generating array is used to generate two-phase microdroplets from the sample to be dispersed and the continuous phase. A droplet spreading cavity connected to the continuous phase storage cavity, the droplet spreading cavity being used to spread the generated two-phase microdroplets; The connection angle α between the continuous phase storage cavity and the droplet spreading cavity is 30°~60°.

2. The microfluidic chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sample storage cavity and the continuous phase storage cavity are detachably connected.

3. The microfluidic chip as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sample storage cavity includes a first latching part; the continuous phase storage cavity includes a second latching part adapted to the first latching part, wherein the first latching part and the second latching part are matched and connected.

4. The microfluidic chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sample storage cavity also includes a handle.

5. The microfluidic chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The droplet generation array includes: an upper droplet generation array plate having a through hole, the through hole having a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end of the through hole communicating with the sample storage cavity; and a lower droplet generation array plate connected to the upper droplet generation array plate, the lower droplet generation array plate including a sample inlet, a plurality of array ports communicating with the sample inlet, and droplet outlets communicating with each of the array ports, the second end of the through hole communicating with the sample inlet.

6. The microfluidic chip as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The droplet spreading cavity includes: an upper shell for the droplet spreading cavity; and a lower shell for the droplet spreading cavity connected to the upper shell. The connection between the upper shell and the lower shell forms a droplet spreading chamber.

7. The microfluidic chip as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The height of the droplet spreading chamber is 1.1 to 1.3 times the particle size of the two-phase microdroplets.

8. A detection system, characterized in that, include: Centrifugal drive shaft; The centrifugal loading disk is fixedly connected to the centrifugal drive shaft; Several detection units fixed on the centrifugal tray; A microfluidic chip as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, fixed to each of the detection units; The detection unit includes: An excitation light module, which provides the excitation light required by the luminescent material; An optical detection module is used to convert the optical signal emitted by the luminescent material after it is excited into an electrical signal. A temperature control module is used to control the temperature of the two-phase microdroplets during the biochemical reaction process.

9. The detection system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The detection unit further includes: a detection base; a detection cover connected to the detection base, wherein the detection cover and the detection base form a detection cavity; the optical detection module and the temperature control module are disposed in the detection cavity; and the excitation light module is fixed to the detection cover.

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