Electro-hydraulic quick change system tool anti-drop device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a kind of electromechanical hydraulic quick-change system accessory anti-drop device, including upper coupling and lower coupling, one end of upper coupling and one end of lower coupling have mutually matched connection anti-loosening structure, the other end of upper coupling and the other end of lower coupling have mutually matched connection pin shaft with expansion spring and clamping slot;Rotatable locking mechanism is provided at the cooperation of pin shaft with expansion spring and clamping slot, locking mechanism has first rotation direction and second rotation direction, locking mechanism includes disassembly surface matched with first rotation direction and locking surface matched with second rotation direction.The application makes locking and anti-falling not complete at the same time and remove, greatly reduces the participation of personnel in the process of switching accessory of quick-change device, and operating personnel only need to rotate pull rod to complete steering and then leave, provides the leaving time of work site for workers, improves safety;Reduce switching time, improve efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery technology, and more specifically, relates to an anti-detachment device for an electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system attachment. Background Technology

[0002] Construction machinery includes electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change systems, which involve quick-change devices. These devices connect and switch between the boom and attachments. Their primary function is attachment switching, allowing for the changing of attachments during operation to meet diverse work requirements. Quick-change devices are crucial for enabling excavators to perform multiple tasks, offering unparalleled advantages in space-constrained work scenarios such as municipal repairs and pipeline laying.

[0003] Ordinary mechanical quick-change devices are popular due to their simple and reliable structure, lack of need for additional power sources, and adaptability to corresponding equipment without modification. However, mechanical quick-change devices often use traditional screw or pin connections, which usually require manual installation and disassembly, resulting in high labor intensity, low efficiency, and low safety.

[0004] Typical examples include a quick-change device and excavator disclosed in patent number CN112227438A, and a mechanical excavator attachment quick-change device and excavator disclosed in patent number CN112627255B. These quick-change devices rely on screws or pins for locking and preventing detachment. Switching between them requires workers to use specialized tools, which is time-consuming and physically demanding. Furthermore, these quick-change devices require personnel to be present until the device is detached from the attachment, posing a very high risk. Therefore, a device that prevents detachment, offers high safety, and reduces the need for tool-intensive attachment assembly and disassembly is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing an anti-detachment device for attachments in an electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system. This significantly reduces the need for human intervention during attachment switching in conventional mechanical quick-change devices. Operators only need to rotate a lever to complete the turn and leave the site, improving safety. It also reduces switching time and increases efficiency by independently implementing the locking and anti-detachment functions. This solves the problem of conventional mechanical quick-change devices where locking and anti-detachment mechanisms are simultaneously activated and deactivated, requiring operator presence for both attachment installation and disassembly. Attachment installation requires no operator intervention, and disassembly significantly reduces the workload for operators.

[0006] An attachment anti-detachment device for an electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system is provided. The attachment anti-detachment device is used for the connection and switching between the boom and the attachment of the electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system. It includes an upper coupling member and a lower coupling member, the upper coupling member being connected to the boom and the lower coupling member being connected to the attachment.

[0007] One end of the upper coupling member and one end of the lower coupling member have anti-loosening structures that cooperate with each other, and the other end of the upper coupling member and the other end of the lower coupling member have pins and slots with telescopic springs that cooperate with each other.

[0008] A rotatable locking mechanism is provided at the mating point between the pin with the telescopic spring and the slot. The locking mechanism has a first rotation direction and a second rotation direction. The locking mechanism includes a disassembly surface that matches the first rotation direction and a locking surface that matches the second rotation direction.

[0009] When the upper and lower coupling components are disassembled, the locking mechanism rotates to the first rotation direction, so that the disassembly surface abuts against the pin with the telescopic spring and pushes the pin with the telescopic spring to squeeze the spring out of the slot to unlock. When the upper and lower coupling components are locked, the locking mechanism rotates to the second rotation direction, so that the locking surface faces the pin with the telescopic spring and maintains a preset distance from the pin with the telescopic spring.

[0010] Furthermore, both the upper and lower coupling components are symmetrical structures; the anti-loosening structure connecting the upper and lower coupling components includes a hook plate and a coupling component pin; the hook plate is set on the upper coupling component, and the coupling component pin is set on the lower coupling component. The hook plate has a U-shaped opening, one side of which is recessed inward, and the coupling component pin is located inside the U-shaped opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper coupling member and the lower coupling member are connected to each other by a spring-loaded pin and a slot, which are respectively a stepped shaft assembly and a pin slot. The stepped shaft assembly is set on the upper coupling member, and the pin slot is set on the lower coupling member. The stepped shaft assembly includes a stepped shaft and a stepped shaft spring. There are two stepped shafts arranged symmetrically. The connection end of each stepped shaft and the stepped shaft spring has an annular step. The upper coupling member has an annular locking platform that matches the annular steps of the two stepped shafts. The ends of the stepped shafts on both sides of the stepped shaft spring are located between the two annular locking platforms.

[0012] When the stepped shaft spring is under the first compression or in its natural state, the end of the stepped shaft that is not connected to the stepped shaft spring extends into the pin groove. When the stepped shaft is compressed by external force to the stepped shaft spring to the second compression, the stepped shaft exits the pin groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower coupling component also includes a lower coupling component housing; the lower coupling component housing includes an attachment connection hole, a locking mechanism mounting base, and a guide surface;

[0014] The lower coupling component housing has a pin installed at one end, and a pin slot symmetrically arranged at the top of the other end of the housing and an attachment connection hole at the bottom. A guide surface is provided above the pin slot, which has a U-shaped opening. A locking mechanism mounting seat is located at the opening of the pin slot, and the locking mechanism mounting seat has a through pin hole. There are two locking mechanisms, each of which is installed in a locking mechanism mounting seat and can rotate within the locking mechanism mounting seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the first rotation direction of the locking mechanism is located at the first slot of the pull rod, and the second rotation direction of the locking mechanism is located at the second slot of the pull rod. The first slot and the second slot of the pull rod are opened at 90° to each other at the top of the lower coupling housing and above the locking mechanism mounting base.

[0016] Furthermore, the locking mechanism includes a flat key, a pull rod, a stop block, a pull rod spring, and a nut; the stop block includes a through hole and a keyway.

[0017] The stop block is in the shape of a right-angled trapezoid and has a through hole with a keyway on one side of the through hole.

[0018] The pull rod is an L-shaped rod, which has a long rod and a short rod. The long rod passes through the pin hole that runs through the upper and lower parts of the locking mechanism mounting base. The short rod is located in the first or second slot of the pull rod. The stop block is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod and fixed to the pull rod by a flat key. The lower end of the long rod of the pull rod has an external thread. The nut is screwed into the lower end of the long rod of the pull rod. The pull rod spring is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod, with one end abutting against the bottom of the lower coupling housing and the other end abutting against the nut.

[0019] Furthermore, both the disassembly surface and the locking surface of the locking mechanism are located on the stop block. The locking surface is set at the end opposite the stop block at a right angle. There are two disassembly surfaces, which are symmetrically connected and set on both sides of the locking surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the upper coupling component also includes an upper coupling component housing; the bottom ends of the upper coupling component housing are respectively provided with a pin hook plate and a stepped shaft assembly mounting seat, the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat contains a stepped shaft assembly, the annular mounting platform is set inside the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat, and the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat has an opening.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper coupling component also includes a first pin, a second pin, and a cover plate; the first pin and the second pin are respectively installed at the top ends of the upper coupling component housing, and the cover plate is fastened to the opening of the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat.

[0022] Furthermore, the guide surface is an inclined surface that slopes downward from the top of the lower coupling housing to the inner wall of the lower coupling housing.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] First, in this invention, when connecting the boom and attachments, the upper coupling member at the boom and the lower coupling member at the attachment do not require manual cooperation. Only when disassembling the attachment does manual operation of the rotating locking mechanism's disassembly surface need to be moved to the first rotation direction or the locking surface to the second rotation direction, thus achieving rapid locking and separation of the boom and attachments. When disassembling the attachments, because one end of the upper and lower coupling members is connected by an anti-loosening structure, after the disassembly surface of the locking mechanism pushes the spring-loaded pin out of the slot, the upper and lower coupling members remain connected. By operating the excavator and using external force, the operator moves the upper coupling member away from the loosening point of the lower coupling member. This invention achieves separation of the locking and anti-detachment functions of the upper and lower coupling members, so that locking and anti-detachment are no longer completed and released simultaneously. This greatly reduces the degree of human involvement in the attachment switching process of the quick-change device. The operator only needs to rotate the lever to complete the steering and leave the site, providing workers with time to leave the work area, improving safety, reducing switching time, and increasing efficiency.

[0025] Secondly, in a preferred embodiment, the pin hook plate of the present invention has a U-shaped opening, one side of which is recessed inward to prevent the coupling pin from coming loose from the pin hook plate. During disassembly, the pin hook plate is rotated at a certain angle along the coupling pin to disengage the pin hook plate from the coupling pin. In another embodiment, the pin hook plate has no recessed U-shaped opening design. During disassembly, the pin hook plate does not need to be rotated, the lower coupling component remains stationary, and the upper coupling component is moved forward and separated from the lower coupling component by operating the stick. The structure is simple and disassembly is more convenient.

[0026] Third, in the preferred implementation, the present invention involves lifting the short rod of the pull rod upwards, causing the stop block to move upwards and abut against the top surface inside the locking mechanism mounting seat. The pull rod is then rotated to the first slot, where the disassembly surface presses against the step shaft, disengaging it from the pin slot. The locking mechanism then unlocks the connection between the step shaft and the pin slot. The pull rod is then rotated to the second slot, with the locking surface facing the step shaft and maintaining a distance from it. The step shaft extends into the pin slot, locking the connection between the step shaft and the pin slot. The unlocking and locking processes of the locking mechanism are simple to operate, saving time and effort. After prolonged use, the spring force decreases. The clamping force of the pull rod spring can be adjusted by the nut at the bottom of the pull rod, ensuring the pull rod is tightly locked in the first or second slot, effectively preventing the pull rod from loosening. This structure also facilitates the replacement of the pull rod spring.

[0027] Fourth, in a preferred embodiment, the stepped shaft assembly mounting base of the present invention has an opening, a cover plate is fastened to the opening of the stepped shaft assembly mounting base, and the stepped shaft spring is located inside the opening of the stepped shaft assembly mounting base. The stepped shaft and the stepped shaft spring are easily replaced by the detachable cover plate. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper and lower coupling components of the anti-detachment quick-change device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention in the locked state;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structure of the upper and lower coupling members of the anti-detachment quick-change device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in their unlocked states. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structure of the upper and lower coupling members of the anti-detachment quick-change device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in their unlocked states. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structure of the upper and lower coupling members of the anti-detachment quick-change device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in their unlocked states. Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural view of a partial cross-section of the upper coupling member of the anti-detachment quick-change device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower coupling component of the anti-detachment quick-change device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower coupling member and attachment assembly state of the anti-detachment quick-change device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper and lower coupling parts of the anti-detachment quick-change device of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, showing their assembly states with the boom and attachments, respectively.

[0036] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the locking mechanism of the lower coupling member of the anti-detachment quick-change device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the stop block of the anti-detachment quick-change device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0038] Wherein, 1-upper coupling component; 10-upper coupling component housing; 100-pin hook plate; 11-first pin shaft; 12-second pin shaft; 13-cover plate; 14-step shaft assembly; 140-step shaft; 141-step shaft spring; 2-lower coupling component; 20-lower coupling component pin shaft; 21-lower coupling component housing; 210-pin shaft slot; 211-attachment connection hole; 212-locking mechanism mounting base; 213-pull rod first slot; 214-guide surface; 215-pull rod second slot; 22-locking mechanism; 220-flat key; 221-pull rod; 222-stop block; 2220-through hole; 2221-keyway; 2222-disassembly surface; 2223-locking surface; 223-pull rod spring; 224-nut. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] The directional terms such as above, below, left, right, front, and back used in this application are based on the positional relationships shown in the attached drawings. Different attached drawings may result in different positional relationships, therefore they should not be interpreted as limitations on the scope of protection.

[0041] In this application, the terms "installation," "connection," "interlocking," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components. They can also refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. They can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 An anti-detachment device for an electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system attachment includes an upper coupling member 1 and a lower coupling member 2. The upper coupling member 1 is connected to the boom, and the lower coupling member 2 is connected to the attachment.

[0044] One end of the upper coupling member 1 and one end of the lower coupling member 2 have anti-loosening structures that cooperate with each other, and the other end of the upper coupling member 1 and the other end of the lower coupling member 2 have pins and slots with telescopic springs that cooperate with each other.

[0045] A rotatable locking mechanism is also provided at the mating point between the pin with the telescopic spring and the slot. The locking mechanism has a first rotation direction and a second rotation direction. The locking mechanism includes a disassembly surface that matches the first rotation direction and a locking surface that matches the second rotation direction.

[0046] When the upper coupling member 1 and the lower coupling member 2 are disassembled, the locking mechanism rotates to the first rotation direction, so that the disassembly surface abuts against the pin with the telescopic spring and pushes the pin with the telescopic spring to squeeze the spring out of the slot to unlock. When the upper coupling member 1 and the lower coupling member 2 are locked, the locking mechanism rotates to the second rotation direction, so that the locking surface faces the pin with the telescopic spring and maintains a preset distance from the pin with the telescopic spring.

[0047] Using the structure of this embodiment, when connecting the stick and attachment, no manual cooperation is required through the upper coupling member 1 at the stick and the lower coupling member 2 at the attachment. Only when disassembling the attachment does it require manual operation to rotate the locking mechanism to the first rotation direction or rotate the locking surface to the second rotation direction, which can quickly lock and separate the stick and attachment. When disassembling the attachment, since one end of the upper coupling member 1 and the lower coupling member 2 are connected by an anti-loosening structure, it is ensured that after the locking mechanism pushes the pin with the telescopic spring out of the slot, the upper coupling member 1 and the lower coupling member 2 are still connected. By operating the excavator, the operator can use external force to move the upper coupling member 1 away from the loosening and disengagement point of the lower coupling member 2, thereby separating the upper coupling member 1 from the lower coupling member 2, providing workers with time to leave the work site and ensuring worker safety.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 2-6 Based on Embodiment 1, both the upper coupling member 1 and the lower coupling member 2 are symmetrical structures. The upper coupling member 1 includes an upper coupling member housing 10, a first pin 11, a second pin 12, a cover plate 13, and a stepped shaft assembly 14. The lower coupling member 2 includes a lower coupling member pin 20, a lower coupling member housing 21, and a locking mechanism 22.

[0050] The bottom ends of the upper coupling housing 10 are respectively a pin hook plate 110 and a stepped shaft assembly mounting seat. The stepped shaft assembly mounting seat has a cylindrical hole, and the stepped shaft assembly 14 is installed in the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat. The top ends of the upper coupling housing 10 are respectively equipped with a first pin 11 and a second pin 12, which are used to connect the excavator's stick. The stepped shaft assembly mounting seat has an opening, and a cover plate 13 is fastened to the opening of the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat. Fasteners can be used to connect the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat and the cover plate 13.

[0051] The stepped shaft assembly 14 includes a stepped shaft 140 and a stepped shaft spring 141. Two stepped shafts 140 are symmetrically arranged, each mounted at one end of the stepped shaft spring 141 and located within the stepped shaft assembly mounting base. Each stepped shaft 140 has an annular step at its connection end with the stepped shaft spring 141. The stepped shaft assembly mounting base has annular retaining plates that match the annular steps of the two stepped shafts 140, such that the ends of the stepped shafts 140 on both sides of the stepped shaft spring 141 are located between the two annular retaining plates of the stepped shaft assembly mounting base. Under a preset first compression amount or in its natural state, the stepped shaft spring 141 prevents the connection ends of the two stepped shafts 140 from extending beyond the side of the stepped shaft assembly mounting base. When the two stepped shafts 140 are compressed by external force to the stepped shaft spring 141 to a second compression amount, the portions of the two stepped shafts 140 located outside the stepped shaft assembly mounting base move into the stepped shaft assembly mounting base. The stepped shaft spring 141 is located at the opening of the stepped shaft assembly mounting base, and the stepped shaft 140 and the stepped shaft spring 141 can be easily replaced through the removable cover plate 13.

[0052] A lower coupling pin 20 is installed at one end of the lower coupling housing 21. The lower coupling pin 20 is connected to a hook plate 110. The hook plate 110 has a U-shaped opening, and the coupling pin 20 is located inside the U-shaped opening. One side of the U-shaped opening is recessed inward to prevent the coupling pin 20 from detaching from the hook plate 110. During disassembly, the hook plate 110 is rotated along the coupling pin 20 by a certain angle to disengage the hook plate 110 from the coupling pin 20. The other end of the lower coupling housing 21 has symmetrically arranged pin slots 210 at its top. Above the pin slots 210 is a guide surface 214. The guide surface 214 is an inclined surface that slopes downward from the top of the lower coupling housing 21 to the inner wall of the lower coupling housing 21, which facilitates the smooth sliding of the stepped shaft 140 into the pin slot 210 along the guide surface 214 when the upper coupling 1 and the lower coupling 2 are installed. The pin slot 210 has a U-shaped opening, and a locking mechanism mounting seat 212 is located at the opening of the pin slot 210. The locking mechanism mounting seat 212 has a pin hole that runs vertically through the pin. There are two locking mechanisms 22, each of which is installed in a locking mechanism mounting seat 212 and can rotate within the locking mechanism mounting seat 212. The other end of the lower coupling housing 21 has an attachment connection hole 211.

[0053] In another implementation, the U-shaped opening of the hook plate 110 does not have an inward retraction structure. When disassembling, the hook plate 110 does not need to be rotated, the lower coupling member 2 remains stationary, and the upper coupling member 1 is moved forward by operating the boom. The hook plate 110 and the coupling member pin 20 generate relative displacement, so that the upper coupling member 1 and the lower coupling member 2 are separated. This structure is simple and disassembly is more convenient.

[0054] The top of the lower coupling housing 21, above the locking mechanism mounting base 212, has a first pull rod slot 213 and a second pull rod slot 215, which are at 90° to each other. The first pull rod slot 213 is the first rotation direction of the locking mechanism 22, and the second pull rod slot 215 is the second rotation direction of the locking mechanism 22. The locking mechanism 22 rotates into the first pull rod slot 213 and the second pull rod slot 215 for limiting.

[0055] In this embodiment, the width of the lower coupling housing 21 is greater than the width of the upper coupling housing 10. The lower half of the upper coupling housing 10 is housed in the lower coupling housing 21, making the overall structure of the upper coupling 1 and the lower coupling 2 compact after locking.

[0056] Using this structure in this embodiment, the operator first inserts the locking mechanism 22 into the second slot 215 of the pull rod, ensuring that the locking surface of the locking mechanism 22 faces the stepped shaft 140 and maintains a preset distance from the stepped shaft 140. The operator then connects the hook plate 110 and the coupling pin 20 inside the excavator. Next, the operator presses the upper coupling 1 with the stick, causing the stepped shaft 140 to slide smoothly into the pin slot 210 along the guide surface 214, achieving rapid locking. The operator then inserts the locking mechanism 22 into the pull rod. The first slot 213 causes the disassembly surface of the locking mechanism 22 to press the stepped shaft 140 into the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat and exit the pin slot 210, thus achieving quick unlocking. The U-shaped opening end of the pin hook plate 110 has an inward-shrinking structure, which can effectively prevent the upper coupling part 1 and the lower coupling part 2 from separating when the locking mechanism 22 is unlocked. By operating the stick to rotate the U-shaped opening of the pin hook plate 110 to a suitable position, the upper coupling part 1 and the lower coupling part 2 can be separated, saving time and effort and protecting the safety of personnel at the construction site.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] Refer to the instruction manual appendix Figure 7-8 Based on Embodiment 2, the locking mechanism 22 in this embodiment includes a flat key 220, a pull rod 221, a stop block 222, a pull rod spring 223 and a nut 224. The stop block 222 includes a through hole 2220, a keyway 2221, a disassembly surface 2222 and a locking surface 2223.

[0059] The stop block 222 is in the shape of a right trapezoid and has a through hole 2220. A keyway 2221 is opened on one side of the through hole 2220 for installing a flat key 220. The locking surface 2223 is located at the end opposite the right angle to the stop block 222. There are two disassembly surfaces 2222, which are symmetrically arranged and connected to the two sides of the locking surface 2223.

[0060] The pull rod 221 is an L-shaped rod with a long rod and a short rod. The long rod of the pull rod 221 passes through the pin hole that runs vertically through the locking mechanism mounting base 212. The short rod of the pull rod 221 is located in the first groove 213 or the second groove 215 of the pull rod. The stop block 222 is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod 221 and fixed to the pull rod 221 by a flat key 220. The lower end of the long rod of the pull rod 221 has an external thread. The nut 224 is screwed into the lower end of the long rod of the pull rod 221. The pull rod spring 223 is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod 221, with one end abutting against the bottom of the lower coupling housing 21 and the other end abutting against the nut 224. Preferably, the height of the stop block 222 is less than the width of the U-shaped opening of the pin groove 210, and the diameter of the pull rod 221 is less than the diameter of the pin hole of the locking mechanism mounting base 212.

[0061] Using this structure, when the short rod of the pull rod 221 is pulled upward, the stop block 222 moves upward and abuts against the inner top surface of the locking mechanism mounting base 212. The pull rod 221 is rotated to the first groove 213, and the disassembly surface 2222 presses the stepped shaft 140 out of the pin groove 210. The locking mechanism 22 unlocks the connection between the stepped shaft 140 and the pin groove 210. The pull rod 221 is then rotated to the second groove 215, and the locking surface 2223 faces the stepped shaft 140 and remains in contact with it. The stepped shaft 140 extends into the pin slot 210, locking the connection between the stepped shaft 140 and the pin slot 210. The unlocking and locking process of the locking mechanism 22 is simple to operate, saving time and effort. After long-term use, the spring force decreases. The clamping force of the pull rod spring 223 can be adjusted by the nut at the bottom of the pull rod 221, so that the pull rod 221 is tightly locked in the first pull rod slot 213 or the second pull rod slot 215, effectively preventing the pull rod 221 from loosening. At the same time, this structure makes it easy to replace the pull rod spring 223.

[0062] This invention separates the locking and anti-detachment functions of a mechanical quick-change device, eliminating the simultaneous locking and unlocking of these functions. This significantly reduces operator involvement during attachment switching in conventional mechanical quick-change devices; operators only need to rotate the lever to complete the turn and leave, improving safety. It also reduces switching time and increases efficiency, resolving the problems of simultaneous locking and unlocking of the locking and anti-detachment mechanisms in conventional mechanical quick-change devices, and the danger of requiring operator presence for both attachment installation and disassembly. Attachment installation requires no operator intervention, and disassembly significantly reduces operator workload.

[0063] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics of the solutions is not described in detail here. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for preventing attachment detachment in an electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system, the device being used for connection and switching between the boom and attachments in the electromechanical-hydraulic quick-change system; characterized in that, It includes an upper coupling member (1) and a lower coupling member (2), the upper coupling member (1) being connected to the boom, and the lower coupling member (2) being connected to the attachment; One end of the upper coupling member (1) and one end of the lower coupling member (2) have anti-loosening structures that cooperate with each other. The other end of the upper coupling member (1) and the other end of the lower coupling member (2) have pins and slots with telescopic springs that cooperate with each other. A rotatable locking mechanism is provided at the joint of the pins and slots with telescopic springs. The pins and slots are respectively a stepped shaft assembly (14) and a pin slot (210). The stepped shaft assembly (14) is set on the upper coupling member (1), and the pin slot (210) is set on the lower coupling member (2). The pin slot (210) is a U-shaped opening. A locking mechanism mounting seat (212) is located at the opening of the pin slot (210). The locking mechanism mounting seat (212) has a pin hole that runs through the top and bottom. Each locking mechanism is installed in a locking mechanism mounting seat (212) and can rotate in the locking mechanism mounting seat (212). The locking mechanism has a first rotation direction and a second rotation direction. The first rotation direction of the locking mechanism is located at the first slot (213) of the pull rod, and the second rotation direction of the locking mechanism is located at the second slot (215) of the pull rod. The first slot (213) and the second slot (215) of the pull rod are opened at 90° to each other at the top of the lower coupling box (21) and above the locking mechanism mounting base (212). The locking mechanism includes a disassembly surface matching the first rotation direction and a locking surface matching the second rotation direction; the locking mechanism also includes a pull rod (221) and a stop (222). The pull rod (221) is an L-shaped rod with a long rod and a short rod. The long rod of the pull rod (221) passes through the pin hole that runs vertically through the locking mechanism mounting base (212). The short rod of the pull rod (221) is located in the first groove (213) or the second groove (215) of the pull rod. The stop (222) is fixed on the long rod of the pull rod (221). The disassembly surface and the locking surface of the locking mechanism are both located on the stop (222). When the upper coupling member (1) and the lower coupling member (2) are disassembled, the locking mechanism is rotated to the first rotation direction so that the disassembly surface abuts against the pin with the telescopic spring and pushes the pin with the telescopic spring to squeeze the spring out of the slot to unlock. When the upper coupling member (1) and the lower coupling member (2) are locked, the locking mechanism is rotated to the second rotation direction so that the locking surface faces the pin with the telescopic spring and maintains a preset distance from the pin with the telescopic spring.

2. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper coupling member (1) and the lower coupling member (2) are symmetrical structures. The anti-loosening structure of the upper coupling member (1) and the lower coupling member (2) is connected to each other, including a hook plate (110) and a coupling member pin (20). The hook plate (110) is set on the upper coupling member (1), and the coupling member pin (20) is set on the lower coupling member (2). The hook plate (110) has a U-shaped opening, one side of which is recessed inward. The coupling member pin (20) is located inside the U-shaped opening.

3. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stepped shaft assembly (14) includes a stepped shaft (140) and a stepped shaft spring (141); there are two stepped shafts (140) arranged symmetrically, and each stepped shaft (140) has an annular step at the connection end with the stepped shaft spring (141). The upper coupling member (1) has an annular locking platform that matches the annular steps of the two stepped shafts (140). The ends of the stepped shafts (140) on both sides of the stepped shaft spring (141) are located between the two annular locking platforms. When the stepped shaft spring (141) is under the first compression amount or in its natural state, the end of the stepped shaft (140) that is not connected to the stepped shaft spring (141) extends into the pin groove (210). When the stepped shaft (140) is squeezed by external force to the stepped shaft spring (141) to the second compression amount, the stepped shaft (140) exits the pin groove (210).

4. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower coupling member (2) also includes a lower coupling member housing (21); the lower coupling member housing (21) includes an attachment connection hole (211), a locking mechanism mounting base (212), and a guide surface (214); The lower coupling housing (21) has a lower coupling pin (20) installed at one end, and the other end of the lower coupling housing (21) has a symmetrically arranged pin slot (210) at the top and an attachment connection hole (211) at the bottom. The pin slot (210) has a guide surface (214) above it; there are two locking mechanisms.

5. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking mechanism also includes a flat key (220), a pull rod spring (223) and a nut (224). The stop block (222) includes a through hole (2220) and a keyway (2221). The stop block (222) is in the shape of a right trapezoid. The stop block (222) has a through hole (2220) and a keyway (2221) is opened on one side of the through hole (2220). The stop block (222) is fixed to the pull rod (221) by the flat key (220). The lower end of the long rod of the pull rod (221) has an external thread. The nut (224) is screwed to the lower end of the long rod of the pull rod (221). The pull rod spring (223) is sleeved on the long rod of the pull rod (221) and one end abuts against the bottom of the lower coupling box (21), and the other end abuts against the nut (224).

6. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking surface is located at the end opposite the right angle to the stop (222). There are two disassembly surfaces, which are symmetrically connected on both sides of the locking surface.

7. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper coupling component (1) also includes an upper coupling component housing (10); the bottom ends of the upper coupling component housing (10) are respectively provided with a pin hook plate (110) and a step shaft assembly mounting seat, the step shaft assembly mounting seat is equipped with a step shaft assembly (14), the annular mounting plate is set in the step shaft assembly mounting seat, and the step shaft assembly mounting seat has an opening.

8. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper coupling component (1) also includes a first pin (11), a second pin (12) and a cover plate (13); the first pin (11) and the second pin (12) are respectively installed at the top ends of the upper coupling component housing (10), and the cover plate (13) is fastened to the opening of the stepped shaft assembly mounting seat.

9. The attachment anti-detachment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide surface (214) is an inclined surface that slopes downward from the top of the lower coupling housing (21) to the inner wall of the lower coupling housing (21).

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