Variable stiffness post-earthquake damage-free low prestress self-centering seismic device

Abstract

The application provides a variable stiffness-post-earthquake damage-free low prestress self-resetting damping device, belonging to the technical field of damping devices, comprising an outer tube and an inner tube movably inserted into the outer tube at one end; four baffles are sequentially arranged in the inner part of the outer tube, and a cavity is formed between two adjacent baffles; elastic reset members are arranged in the cavities at both ends; the inner tube movably passes through the baffles and the elastic reset members; two baffles of the cavity in the middle are respectively connected with displacement amplification mechanisms, and the two displacement amplification mechanisms are respectively connected with lead extrusion damping mechanisms. The application realizes the functions of variable stiffness and displacement amplification, and can realize excellent characteristics such as post-earthquake damage-free, fatigue resistance, long durability and corrosion resistance; the initial prestress level of the device is reduced; the installation space requirement is reduced; the energy dissipation capacity of the lead extrusion damping mechanism is enhanced, the shortcomings of insufficient displacement capacity of the reset system are compensated, the flexibility of the device is improved, and the anti-seismic performance of the device is enhanced.

Description

Variable stiffness - low prestress self-resetting damping device that is free from post-earthquake damage Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration damping device technology, specifically to a low-prestress self-resetting vibration damping device with variable stiffness and post-earthquake damage-free operation. Background Technology

[0002] Ductile seismic resistance systems and seismic isolation systems are widely used in the seismic design of buildings and bridges, with the design objective of "no damage in minor earthquakes, repairable in moderate earthquakes, and no collapse in major earthquakes." However, these two design methods have the shortcoming of not fully considering the post-earthquake functional recoverability of structures. Therefore, self-resetting systems have emerged and attracted widespread attention. Their implementation paths mainly include swaying self-resetting systems and systems with additional self-resetting damping devices. The latter has gained significant attention because it can be applied to both new and existing structures. The core component of this system is the self-resetting damping device, which dissipates seismic input energy through damping components and accelerates the recovery of normal post-earthquake functionality through reset components, significantly reducing bridge damage and shortening post-earthquake repair time.

[0003] Self-resetting vibration damping devices primarily employ three types of reset mechanisms: shape memory alloys, prestressed tendons, and preloaded springs. Shape memory alloys, with recoverable strain reaching 10%, significantly greater than ordinary steel (2%), and possessing a certain energy dissipation capacity, can serve as core components for self-resetting. Self-resetting vibration damping devices based on prestressed tendons use high-strength steel strands with applied initial tension as the reset element. Spring-based self-resetting vibration damping devices are similar, using high-strength steel disc springs with applied preload as the reset element. All three utilize the elastic restoring force of the material to provide self-resetting capability.

[0004] Existing self-resetting damping devices mainly dissipate energy in two ways: velocity-type dampers and displacement-type dampers. The former dissipates seismic energy through viscous liquids or viscoelastic materials, and its energy dissipation capacity is related to both velocity and displacement; the latter dissipates energy through metal shear or buckling deformation and friction, and its energy dissipation capacity is mainly related to displacement. Connecting the reset component and the energy dissipation component forms a self-resetting damping device with a flag-shaped hysteresis curve.

[0005] Self-resetting damping devices based on shape memory alloys are difficult to promote and apply in practical engineering due to their high cost and large temperature influence; the deformation capacity of prestressed tendons and preloaded springs is insufficient, making it difficult to fully utilize the energy dissipation capacity of commonly used dampers.

[0006] Existing metal buckling and shear energy dissipation components have a constant post-buckling stiffness, making it difficult to achieve the ideal working mechanism of sufficient energy dissipation under small to medium earthquakes and limiting energy during large earthquakes. Furthermore, their internal force redistribution after recovery and poor fatigue resistance make them unable to perform their original function effectively and prone to damage, requiring timely replacement. Friction dampers inevitably experience aging of the friction surface and loosening of preload bolts after prolonged use, leading to unstable energy dissipation capacity. Viscous dampers and viscoelastic dampers are rarely used as energy dissipation components due to their high cost and maintenance requirements.

[0007] To achieve complete self-resetting of the structure after an earthquake, current technologies require that the elastic restoring force provided by the self-resetting component be greater than the yield force of the energy dissipation component. This results in existing devices needing a high level of initial prestress. This characteristic severely limits the promotion and application of self-resetting damping devices because: 1) prestress loss is severe after long-term use; 2) the internal forces between different parts of the device are large, making it difficult to design connectors and resulting in high costs; 3) it is difficult to apply initial prestress. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable stiffness, low prestress self-resetting vibration damping device that can significantly reduce the initial prestress level of the device, reduce the installation space requirement, realize the variable stiffness characteristics of the device, and enhance the energy dissipation and limiting ability of the lead extrusion damping mechanism, so as to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A variable stiffness, post-earthquake damage-free, low-prestress self-resetting damping device includes:

[0011] An outer tube and an inner tube that can be movably inserted into the outer tube; one end of the outer tube is provided with an outer tube end plate, and the other end of the inner tube is provided with an inner tube end plate; four baffles are arranged sequentially inside the outer tube, and a cavity is formed between two adjacent baffles;

[0012] Each of the two cavities located at both ends is provided with an elastic reset member. The two ends of the elastic reset member are respectively connected to a first retaining plate and a second retaining plate. The first retaining plate is located at the end near the inner tube end plate.

[0013] The inner tube can movably pass through the baffle, the elastic reset member, and the second retaining plate, and the first retaining plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner tube;

[0014] The two baffles in the middle cavity are respectively connected to a displacement amplification mechanism, and the two displacement amplification mechanisms are respectively connected to a lead extrusion damping mechanism, which is connected to the outer tube.

[0015] Optionally, the lead extrusion damping mechanism includes a sleeve detachably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube, the sleeve having an extrusion chamber filled with lead; the extrusion chamber having an extrusion disc connected to a force transmission shaft, the force transmission shaft being movably connected to the displacement amplification mechanism after passing through the sleeve.

[0016] Optionally, the displacement amplification mechanism includes a first link, a second link hinged to one end of the first link, and a third link hinged to the other end of the second link.

[0017] Optionally, the other end of the first link is connected to the force transmission shaft, and the other end of the third link is fixedly connected to the baffle.

[0018] Optionally, the extrusion disc is connected to the force transmission shaft by a first fixing bolt, and the other end of the force transmission shaft can movably pass through the sleeve and the outer tube, and extend into the cavity located in the middle to connect to the first connecting rod; two extrusion blocks are symmetrically arranged inside the extrusion cavity; the sleeve is connected to the outer tube by a second fixing bolt.

[0019] Optionally, the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the force transmission shaft via a third fixing bolt.

[0020] Optionally, the first link is connected to the second link via a first hinge bolt; the second link is connected to the third link via a second hinge bolt.

[0021] Optionally, the elastic reset element is a disc spring.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The reset damping device, which combines the lead extrusion energy dissipation mechanism with the self-resetting system, can achieve excellent characteristics such as no post-vibration damage, fatigue resistance, long durability, and corrosion resistance; the application of the rate-related characteristics of the lead extrusion damper in the self-resetting device can significantly reduce the initial prestress level of the device; the disc-type lead extrusion damper can significantly reduce the installation space requirement; and the use of a displacement amplification mechanism as the connection method between the reset system and the lead extrusion damping mechanism realizes the variable stiffness characteristics of the device, which can enhance the energy dissipation and limiting capabilities of the lead extrusion damping mechanism.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 is a diagram of the internal structure of the variable stiffness-earthquake-damage-free low prestress self-resetting damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the variable stiffness-earthquake-damage-free low prestress self-resetting damping device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the displacement amplification mechanism included in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 shows the rate correlation test results of the lead extrusion damper included in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the axial force-displacement relationship curve according to an embodiment of the present invention (without considering the variable stiffness characteristics of the device).

[0030] Figure 6 is a force-displacement relationship curve of the device after the start of deformation according to the embodiment of the present invention (considering the variable stiffness characteristics of the device).

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the variable stiffness-earthquake-damage-free low prestress self-resetting damping device in a building frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the variable stiffness-earthquake-free low prestress self-resetting damping device in a bridge structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Wherein: 1-Outer tube; 2-Inner tube; 3-Outer tube end plate; 4-Inner tube end plate; 5-Baffle; 6-First clamping plate; 7-Second clamping plate; 8-Displacement amplification mechanism; 9-Lead extrusion damping mechanism; 10-Sleeve; 11-Extrusion chamber; 12-Extrusion disc; 13-Force transmission shaft; 14-First connecting rod; 15-Second connecting rod; 16-Third connecting rod; 17-First fixing bolt; 18-Extrusion stop block; 19-Second fixing bolt; 20-Third fixing bolt; 21-First hinge bolt; 22-Second hinge bolt; 23-Elastic reset component; 24-Rib plate; 25-Frame beam; 26-Frame column; 27-Variable stiffness low prestress self-resetting damping device that is free from post-earthquake damage; 28-Main beam; 29-Pier; 30-Support. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0036] It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as here.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or groups thereof.

[0038] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0040] In the description of this specification, the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this technology and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this technology.

[0041] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this art according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0043] Those skilled in the art should understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of embodiments, and the components in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing the present invention.

[0044] To address the problems of existing technologies, such as constant post-buckling stiffness, need for replacement after earthquakes, insufficient durability and fatigue resistance, difficulty in fully utilizing the energy dissipation capacity of dampers, and high prestress levels, and to enhance the seismic performance and engineering application value of existing technologies, this embodiment proposes a variable stiffness, post-earthquake-free, low-prestress self-resetting damping device.

[0045] Given the shortcomings of existing technologies, the variable stiffness, post-earthquake damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device in this embodiment employs a displacement amplification mechanism to connect the self-resetting component and the energy-dissipating component. Through a reasonable structural design, it achieves variable stiffness characteristics of sufficient energy dissipation under small to medium earthquakes and limited positioning under large earthquakes. The energy-dissipating component uses a lead-extended damper, which can achieve post-earthquake self-resetting and damage-free characteristics at a relatively low prestress level, and has good fatigue resistance and durability. The lead-extended damper is designed as a disc, which can significantly reduce the size of the device and enhance design flexibility when installation space is limited. It can be widely applied to the construction and seismic reinforcement of building structures, highway and railway bridges.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, this embodiment provides a low-prestress self-resetting damping device with variable stiffness and no post-earthquake damage. A variable stiffness, post-earthquake damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device includes: an outer tube 1 and an inner tube 2 that extends into the outer tube 1 at one end; an outer tube end plate 3 is provided at one end of the outer tube 1, and an inner tube end plate 4 is provided at the other end of the inner tube 2; four baffles 5 are arranged sequentially inside the outer tube 1, and a cavity is formed between two adjacent baffles 5; an elastic reset member 23 is provided in each of the two cavities at both ends, and a first clamping plate 6 and a second clamping plate 7 are respectively connected to the two ends of the elastic reset member 23, with the first clamping plate 6 located at the end near the inner tube end plate 4; the inner tube 2 can movably pass through the baffles 5, the elastic reset member 23, and the second clamping plate 7, and the first clamping plate 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner tube 2; a displacement amplification mechanism 8 is respectively connected to the two baffles 5 in the middle cavity, and a lead compression damping mechanism 9 is respectively connected to the two displacement amplification mechanisms 8, which are connected to the outer tube 1.

[0047] The lead extrusion damping mechanism 9 includes a sleeve 10 detachably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube. The sleeve 10 has an extrusion chamber 11 filled with lead. The extrusion chamber 11 has an extrusion disc 12 connected to the extrusion disc 12. The extrusion disc 12 is connected to a force transmission shaft 13. The force transmission shaft 13 can move through the sleeve 10 and connect to the displacement amplification mechanism 8.

[0048] The displacement amplification mechanism 8 includes a first connecting rod 14, a second connecting rod 15 hinged to one end of the first connecting rod 14, and a third connecting rod 16 hinged to the other end of the second connecting rod 15. The other end of the first connecting rod 14 is connected to the force transmission shaft 13, and the other end of the third connecting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the baffle 5.

[0049] The extrusion disc 12 is connected to the force transmission shaft 13 by a first fixing bolt 17. The other end of the force transmission shaft 13 movably passes through the sleeve 10 and the outer tube 1, extending into the cavity located in the middle and connecting to the first connecting rod 14. Two extrusion blocks 18 are symmetrically arranged inside the extrusion cavity 11. The sleeve 10 is connected to the outer tube 1 by a second fixing bolt 19. The other end of the first connecting rod 14 is connected to the force transmission shaft 13 by a third fixing bolt 20.

[0050] The first link 14 is connected to the second link 15 via the first hinge bolt 21; the second link 15 is connected to the third link 16 via the second hinge bolt 22.

[0051] The elastic reset element 23 is a disc spring.

[0052] The device mainly consists of a self-resetting system, a lead-pressed damping mechanism, and a displacement amplification mechanism. These three components deform in tandem to jointly bear external forces. The self-resetting system includes disc springs, a freely movable baffle (a second clamping plate 7 not fixedly connected to the inner tube), an inner tube 2, an inner tube stop (the baffle close to the first clamping plate in Figure 1), an outer tube 1, an outer tube stop (the baffle close to the second clamping plate in Figure 1), an inner tube end plate 4, and an outer tube end plate 3. The disc springs are placed in pairs, forming two groups. The inner tube end plate 3 is welded to the left end of the inner tube 2. To prevent overall instability of the device, a rib plate 24 is added between the inner tube end plate 3 and the inner tube 2. The inner tube 2 is passed through the central circular hole of the disc springs, the freely movable baffle, and the inner tube stop. An initial prestress is applied to the target level using a hydraulic press. The inner tube stop is then welded, thus forming the self-resetting system.

[0053] The lead extrusion damping mechanism includes an extrusion disc 12, an extrusion chamber 11, an extrusion stop 18, a force transmission shaft 13, a first fixing bolt 17, a sleeve 10, and a second fixing bolt 19. The force transmission shaft 13 is connected to the extrusion disc 12 by the first fixing bolt 17 and placed in the sleeve 10. The internal lead filling uses factory-prefabricated lead blocks, and the lead extrusion reduces the porosity to provide stable energy dissipation capacity. The lead blocks are placed in the extrusion chamber 11 and fixed to the sleeve 10 by the second fixing bolt 19, thus forming the lead extrusion damping mechanism.

[0054] The displacement amplification mechanism includes a first connecting rod 14, a second connecting rod 15, a third connecting rod 16, a third fixing bolt 20, a first hinge bolt 21, and a second hinge bolt 22. After connecting the lead extrusion energy dissipation device 2 to the outer tube 13 via the second fixing bolt 27, the force transmission shaft 13 is connected to the first connecting rod 14 using the third fixing bolt 20. The first connecting rod 14 is connected to the second connecting rod 15 using the first hinge bolt 21, and the second connecting rod 15 is connected to the third connecting rod 16 using the second hinge bolt 22. Then, the third connecting rod 16 is welded to the inner tube stop. Finally, the two side plates of the outer tube are welded together to form a variable stiffness, post-earthquake damage-free, low-prestress recovery damping device.

[0055] Variable stiffness, low prestress self-resetting damping device with post-earthquake damage prevention can be installed between piers and beams for damping. Considering the space constraints of actual installation, the height of the outer tube should not exceed the height between the pier and beam (600mm); the length and width are designed according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the pier top, usually between 1000mm and 3000mm. For the freely movable baffle, inner tube, inner tube stop, outer tube, outer tube stop, inner tube end plate, outer tube end plate, first connecting rod, second connecting rod, and third connecting rod, since they need to transmit the force of the device, it is recommended to use high-strength Q345 steel; the disc spring and sleeve, due to the strong friction during tension and compression, should be lubricated with molybdenum disulfide and polytetrafluoroethylene respectively; to prevent lead leakage during the extrusion damping mechanism, polytetrafluoroethylene plates should be installed on the extrusion disc, extrusion stop, and sleeve for dynamic sealing. To ensure the device has good self-resetting and energy dissipation capabilities, the initial prestress of the disc spring should be between 105% and 150% of the total deformation force of the lead compression damping mechanism. To minimize overall space requirements and reduce disc spring friction, it is recommended to use large-diameter disc springs with supporting surfaces. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase pre-made Type A disc springs with a recommended diameter of 200mm to 500mm and a single disc spring load capacity of 183kN to 875kN.

[0056] In summary, compared to existing technologies, this invention employs a synergistic deformation mechanism connecting an axial tension-compression self-resetting system and a disc-type damper (lead extrusion damping mechanism). This design enables the self-resetting system to undergo axial deformation during an earthquake, causing the disc-type damper to rotate and the second connecting rod to tilt. This decomposes the axial force, significantly increasing the axial force demand of the lead extrusion damper, thus achieving variable stiffness characteristics. This characteristic allows the device to have lower stiffness under medium and small earthquakes to reduce the internal force response of bridge piers, while significantly increasing stiffness under large earthquakes to prevent excessive displacement, especially reducing bridge beam collapse damage. It possesses an ideal working mechanism, achieving better seismic isolation and limiting effects compared to existing technologies. Compared to existing technologies, this invention uses lead plastic flow as an energy dissipation mechanism. Due to lead's excellent durability and corrosion resistance, the device can be used for a long time. Furthermore, lead's dynamic recovery and recrystallization characteristics give the device excellent fatigue resistance. By combining it with the self-resetting system, the device can be completely undamaged after an earthquake. This invention utilizes the rate-dependent characteristics of the deformation force demand of lead extrusion dampers, enabling them to provide stable energy dissipation capacity under seismic loading. The initial prestress level required for post-earthquake recovery is significantly reduced compared to existing technologies, greatly lowering the device cost while maintaining stable energy dissipation. Unlike existing recovery damping devices, this invention uses a displacement amplification mechanism as the connection between the recovery system and the lead extrusion damping mechanism. This allows for full utilization of the energy dissipation capacity of the lead extrusion damping mechanism even with limited displacement capacity in the recovery system, improving the design flexibility of the device and enhancing its seismic performance. Unlike existing cylindrical lead extrusion dampers, this invention designs it as a disc type, significantly reducing the device size and providing displacement amplification under reciprocating seismic loading, thus enhancing the device's energy dissipation capacity.

[0057] This invention, as a replacement for ordinary dampers and existing self-resetting damping devices, requires no major modifications to the structure itself and can be widely applied to the seismic design of new structures and the seismic strengthening of existing structures. Figure 7 shows one arrangement of its use in a frame structure, in which the two ends of the variable stiffness-seismic-damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device 27 are connected between the frame beam 25 and the frame column 26. As shown in Figure 8, one arrangement of its use in a bridge structure is shown, in which the variable stiffness-seismic-damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device 27 is connected between the main beam 28 and the support 30, which is located on the pier 29.

[0058] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness, post-earthquake damage-free, low-prestress self-resetting damping device, characterized in that, include: An outer tube (1) and an inner tube (2) that extends into the outer tube (1) at one end; one end of the outer tube (1) is provided with an outer tube end plate (3), and the other end of the inner tube (2) is provided with an inner tube end plate (4); four baffles (5) are arranged sequentially inside the outer tube (1), and a cavity is formed between two adjacent baffles (5); an elastic reset member (23) is provided in each of the two cavities at both ends, and the two ends of the elastic reset member (23) are respectively connected to a first clamping plate (6) and a second clamping plate (7), the first clamping plate (6) and the second clamping plate (7) are respectively connected to the two ends of the elastic reset member (23). 6) Located at one end near the inner tube end plate (4); the inner tube (2) movably passes through the baffle (5), the elastic reset member (23), and the second clamping plate (7), and the first clamping plate (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner tube (2); the two baffles (5) of the cavity in the middle are respectively connected to a displacement amplification mechanism (8), and the two displacement amplification mechanisms (8) are respectively connected to a lead extrusion damping mechanism (9), and the lead extrusion damping mechanism (9) is connected to the outer tube (1); the lead extrusion damping mechanism (9) is connected to the outer tube (1); the lead extrusion damping mechanism (9) is connected to the outer tube (1). The nylon mechanism (9) includes a sleeve (10) detachably connected to the outer wall of the outer tube. The sleeve (10) contains a compression chamber (11) filled with lead. The compression chamber (11) contains a compression disc (12), which is connected to a force transmission shaft (13). The force transmission shaft (13) movably passes through the sleeve (10) and connects to the displacement amplification mechanism (8). The displacement amplification mechanism (8) includes a first connecting rod (14) and a component hinged to one end of the first connecting rod (14). The second connecting rod (15) and the third connecting rod (16) are hinged to the other end of the second connecting rod (15); the extrusion disc (12) is connected to the force transmission shaft (13) by the first fixing bolt (17), and the other end of the force transmission shaft (13) can move through the sleeve (10) and the outer tube (1) and extend into the cavity located in the middle to connect to the first connecting rod (14); two extrusion blocks (18) are symmetrically arranged inside the extrusion cavity (11); the sleeve (10) is connected to the outer tube (1) by the second fixing bolt (19).

2. The variable stiffness-post-earthquake-damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the first link (14) is connected to the force transmission shaft (13), and the other end of the third link (16) is fixedly connected to the baffle (5).

3. The variable stiffness-post-earthquake-damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the first connecting rod (14) is connected to the force transmission shaft (13) by a third fixing bolt (20).

4. The variable stiffness-post-earthquake damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first link (14) is connected to the second link (15) by the first hinge bolt (21); the second link (15) is connected to the third link (16) by the second hinge bolt (22).

5. The variable stiffness-post-earthquake-damage-free low-prestress self-resetting damping device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The elastic reset element (23) is a disc spring.

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