An integrated protection device for bridge piers with different energy levels

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers. It comprises a first energy-dissipating component and a second energy-dissipating component for protecting the piers from impact or abrasion. The first energy-dissipating component comprises an anti-abrasion guide body located on the exterior of the pier. The guide body is equipped with multiple energy-dissipating connectors connected to the pier. These connectors are detachably connected between the guide body and the pier, forming an energy-dissipating structure that dissipates through plastic deformation. The second energy-dissipating component is located on the side of the pier facing the direction of impact, between the pier and the anti-abrasion guide body. This integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers offers the advantages of graded energy dissipation, ease of maintenance and replacement, and strong protection capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge pier safety protection, and in particular to an energy-level integrated protection device for bridge piers. Background Art

[0002] my country is a country with mountainous areas, with about two-thirds of its area being hilly or mountainous. Bridges, as indispensable structures in mountainous transportation construction, are often affected by natural disasters such as collapse, rockfall, and mudslides. Minor accidents generally only cause local damage to the bridge, affecting its service life and increasing maintenance costs. However, major accidents may lead to the overall destruction of the bridge structure and even affect the safety of life and property.

[0003] Existing bridge pier protection devices usually have a circle of baffles set on the outside of the bridge pier. The baffles are fixed on the bridge pier cap or on the outside of the cap, leaving a space between the baffles and the bridge pier, and then filling the space with gravel to achieve buffering and energy absorption. When an impact such as falling rocks or mud and rock flow comes, it will first hit the baffle, and then the baffle will transfer the impact energy to the gravel, and finally to the bridge pier. This protection method will directly damage the baffle when the impact is large, making it impossible to protect the bridge pier. The protection capacity is limited, and the baffle cannot be used after being damaged, making it inconvenient to repair and replace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a bridge pier protection device which can dissipate energy in a graded manner, is convenient for maintenance and replacement, and has strong protection capabilities.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers includes a first energy-absorbing component and a second energy-absorbing component for preventing impact or wear on bridge piers. The first energy-absorbing component includes an anti-wear guide body disposed outside the bridge pier. The anti-wear guide body is provided with a plurality of energy-absorbing connectors connected to the bridge pier. The energy-absorbing connectors are detachably connected between the anti-wear guide body and the bridge pier to form an energy-absorbing structure through plastic deformation. The second energy-absorbing component is disposed on the side of the bridge pier facing the direction of impact and is located between the bridge pier and the anti-wear guide body.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0008] The anti-wear and impact guide body is an asymmetric annular closed structure that gradually increases from the impact or wear direction to the bridge pier and then gradually decreases. The asymmetric annular closed structure is formed by an outward convex arc line, and the bridge pier is arranged inside the asymmetric annular closed structure.

[0009] The anti-impact and wear guide body is provided with multiple steel cables for preventing the anti-impact and wear guide body from expanding outward due to impact or wear and ensuring that the anti-impact and wear guide body maintains overall stress during the impact or wear process. The steel cables are located inside the front end of the anti-impact and wear guide body facing the direction of impact, and the two ends of the steel cables are respectively connected to the two sides of the anti-impact and wear guide body.

[0010] The anti-wear and impact-conducting body is made of ultra-high performance concrete.

[0011] The energy-absorbing connecting member includes a constraint unit and an inner core unit arranged inside the constraint unit. The inner core unit and the constraint unit are connected by two groups of first detachable connection components. One end of the constraint unit is connected to the bridge pier through a second detachable connection component, and the other end of the constraint unit is connected to the anti-wear guide body through a third detachable connection component.

[0012] The constraint unit is a steel pipe, and the inner core unit is a component made of a lead core material with high ductility or low yield point steel. The first detachable connecting component includes a pin, and the constraint unit and the inner core unit are correspondingly provided with pin holes. The pin is inserted into the pin holes on the constraint unit and the inner core unit to connect the constraint unit and the inner core unit. The second detachable connecting component includes a plurality of first bolts, one end of the constraint unit is connected to a first connecting block, and each of the first bolts passes through the first connecting block to be connected to the bridge pier. The third detachable connecting component includes a plurality of second bolts, the other end of the constraint unit is connected to a second connecting block, and each of the second bolts passes through the second connecting block to be connected to the anti-wear guide body.

[0013] The energy-absorbing connecting member includes a first steel pipe, a second steel pipe, and a third steel pipe, which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside. One end of the second steel pipe is connected to a third connecting block, and the other end of the second steel pipe is connected to a fourth connecting block. The third connecting block is connected to the bridge pier via a third bolt, and the fourth connecting block is connected to the anti-wear guide body via a fourth bolt.

[0014] The second energy-absorbing component includes two blocking plates located on both sides of the bridge pier. A closed cavity is formed between the blocking plates, the bridge pier and the anti-wear guide body. The closed cavity is filled with energy-absorbing material. The blocking plates are provided with a plurality of reserved holes for the energy-absorbing material to pass through when impacted. The blocking plates are correspondingly provided with a plurality of blocking plugs for blocking the reserved holes. The blocking plugs are movably inserted into the corresponding reserved holes.

[0015] Two groups of clamping assemblies for clamping the blocking plate are correspondingly provided on the bridge pier. The two groups of clamping assemblies are arranged on opposite sides of the bridge pier and are arranged perpendicular to the direction of impact or grinding. The clamping assemblies include two clamping plates connected to the bridge pier. The blocking plate is located between the two clamping plates and is clamped by the two clamping plates. One end of the blocking plate is in contact with the anti-impact and grinding guide body, and a gap is left between the other end of the blocking plate and the bridge pier.

[0016] A rib assembly is provided on the side of the blocking plate away from the energy absorbing material. The rib assembly includes a plurality of transverse ribs spaced apart along the height direction of the blocking plate and a plurality of inclined ribs arranged obliquely.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers of the present invention forms a graded energy consumption form by setting a first energy-consuming component and a second energy-consuming component. When the energy of impact or abrasion is small, the impact energy can be absorbed by the first energy-consuming component only, and the second energy-consuming component will not be damaged. It is only necessary to reset the anti-impact and abrasion guide body and replace the detachable energy-consuming connector to withstand the next impact, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The anti-impact and abrasion guide body can be reused, reducing the operating and maintenance costs required for the long-term use of the structure. The second energy-consuming component can continue to consume energy when the first energy-consuming component cannot continue to consume energy, and has strong protection capability. When the energy of impact or abrasion is large, it can further ensure the safety of the bridge structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the energy-level integrated protection device for bridge piers.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overhead structure of the energy-level integrated protection device for bridge piers.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overhead structure of the bridge pier after the energy-level integrated protection device is destroyed.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the front view of the blocking plate.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of section AA.

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the CC section.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the energy-dissipating connector in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the DD section.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the energy-dissipating connector in Example 2.

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the EE section.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 1. Bridge pier; 2. First energy-absorbing component; 21. Anti-wear and impact guide body; 22. Energy-absorbing connector; 221. Constraint unit; 222. Inner core unit; 223. First detachable connection component; 224. Second detachable connection component; 225. Third detachable connection component; 226. First steel pipe; 227. Second steel pipe; 228. Third steel pipe; 3. Second energy-absorbing component; 31. Blocking plate; 32. Energy-absorbing material; 33. Reserved hole; 34. Clamp; 4. Steel cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers of this embodiment includes a first energy dissipation component 2 and a second energy dissipation component 3 for preventing impact or abrasion of bridge pier 1. The first energy dissipation component 2 includes an anti-abrasion guide body 21 disposed on the exterior of pier 1 to direct impacting or abrasive objects toward the sides of pier 1. The anti-abrasion guide body 21 is provided with multiple energy dissipation connectors 22 connected to pier 1. The energy dissipation connectors 22 are detachably connected between the anti-abrasion guide body 21 and pier 1, forming an energy dissipation structure that dissipates through plastic deformation. The second energy dissipation component 3 is disposed on the side of pier 1 facing the direction of impact and is located between pier 1 and the anti-abrasion guide body 21. The anti-abrasion guide body 21 is connected to pier 1 via multiple energy dissipation connectors 22, which can increase structural stability and rigidity, improving impact and abrasion resistance. When impact or abrasion occurs, such as rockfall or debris flow, it will impact or abrade the anti-abrasion guide body 21, and the impact energy will be transferred to the energy-absorbing connector 22 through the anti-abrasion guide body 21. The anti-abrasion guide body 21 will produce a certain displacement and the energy-absorbing connector 22 will dissipate energy through plastic deformation. When the energy of the impact or abrasion is less than the limit energy that the energy-absorbing connector 22 can withstand, the energy-absorbing connector 22 can absorb all the impact energy through deformation. When the energy of the impact or abrasion is greater than the limit energy that the energy-absorbing connector 22 can withstand, the energy-absorbing connector 22 will be sheared and broken, and the anti-abrasion guide body 21 will be separated from the pier 1. Then the anti-abrasion guide body 21 will transfer the impact energy to the second energy-absorbing component 3, and the second energy-absorbing component 3 will continue to dissipate energy. This is to reduce the destructive effects of impact or abrasion on the bridge pier 1. By setting the first energy-absorbing component 2 and the second energy-absorbing component 3, a graded energy-absorbing form is formed. When the energy of the impact or abrasion is small, the impact energy can be absorbed by the first energy-absorbing component 2, and the second energy-absorbing component 3 will not be damaged. It is only necessary to reset the anti-impact and abrasion guide body 21 and replace the detachable energy-absorbing connector 22 to withstand the next impact, which is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The anti-impact and abrasion guide body 21 can be reused, reducing the operating and maintenance costs required for the long-term use of the structure. The second energy-absorbing component 3 can continue to consume energy when the first energy-absorbing component 2 cannot continue to consume energy, and has strong protection capabilities. When the energy of the impact or abrasion is large, it can further ensure the safety of the bridge structure.

[0034] In this embodiment, the anti-wear guide 21 is an asymmetric annular closed structure that gradually increases in size from the direction of impact or abrasion toward pier 1 and then gradually decreases. The asymmetric annular closed structure is formed by a convex arc, and pier 1 is disposed within the asymmetric annular closed structure. Placing pier 1 within the anti-wear guide 21 prevents impacting or abrasive objects from directly impacting or abrading pier 1 and also protects all sides of pier 1. The anti-wear guide 21 gradually increases in size and then gradually decreases in size. When rockfall or debris flow approaches, it guides the rockfall or debris flow toward both sides of the anti-wear guide 21, i.e., toward pier 1, and then continues to move away from pier 1, preventing impacting or abrasive objects from converging in the direction directly toward pier 1. This reduces the potential for unnecessary impact during subsequent impact or abrasion, improves safety, and also reduces the manpower and financial resources required to clean up the accumulation of rockfall or debris flow.

[0035] In this embodiment, a plurality of steel cables 4 are provided on the anti-wear guiding body 21 to prevent the anti-wear guiding body 21 from expanding outwards due to impact or abrasion and to ensure that the anti-wear guiding body 21 maintains overall stress during the impact or abrasion process. The steel cables 4 are located inside the front end of the anti-wear guiding body 21 facing the direction of impact, and the two ends of the steel cables 4 are respectively connected to the two sides of the anti-wear guiding body 21. Since the front end of the anti-wear guiding body 21 is an arch-like gradually expanding shape, an outward expansion force will be generated when it is impacted. The provision of the steel cables 4 can offset the generation of the outward expansion force, ensuring that the anti-wear guiding body 21 is stressed as a whole without causing local damage. Preferably, the steel cables 4 are tautly connected between the anti-wear guiding bodies 21, and the steel cables 4 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the anti-wear guiding body 21.

[0036] In this embodiment, the anti-abrasion flow guide 21 is made of ultra-high performance concrete. Because ultra-high performance concrete does not contain coarse aggregate and uses silica fume, quartz sand, steel fiber, and high-efficiency water reducers, it can achieve the densest internal packing to achieve high density and reduce internal defects. This high density gives it ultra-high durability, resulting in ultra-high performance concrete with excellent impact resistance and anti-abrasion properties. Specifically, the anti-abrasion flow guide 21 has excellent impact resistance and anti-abrasion properties. Utilizing the unique mechanical properties of the anti-abrasion flow guide 21 in this regard, the timing of the anti-abrasion flow guide 21 being destroyed by impact or abrasion is no earlier than the timing of the deformation and shear fracture of the energy-dissipating connector 22. This ensures that the anti-abrasion flow guide 21 is not easily damaged by rockfall impacts or debris flow abrasion, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of protecting the bridge pier 1 and the effectiveness of the energy-dissipating connector 22 in dissipating energy. Preferably, the anti-abrasion flow guide 21 is made of ultra-high performance concrete and sintered bauxite admixture.

[0037] In this embodiment, the energy-dissipating connector 22 includes a constraint unit 221 and an inner core unit 222 disposed within the constraint unit 221. The inner core unit 222 and the constraint unit 221 are connected via two sets of first detachable connecting assemblies 223. One end of the constraint unit 221 is connected to the bridge pier 1 via a second detachable connecting assembly 224, and the other end of the constraint unit 221 is connected to the anti-wear guide body 21 via a third detachable connecting assembly 225. The energy-dissipating connector 22 is configured as a combination of the constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222, enabling the constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222 to dissipate energy in a coordinated manner, thereby improving the energy dissipation effect of the energy-dissipating connector 22. The provision of the first detachable connecting assembly 223, the second detachable connecting assembly 224, and the third detachable connecting assembly 225 facilitates repair and replacement of the energy-dissipating connector 22 after it deforms and breaks due to energy dissipation. Preferably, multiple energy-absorbing connectors 22 are provided on opposite sides of the pier 1 and arranged perpendicular to the direction of the impact, which can prevent the anti-wear guide body 21 from being deflected when it is impacted or moves due to wear, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the anti-wear guide body 21 and the pier 1, and the stability of the movement of the anti-wear guide body 21 after being impacted.

[0038] In this embodiment, the constraint unit 221 is a steel tube, and the inner core unit 222 is a component made of a lead core material or low-yield point steel with high ductility, which can absorb energy together through different materials. The combined structure of the constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222 can utilize the inner and outer units to improve the bearing capacity of the inner core unit 222 yielding, so that it has a greater yield strength. At the same time, the setting of the inner core unit 222 can prevent the constraint unit 221 from experiencing local buckling, ensuring the stability of absorbing energy by yielding. The inner core unit 222 is set to lead core or low-yield point steel, which can move together with the constraint unit 221 and coordinate with each other, while protecting the integrity of the constraint unit 221 and preventing local buckling. The material of the inner core unit 222 is steel or lead, which is low in cost and has a low processing cost. The first detachable connection assembly 223 includes a latch. The constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222 have corresponding latch holes. The latch is inserted into the latch holes in the constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222 to connect the constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222. The second detachable connection assembly 224 includes a plurality of first bolts. One end of the constraint unit 221 is connected to a first connection block. Each first bolt passes through the first connection block to connect to the bridge pier 1. The third detachable connection assembly 225 includes a plurality of second bolts. The other end of the constraint unit 221 is connected to a second connection block. Each second bolt passes through the second connection block to connect to the anti-wear deflector 21. The latch connection between the constraint unit 221 and the inner core unit 222 is simple in structure and easy to assemble and disassemble. The first bolt connects the constraint unit 221 to the bridge pier 1, and the second bolt connects the constraint unit 221 to the anti-wear deflector 21. This ensures connection strength, prevents the energy dissipation connector 22 from being pulled out, and facilitates assembly and disassembly, making it easy to use. Preferably, both the first and second bolts are high-strength bolts. Preferably, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the inner core unit 222 is an "I-shaped" shape. In other embodiments, the cross-section of the inner core unit 222 may be a "straight-shaped," "T-shaped," "cross-shaped," or the like. In this embodiment, the constraint unit 221 is an arc-shaped steel pipe with a specific breaking point, i.e., the steel pipe is an arc-shaped steel pipe with larger cross-sections at both ends and smaller cross-sections in the middle.

[0039] In this embodiment, the second energy-absorbing component 3 includes two blocking plates 31 located on both sides of the pier 1. A closed cavity is formed between the blocking plates 31, the pier 1 and the anti-wear guide body 21. The closed cavity is filled with energy-absorbing material 32. The blocking plates 31 are provided with a plurality of reserved holes 33 for the energy-absorbing material 32 to pass through when impacted. The blocking plates 31 are correspondingly provided with a plurality of blocking plugs for blocking the reserved holes 33, and the blocking plugs are movably inserted into the corresponding reserved holes 33. When the second energy-absorbing assembly 3 is impacted, the energy-absorbing connector 22 is destroyed, and the anti-wear guiding body 21 is separated from the pier 1. After the impact, the anti-wear guiding body 21 will continue to move. On the one hand, the anti-wear guiding body 21 can dissipate energy by moving. On the other hand, the anti-wear guiding body 21 will squeeze the energy-absorbing material 32, transferring the impact energy to the energy-absorbing material 32, causing the energy-absorbing material 32 to deform and absorb energy. When the anti-wear guiding body 21 moves a certain distance, the energy-absorbing material 32 will squeeze the blocking plug out of the blocking plate 31, so that the energy-absorbing material 32 passes through the exposed reserved hole 33. At the same time, the energy-absorbing material 32 in the sealed cavity can further absorb the impact energy, reducing the impact on the pier 1. Preferably, the energy-absorbing material 32 is gravel.

[0040] In this embodiment, two clamping assemblies are provided on pier 1 for clamping the blocking plate 31. These two clamping assemblies are positioned on opposite sides of pier 1 and are positioned perpendicular to the direction of impact or abrasion. The clamping assemblies include two clamping plates 34 connected to pier 1. The blocking plate 31 is positioned between the two clamping plates 34 and clamped therein. One end of the blocking plate 31 abuts the anti-abrasion guide 21, while the other end of the blocking plate 31 is spaced apart from pier 1. The blocking plate 31 is clamped between the two clamping plates 34, with a gap between it and pier 1. When subjected to force, the blocking plate 31 can move laterally toward pier 1. Specifically, as the distance between the anti-abrasion guide 21 and pier 1 changes, the blocking plate 31 can adapt to the reduction in lateral displacement.

[0041] In this embodiment, a rib assembly is provided on the side of the baffle plate 31 facing away from the energy-absorbing material 32. This rib assembly comprises a plurality of transverse ribs spaced apart along the height of the baffle plate 31 and a plurality of diagonal ribs arranged at an angle. The transverse and diagonal ribs are provided on the side of the baffle plate 31 facing away from the energy-absorbing material 32. Because the height of the baffle plate 31 is significantly greater than its width, this increases its structural rigidity, resisting damage from the compressive forces of sand and soil. This ensures that the baffle plate 31 does not suffer shear failure due to excessive impact height.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] The integrated protection device for bridge piers with different energy levels in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1. The main difference is that Figures 10 and 11As shown, in this embodiment, the energy-dissipating connector 22 comprises a first steel tube 226, a second steel tube 227, and a third steel tube 228, which are sequentially sleeved from the inside out. One end of the second steel tube 227 is connected to a third connecting block, and the other end of the second steel tube 227 is connected to a fourth connecting block. The third connecting block is connected to the pier 1 via a third bolt, and the fourth connecting block is connected to the anti-wear guide body 21 via a fourth bolt. The energy-dissipating connector 22 is configured as a three-layer steel tube structure to prevent local buckling. The plastic deformation capacity can be adjusted by adjusting the gap between the core steel tube and the constraining steel tube, and the plastic deformation capacity increases as the gap decreases.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications obtained without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated protection device for bridge piers with different energy levels, characterized by: The invention comprises a first energy dissipation component (2) and a second energy dissipation component (3) for preventing impact or abrasion of a bridge pier (1), wherein the first energy dissipation component (2) comprises an anti-abrasion guide body (21) arranged outside the bridge pier (1), the anti-abrasion guide body (21) is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation connecting members (22) connected to the bridge pier (1), the energy dissipation connecting members (22) are connected between the anti-abrasion guide body (21) and the bridge pier (1) in a detachable manner, and form an energy dissipation structure in the form of plastic deformation, and the second energy dissipation component (3) is arranged on the side of the bridge pier (1) facing the direction of impact and is located at the bridge pier (1). and the anti-wear guiding body (21); the second energy dissipation component (3) includes two blocking plates (31) located on both sides of the pier (1); a closed cavity is formed between the blocking plates (31), the pier (1) and the anti-wear guiding body (21); the closed cavity is filled with energy-absorbing material (32); the blocking plates (31) are provided with a plurality of reserved holes (33) for the energy-absorbing material (32) to pass through when impacted; the blocking plates (31) are correspondingly provided with a plurality of blocking plugs for blocking the reserved holes (33), and the blocking plugs are movably inserted in the corresponding reserved holes (33).

2. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-wear and impact guide body (21) is an asymmetric annular closed structure that gradually increases and then gradually decreases from the direction of impact or wear to the bridge pier (1). The asymmetric annular closed structure is formed by surrounding an outward convex arc line, and the bridge pier (1) is arranged inside the asymmetric annular closed structure.

3. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anti-wear guiding body (21) is provided with a plurality of steel cables (4) for preventing the anti-wear guiding body (21) from expanding outward due to impact or abrasion and ensuring that the anti-wear guiding body (21) maintains overall stress during the impact or abrasion process. The steel cables (4) are located inside the front end of the anti-wear guiding body (21) facing the direction of impact, and the two ends of the steel cables (4) are respectively connected to the two sides of the anti-wear guiding body (21).

4. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The anti-wear and impact-conducting body (21) is made of ultra-high performance concrete.

5. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy-dissipating connection member (22) comprises a constraint unit (221) and an inner core unit (222) disposed inside the constraint unit (221); the inner core unit (222) and the constraint unit (221) are connected via two sets of first detachable connection components (223); one end of the constraint unit (221) is connected to the pier (1) via a second detachable connection component (224); and the other end of the constraint unit (221) is connected to the anti-wear guide body (21) via a third detachable connection component (225).

6. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The constraint unit (221) is a steel tube, the inner core unit (222) is a component made of a lead core material with high ductility or low yield point steel, the first detachable connection component (223) includes a latch, the constraint unit (221) and the inner core unit (222) are correspondingly provided with latch holes, the latch is inserted into the latch holes on the constraint unit (221) and the inner core unit (222) to connect the constraint unit (221) and the inner core unit (222), the second detachable connection component (224) includes a plurality of first bolts, one end of the constraint unit (221) is connected to a first connection block, each of the first bolts passes through the first connection block and is connected to the bridge pier (1), the third detachable connection component (225) includes a plurality of second bolts, the other end of the constraint unit (221) is connected to a second connection block, each of the second bolts passes through the second connection block and is connected to the anti-wear guide body (21).

7. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy-dissipating connection member (22) comprises a first steel pipe (226), a second steel pipe (227), and a third steel pipe (228) which are sequentially sleeved from the inside out, one end of the second steel pipe (227) being connected to a third connection block, the other end of the second steel pipe (227) being connected to a fourth connection block, the third connection block being connected to the pier (1) via a third bolt, and the fourth connection block being connected to the anti-wear guide body (21) via a fourth bolt.

8. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bridge pier (1) is provided with two sets of clamping assemblies for clamping the blocking plate (31), and the two sets of clamping assemblies are arranged on opposite sides of the bridge pier (1) and are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the impact or grinding direction. The clamping assembly includes two clamping plates (34) connected to the bridge pier (1), and the blocking plate (31) is located between the two clamping plates (34) and is clamped by the two clamping plates (34). One end of the blocking plate (31) is in contact with the anti-grinding guide body (21), and a gap is left between the other end of the blocking plate (31) and the bridge pier (1).

9. The integrated energy-level protection device for bridge piers according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rib assembly is provided on the side of the blocking plate (31) away from the energy absorbing material (32), and the rib assembly comprises a plurality of transverse ribs spaced apart along the height direction of the blocking plate (31) and a plurality of inclined ribs arranged obliquely.

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