A rapid field identification system for soil types

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil type field rapid identification system, and discloses a soil type field rapid identification system comprising a main control module, a power module, a temperature detection circuit, a metal content detection module, a communication module, a human-computer interaction module and a pH value detection module, wherein the metal content detection module comprises a light source driving circuit, a digital micromirror controller, a photodetector and a sampling circuit, and the light source driving circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit and an output current control circuit. When the present invention tests and analyzes soil type, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, etc., the power module provides power to the main control module and the metal content detection module, the light source driving circuit is controlled by the main control module, and then drives the light source, and adjusts the current flowing through the light source, controls the intensity of the emitted light, collects the reflection conditions of light with different intensities for comparative analysis, and accurately obtains soil information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil type identification, and in particular to a field rapid soil type identification system. Background Art

[0002] Soil refers to a loose layer of minerals on the surface of the earth, which is the basis for plant growth. Soil contains nutrients, water and air required for plant growth, as well as microorganisms and organic matter. Factors such as soil texture, structure and fertility will affect the growth and development of plants. In agricultural production, soil is one of the indispensable resources, so it is very important to protect soil quality and promote soil health. In the wild, the types and characteristics of soil vary depending on the environment and climatic conditions in which it is located, and the soil composition in different environments is also different.

[0003] In the prior art, in the process of field soil identification, sampling and post-sampling analysis is often used to identify the current soil. However, this method requires complex steps such as soil sample collection and preliminary digestion treatment during the soil identification process, and will cause certain damage to the soil. This is very inconvenient in the soil identification process, and it is impossible to quickly identify a large area of ​​soil, which has certain limitations. At the same time, in the prior art, spectral analysis is also often used for soil identification. Because spectral analysis is widely used in soil detection, the internal light source of the existing soil detection instrument will cause the internal temperature of the instrument to rise. In hot weather, the excessively high internal temperature will affect the accuracy of light reflection detection.

[0004] After searching, it is found that a soil type identification device based on a mobile terminal is disclosed in a Chinese patent document (publication number: CN105548031A). The present invention relates to a soil type identification device based on a mobile terminal to solve the problem of how to reduce the error of soil classification and improve the portability of field soil classification. The device comprises: a working chamber, which is provided with a soil sample box for accommodating the soil sample to be detected, and is used to shield the light outside the working chamber; a mobile terminal is arranged outside the working chamber, and is used to collect the color information of the soil sample to be detected in the soil sample box inside the working chamber, and judge the soil type of the soil sample to be detected according to the color information. The present invention places the soil sample box in the working chamber, and tries to avoid the interference of external light on the color of the soil sample to be detected, thereby reducing the error of soil classification. In the present invention, a mobile terminal is used to collect and analyze color information. Due to the portability of the mobile terminal, the present invention is suitable for use in the field, thereby improving the portability of field soil classification, but there are still the following defects:

[0005] Although the soil type identification device can place the soil sample box in the working chamber, it can avoid the interference of external light on the color of the soil sample to be detected, thereby reducing the error of soil classification. In the present invention, a mobile terminal is used to collect and analyze color information. Due to the portability of the mobile terminal, the present invention is suitable for use in the field, thereby improving the portability of field soil classification. However, it still has the problem that in the process of field soil identification, sampling and post-sampling analysis are often used to identify the current soil. However, this method still requires complex steps such as soil sample collection and preliminary digestion treatment in the process of soil identification, and it will also cause certain damage to the soil. This is very inconvenient in the soil identification process, and it is impossible to quickly identify large areas of soil.

[0006] After searching, it is found that a Chinese patent document discloses a soil type identification method based on spectral surface matching (publication number: CN107192671A). The present invention discloses a soil type identification method based on spectral surface matching. First, profile depth interpolation processing and first-order derivative processing are performed on the spectral reflectance of each layer of the soil profile to be identified to generate the spectral surface of the soil profile to be identified; then, profile depth interpolation processing and first-order derivative processing are performed on each soil profile in the soil sample library and the spectral reflectance of each layer of the soil profile to generate the spectral surface of each soil profile; finally, spectral surface matching is performed to identify the soil type of the soil profile to be identified. In this way, based on the spectral reflectance of the soil profile, depth interpolation processing, derivative processing, spectral surface generation, and spectral surface similarity judgment are performed, and the soil spectral data at different depths in the soil profile are integrated and matched to achieve the final soil type identification, but there are still the following defects:

[0007] Although the above-mentioned soil type identification method based on spectral surface matching realizes deep interpolation processing, derivation processing, spectral surface generation, and spectral surface similarity judgment based on the spectral reflectance of the soil profile, and integrates and utilizes soil spectral data at different depths in the soil profile for matching to realize the final soil type identification, it still has the problem that spectral analysis is widely used in soil detection, but the internal light source of existing soil detection instruments will cause the internal temperature of the instrument to rise. In hot weather, the excessively high internal temperature will affect the accuracy of light reflection detection. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a field rapid identification system for soil types, which solves the problem that in the prior art in the background technology, in the process of field soil identification, the current soil is often identified by sampling and post-sampling analysis. However, this method requires complex steps such as soil sample collection and preliminary digestion treatment in the soil identification process, and it will also cause certain damage to the soil, which is very inconvenient in the soil identification process and cannot quickly identify a large area of ​​soil, and has certain limitations. At the same time, in the prior art, spectral analysis is often used for soil identification, because spectral analysis is widely used in soil detection, but the internal light source of the existing soil detection instrument will cause the internal temperature of the instrument to rise. In hot weather, the excessively high internal temperature will affect the accuracy of light reflection detection. The present application can realize large-area, non-destructive and non-contact rapid sampling, avoiding complex steps such as soil sample collection and preliminary digestion treatment.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A soil type field rapid identification system, comprising a main control module, a power module, a temperature detection circuit, a metal content detection module, a communication module, a human-computer interaction module and a pH value detection module, wherein the metal content detection module comprises a light source driving circuit, a digital micromirror controller, a photodetector and a sampling circuit;

[0011] The light source driving circuit includes a voltage stabilizing circuit and an output current control circuit;

[0012] The voltage stabilizing circuit includes a first power conversion chip and a switch quantity isolation circuit;

[0013] The sampling circuit includes a second amplifying circuit, a third amplifying circuit and a first digital-to-analog conversion circuit;

[0014] The power supply module includes a power supply conversion circuit and a charging circuit;

[0015] Preferably, the input end of the light source driving circuit is electrically connected to the power module, and the controlled end of the light source driving circuit is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0016] The function of the light source driving circuit is to electrically connect the output end of the light source to adjust the output current to the light source.

[0017] Preferably, the input end of the photodetector is electrically connected to the digital micromirror controller;

[0018] The photodetector is used to convert the reflected light signal received by the digital micromirror controller into an electrical signal;

[0019] The input end of the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the photodetector, and the output end of the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0020] The function of the sampling circuit is to transmit the electrical signal to the main control module;

[0021] The temperature detection circuit is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0022] The function of the temperature detection circuit is to transmit the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module

[0023] Preferably, the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the power module, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the output current control circuit, the controlled end of the output current control circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the output current control circuit is electrically connected to the light source.

[0024] Preferably, the input end of the switch quantity isolation circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the switch quantity isolation circuit is electrically connected to the enable end of the first power conversion chip;

[0025] The input end of the first power conversion chip is electrically connected to the power module, and the output end of the first power conversion chip is electrically connected to the output current control circuit;

[0026] Preferably, the output current control circuit includes a first current output chip, a power supply filter circuit, a first amplifier circuit and a current sampling circuit;

[0027] The current sampling circuit includes a first sampling resistor and a first current sensing amplifier, wherein the first sampling resistor is arranged between the light source and the ground, the two input ends of the first current sensing amplifier are electrically connected to the two ends of the first sampling resistor respectively, and the output end of the first current sensing amplifier is electrically connected to the second input end of the first current output chip, and the first current sensing amplifier functions to realize precise control of the light source current;

[0028] The first input end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit through the power supply filter circuit, the input end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the controlled end of the first current output chip

[0029] Preferably, the two output ends of the photodetector are respectively connected to the input end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the second amplification circuit and the third amplification circuit, and the output end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0030] Preferably, the input end of the power supply conversion circuit is connected to the battery, and the output end of the power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected to the main control module and the metal content detection module respectively, the input end of the charging circuit is suitable for connecting to an external power supply, and the output end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery.

[0031] Preferably, the communication module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the function of the communication module is to establish communication between the main control module and the cloud platform and transmit relevant parameters thereof;

[0032] The human-computer interaction module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the function of the human-computer interaction module is to be used for user operation and interaction.

[0033] Preferably, the pH value detection module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the function of the pH value detection module is to transmit the soil pH value information detected by the pH value detection module in cooperation with the pH value detection device to the main control module;

[0034] The pH value detection module includes a pH value acquisition circuit, a two-stage amplification circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit and a follower circuit;

[0035] The input end of the pH value acquisition circuit is connected to the pH sensor, and the output end of the pH value acquisition circuit is connected to the input end of the two-stage amplifier circuit, the output end of the two-stage amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the photoelectric isolation circuit, the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the follower circuit, and the output end of the follower circuit is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0036] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1: First, move the device to a position suitable for the soil to be analyzed;

[0038] S2: Secondly, the power module provides power to the main control module and the metal content detection module;

[0039] S3: The light source driving circuit is then controlled by the main control module to drive the light source;

[0040] S4: and adjusting the current flowing through the light source to control the intensity of the emitted light, so as to collect the reflection of light with different intensities for comparative analysis;

[0041] S5: Collect and store data on soil type, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and other parameters in a cloud database;

[0042] S6: Collect light reflections of different intensities for comparative analysis;

[0043] S7: Determine soil information based on comparative analysis;

[0044] S8, a digital micromirror controller, i.e., a DMD device, is used to collect the emitted optical signal and perform digital optical modulation;

[0045] S9: The modulated light enters the photodetector, which receives and converts the modulated light signal into photoelectric signals. The converted electrical signal is processed by the sampling circuit and then transmitted to the main control module.

[0046] S10: The main control module then performs analysis to obtain the metal content of the soil;

[0047] S11: The temperature sensor transmits the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module, and the main control module adjusts the driving current of the light source driving circuit accordingly to achieve temperature compensation and ensure the accuracy of light signal reflection detection.

[0048] Preferably, the cloud database is used to store soil parameter data each time and mark each soil as So 01 ,So 02 ,So 03 ,So 04 ...So 0n The soil parameter data are standardized and the standardized data are marked as So 01 (Par 01 ,Par 02 ,Par 03 ,Par 04 ...Par 0n ), and then add the specific expression of the phase floating threshold as follows:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula, Par max represents the normalized data after aggregation, and A represents the floating threshold;

[0051] And set a reasonable interval threshold for the set standardized data Par max. The specific expression is as follows:

[0052] Y≤Par max≤X

[0053] In the formula, Y represents the maximum upper limit and X represents the minimum lower limit;

[0054] Finally, the soil type identification is optimized by using the standardized data Par max of each soil set and the interval threshold Y≤Par max≤X.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0056] 1. When testing and analyzing soil type, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content, the power module provides power to the main control module and the metal content detection module. The light source driving circuit is controlled by the main control module to drive the light source and adjust the current flowing through the light source to control the intensity of the emitted light, so as to collect the reflection of light of different intensities for comparative analysis and accurately obtain soil information. The digital micromirror controller, i.e., the DMD device, is used to collect the emitted light signal and perform digital light modulation. The modulated light enters the photodetector, which receives and photoelectrically converts the modulated light signal. The converted electrical signal is processed by the sampling circuit and transmitted to the main control module. The main control module analyzes and obtains the metal content of the soil. At the same time, the temperature sensor transmits the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module, and the main control module adjusts the driving current of the light source driving circuit accordingly to achieve temperature compensation and ensure the accuracy of light signal reflection detection.

[0057] 2. Through the cloud database set up, the soil parameter data collected in the past can be used as a basis during use, and the soil parameter data can be stored. Then, the soil parameter data can be integrated with the corresponding floating threshold. When similar parameter data is encountered in the future, the soil type can be identified more accurately and quickly, thereby optimizing soil identification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this system;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the charging circuit structure in this system;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a smooth schematic diagram of the system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] Embodiment 1

[0062] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] Embodiment 1

[0064] See also Figure 1-3 , a soil type field rapid identification system, including a main control module, a power module, a temperature detection circuit, a metal content detection module, a communication module, a human-computer interaction module and a pH value detection module, the metal content detection module including a light source driving circuit, a digital micromirror controller, a photodetector and a sampling circuit;

[0065] The light source driving circuit includes a voltage stabilizing circuit and an output current control circuit;

[0066] The voltage stabilizing circuit includes a first power conversion chip and a switch quantity isolation circuit;

[0067] The sampling circuit includes a second amplifying circuit, a third amplifying circuit and a first digital-to-analog conversion circuit;

[0068] The power module includes a power supply conversion circuit and a charging circuit;

[0069] The input end of the light source driving circuit is electrically connected to the power module, and the controlled end of the light source driving circuit is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0070] The function of the light source driving circuit is to electrically connect its output end to the light source so as to adjust the output current to the light source.

[0071] The input end of the photodetector is electrically connected to the digital micromirror controller;

[0072] The function of the photodetector is to convert the reflected light signal received by the digital micromirror controller into an electrical signal;

[0073] The input end of the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the photodetector, and the output end of the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0074] The function of the sampling circuit is to transmit the electrical signal to the main control module;

[0075] The temperature detection circuit is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0076] The function of the temperature detection circuit is to transmit the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module

[0077] The input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the power module, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the output current control circuit, the controlled end of the output current control circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the output current control circuit is electrically connected to the light source.

[0078] The input end of the switch quantity isolation circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the switch quantity isolation circuit is electrically connected to the enable end of the first power conversion chip;

[0079] The input end of the first power conversion chip is electrically connected to the power module, and the output end of the first power conversion chip is electrically connected to the output current control circuit;

[0080] The output current control circuit includes a first current output chip, a power filter circuit, a first amplification circuit and a current sampling circuit;

[0081] The current sampling circuit includes a first sampling resistor and a first current sensing amplifier. The first sampling resistor is arranged between the light source and the ground. The two input terminals of the first current sensing amplifier are electrically connected to the two ends of the first sampling resistor respectively, and the output terminal of the first current sensing amplifier is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the first current output chip. The first current sensing amplifier realizes precise control of the light source current.

[0082] The first input end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit through the power supply filter circuit, the input end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the controlled end of the first current output chip

[0083] The two output ends of the photodetector are respectively connected to the input end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the second amplifying circuit and the third amplifying circuit, and the output end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0084] The input end of the power supply conversion circuit is connected to the battery, and the output end of the power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected to the main control module and the metal content detection module respectively. The input end of the charging circuit is suitable for connecting to an external power supply, and the output end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery.

[0085] The communication module is electrically connected to the main control module. The function of the communication module is to establish communication between the main control module and the cloud platform and transmit relevant parameters;

[0086] The human-computer interaction module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the function of the human-computer interaction module is to be used for user operation and interaction.

[0087] The pH value detection module is electrically connected to the main control module. The function of the pH value detection module is to transmit the soil pH value information detected by the pH value detection module in conjunction with the pH value detection device to the main control module;

[0088] The pH value detection module includes a pH value acquisition circuit, a two-stage amplification circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit and a follower circuit;

[0089] The input end of the pH value acquisition circuit is connected to the pH sensor, and the output end of the pH value acquisition circuit is connected to the input end of the two-stage amplifier circuit, the output end of the two-stage amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the photoelectric isolation circuit, the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the follower circuit, and the output end of the follower circuit is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0090] Embodiment 2

[0091] See also Figure 2, a soil type field rapid identification system, the charging circuit includes a power input interface, a charging management chip, a charging control circuit, a bidirectional blocking circuit, a power supply path selection circuit, an input voltage detection circuit, an input current detection circuit, a charging current detection circuit and a battery voltage detection circuit.

[0092] The input end of the bidirectional blocking circuit is connected to the power input interface, and the output end of the bidirectional blocking circuit is connected to the charging control circuit, while the controlled end of the bidirectional blocking circuit is electrically connected to the charging management chip.

[0093] The controlled end of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the charging management chip, and the output end of the charging control circuit is electrically connected to the battery. The charging control circuit controls the charging current of the battery.

[0094] The input end of the input voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the power input interface, and the output end of the input voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the charging management chip.

[0095] The input end of the input current detection circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the charging control circuit, and the output end of the input current detection circuit is electrically connected to the charging management chip.

[0096] The input end of the charging current detection circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the charging control circuit, and the output end of the charging current detection circuit is electrically connected to the charging management chip.

[0097] The input end of the battery voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the battery, and the output end of the battery voltage detection circuit is connected to the charging management chip.

[0098] The communication terminal of the charging management chip is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0099] The first input end of the power supply path selection circuit is connected to the power input interface, and the second input end of the power supply path selection circuit is electrically connected to the battery, while the output end of the power supply path selection circuit is electrically connected to the power end of the charging management chip.

[0100] The bidirectional blocking circuit includes a first MOS tube and a second MOS tube, the gates of the first MOS tube and the second MOS tube are electrically connected to the output end of the charging management chip, the drain of the first MOS tube is connected to the power input interface, and the source of the first MOS tube is connected to the source of the second MOS tube, the drain of the second MOS tube is electrically connected to the charging control circuit, and the power supply path selection circuit includes a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is connected to the power input interface, the anode of the second diode is connected to the battery, and the cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are connected to the power end of the charging management chip.

[0101] The charging control circuit includes a third MOS tube, a fourth MOS tube and a first inductor. The gates of the third MOS tube and the fourth MOS tube are respectively electrically connected to a PWM signal terminal of the charging management chip, the drain of the third MOS tube is connected to the output end of the bidirectional blocking circuit, the source of the third MOS tube is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the drain of the fourth MOS tube is connected to the first end of the first inductor, the source of the fourth MOS tube is grounded, and the output end of the first inductor is connected to the battery.

[0102] Embodiment 3

[0103] See also Figure 3 , a soil type field rapid identification system, comprising the following steps:

[0104] S1: First, move the device to a position suitable for the soil to be analyzed;

[0105] S2: Secondly, the power module provides power to the main control module and the metal content detection module;

[0106] S3: The light source driving circuit is then controlled by the main control module to drive the light source;

[0107] S4: and adjusting the current flowing through the light source to control the intensity of the emitted light, so as to collect the reflection of light with different intensities for comparative analysis;

[0108] S5: Collect and store data on soil type, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and other parameters in a cloud database;

[0109] S6: Collect light reflections of different intensities for comparative analysis;

[0110] S7: Determine soil information based on comparative analysis;

[0111] S8, a digital micromirror controller, i.e., a DMD device, is used to collect the emitted optical signal and perform digital optical modulation;

[0112] S9: The modulated light enters the photodetector, which receives and converts the modulated light signal into photoelectric signals. The converted electrical signal is processed by the sampling circuit and then transmitted to the main control module.

[0113] S10: The main control module then performs analysis to obtain the metal content of the soil;

[0114] S11: The temperature sensor transmits the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module, and the main control module adjusts the driving current of the light source driving circuit accordingly to achieve temperature compensation and ensure the accuracy of light signal reflection detection.

[0115] The cloud database is used to store soil parameter data at each time and mark each soil as So01 ,So 02 ,So 03 ,So 04 ...So 0n The soil parameter data are standardized and the standardized data are marked as So 01 (Par 01 ,Par 02 ,Par 03 ,Par 04 ...Par 0n ), and then add the specific expression of the phase floating threshold as follows:

[0116]

[0117] In the formula, Par max represents the normalized data after aggregation, and A represents the floating threshold;

[0118] And set a reasonable interval threshold for the set standardized data Par max. The specific expression is as follows:

[0119] Y≤Par max≤X

[0120] In the formula, Y represents the maximum upper limit and X represents the minimum lower limit;

[0121] Finally, the soil type identification is optimized by using the standardized data Par max of each soil set and the interval threshold Y≤Par max≤X.

[0122] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit thereof, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapid field identification of soil types, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: First, move the device to a position suitable for the soil to be analyzed; S2: Secondly, the power module provides power to the main control module and the metal content detection module; S3: The light source driving circuit is then controlled by the main control module to drive the light source; S4: and adjusting the current flowing through the light source to control the intensity of the emitted light, so as to collect the reflection of light with different intensities for comparative analysis; S5: Collect and store soil type, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content parameter data in the cloud database; S6: Collect light reflections of different intensities for comparative analysis; S7: Determine soil information based on comparative analysis; S8: A digital micromirror controller, i.e., a DMD device, is used to collect the emitted optical signal and perform digital optical modulation; S9: The modulated light enters the photodetector, which receives and converts the modulated light signal into photoelectric signals. The converted electrical signal is processed by the sampling circuit and then transmitted to the main control module. S10: The main control module then performs analysis to obtain the metal content of the soil; S11: The temperature sensor transmits the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module, and the main control module adjusts the driving current of the light source driving circuit accordingly to achieve temperature compensation and ensure the accuracy of light signal reflection detection; The cloud database is used to store soil parameter data for each time and mark each soil as , and the soil parameter data are standardized and the standardized data are marked as , and then add the specific expression of the phase floating threshold as follows: ； in the formula Represented as the normalized data after aggregation, Expressed as a floating threshold; And standardize the data Set a reasonable interval threshold. The specific expression is as follows: ； in the formula Represents the maximum upper limit, Expressed as the lowest lower limit; Finally, the data were standardized by each soil set. And the interval threshold Optimize soil type identification; The soil type field rapid identification system adopted by the soil type field rapid identification method comprises a main control module, a power module, a temperature detection circuit, a metal content detection module, a communication module, a human-computer interaction module and a pH value detection module, characterized in that: the metal content detection module comprises a light source driving circuit, a digital micromirror controller, a photodetector and a sampling circuit; The light source driving circuit includes a voltage stabilizing circuit and an output current control circuit; The voltage stabilizing circuit includes a first power conversion chip and a switch quantity isolation circuit; The sampling circuit includes a second amplifying circuit, a third amplifying circuit and a first digital-to-analog conversion circuit; The power supply module includes a power supply conversion circuit and a charging circuit.

2. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the light source driving circuit is electrically connected to the power module, and the controlled end of the light source driving circuit is electrically connected to the main control module; The function of the light source driving circuit is to electrically connect its output end to the light source so as to adjust the output current to the light source; The photodetector is used to convert the reflected light signal received by the digital micromirror controller into an electrical signal; The input end of the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the photodetector, and the output end of the sampling circuit is electrically connected to the main control module; The function of the sampling circuit is to transmit the electrical signal to the main control module; The temperature detection circuit is electrically connected to the main control module; The function of the temperature detection circuit is to transmit the internal temperature information of the instrument to the main control module.

3. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the power supply module, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the output current control circuit, the controlled end of the output current control circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the output current control circuit is electrically connected to the light source.

4. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the switch quantity isolation circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the switch quantity isolation circuit is electrically connected to the enable end of the first power conversion chip; The input end of the first power conversion chip is electrically connected to the power module, and the output end of the first power conversion chip is electrically connected to the output current control circuit.

5. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output current control circuit includes a first current output chip, a power filter circuit, a first amplification circuit and a current sampling circuit; The current sampling circuit includes a first sampling resistor and a first current sensing amplifier, wherein the first sampling resistor is arranged between the light source and the ground, the two input ends of the first current sensing amplifier are electrically connected to the two ends of the first sampling resistor respectively, and the output end of the first current sensing amplifier is electrically connected to the second input end of the first current output chip, and the first current sensing amplifier functions to realize precise control of the light source current; The first input end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit via the power supply filtering circuit, the input end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the main control module, and the output end of the first amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the controlled end of the first current output chip.

6. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two output ends of the photodetector are respectively connected to the input end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit through the second amplifying circuit and the third amplifying circuit, and the output end of the first digital-to-analog conversion circuit is electrically connected to the main control module.

7. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the power supply conversion circuit is connected to the battery, and the output end of the power supply conversion circuit is electrically connected to the main control module and the metal content detection module respectively, the input end of the charging circuit is suitable for connecting to an external power supply, and the output end of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the battery; The communication module is electrically connected to the main control module. The function of the communication module is to establish communication between the main control module and the cloud platform and transmit relevant parameters thereof; The human-computer interaction module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the function of the human-computer interaction module is to be used for user operation and interaction.

8. A method for rapid field identification of soil types according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH value detection module is electrically connected to the main control module, and the function of the pH value detection module is to transmit the soil pH value information detected by the pH value detection module in cooperation with the pH value detection device to the main control module; The pH value detection module includes a pH value acquisition circuit, a two-stage amplification circuit, a photoelectric isolation circuit and a follower circuit; The input end of the pH value acquisition circuit is connected to the pH sensor, and the output end of the pH value acquisition circuit is connected to the input end of the two-stage amplifier circuit, the output end of the two-stage amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the photoelectric isolation circuit, the output end of the photoelectric isolation circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the follower circuit, and the output end of the follower circuit is electrically connected to the main control module.

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