Shaft hoisting system and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical shaft hoisting system and a running method thereof, and belongs to the field of ore drawing systems. The vertical shaft is arranged to be communicated with upper and lower mining areas, a rigid cage guide is arranged at the position communicated with the upper mining area, and a detector is arranged below the rigid cage guide. The new acceleration and deceleration control and determination method can make the system stop more accurately and stably in the upper mining area, and the system will not shake when drawing ore. On the basis of safe operation, the secondary acceleration can be used to improve the ore drawing efficiency. On the basis of the encoder used for calculating the lifting of the skip, the detector below the rigid cage guide can correct the numerical deviation of the encoder calculation value during each operation of the skip. When the error is large, the secondary acceleration can be cancelled to ensure the safety of the system operation. Meanwhile, whether the encoder is chaotic can be determined by combining the correction and the hoisting calculation of the continuous crawling, so that the encoder disorder and other faults can be found in time, and the safety of the hoisting can be ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of ore extraction system, and particularly relates to a vertical shaft hoisting system and a running method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the conventional mining, there are open-pit mining method and underground mining method, etc., wherein the open-pit mining method is a mining method that uses mining equipment to strip rock and mine useful minerals in a way of mountain slope open-pit or concave open-pit under the condition of open exposure, and one stage after another downward. The open-pit mining has many advantages compared with the underground mining, such as fast construction speed, high labor productivity, low cost, good labor condition, work safety, high ore recovery rate, small dilution loss, etc. When the ore deposit is buried very deep below the ground surface, the stripping ratio is too high if the open-pit mining is used. After technical and economic comparison, it is considered that the underground mining is reasonable. Since the ore body is buried deep, the ore must be mined out by excavating a tunnel from the ground surface to the ore body, such as vertical shaft, inclined shaft, inclined ramp, flat roadway, etc. However, in the process of open-pit mining, when the soil is loose, the mining cannot continue, and at this time, the underground mining method must be used to continue mining the ore body below. However, the platform of the vertical shaft is built on the mountain top, and the entrance of the open-pit mining is on the mountain slope, which leads to the selection of the communication with the open-pit mining at the middle section for the middle section ore extraction, or the need to increase new mine conveying equipment at the platform of the mountain top. The increase of the conveying equipment requires more engineering quantity and cost, which is not convenient. The selection of the middle section ore extraction directly affects the efficiency because the steel wire rope cage in the vertical shaft is used in the lifting process. In order to ensure the accurate parking and ore unloading at the middle section, a large amount of advance is required for deceleration and slow climbing to the unloading point, which seriously affects the efficiency. In addition, due to the steel wire rope, the cage is easy to shake when it is pulled open during the parking and ore unloading at the middle section, which is not convenient. Moreover, in the process of using the existing technology, the parking and ore unloading at the middle section of the cage are usually calculated by using the encoder. However, if the encoder malfunctions during long-term use, the cage cannot accurately decelerate and park, which easily causes the unloading failure and accidents. SUMMARY

[0003] (I) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] In order to overcome the prior art in use, when the open-pit mining process encounters a loose soil mountain, it cannot continue to mine, at this time, the underground mining method is used again to continue to mine the lower ore body, but because the platform of the shaft is built on the top of the mountain, and the entrance of the open-pit mining is on the mountain slope, when the underground mining method is used, either the middle section is selected to communicate with the open-pit mining section to discharge ore, or new mine conveying equipment needs to be added at the platform on the top of the mountain, and adding conveying equipment needs to increase a larger amount of engineering and expenses, which is relatively inconvenient, and selecting the middle section to directly discharge ore seriously affects the efficiency because the steel wire rope cage in the lifting process adopts a steel wire rope cageway, in order to ensure the accurate parking and ore unloading of the middle section, a large amount of advance is needed to slow down and slowly climb to the ore unloading point, which seriously affects the efficiency, and because of the steel wire rope, the cage is easy to shake when it is pulled open during the parking and ore unloading of the middle section, which is relatively inconvenient.

[0005] Secondly, in order to solve the problem that the existing technology uses the encoder to calculate the parking and ore unloading of the middle section of the cage, but if the encoder malfunctions during long-term use, the cage cannot accurately slow down and park, which easily causes the ore unloading and dangerous accidents.

[0006] (II) Technical scheme

[0007] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme: the present application provides a shaft lifting system and its operation method, which comprises a mine, an upper mining area, a lifting system and a lower mining area, wherein the mine is provided with the upper mining area and the lower mining area, and the lifting system vertically penetrates the top of the mine to connect the upper mining area and the lower mining area.

[0008] The lifting system comprises a cage platform, a detector, a shaft, a cage, a rigid cageway, a cageway butt joint seat, a steel wire rope cageway and a steel wire rope butt joint seat, the top of the shaft penetrates the top of the mine, the shaft penetrating the top of the mine is provided with a cage platform, the cage platform is used for lifting control of the cage, the detector, the cage, the rigid cageway and the steel wire rope cageway are all arranged in the shaft, the cage is provided with the cageway butt joint seat and the steel wire rope butt joint seat, the top of the steel wire rope cageway is fixedly connected with the cage platform, the bottom of the steel wire rope cageway is fixedly connected with the bottom of the shaft, the cage is arranged on the steel wire rope cageway through the steel wire rope butt joint seat, the shaft is provided with the rigid cageway at the position communicating with the upper mining area, the cageway butt joint seat is used for butt joint with the rigid cageway, the cage platform is provided with an encoder, the encoder is used for distance calculation of the cage lifting, the detector is arranged in the shaft, the detector is located 1m below the rigid cageway, and the detector is used for detection of the position of the cage and correction of the encoder.

[0009] The running method comprises starting uniform acceleration crawl→first uniform acceleration crawl→first uniform crawl→first uniform deceleration crawl→second uniform crawl→position correction→second uniform acceleration crawl→third uniform crawl→second uniform deceleration crawl→fourth uniform crawl→stopping, the distance of the starting uniform acceleration crawl is greater than or equal to 0.5 m, the speed of the starting uniform acceleration crawl is less than or equal to 0.3 m / s, the speed of the first uniform crawl is equal to 12 m / s, the deceleration point of the first uniform crawl is located at a distance of 112 m from the stopping point, the speed of the second uniform crawl is less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, the end point of the second uniform crawl is located at a distance of 1 m above the bottom of the rigid guide, the speed of the third uniform crawl is less than or equal to 1.5 m / s, the deceleration point of the third uniform crawl is located at a distance of 4 m from the stopping point, and the speed of the fourth uniform crawl is less than or equal to 0.3 m / s.

[0010] Further, the second uniform acceleration crawl can be performed only when the speed of the bucket is less than or equal to 0.75 m / s when the bucket reaches a position 1 m below the rigid guide, and when the speed of the bucket is greater than 0.75 m / s when the bucket reaches the position 1 m below the rigid guide, the bucket platform controls emergency stopping and alarms.

[0011] Further, when the encoder of the bucket platform detects that the bucket reaches the position 1 m below the rigid guide but the detector does not detect the bucket, the bucket crawls at a uniform speed of less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, and after the detector detects the bucket, the encoder value of the bucket platform is corrected.

[0012] Further, the maximum error distance of the detector calibrating the bucket is 4 m, and when the error of the detector calibrating the bucket is greater than 4 m, the running method of the bucket cancels the second uniform acceleration crawl and the subsequent procedures, and directly crawls at a uniform speed to stop.

[0013] Further, the acceleration of the first uniform acceleration crawl and the second uniform acceleration crawl and the deceleration of the first uniform deceleration crawl and the second uniform deceleration crawl are all 0.7 m / s 2 .

[0014] Further, the rigid guide is provided with two or more, and the two or more rigid guides are mirror assembled on opposite sides of the bucket running track, and the number of guide abutment seats is the same as that of the rigid guides.

[0015] Further, after the detector calibrates the encoder, when the bucket crawls to a position 1 m above the bottom of the rigid guide, the stopping point is taken as the zero point, the distance of the bucket from the zero point is between -17.5 m and +0.5 m, and when the distance of the bucket from the zero point exceeds -17.5 m to +0.5 m, the encoder determines that it is a fault, the running method of the bucket cancels the second uniform acceleration crawl and the subsequent procedures, and the bucket platform controls emergency stopping and alarms.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) To solve the problem that in the prior art, when open-pit mining is used, if a loose soil mountain is encountered, it will lead to the situation that mining cannot continue, at this time, the underground mining method of the vertical shaft is used to continue mining the ore body below, but because the platform of the vertical shaft is built on the mountain top, and the entrance of the open-pit mining is on the mountain slope, when the underground mining method is used, either the ore is directly mined from the middle section after being communicated with the open-pit mining section, or new mining conveying equipment needs to be added at the platform on the mountain top, and adding conveying equipment requires more engineering quantity and more expenses, which is not convenient, and choosing to directly mine from the middle section will seriously affect the efficiency because the steel wire rope cageway is used in the lifting process of the vertical shaft, in order to ensure the accurate parking and ore unloading of the middle section, a large amount of deceleration is required to slowly climb to the ore unloading point, which seriously affects the efficiency, and because of the steel wire rope, the cage is prone to shaking when it is pulled to open during parking and ore unloading, which is not convenient, through the vertical shaft communicating with the upper and lower mining areas, and the rigid cageway is installed at the communication part of the vertical shaft and the upper mining area, and the detector is installed below the rigid cageway, combined with the new acceleration and deceleration control and determination method, the system can accurately and stably park in the upper mining area, and the shaking during ore unloading is avoided, and on the basis of safe operation, the ore unloading efficiency is better improved through secondary acceleration.

[0019] 2) To solve the problem that in the prior art, the encoder is used to calculate the parking of the ore unloading in the middle section of the cage, but if the encoder malfunctions during long-term use, the cage cannot accurately decelerate and park, which can easily cause the situation that the ore cannot be unloaded and accidents occur, through the encoder for calculating the lifting of the cage, combined with the detector below the rigid cageway, the encoder calculation value deviation can be corrected every time the cage operates, and the secondary acceleration can be cancelled when the error is large, to ensure the safety of the system operation, and the encoder can also be combined with the correction to continue climbing to determine whether the encoder is malfunctioning, so that the malfunction of the encoder can be found in time, and the safety of the lifting is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the following drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mine of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical shaft plan view of the present application;

[0023] Fig. Mine - 1, upper mining area - 2, lifting system - 3, lower mining area - 4, skip platform - 3a, detector - 3b, shaft - 3c, skip - 3d, rigid cage - 3e, cage docking seat - 3f, steel wire rope cage - 3g, steel wire rope docking seat - 3h. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the embodiments of the application are not limited thereto.

[0025] The application provides a shaft lifting system and a method for operating the same, which structure comprises a mine 1, an upper mining area 2, a lifting system 3, and a lower mining area 4, wherein the upper mining area 2 and the lower mining area 4 are arranged in the mine 1, and the lifting system 3 vertically penetrates the top of the mine 1 to connect the upper mining area 2 and the lower mining area 4.

[0026] The lifting system 3 comprises a skip platform 3a, a detector 3b, a shaft 3c, a skip 3d, a rigid cage 3e, a cage docking seat 3f, a steel wire rope cage 3g, and a steel wire rope docking seat 3h, wherein the top of the shaft 3c penetrates the top of the mine 1, the shaft 3c is equipped with the skip platform 3a at the top of the mine 1, the skip platform 3a is used for lifting control of the skip 3d, the detector 3b, the skip 3d, the rigid cage 3e, and the steel wire rope cage 3g are arranged in the shaft 3c, the cage docking seat 3f and the steel wire rope docking seat 3h are fixed on the skip 3d, the top of the steel wire rope cage 3g is fixedly connected with the skip platform 3a, the bottom of the steel wire rope cage 3g is fixedly connected with the bottom of the shaft 3c, the skip 3d is assembled on the steel wire rope cage 3g through the steel wire rope docking seat 3h, the shaft 3c is equipped with the rigid cage 3e at the position communicating with the upper mining area 2, the cage docking seat 3f is used for docking with the rigid cage 3e, an encoder is arranged on the skip platform 3a, the encoder is used for calculating the lifting distance of the skip 3d, the detector 3b is arranged in the shaft 3c, the detector 3b is located 1 m below the rigid cage 3e, and the detector 3b is used for detecting the position of the skip 3d and correcting the encoder.

[0027] The running method comprises starting uniform acceleration crawl→ first uniform acceleration crawl→ first uniform crawl→ first uniform deceleration crawl→ second uniform crawl→ position correction→ second uniform acceleration crawl→ third uniform crawl→ second uniform deceleration crawl→ fourth uniform crawl→ parking, the distance of the starting uniform acceleration crawl is greater than or equal to 0.5 m, the speed of the starting uniform acceleration crawl is less than or equal to 0.3 m / s, the speed of the first uniform crawl is equal to 12 m / s, the deceleration point of the first uniform crawl is located at a distance of 112 m from the parking point, the speed of the second uniform crawl is less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, the end point of the second uniform crawl is located at a distance of 1 m above the bottom of the rigid guide 3e, the speed of the third uniform crawl is less than or equal to 1.5 m / s, the deceleration point of the third uniform crawl is located at a distance of 4 m from the parking point, and the speed of the fourth uniform crawl is less than or equal to 0.3 m / s.

[0028] Wherein, the running speed of the skip is calculated by the lifting distance and time obtained by the encoder.

[0029] Wherein, the second uniform acceleration crawl can be performed only when the speed of the skip 3d reaching 1 m below the rigid guide 3e is less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, and when the speed of the skip 3d reaching 1 m below the rigid guide 3e is greater than 0.75 m / s, the skip platform 3a controls emergency parking and alarms to ensure that the skip can enter the rigid guide smoothly and prevent accidents caused by the collision of the skip entering the rigid guide at a high speed.

[0030] Wherein, when the skip 3d reaches 1 m below the rigid guide 3e and the detector 3b does not detect the skip 3d, the skip 3d uniformly crawls at a speed less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, and after the detector 3b detects the skip 3d, the encoder value of the skip platform 3a is corrected to control the error of the encoder and ensure the accuracy of the lifting.

[0031] Wherein, the maximum error distance of the detector 3b calibrating the skip 3d is 4 m, and when the error of the detector 3b calibrating the skip 3d is greater than 4 m, the running method of the skip 3d cancels the second uniform acceleration crawl and the subsequent procedures, and directly uniformly crawls to the parking point to prevent accidents caused by the encoder error being too large and the deceleration being not timely after the second acceleration, and ensure the safety of the second acceleration.

[0032] Wherein, the acceleration of the first uniform acceleration crawl and the second uniform acceleration crawl and the deceleration of the first uniform deceleration crawl and the second uniform deceleration crawl are all 0.7 m / s 2 .

[0033] Wherein, the rigid guide 3e is provided with two or more, and the two or more rigid guides 3e are mirror assembled on the opposite sides of the running track of the skip 3d, and the number of the guide docking seats 3f is the same as that of the rigid guides 3e.

[0034] Wherein, after the detector 3b calibrates the encoder, when the skip 3d is climbing to the bottom of the rigid guide 3e by 1m, the parking point is zero, the distance between the skip 3d and the zero point is between-17.5m and +0.5m, when the distance between the skip 3d and the zero point is out of the range of-17.5m to +0.5m, the encoder determines that it is a fault, the running method of the skip 3d cancels the second uniform acceleration climbing and the subsequent procedures, the skip platform 3a controls emergency parking and alarms, preventing the accident caused by over lifting due to the encoder fault, and ensuring the safety of the middle section ore unloading lifting.

[0035] Embodiment: When encountering the situation that the middle section is loose and cannot continue to be mined, in the use process of the system, the vertical shaft 3c of the lifting system 3 can be connected with the upper mining area 2 and the lower mining area 4, the connection between the vertical shaft 3c and the upper mining area 2 is provided with the rigid guide 3e, so that the skip 3d is parked in the range of the rigid guide 3e when unloading ore at the upper mining area 2 of the middle section, so that the skip 3d does not shake when being pulled to open, ensuring the safety and stability of the skip 3d unloading ore in the middle section, at the same time, the detector 3b provided at 1m below the rigid guide 3e enables the system to more accurately determine the position of the skip 3d, combined with the encoder calculation of the skip platform 3a, the skip 3d can more accurately accelerate and decelerate, ensuring the safety of the skip 3d accelerating and decelerating, enabling the system to ensure the safety and stability of the skip 3d entering the rigid guide, and also enabling the system to accurately perform the operation of the second uniform acceleration climbing→the third uniform speed climbing→the second uniform deceleration climbing, and better ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent ore unloading and parking of the skip 3d, improving the running efficiency of the skip 3d, and thus improving the conveying efficiency of the mining;

[0036] And in the use of the system, the detector 3b combined with the encoder calculation of the skip platform 3a can correct the deviation of the encoder calculation value each time the skip 3d runs, and can cancel the second acceleration when the error is large, ensuring the safety of the system running, and also can determine whether the encoder is chaotic combined with the lifting calculation of the subsequent climbing after correction, facilitating the timely discovery of the encoder disorder and other faults, and ensuring the safety of the lifting.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0038] The control mode of the present application is controlled by manually starting and closing the switch, and the wiring diagram of the power element and the provision of the power source are well known in the art, and the present application is mainly used to protect the mechanical device, so the control mode and the wiring arrangement of the present application will not be explained in detail.

[0039] The basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application are shown and described above, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in any respect, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0040] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A vertical shaft hoisting system, which comprises a mine (1), an upper mining area (2), a hoisting system (3), and a lower mining area (4), wherein the upper mining area (2) and the lower mining area (4) are arranged in the mine (1), and the hoisting system (3) vertically penetrates the top of the mine (1) to connect the upper mining area (2) and the lower mining area (4). characterized in that The hoisting system (3) comprises a skip platform (3a), a detector (3b), a vertical shaft (3c), a skip (3d), a rigid guide rail (3e), a guide rail butt joint seat (3f), a steel wire rope guide rail (3g), and a steel wire rope butt joint seat (3h), wherein the vertical shaft (3c) penetrates the top of the mine (1), the vertical shaft (3c) is equipped with the skip platform (3a) at the top of the mine (1), the skip platform (3a) is used for the lifting control of the skip (3d), the detector (3b), the skip (3d), the rigid guide rail (3e), and the steel wire rope guide rail (3g) are arranged in the vertical shaft (3c), the guide rail butt joint seat (3f) and the steel wire rope butt joint seat (3h) are fixed on the skip (3d), the top of the steel wire rope guide rail (3g) is fixedly connected with the skip platform (3a), the bottom of the steel wire rope guide rail (3g) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the vertical shaft (3c), the skip (3d) is assembled on the steel wire rope guide rail (3g) through the steel wire rope butt joint seat (3h), the rigid guide rail (3e) is arranged at the position where the vertical shaft (3c) communicates with the upper mining area (2), the guide rail butt joint seat (3f) is used for butt joint with the rigid guide rail (3e), an encoder is arranged on the skip platform (3a), the encoder is used for calculating the lifting distance of the skip (3d), the detector (3b) is arranged in the vertical shaft (3c), the detector (3b) is located 1m below the rigid guide rail (3e), and the detector (3b) is used for detecting the position of the skip (3d) and correcting the encoder.

2. A shaft hoisting system according to claim 1, characterised in that: The rigid guide rail (3e) is provided with two or more, and the two or more rigid guide rails (3e) are mirror image arranged on the opposite sides of the running track of the skip (3d), and the number of the guide rail butt joint seats (3f) is the same as that of the rigid guide rails (3e).

3. A method of operating a shaft hoisting system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that: The running method comprises starting uniform acceleration crawl→first uniform acceleration crawl→first uniform crawl→first uniform deceleration crawl→second uniform crawl→position correction→second uniform acceleration crawl→third uniform crawl→second uniform deceleration crawl→fourth uniform crawl→stopping, the distance of the starting uniform acceleration crawl is greater than or equal to 0.5 m, the speed of the starting uniform acceleration crawl is less than or equal to 0.3 m / s, the speed of the first uniform crawl is equal to 12 m / s, the deceleration point of the first uniform crawl is located at a distance of 112 m from the stopping point, the speed of the second uniform crawl is less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, the end point of the second uniform crawl is located at a distance of 1 m above the bottom of the rigid guide (3e), the speed of the third uniform crawl is less than or equal to 1.5 m / s, the deceleration point of the third uniform crawl is located at a distance of 4 m from the stopping point, the speed of the fourth uniform crawl is less than or equal to 0.3 m / s, the second uniform acceleration crawl can be carried out only when the speed of the skip bucket (3d) is less than or equal to 0.75 m / s when it reaches a distance of 1 m below the rigid guide (3e), and when the speed of the skip bucket (3d) is greater than 0.75 m / s when it reaches a distance of 1 m below the rigid guide (3e), the skip bucket platform (3a) controls emergency stopping and alarms.

4. A method of operating a shaft hoisting system according to claim 3, characterised in that: When the encoder of the skip bucket platform (3a) detects that the skip bucket (3d) reaches a distance of 1 m below the rigid guide (3e) and the detector (3b) does not detect the skip bucket (3d), the skip bucket (3d) uniformly crawls at a speed less than or equal to 0.75 m / s, and after the detector (3b) detects the skip bucket (3d), the encoder value of the skip bucket platform (3a) is corrected.

5. A method of operating a shaft hoisting system according to claim 3, characterised in that: When the error distance of the detector (3b) calibrated skip bucket (3d) is greater than 4 m, the running method of the skip bucket (3d) cancels the second uniform acceleration crawl and the subsequent procedures, and directly uniformly crawls to the stopping point.

6. A method of operating a shaft hoisting system according to claim 3, characterised in that: The acceleration of the first uniform acceleration crawl and the second uniform acceleration crawl and the deceleration of the first uniform deceleration crawl and the second uniform deceleration crawl are all 0.7 m / s 2 .

7. A method of operating a shaft hoisting system according to claim 3, characterised in that: After the detector (3b) calibrates the encoder, when the skip bucket (3d) crawls to a distance of 1 m above the bottom of the rigid guide (3e), the skip bucket (3d) is located at a distance of -17.5 m to +0.5 m from the zero point, and when the distance of the skip bucket (3d) from the zero point exceeds -17.5 m to +0.5 m, the encoder determines that it is faulty, the running method of the skip bucket (3d) cancels the second uniform acceleration crawl and the subsequent procedures, and the skip bucket platform (3a) controls emergency stopping and alarms.

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