Cloud platform-based product whole life cycle carbon footprint evaluation system and implementation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system and implementation method based on a cloud platform, involving the fields of cloud computing and big data. It includes: a supply chain network cloud platform: serving as a cloud platform directly connected to enterprise users, covering supply chain enterprises corresponding to the product lifecycle, from raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling; composed of a front-end user UI, external API interfaces, and a back-end data processing and analysis unit; a lifecycle assessment cloud platform: realizing functions such as data management, retrieval, loading, data mining, and analysis, performing carbon footprint analysis and calculation, constructing a product lifecycle inventory database and realizing data storage and retrieval, and reviewing and arbitrating the results of calculated data; and cloud platform application enterprises: accessing the supply chain network cloud platform user UI through the cloud platform's user and management interfaces, enabling operations such as registration, request application, data interaction, and data storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cloud computing and big data, and in particular relates to a product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system and implementation method based on a cloud platform. Background Technology

[0002] To achieve carbon reduction, we first need an accurate method to assess carbon footprint. For the processing and manufacturing industry, the carbon footprint of a product refers to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a particular product, which includes carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (N2O), etc.

[0003] Among the many carbon footprint assessment methods, life cycle assessment (LCA) has the advantages of high accuracy and strong targeting, and therefore this method is widely used.

[0004] However, life cycle assessment methods require detailed carbon emission factors for each stage of product use and disposal, involving upstream and downstream enterprises involved in production, which places significant demands on human and material resources. Digital technologies, such as cloud computing, big data, 5G, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence, can effectively empower energy conservation and emission reduction efforts. These technologies enable the construction of a platform for collecting, aggregating, analyzing, and making decisions based on carbon footprint data throughout the product's life cycle, from raw material extraction and processing to recycling. A carbon assessment system based on a cloud service platform can share secure and reliable product and service process information in real time, facilitating improved resource utilization efficiency, reduced human and material costs, and enhanced accuracy, convenience, and intelligence in carbon footprint assessment and management. Since supply chain activities include not only information flows such as logistics and capital but also the corresponding carbon flows—the carbon footprint—building a product manufacturing service cloud platform can collaboratively manage the supply chain and carbon footprint, improving the accuracy of carbon footprint assessment.

[0005] With the launch of the national carbon emissions trading market, the lack of detailed, reliable, and real-time carbon emission data for products makes carbon asset measurement and management difficult. Furthermore, many enterprises lack strong carbon management awareness and have limited technical capabilities; building their own product lifecycle inventory (LCI) is too costly, and the lack of a unified, open-source, and highly accurate carbon footprint management and measurement platform increases the difficulty for regulatory authorities to verify carbon emissions. Therefore, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of carbon footprint accounting and address the above issues, it is urgent to adopt digital technologies to build a cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system. This will improve resource and energy utilization efficiency, promote industrial restructuring and upgrading, achieve green and intelligent socio-economic development, and ultimately reduce total energy consumption across society.

[0006] Existing patents still lack examples of combining cloud platforms, supply chains, and full lifecycle measurement methods. In patent CN 115809951 A[1], a product carbon footprint management method based on blockchain is proposed. This solution adds identification codes to products, and can obtain the codes of multiple components that make up the product by scanning the codes, thereby obtaining the corresponding carbon footprint data from the blockchain, and finally determining the carbon footprint data of the target product. This solution only focuses on the acquisition of carbon footprints of products and their components, and does not perform carbon footprint calculation from the perspective of the entire product lifecycle; this solution does not provide a carbon footprint calculation formula and method; and this solution does not build a cloud platform, nor does it include the supply chain manufacturers of the product, resulting in low calculation accuracy, and the real-time and accuracy of carbon footprint data are difficult to guarantee.

[0007] Although patent CN 114662781 A discloses a cloud-based intelligent carbon footprint assessment and management system, it does not adopt a full life cycle assessment method, does not obtain detailed carbon emission data for different life cycles of the product, does not build a co-construction, sharing, coexistence and common use carbon footprint calculation cloud platform, and does not reflect the role of the product supply chain. It only proposes a simple cloud-based system architecture and assessment process.

[0008] Patent CN 115150438 A primarily emphasizes a hardware device for acquiring key carbon emission data. This device is capable of acquiring carbon emission data and reporting it to a cloud platform. It does not involve product lifecycle assessment methods, nor does it construct a shareable cloud platform; its focus is on designing the terminal equipment for carbon emission data collection.

[0009] Currently, no carbon footprint calculation method for product lifecycle assessment based on cloud computing and big data technologies has been found. This patent is an innovative invention that combines cloud manufacturing, cloud supply chain and lifecycle carbon footprint calculation. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system and implementation method based on a cloud platform. By combining cloud computing and big data technologies, a product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform is proposed to improve the efficiency and accuracy of carbon footprint measurement.

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] A cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system, comprising a supply chain network cloud platform, a lifecycle assessment cloud platform, and cloud platform application enterprises:

[0013] Among them, the supply chain network cloud platform serves as a cloud platform that directly connects with enterprise users, covering supply chain enterprises corresponding to the product lifecycle, including raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling.

[0014] The life cycle assessment cloud platform enables data management, retrieval, loading, data mining and analysis, carbon footprint analysis and calculation, construction of the product life cycle inventory (LCI) database and data storage and retrieval, and review and arbitration of the calculated data results.

[0015] Enterprises using cloud platforms can access the supply chain network cloud platform user UI through the cloud platform's usage and management interfaces to register, submit requests, interact with data, and perform data storage operations.

[0016] As a further optimization of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform of the present invention, the supply chain network cloud platform includes a front-end user UI, external API interfaces, and a back-end data processing and analysis unit.

[0017] The front-end user interface is used by enterprise users to log in to the cloud platform and perform corresponding query, calculation, deletion, and modification operations.

[0018] External API interfaces include cloud platform usage and management interfaces and lifecycle assessment (LCA) cloud platform interfaces. The cloud platform usage and management interfaces are connected to the front-end user UI. The LCA cloud platform interfaces are used to link the supply chain network cloud platform and the lifecycle assessment cloud platform.

[0019] The backend data analysis and processing unit includes cloud database components and cloud network security product components to support frontend user actions including adding, deleting, modifying, and querying.

[0020] As a further optimization of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on the cloud platform of the present invention, the lifecycle assessment cloud platform includes platform users, supply chain network cloud platform access identity authentication, lifecycle assessment cloud platform interface, and lifecycle assessment cloud platform calculation and analysis system.

[0021] Platform users use and manage interfaces through the cloud platform of the supply chain network platform;

[0022] The supply chain network cloud platform accesses identity authentication, which uses web-based technologies to authenticate identities and submit user requests. Enterprise users are categorized according to their position in the supply chain, such as raw material suppliers, manufacturers and assemblers, transportation distributors, and resource recyclers. In addition, platform users also include regulatory authorities and other users.

[0023] The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) cloud platform interface is used to implement interactive functions such as data application and entry, data retrieval, data verification, data modeling, data calculation and analysis, and data reporting by calling the LCA cloud platform interface. It has a multi-level network collaborative control system. Based on the platform user's request, the platform user can request and download processed LCI data from the carbon emission factor database through the data application and entry and data retrieval functions in the LCA cloud platform interface. The data includes raw materials, energy utilization, and transportation and distribution links. The platform user can also choose to import the local LCI database into the cloud database of the Life Cycle Assessment cloud platform through the data application and entry function of the LCA cloud platform. First, the platform user's local LCI database needs to be verified by the cloud platform's data verification module, including but not limited to the verification of data string names, storage types, and version information. After the verification is passed, the data is extracted and cleaned before being loaded into the carbon emission factor database of the LCA cloud platform.

[0024] The life cycle assessment cloud platform computing and analysis system includes a carbon emission factor database, a carbon footprint analysis and calculation module, and data verification and impact assessment functional modules. The carbon footprint analysis and calculation module features elastic scaling and load balancing capabilities. By setting an elastic scaling threshold, when concurrent business increases and exceeds the threshold, the system automatically increases the cloud server, memory, and GPU resources required for analysis and calculation; conversely, when business volume decreases and falls below the threshold, the system automatically reduces the cloud server, memory, and GPU resources required for analysis and calculation.

[0025] An implementation method for a cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Enterprise users or other users log in and verify their identity through terminal devices, including but not limited to personal computers, tablets, mobile phones, and cloud computers; the supply chain network cloud platform confirms and distinguishes the identity of the logged-in user and the link in the supply chain.

[0027] Step 2: Enterprise users apply for carbon emission factor data for a product or a process. Enterprise users can choose to communicate directly with the enterprise. The request is fed back to the enterprise with the corresponding data through the supply chain network cloud platform. The enterprise extracts the required data from its internal data repository and returns it to the supply chain cloud platform to support the carbon footprint accounting of the data requester's product.

[0028] Step 3: Platform users select to invoke the LCA assessment cloud platform to perform data querying, data calculation, data verification, and data cloud storage operations on the platform; details are as follows:

[0029] Platform users can choose to query and retrieve data only on the LCA assessment platform, and then feed the data back to the data requesting user through the supply chain network platform. Alternatively, platform users can choose to perform data calculation and verification only on the LCA assessment platform, leveraging the computing power support provided by the LCA assessment platform to offer on-demand services. The calculated product or carbon footprint will also be verified and arbitrated by the LCA assessment platform, and finally, the data will be fed back to the platform application requesting party through the supply chain network platform. Platform users can also choose to utilize the full-stack capabilities of the LCA assessment platform, namely, utilizing its computing power, accessing the carbon emission factor database, data verification, and impact assessment capabilities.

[0030] Step 4: Determine whether to call the LCA assessment cloud platform. The platform enterprise user's data or service application will be returned to the user's client. The platform user can choose to perform further calculations, data review and assessment locally, and store the carbon emission factor and product carbon footprint locally.

[0031] Step 5: The data calculated and updated by the LCA assessment cloud platform will be stored in the carbon emission factor database for easy access and analysis by users on other platforms; while the data analyzed, calculated and updated by the enterprise locally will also be synchronously updated to the database of the LCA assessment cloud platform while stored locally.

[0032] As a further preferred embodiment of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform of the present invention, taking the processing and manufacturing of electronic products as an example, the carbon footprint lifecycle process of the product is calculated; the electronic products include mobile phones, tablet computers, personal computers, smart speakers, and television home products.

[0033] The life cycle assessment of electronic products is divided into six stages: raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling.

[0034] The raw material acquisition stage includes the mining, refining, and forging of raw materials;

[0035] The component manufacturing stage includes preliminary processing, forming, and manufacturing of major components and other parts;

[0036] The complete machine assembly stage includes the assembly, welding, integration, unit testing, and complete machine testing of electronic products.

[0037] The product distribution stage includes the packaging, loading, transportation, and delivery of electronic products;

[0038] The product usage phase mainly refers to the consumer's use of electronic products. Due to the energy conversion characteristics of electronic products, their usage phase mainly involves the consumption of electrical energy.

[0039] The recycling and processing stage refers to the recycling and processing of electronic products after they are updated, reach their service life, or become damaged. All six stages involve energy consumption, resource input, greenhouse gas generation, and waste emissions.

[0040] As a further preferred embodiment of the cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system of this invention, and in conjunction with the carbon emission accounting standards proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and combining the lifecycle method and the emission factor method, the calculation formula in the product carbon footprint lifecycle measurement method is as follows:

[0041] The formula for calculating the carbon footprint of electronic products throughout their entire lifecycle is as follows:

[0042] GHG = G M +G E +G F +G T +G U +G R (1)

[0043] In the formula, GHG represents the total carbon footprint (kgCO2e) of electronic products throughout their entire life cycle; G M This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the raw material acquisition stage; G E This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the component manufacturing stage; G F This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the overall assembly stage; G T This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the product distribution stage; G U Indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the product's usage phase; G R This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the recycling and treatment phase.

[0044] As a further preferred embodiment of the cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system of the present invention, the carbon footprint calculation for the raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, and complete machine assembly stages is as follows:

[0045] This stage mainly calculates greenhouse gas emissions and indirect carbon emissions from energy consumption during the raw material acquisition, processing, manufacturing, and assembly processes of producing a certain electronic product. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, G M This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the raw material acquisition stage; G E This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the component manufacturing stage; G F This represents the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the assembly stage; n represents the types of raw materials used in the raw material acquisition and processing process; A i This represents the activity data for the i-th material, generally referring to the material's mass (kg); EF i Q represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th material; j This represents the activity data of the j-th gas during the manufacturing process, generally referring to the gas's mass (kg); GF j EF represents the carbon emission factor of the j-th gas; EF represents the carbon emission factor of electricity used in the raw material acquisition or manufacturing process; and W represents the energy consumption in the raw material acquisition or manufacturing process.

[0050] As a further preferred embodiment of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to the present invention, the carbon footprint calculation during the product distribution stage is as follows:

[0051] This phase of carbon footprint measurement includes the process of transporting raw materials for electronic products from suppliers to manufacturers, and distributing finished products to distributors. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, G T Indicates carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the product distribution stage; D ij η represents the distance (km) to location j using the i-th type of vehicle; i Let D represent the average fuel efficiency of the i-th type of vehicle, which is a fixed value. ij / η i The fuel consumption L and Q of the i-th type of transport vehicle transporting goods to location j are calculated. i EF represents the net calorific value (MJ / L) of the fuel for the i-th type of vehicle; i This represents the carbon emission factor (kg / MJ) of the fuel used by the i-th type of vehicle.

[0054] As a further preferred embodiment of the cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system of the present invention, the carbon footprint calculation during the product usage phase is as follows:

[0055] Carbon emissions during product use mainly come from the electrical energy consumption of electronic products, taking into account the daily electrical energy consumption of electronic products during use, standby, and charging:

[0056] GU =Y×(T1W1+T2W2+T3W3)×EF×365 (6)

[0057] In the formula, G U The product's carbon emissions during its usage phase (kgCO2e) are represented by: Y; T1 represents the product's lifespan; W1 represents the product's daily usage time; T2 represents the product's daily standby time; W2 represents the product's daily standby power consumption; T3 represents the product's daily charging time; W3 represents the product's daily charging power consumption; and EF represents the carbon emission factor from electricity used during the product's usage.

[0058] As a further preferred embodiment of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to the present invention, the carbon footprint calculation during the product recycling and processing stage is as follows:

[0059] This phase includes the dismantling of electronic products, component recycling, parts reuse, and remanufacturing processes, which consume energy and produce greenhouse gases. The carbon emission calculation formula is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, G R Indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the recycling and processing stage; n represents the types of raw materials used in the product resource recycling and processing process; A i This represents the activity data for the i-th material, generally referring to the material's mass (kg); EF i Q represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th material; j This represents the activity data of the j-th gas during the product recycling process, generally referring to the gas's mass (kg); GF j EF represents the carbon emission factor of the j-th gas; EF represents the carbon emission factor of electricity used in the product recycling process; and W represents the energy consumption in the product recycling process.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:

[0063] 1. This invention combines digital technologies such as cloud computing and big data with product carbon footprint management and supply chain carbon reduction, and proposes a product life cycle carbon footprint evaluation system based on a cloud platform to improve the accuracy and efficiency of carbon footprint measurement;

[0064] 2. This invention constructs a unified market-oriented measurement platform, proposing a database and measurement model that are adaptive, can be updated in real time, and can correct errors. It can acquire, track, and measure the carbon footprint of products based on the cloud platform in real time, improve the precision of carbon management, and facilitate the verification and management of regulatory authorities.

[0065] 3. This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional carbon footprint management, which mainly relies on internal corporate carbon emission factor databases and open-source carbon emission factor databases, by connecting the upstream and downstream of the product manufacturing industry chain. Through an open and shared cloud platform, it can obtain carbon footprint data of the entire life cycle of each industry chain in product manufacturing, providing strong data and computing power support for product carbon footprint calculation.

[0066] 4. For enterprises, conducting product carbon footprint assessment and collecting carbon emission factors is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. By building a cloud platform, this invention lowers the threshold and cost for small and medium-sized enterprises to establish their own product lifecycle LCI database, making product carbon footprint assessment more convenient, efficient, and reliable.

[0067] 5. This invention proposes a novel operation and management model that balances the interests of different companies in the supply chain by building a carbon emission factor management community based on a cloud platform. The raw material suppliers, manufacturers, assemblers, and transportation distributors mentioned in this invention are the core stakeholders. The main stakeholders need to update the carbon emission factor data and related information of their corresponding supply chain links in exchange for the right to perform data retrieval, calculation, auditing and storage on the cloud platform. Attached Figure Description

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0069] Figure 1 This is the architecture diagram of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to the present invention;

[0070] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the computational analysis scheme of the lifecycle assessment cloud platform in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment based on a cloud platform in this embodiment of the invention;

[0072] Figure 4 This is a life cycle diagram of the carbon footprint of electronic products in this embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0074] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. The purpose and effects of the present invention will become clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0075] A cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system. Product carbon footprint calculation involves processes such as raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling. Any enterprise or organization that wants to calculate the carbon footprint of a product needs to connect the entire product lifecycle, which involves multiple departments such as product manufacturers, parts suppliers, transportation and logistics providers, distributors, and resource recycling companies.

[0076] This invention combines digital technologies such as cloud computing and big data with product carbon footprint management and supply chain carbon reduction, and proposes a product lifecycle carbon footprint evaluation system based on a cloud platform to improve the accuracy and efficiency of carbon footprint measurement.

[0077] By building a unified market-oriented measurement platform, we propose a database and measurement model that are adaptive, can be updated in real time, and can correct errors. This enables real-time acquisition, tracking, and measurement of the carbon footprint of products based on the cloud platform, improving the precision of carbon management and facilitating verification and management by regulatory authorities.

[0078] By connecting the upstream and downstream of the product manufacturing industry chain, it breaks through the limitations of traditional carbon footprint management, which mainly relies on internal corporate carbon emission factor databases and open-source carbon emission factor databases for calculation. Through an open and shared cloud platform, it can obtain carbon footprint data for the entire life cycle of each industry chain in product manufacturing, providing strong data and computing power support for product carbon footprint calculation.

[0079] To achieve product carbon footprint measurement, this invention employs a cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system. This system provides enterprise users with measurement services and necessary resources, such as... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the system includes:

[0080] Supply Chain Network Cloud Platform 101: This platform, directly connecting with enterprise users, covers the supply chain enterprises corresponding to the product lifecycle, including raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling. This platform can be considered a SaaS software product. The supply chain network platform establishes a platform-based community for users and enterprises. All supply chain enterprises throughout the product lifecycle can register and log in, and all enterprises in the supply chain jointly support and maintain information such as carbon emission factors.

[0081] The supply chain network cloud platform consists of a front-end user interface, external API interfaces, and a back-end data processing and analysis unit. Enterprise users log in to the cloud platform through the user interface and perform corresponding operations such as querying, calculating, deleting, and modifying information. The external API interfaces include a cloud platform usage and management interface and a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) cloud platform interface. The cloud platform usage and management interface connects to the front-end user interface; the LCA cloud platform interface links the supply chain network cloud platform and the Life Cycle Assessment cloud platform. The back-end data analysis and processing unit includes cloud database components and cloud network security product components to support the front-end user's actions such as adding, deleting, modifying, and querying. The supply chain network cloud platform does not involve data storage or carbon emission calculation. The main function of this platform is to build a virtual organization for information sharing and collaborative analysis among supply chain members, ensuring that all registered supply chain enterprises can open-source their product carbon footprint information, enabling any supply chain enterprise to complete carbon footprint calculations throughout the product lifecycle.

[0082] Government agencies or relevant regulatory authorities can also log in and register on the supply chain network cloud platform, and obtain audit elements such as data access and analysis results for the product lifecycle, in order to supervise and manage the entire cloud platform.

[0083] Life Cycle Assessment Cloud Platform 102: This platform implements functions such as data management, retrieval, loading, data mining, and analysis. It performs carbon footprint analysis and calculation, constructs a Product Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) database and enables data storage and retrieval, and conducts result verification and arbitration of calculated data. Product carbon footprint life cycle process data is collected and uploaded collaboratively by each member of the supply chain. Enterprise users communicate and transact after logging into the supply chain network cloud platform. By calling the LCA cloud platform interface, they perform data storage, data migration, data exchange, data mining, and analysis operations on the life cycle assessment cloud platform. Functions such as product carbon footprint calculation and analysis, data result verification and calibration, and cloud storage of carbon emission factors are all implemented on this platform.

[0084] Supply chain companies involved in the product lifecycle are responsible for providing key data such as carbon emission factors, production and manufacturing status, and operational status for their respective stages of the product lifecycle assessment. This data is stored in the LCI database of the Lifecycle Assessment Cloud Platform. Supply chain companies can choose to use existing data on the platform for analysis and calculation, or they can update the data for analysis and calculation. Both the input data and the calculated product carbon footprint results are stored in the Lifecycle Assessment Cloud Platform's database using a multi-copy storage method. Supply chain companies can also choose to only access and update the stored data.

[0085] Cloud Platform Application Enterprise 103: This section is the user module of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment cloud platform. The cloud platform application enterprise accesses the supply chain network cloud platform user UI through the cloud platform's usage and management interface, enabling registration, request submission, data interaction, and data storage. The cloud platform application enterprise can connect to the lifecycle assessment cloud platform through the supply chain network platform to obtain the required carbon emission factor data and perform carbon footprint analysis and calculation. The obtained data is verified locally by the cloud platform application enterprise, and further analysis and calculation are performed if necessary, and then stored on the enterprise user's local client. Simultaneously, the cloud platform enterprise user can also choose to only access and update the data, and it also supports completing product carbon footprint analysis and calculation, as well as data verification, locally.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, the calculation and analysis scheme of the life cycle assessment cloud platform consists of platform users 201, supply chain network cloud platform access authentication 202, life cycle assessment cloud platform interface 203, and life cycle assessment cloud platform calculation and analysis system 204. Platform users 201 use the cloud platform usage and management interface of the supply chain network platform, employing web-based technologies to achieve identity authentication and submit user requests. Enterprise users are categorized according to their position in the supply chain, such as raw material suppliers, manufacturers / assemblers, transportation distributors, and resource recyclers. Other platform users include regulatory departments and other users. The supply chain network cloud platform 101, by calling the LCA cloud platform interface, realizes interactive operation functions such as data application and entry, data retrieval, data review, data modeling, data calculation and analysis, and data reporting, and possesses a multi-level network collaborative control system.

[0087] Based on user requests, users can request and download processed LCI data from the carbon emission factor database through the data application and entry, and data retrieval functions in LCA cloud platform interface 203. This data includes information on raw materials, energy utilization, transportation, and distribution. Users can also choose to import their local LCI database into the cloud database of the lifecycle cloud platform through the LCA cloud platform's data application and entry function. First, the user's local LCI database needs to be verified by the cloud platform's data verification module, including but not limited to reviewing data string names, storage types, and version information. After verification, the data undergoes data extraction and cleaning before being loaded into the LCA cloud platform's carbon emission factor database. Cloud platform users can also request data from the existing carbon emission factor database in the LCA cloud platform to compensate for missing key data in the carbon emission calculation process. The platform then calls the carbon footprint analysis and calculation module to perform full lifecycle carbon footprint analysis and modeling for products and services. Based on the actual calculation results, an adaptive algorithm is used to select the optimal calculation scheme and path to achieve cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint calculation. The impact assessment of data runs through the entire process of calculation and analysis on the life cycle assessment cloud platform. Combining data from the carbon emission factor database and the results of carbon footprint analysis and calculation, the impact assessment tool audits the data to verify the rationality and authenticity of the calculation results. Finally, it provides data review and data reports through the LCA assessment platform interface to complete the final interpretation of the carbon footprint calculation results.

[0088] The life cycle assessment cloud platform computing and analysis system 204 mainly includes modules for carbon emission factor database, carbon footprint analysis and calculation, data verification, and impact assessment. The carbon footprint analysis and calculation module of the life cycle assessment cloud platform has elastic scaling and load balancing capabilities. By setting an elastic scaling threshold, when concurrent business increases and exceeds the threshold, the cloud host, memory, or GPU resources required for analysis and calculation will be automatically increased; when business volume decreases and falls below the threshold, the cloud host, memory, or GPU resources required for analysis and calculation will also be automatically reduced. When one or more computing units in the analysis and calculation module fail, the business will be automatically distributed to the remaining computing units to avoid single point of failure.

[0089] This invention also provides an implementation method for the aforementioned cloud-based product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes:

[0090] 302. First, enterprise users or other users log in and verify their identity through terminal devices, including but not limited to personal computers, tablets, mobile phones, and cloud computers. The supply chain network cloud platform confirms and distinguishes the identity of logged-in users and their respective links in the supply chain.

[0091] 303. For enterprise users requesting carbon emission factor data for a product or process, they can choose to communicate directly with the relevant enterprise. This request will be relayed through the supply chain network cloud platform to the enterprise possessing the corresponding data. The enterprise will then extract the required data from its internal data repository and return it to the supply chain cloud platform to support the carbon footprint accounting of the data requester's product. Alternatively, enterprise users can choose to utilize the data retrieval function of the LCA assessment cloud platform to perform relevant data retrieval within the platform's internal database.

[0092] 304. If platform users choose to call the LCA assessment cloud platform, they can perform operations such as data querying, data calculation, data auditing, and data cloud storage on the platform.

[0093] 305. Platform users can choose to query and retrieve data only on the LCA assessment platform, and then feed the data back to the data requesting user through the supply chain network platform. Alternatively, platform users can choose to perform data calculation and verification only on the LCA assessment platform, leveraging the computing power support provided by the LCA assessment platform to offer on-demand services. The calculated product or carbon footprint will also be verified and arbitrated by the LCA assessment platform, and finally fed back to the platform application requesting party through the supply chain network platform. Platform users can also choose to utilize the full-stack capabilities of the LCA assessment platform, namely, utilizing the LCA assessment platform's computing power, accessing the carbon emission factor database, data verification, and impact assessment capabilities.

[0094] 306. Regardless of whether the LCA assessment cloud platform is invoked, the platform enterprise user's data or service requests will be returned to the user's client.

[0095] 307. Platform users can choose to perform further calculations, data audits and assessments locally, and store carbon emission factors and product carbon footprints locally.

[0096] 308. Data calculated and updated by the LCA assessment cloud platform will be stored in the carbon emission factor database for easy access and analysis by users on other platforms. Meanwhile, data analyzed, calculated, and updated locally by the enterprise will also be simultaneously updated in the LCA assessment cloud platform's database while stored locally.

[0097] Specifically, taking the manufacturing of electronic products as an example, the carbon footprint lifecycle of these products is calculated. These electronic products include household or commonly used products such as mobile phones, tablets, personal computers, smart speakers, and televisions.

[0098] like Figure 4As shown, the life cycle assessment of electronic products is divided into six stages: raw material acquisition stage 401, component manufacturing stage 402, complete assembly stage 403, product distribution stage 404, product use stage 405, and recycling stage 406. The raw material acquisition stage 401 includes the mining, refining, and forging of raw materials; the component manufacturing stage 402 includes preliminary processing, forming, and manufacturing of major components and other parts; the complete assembly stage 403 includes the assembly, welding, integration, unit testing, and complete system testing of electronic products; the product distribution stage 404 includes the packaging, loading, transportation, and delivery of electronic products; the product use stage 405 mainly refers to the consumer's use of electronic products, which primarily consumes electricity due to their energy conversion characteristics; the recycling stage 406 refers to the recycling process after the electronic product is updated, reaches its service life, or is damaged. All six stages involve energy consumption, resource input, greenhouse gas generation, and waste emissions.

[0099] Furthermore, in accordance with the carbon emission accounting standards proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and combining the life cycle approach and the emission factor approach, the specific calculation formula for the carbon footprint life cycle measurement method of the product is as follows:

[0100] 1. Calculation of carbon footprint throughout the entire life cycle of electronic products

[0101] GHG = G M +G E +G F +G T +G U +G R (1)

[0102] In the formula, GHG represents the total carbon footprint (kg CO2e) of electronic products throughout their entire lifecycle; G M This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the raw material acquisition stage; G E This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the component manufacturing stage; G F This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the overall assembly stage; G T This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the product distribution stage; G U Indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the product's usage phase; G R This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the recycling and treatment phase.

[0103] 2. Carbon footprint calculation for the raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, and complete machine assembly stages.

[0104] This stage mainly calculates greenhouse gas emissions and indirect carbon emissions from energy consumption during the raw material acquisition, processing, manufacturing, and assembly processes of producing a certain electronic product. The calculation formula is as follows:

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[0108] In the formula, G M This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the raw material acquisition stage; G E This indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the component manufacturing stage; G F This represents the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the assembly stage; n represents the types of raw materials used in the raw material acquisition and processing process; A i This represents the activity data for the i-th material, generally referring to the material's mass (kg); EF i Q represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th material; j This represents the activity data of the j-th gas during the manufacturing process, generally referring to the gas's mass (kg); GF j EF represents the carbon emission factor of the j-th gas; EF represents the carbon emission factor of electricity used in the raw material acquisition or manufacturing process; and W represents the energy consumption in the raw material acquisition or manufacturing process.

[0109] 3. Carbon footprint calculation during product distribution

[0110] This phase of carbon footprint measurement includes the process of transporting raw materials for electronic products from suppliers to manufacturers, and distributing finished products to distributors. The calculation formula is as follows:

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[0112] In the formula, G T Indicates carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the product distribution stage; D ij η represents the distance (km) to location j using the i-th type of vehicle; i Let D represent the average fuel efficiency of the i-th type of vehicle, which is a fixed value. ij / η i The fuel consumption L and Q of the i-th type of transport vehicle transporting goods to location j are calculated. i EF represents the net calorific value (MJ / L) of the fuel for the i-th type of vehicle; i This represents the carbon emission factor (kg / MJ) of the fuel used by the i-th type of vehicle.

[0113] 4. Carbon footprint calculation during product use

[0114] Carbon emissions during product use mainly come from the electrical energy consumption of electronic products. Here, we mainly consider the electrical energy consumption of electronic products during daily use, standby, and charging:

[0115] G U =Y×(T1W1+T2W2+T3W3)×EF×365 (6)

[0116] In the formula, G U The product's carbon emissions during its usage phase (kgCO2e) are represented by: Y; T1 represents the product's lifespan; W1 represents the product's daily usage time; T2 represents the product's daily standby time; W2 represents the product's daily standby power consumption; T3 represents the product's daily charging time; W3 represents the product's daily charging power consumption; and EF represents the carbon emission factor from electricity used during the product's usage.

[0117] 5. Carbon footprint calculation during product recycling and disposal

[0118] This phase includes processes such as the dismantling of electronic products, component recycling, parts reuse, and remanufacturing. It consumes energy and produces greenhouse gases. The carbon emission calculation formula is as follows:

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[0120] In the formula, G R Indicates the carbon emissions (kgCO2e) during the recycling and processing stage; n represents the types of raw materials used in the product resource recycling and processing process; A i This represents the activity data for the i-th material, generally referring to the material's mass (kg); EF i Q represents the carbon emission factor of the i-th material; j This represents the activity data of the j-th gas during the product recycling process, generally referring to the gas's mass (kg); GF j EF represents the carbon emission factor of the j-th gas; EF represents the carbon emission factor of electricity used in the product recycling process; and W represents the energy consumption in the product recycling process.

[0121] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. All modifications and equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention. All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cloud platform-based product life cycle carbon footprint evaluation system, characterized in that: Includes supply chain network cloud platforms, lifecycle assessment cloud platforms, and cloud platform application companies: Among them, the supply chain network cloud platform serves as a cloud platform that directly connects with enterprise users, covering supply chain enterprises corresponding to the product lifecycle, including raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling. The life cycle assessment cloud platform enables data management, retrieval, loading, data mining and analysis, carbon footprint analysis and calculation, construction of the product life cycle inventory (LCI) database and data storage and retrieval, and review and arbitration of the calculated data results. Cloud platform application enterprises can access the supply chain network cloud platform user UI interface through the cloud platform's usage and management interface to register, submit requests, interact with data, and perform data storage operations. The supply chain network cloud platform includes a front-end user interface, external API interfaces, and back-end data processing and analysis. unit; The front-end user interface is used by enterprise users to log in to the cloud platform and perform corresponding query, calculation, deletion, and modification operations. External API interfaces include cloud platform usage and management interfaces and lifecycle assessment (LCA) cloud platform interfaces. The cloud platform usage and management interfaces are connected to the front-end user UI. The LCA cloud platform interfaces are used to link the supply chain network cloud platform and the lifecycle assessment cloud platform. The backend data analysis and processing unit includes cloud database components and cloud network security product components to support frontend user actions including adding, deleting, modifying, and querying. The lifecycle assessment cloud platform includes platform users, supply chain network cloud platform access identity authentication, lifecycle assessment cloud platform interface, and lifecycle assessment cloud platform computing and analysis system. Platform users use and manage interfaces through the cloud platform of the supply chain network platform; The supply chain network cloud platform accesses identity authentication, which uses web-based technologies to authenticate identities and submit user requests. Enterprise users are categorized according to their position in the supply chain, such as raw material suppliers, manufacturers and assemblers, transportation distributors, and resource recyclers. In addition, platform users also include other users from regulatory authorities. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) cloud platform interface is used to call the LCA cloud platform interface to realize data application and entry, data retrieval, data verification, data modeling, data calculation and analysis, and interactive data reporting functions. It has a multi-level network collaborative control system. Based on the platform user's request, the platform user can request and download processed LCI data from the carbon emission factor database through the data application and entry and data retrieval functions in the LCA cloud platform interface. The data includes raw materials, energy utilization, and transportation and distribution links. The platform user can also choose to import the local LCI database into the cloud database of the life cycle cloud platform through the data application and entry function of the LCA cloud platform. First, the platform user's local LCI database needs to be verified by the cloud platform's data verification module, including but not limited to the verification of data string names, storage types, and version information. After the verification is passed, the data is extracted and cleaned before being loaded into the carbon emission factor database of the LCA cloud platform. The life cycle assessment cloud platform computing and analysis system includes a carbon emission factor database, a carbon footprint analysis and calculation module, and data verification and impact assessment functional modules. The carbon footprint analysis and calculation module has elastic scaling and load balancing functions. By setting an elastic scaling threshold, when concurrent business increases and exceeds the threshold, the cloud host, memory, and GPU resources required for analysis and calculation will be automatically increased; when the business volume decreases and falls below the threshold, the cloud host, memory, and GPU resources required for analysis and calculation will also be automatically reduced.

2. An implementation method for a product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on the cloud platform described in claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Enterprise users or other users log in and verify their identity through terminal devices, including but not limited to personal computers, tablets, mobile phones, and cloud computers; the supply chain network cloud platform confirms and distinguishes the identity of the logged-in user and the link in the supply chain. Step 2: Enterprise users apply for carbon emission factor data for a product or a process. Enterprise users can choose to communicate directly with the enterprise. The request is fed back to the enterprise with the corresponding data through the supply chain network cloud platform. The enterprise extracts the required data from its internal data repository and returns it to the supply chain cloud platform to support the carbon footprint accounting of the data requester's product. Step 3: Platform users select to invoke the LCA assessment cloud platform to perform data querying, data calculation, data verification, and data cloud storage operations on the platform; details are as follows: Platform users can choose to query and retrieve data only on the LCA assessment platform, and then feed the data back to the data requesting user on the platform through the supply chain network platform; platform users can also choose to calculate and review data only on the LCA assessment platform, and use the LCA assessment platform to help platform users provide computing power support for on-demand services. The calculated product or carbon footprint will also be reviewed and arbitrated by the LCA assessment platform, and finally the data will be fed back to the platform application requesting party through the supply chain network platform. Platform users can also choose to apply the full-stack capabilities of the LCA assessment platform, namely, to utilize the LCA assessment platform's computing power, access the carbon emission factor database, and its data verification and impact assessment capabilities. Step 4: Determine whether to call the LCA assessment cloud platform. The platform enterprise user's data or service application will be returned to the user's client. The platform user can choose to perform further calculations, data review and assessment locally, and store the carbon emission factor and product carbon footprint locally. Step 5: The data calculated and updated by the LCA assessment cloud platform will be stored in the carbon emission factor database for easy access and analysis by users on other platforms; while the data analyzed, calculated and updated by the enterprise locally will also be synchronously updated to the database of the LCA assessment cloud platform while stored locally.

3. The implementation method of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: Taking the manufacturing of electronic products as an example, the carbon footprint lifecycle process of the products is calculated; the electronic products include mobile phones, tablets, personal computers, smart speakers, and television home products; The life cycle assessment of electronic products is divided into six stages: raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, complete machine assembly, product distribution, product use, and recycling. The raw material acquisition stage includes the mining, refining, and forging of raw materials; The component manufacturing stage includes preliminary processing, forming, and manufacturing of major components and other parts; The complete machine assembly stage includes the assembly, welding, integration, unit testing, and complete machine testing of electronic products. The product distribution stage includes the packaging, loading, transportation, and delivery of electronic products; The product usage phase refers to the consumer's use of electronic products. Due to the energy conversion characteristics of electronic products, their usage phase involves the consumption of electrical energy. The recycling and processing stage refers to the recycling and processing process of electronic products after they are updated, reach their service life, or are damaged; all six stages involve energy consumption, resource input, greenhouse gas generation, and waste emission.

4. The implementation method of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the carbon emission accounting standards proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and combining the life cycle approach and the emission factor approach, the calculation formula for the carbon footprint life cycle measurement method of the product is as follows: The formula for calculating the carbon footprint of electronic products throughout their entire lifecycle is as follows: （1） In the formula, This represents the total carbon footprint of an electronic product throughout its entire lifecycle. This indicates the carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage; This indicates the carbon emissions during the component manufacturing stage; This indicates the carbon emissions during the assembly phase of the entire machine. This indicates the carbon emissions during the product distribution phase. This indicates the carbon emissions during the product's usage phase; This indicates the amount of carbon emissions during the recycling and processing stage.

5. The implementation method of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon footprint calculation for the raw material acquisition, component manufacturing, and complete machine assembly stages is as follows: This stage mainly calculates greenhouse gas emissions and indirect carbon emissions from energy consumption during the raw material acquisition, processing, manufacturing, and assembly processes of producing a certain electronic product. The calculation formula is as follows: （2） （3） （4） In the formula, This indicates the carbon emissions during the raw material acquisition stage; This indicates the carbon emissions during the component manufacturing stage; This indicates the carbon emissions during the assembly phase of the entire machine. n This indicates the types of raw materials used in the acquisition and processing of raw materials; Indicates the first i Activity data for a type of material refers to the quality of the material; Indicates the first i Carbon emission factor of the material; Indicates the first step in the manufacturing process j The activity data for a gas refers to the mass of the gas; It indicates the first j Carbon emission factors of various gases; This refers to the carbon emission factor of electricity used in the raw material acquisition or manufacturing process. This indicates the energy consumption during the acquisition of raw materials or the production process.

6. The implementation method of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon footprint calculation during the product distribution phase is as follows: This phase of carbon footprint measurement includes the process of transporting raw materials for electronic products from suppliers to manufacturers, and distributing finished products to distributors. The calculation formula is as follows: （5） In the formula, This indicates the carbon emissions during the product distribution phase. Indicates the use of the first i Vehicles transported to j Distance from the ground; Let represent the average fuel efficiency of the i-th type of vehicle, which is a fixed value, obtained through... / Calculation yields the first i Transport vehicles transport to j fuel consumption of the land L ; This represents the net calorific value of the fuel for the i-th type of vehicle; Let represent the carbon emission factor of the fuel used by the i-th type of vehicle.

7. The implementation method of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon footprint calculation during the product's usage phase is as follows: Carbon emissions during product use originate from the electrical energy consumption of electronic products, taking into account the daily electrical energy consumption of electronic products during use, standby, and charging: （6） In the formula, Y represents the carbon emissions during the product's usage phase; Y represents the product's lifespan. Indicates the daily usage time of the product; This indicates the power consumption of the product during daily use. Indicates the product's daily standby time; This indicates the product's daily standby power consumption; Indicates the daily charging time of the product; This indicates the power consumption of the product during daily charging. This refers to the carbon emission factor of electricity generated during the use of electrical energy in the product.

8. The implementation method of the product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on a cloud platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The carbon footprint calculation for the product recycling and disposal phase is as follows: This phase includes the dismantling of electronic products, component recycling, parts reuse, and remanufacturing processes, which consume energy and produce greenhouse gases. The carbon emission calculation formula is as follows: （7） In the formula, This indicates the amount of carbon emissions during the recycling and processing stage; n This indicates the types of raw materials used in the product resource recycling process; Indicates the first i Activity data for a type of material refers to the quality of the material; Indicates the first i Carbon emission factor of the material; This indicates the first step in the product recycling process. j The activity data for a gas refers to the mass of the gas; It indicates the first j Carbon emission factors of various gases; This refers to the carbon emission factor of electricity used in the product recycling process. This indicates the energy consumption during the product recycling process.

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