Bolted tightening torque determination method, device and computer equipment

Abstract

This application relates to a method, apparatus, and computer device for determining the tightening torque of a bolted connection. The method analyzes the force data at the bolt connection location to determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load. Based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load, and bolt parameters corresponding to any bolt type, the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt are calculated. When the parameters representing preload and / or the parameters representing load meet the verification conditions, the minimum and maximum tightening torques are calculated based on the bolt parameters, minimum assembly preload, and maximum assembly preload. The verification conditions include at least one of surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification. Verifying the selected bolts before calculating the tightening torque can effectively improve the accuracy of bolt selection and enhance the reliability of the bolted connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle assembly technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and computer equipment for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, bolted connections are one of the most common connection methods between automotive components, and the torque method is the most widely used tightening method. Bolt selection and tightening torque design are the key and challenging aspects of bolted connection system design. Improper bolt selection or unreasonable tightening torque will lead to a series of connection failure problems such as torque attenuation, bolt loosening, surface crushing, breakage, and abnormal noise.

[0003] The existing bolt selection and tightening torque determination methods mainly rely on experience and benchmarking. In particular, the bolt selection is based on experience and benchmarking, referring to the similar structures of the platform vehicle and the benchmark vehicle. The tightening torque setting mainly follows the torque setting results of the same specification bolts in the torque list of the platform vehicle, but does not take into account the differences of the new structure. This may result in insufficient or excessive design, and cannot guarantee the reliability of the bolt connection.

[0004] The tightening torque calculation method uses the general formula for tightening torque: T=K·F·d. However, the torque coefficient K and the preload F are affected by many factors. The existing calculation method does not take all factors into account and does not fully verify the calculation results, resulting in low reliability of bolt connections.

[0005] Therefore, how to comprehensively verify the selected bolts when determining the tightening torque in order to improve the reliability of bolted connections has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, and computer device for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection, in order to solve the problem of how to comprehensively verify the selected bolts when determining the tightening torque and improve the reliability of the bolt connection.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection, the method comprising:

[0008] The stress data at the bolt connection location are analyzed to determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location.

[0009] Obtain the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt, and calculate the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load, and the bolt parameters.

[0010] The test checks whether the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions, which include at least one of the following verification conditions: surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification.

[0011] If the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load are found to meet the verification conditions, then the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are calculated based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload. The minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are used to guide and control the tightening of the bolt.

[0012] In one embodiment, after detecting whether the parameters characterized by preload and / or the parameters characterized by load meet the verification conditions, the method further includes:

[0013] If the parameters representing preload and / or load do not meet the verification conditions, replace the bolt with another type and obtain the bolt parameters of the other type of bolt.

[0014] Return to the step of calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load, and the bolt parameters.

[0015] In one embodiment, when the verification conditions include the surface crushing verification, the method further includes:

[0016] Obtain the minimum yield strength of the connected materials, and determine the minimum stress area and internal force coefficient of the bolt from the bolt parameters;

[0017] Multiply the minimum yield strength by the minimum stress area to obtain the first product result, and multiply the internal force coefficient by the maximum axial working load to obtain the second product result;

[0018] The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include:

[0019] The maximum assembly preload is checked to see if it is less than the difference between the first product result and the second product result.

[0020] In one embodiment, when the verification conditions include the working stress verification, checking whether the parameters characterized by preload and / or the parameters characterized by load meet the verification conditions includes:

[0021] The maximum preload of the bolt under working conditions is calculated using the following formula:

[0022] F Bmax =F Mmax +Φ·FAmax , of which F Bmax For the maximum preload, F Amax For the maximum axial working load, F Mmax The maximum assembly preload force is Φ, and the internal force coefficient is Φ.

[0023] The maximum tensile stress is calculated based on the maximum preload, using the following formula:

[0024] σ Zmax =F Bmax / A0, where σ Zmax The maximum tensile stress is A0, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the bolt is A0.

[0025] The formula for calculating the maximum torsional stress is as follows:

[0026] Where, τ max The maximum torsional stress is given by d2, where d2 is the pitch diameter of the bolt's external thread, P is the bolt's pitch, and μ is the maximum torsional stress. smin Let d0 be the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt, and d0 be the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the bolt.

[0027] The formula for calculating the composite stress of the bolt under working conditions is as follows:

[0028] Where, σ red,B For the composite stress, k τ This is the working stress check coefficient;

[0029] The test determines whether the composite stress is less than the yield strength of the bolt material.

[0030] In one embodiment, when the verification conditions include the shear stress verification, the method further includes:

[0031] The shear stress area and thread shear strength of the bolt are determined from the bolt parameters.

[0032] Multiplying the shear stress area by the thread shear strength yields a third product result;

[0033] The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include:

[0034] Detect whether the maximum shear working load is less than the third product result.

[0035] In one embodiment, when the verification conditions include the alternating stress verification, the method further includes:

[0036] The stress cross-sectional area, internal force coefficient, and fatigue limit of the bolt are determined from the bolt parameters.

[0037] Multiplying the stress cross-sectional area by the fatigue limit yields the fourth product result;

[0038] The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include:

[0039] The test checks whether the product of the maximum axial working load and the internal force coefficient is less than the fourth product result.

[0040] In one embodiment, calculating the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload includes:

[0041] The formula for calculating the maximum torque coefficient is as follows:

[0042] K max = [0.159P + 0.577·μ] smax ·d2+0.5·μ wmax ·D w ] / d,

[0043] Among them, K max The maximum torque coefficient is μ, where P is the bolt pitch. smax μ is the maximum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmax D is the maximum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt. w d1 is the effective diameter of the bearing surface of the bolt, d2 is the pitch diameter of the external thread of the bolt, and d is the nominal diameter of the bolt;

[0044] The theoretical minimum tightening torque and the theoretical maximum tightening torque are calculated using the following formulas:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, T Mmin F is the theoretical minimum tightening torque. Mmin T is the minimum assembly preload force. Mmax The theoretical maximum tightening torque is given, and m is the tightening accuracy.

[0047] The minimum and maximum tightening torques are calculated using the following formulas:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, T min T is the minimum tightening torque. max The maximum tightening torque is given.

[0050] In one embodiment, calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load, and the bolt parameters includes:

[0051] The minimum anti-loosening preload is calculated using the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, F Vmin F is the minimum anti-loosening preload. Qmax q is the maximum shear working load. F μ represents the number of transverse load friction surfaces of the bolt. Tmin q is the anti-slip coefficient of the bolt's mating surface. M r is the number of friction surfaces under torsional load on the bolt. a Let Φ be the friction radius of the bolt, Φ be the internal force coefficient of the bolt, and F be the friction radius of the bolt. Amax The maximum axial working load is M, ΔF is the relaxation force of the bolt, and M is the maximum axial working load. Y The maximum torsional load;

[0054] The formulas for calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload are as follows:

[0055]

[0056] Among them, F Mmin F is the minimum assembly preload force. Mmax The maximum assembly preload force is κ, the minimum preload force safety factor is α. A The tightening factor is defined by the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Where, μ smin Let μ be the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmax The maximum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt is μ. wmin The minimum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt.

[0059] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a bolt connection tightening torque determining device, the tightening torque determining device comprising:

[0060] The stress analysis module is used to analyze the stress data at the bolt connection location and determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location.

[0061] The preload calculation module is used to obtain the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt, and calculate the minimum assembly preload and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load and the bolt parameters.

[0062] The verification module is used to detect whether the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions, which include at least one of surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification.

[0063] The tightening torque determination module is used to calculate the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload if the parameters characterized as preload and / or the load are found to meet the verification conditions. The minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are used to guide and control the tightening of the bolt.

[0064] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer device, the computer device including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the tightening torque determination method as described in the first aspect.

[0065] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment compared with the prior art are as follows: This application analyzes the force data at the bolt connection location to determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location, obtains the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt, and calculates the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load, and bolt parameters. When the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions, the minimum and maximum tightening torque are calculated based on the bolt parameters, minimum assembly preload, and maximum assembly preload. The verification conditions include at least one of surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification. Verifying the selected bolt before calculating the tightening torque can effectively improve the accuracy of bolt selection and enhance the reliability of the bolt connection. Attached Figure Description

[0066] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0067] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a bolt connection tightening torque determination device provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0069] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in Embodiment 3 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0070] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0071] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0072] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0073] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0074] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0076] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the following embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0077] To illustrate the technical solution of this application, specific embodiments are described below.

[0078] This application provides a method for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection, applicable to vehicle assembly processes. The method is programmed into software and installed on various computer devices, including laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, cloud computing devices, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). The computer device can also call other software services to analyze the bolt connection location and connect to a server to obtain bolt parameters for different bolt types, including but not limited to structural parameters such as nominal bolt diameter d, pitch P, minor diameter of the external thread d1, mean diameter of the external thread d2, and stress section diameter d. S Stress cross-sectional area A S Minimum cross-sectional diameter d0, stress cross-sectional area A0, friction radius r a Thread engagement length L, number of lateral load friction surfaces q F Number of friction surfaces under torsional load q M , installation point structural gap s, deformation δ caused by embedding S The amount of deformation δ caused by creep P Deformation δ caused by temperature change T Etc; Performance parameters: Bolt stiffness K B Stiffness K of the connected parts C Bolt strength grade, bolt yield strength R p0.2min Bolt tensile strength σ BBσ, the crush strength of the connected parts cmin Etc.; Coefficient of friction: Maximum thread friction coefficient μ smax Minimum thread friction coefficient μ smin Maximum bearing surface friction coefficient μ wmax Minimum bearing surface friction coefficient μ wmin Anti-slip coefficient μ of the bonding surface Tmin wait.

[0079] See Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection according to Embodiment 1 of this application. This method for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection is applied to computer equipment. Figure 1 As shown, the method for determining the tightening torque of this bolt connection may include the following steps:

[0080] Step S101: Analyze the force data at the bolt connection location to determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location.

[0081] In this application, the force data at the bolted connection location can be obtained by measurement under actual working conditions, or by simulation analysis of different working conditions at the bolted connection location based on Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) in engineering design. The purpose of the analysis is to obtain the maximum shear load, the maximum axial load, and the maximum torsional load at the bolted connection location under all working conditions or all known working conditions.

[0082] Shear load, also known as transverse load, is denoted by F. Q The unit is N, and the maximum shear working load is F. Qmax Axial working load, also known as axial load, is denoted by F. A The unit is N, and the maximum axial working load is F. Amax Torsional load is represented by M. Y It indicates that the unit is Nm.

[0083] Step S102: Obtain the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt. Based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load and bolt parameters, calculate the minimum assembly preload and maximum assembly preload of the bolt.

[0084] In this application, different bolt models have different parameters, and therefore, the corresponding theoretical assembly preload is different for different bolt models.

[0085] The theoretical preload is related to the minimum anti-loosening preload of the bolt. The minimum anti-loosening preload of the bolt should take into account the changes in preload caused by load and the effect of relaxation force caused by deformation. Of course, the minimum anti-loosening preload can also be the theoretical minimum anti-loosening preload of the bolt (unrelated to load changes).

[0086] Optionally, based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load, and bolt parameters, the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt are calculated, including:

[0087] The minimum anti-loosening preload is calculated using the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, F Vmin To minimize the preload for loosening, F Qmax For the maximum shear working load, q F μ represents the number of transverse load friction surfaces of the bolt. Tmin q is the anti-slip coefficient of the bolt mating surface. M r is the number of friction surfaces of the bolt under torsional load. a Let F be the friction radius of the bolt, Φ be the internal force coefficient of the bolt, and F be the friction radius of the bolt. Amax The maximum axial working load is given by ΔF, where ΔF is the bolt relaxation force and M is the maximum axial working load. Y This represents the maximum torsional load.

[0090] The formulas for calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload are as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, F Mmin For minimum assembly preload, F Mmax κ is the maximum assembly preload, α is the minimum preload safety factor, and α is the maximum assembly preload. A The tightening factor is given by the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] Where, μ smin μ is the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmax μ is the maximum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt. wmin This is the minimum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt.

[0095] Among them, considering that the minimum anti-loosening preload is related to the load and deformation, the above calculation formula is used for calculation, that is, the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load and the maximum torsional load are introduced.

[0096] The minimum assembly preload is a multiple of the minimum anti-loosening preload. This multiple is the minimum preload safety factor, which can be set according to requirements or tests. Furthermore, this multiple can be 1.2 to 1.4.

[0097] In addition, the maximum permissible assembly preload can be calculated. This maximum permissible assembly preload is related to the bolt parameters. Generally, the preload should not exceed this maximum permissible assembly preload when tightening the bolt. The formula for calculating the maximum permissible assembly preload is as follows:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, F Mzul The maximum permissible assembly preload, A0 is the stress cross-sectional area, v R R represents the utilization rate of bolt yield strength. p0.2min d1 is the bolt yield strength, d2 is the pitch diameter of the external thread, d0 is the minimum cross-sectional diameter, and μ is the minimum cross-sectional diameter. smin is the minimum thread friction coefficient, and P is the thread pitch.

[0100] Step S103: Check whether the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions.

[0101] In this application, the verification conditions include at least one of the following: surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification.

[0102] The parameters characterized as preload can refer to the maximum assembly preload, minimum assembly preload, etc., while the parameters characterized as loads can refer to shear load, axial load, torsional load, etc. Among them, the parameters characterized as preload are related to surface crushing check and working stress check, while the parameters characterized as loads are related to working stress check, shear stress check and alternating stress check.

[0103] Optionally, when the verification conditions include surface crush verification, the following may also be included:

[0104] Obtain the minimum yield strength of the materials being connected, and determine the minimum stress area and internal force coefficient of the bolt from the bolt parameters;

[0105] Multiply the minimum yield strength by the minimum stress area to obtain the first product result, and multiply the internal force coefficient by the maximum axial working load to obtain the second product result;

[0106] The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include:

[0107] Check whether the maximum assembly preload is less than the difference between the first product result and the second product result.

[0108] Under tightening conditions, the maximum surface pressure on the connected parts should be less than their crush strength; otherwise, plastic deformation and surface crushing will occur. Surface crushing can lead to adverse effects such as reduced preload and changes in the coefficient of friction, resulting in instability in the bolted connection system and causing problems such as bolt loosening and torque attenuation.

[0109] The main cause of surface crushing is excessive tightening torque or insufficient bearing area, leading to surface stress on the connected parts exceeding their own crushing strength. This causes plastic deformation of the connected parts, resulting in torque attenuation. Methods to prevent surface crushing include: correctly designing the tightening torque to control axial preload; increasing the bearing surface area by enlarging the flange face, adding flat gaskets, and reducing the diameter of through holes; and improving surface crushing strength through heat treatment, surface treatment, and material replacement.

[0110] Surface crushing verification requires comprehensive consideration of various working conditions under actual stress during and after tightening. The surface stress of the connected parts should be less than their crushing strength. During tightening, the clamping force of the connected parts is equal to the tensile force of the bolt. The condition for no surface crushing is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] In the formula, σ Mmax For the maximum assembly stress of the bolt, A min For the minimum stress area, σ cmin It represents the minimum yield strength of the materials being joined.

[0113] Under axial load, the clamping force of the connected parts and the bolt tensile force are no longer equal. Therefore, surface crushing checks must be performed on the connected parts at the bolt / nut flange and the mating surface, respectively. When the axial load is in the same direction as the bolt preload (bolt elongation), the pressure on the connected parts at the bolt or nut flange is the maximum. The condition for no surface crushing is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, σ Bmax F is the maximum assembly stress of the bolt when the axial load and the preload are in the same direction. Bmax This is the maximum preload of the bolt when the axial load and the preload are in the same direction.

[0116] When the axial load is opposite to the direction of the bolt preload (bolt elongation), the pressure on the connected parts is at its maximum at the mating surface, and the surface does not crush under the following conditions:

[0117]

[0118] In the formula, σ Cmax F is the maximum assembly stress of the bolt when the axial load is opposite to the preload. CmaxThis is the maximum preload of the bolt when the axial load is opposite to the direction of the preload.

[0119] Optionally, when the verification conditions include working stress verification, checking whether the parameters characterized by preload and / or the parameters characterized by load meet the verification conditions includes:

[0120] The formula for calculating the maximum preload of the bolt under working conditions is as follows:

[0121] F Bmax =F Mmax +Φ·F Amax , of which F Bmax For maximum preload, F Amax For the maximum axial working load, F Mmax The maximum assembly preload is Φ, where Φ is the internal force coefficient.

[0122] The maximum tensile stress is calculated based on the maximum preload, using the following formula:

[0123] σ Zmax =F Bmax / A0, where σ Zmax The maximum tensile stress is A0, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the bolt is A0.

[0124] The formula for calculating the maximum torsional stress is as follows:

[0125] Where, τ max The maximum torsional stress is given by d2, where d2 is the pitch diameter of the bolt's external thread, P is the bolt's pitch, and μ is the maximum torsional stress. smin d is the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt, and d0 is the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the bolt;

[0126] The formula for calculating the composite stress of the bolt under working conditions is as follows:

[0127] Where, σ red,B For composite stress, k τ This is the working stress check coefficient;

[0128] Check whether the combined stress is less than the yield strength of the bolt material.

[0129] To prevent bolt loosening due to insufficient axial preload or bolt yielding or breakage due to excessive preload, assembly preload verification is generally required. However, bolt preload changes under external working loads; therefore, simply verifying the assembly preload is insufficient, and working stress verification is also necessary. Under working loads, the combined working stress on the bolt should be less than its yield strength. Even if the tightening and assembly process is flawless, excessive working stress can cause the bolt to yield or break under working conditions. If the working stress does not meet requirements, consider upgrading the bolt's performance grade to increase its yield strength, increasing the nominal bolt diameter to increase the stress cross-sectional area, and thus reducing the working stress.

[0130] Optionally, when the verification conditions include shear stress verification, the following may also be included:

[0131] Determine the shear stress area and thread shear strength of the bolt from the bolt parameters;

[0132] Multiplying the shear stress area by the thread shear strength yields the third product result;

[0133] The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include:

[0134] Check whether the maximum shear working load is less than the result of the third product.

[0135] To prevent bolts from breaking under lateral loads, the maximum shear stress should meet the following requirements:

[0136]

[0137] In the formula, τ Qmax For the maximum shear stress, A τ For the shear stress area, τ B This refers to the thread shear strength.

[0138] Under operating conditions, the maximum shear stress on a bolt should be less than its shear strength. Excessive shear stress can lead to lateral misalignment of the connected parts and shear fracture of the bolt under lateral loads. Measures to prevent excessive shear stress include: improving the bolt's performance grade to increase its shear strength, and increasing the bolt's nominal diameter to increase the stress cross-sectional area, thereby reducing shear stress.

[0139] Optionally, when the verification conditions include alternating stress verification, the following may also be included:

[0140] Determine the stress cross-sectional area, internal force coefficient, and fatigue limit of the bolt from its parameters;

[0141] Multiplying the stress cross-sectional area by the fatigue limit yields the fourth product result;

[0142] The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include:

[0143] Check whether the product of the maximum axial working load and the internal force coefficient is less than the result of the fourth product.

[0144] To prevent bolt fatigue fracture failure, the following conditions must be met:

[0145] σ α <σ AS

[0146] In the formula, σ AS The fatigue limit, A represents the fatigue stress amplitude of a bolt. s Where Φ is the stress cross-sectional area and Φ is the internal force coefficient.

[0147] Under vibration loads, the alternating stress on a bolt during operation should be less than its fatigue limit. If the fatigue stress amplitude exceeds the fatigue limit, fatigue fracture will occur at the threads. The purpose of alternating stress checking is to verify whether the bolt has sufficient fatigue strength. Measures to prevent bolt fatigue fracture include: increasing bolt size to reduce the bolt fatigue stress amplitude, and optimizing the manufacturing process by lowering the performance grade to improve bolt fatigue strength.

[0148] Step S104: If the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions, then the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are calculated based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload.

[0149] In this application, the minimum and maximum tightening torques are used to guide the tightening of control bolts. When the aforementioned preload and load parameters meet the verification conditions, the minimum and maximum tightening torques for the corresponding bolts are calculated. In use, maintaining the tightening torque between the minimum and maximum tightening torques satisfies the preload requirement and also meets the aforementioned verification conditions.

[0150] Optionally, after checking whether the parameters characterized by preload and / or the parameters characterized by load meet the verification conditions, the method further includes:

[0151] If the parameters representing preload and / or load do not meet the verification conditions, replace the bolt with another type and obtain the bolt parameters of the other type of bolt.

[0152] Return to the previous step and calculate the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load, and bolt parameters.

[0153] If the preload and load parameters mentioned above do not meet the verification conditions, it is necessary to adjust other types of bolts and repeat steps S102 and S103 until the verification conditions are met.

[0154] Optionally, based on bolt parameters, minimum assembly preload, and maximum assembly preload, the minimum tightening torque and maximum tightening torque are calculated, including:

[0155] The formulas for calculating the maximum and minimum torque coefficients are as follows:

[0156]

[0157] Among them, K max K is the maximum torque coefficient. min Where P is the minimum torque coefficient, P is the bolt pitch, and D is the minimum torque coefficient. w d1 is the effective diameter of the bolt's bearing surface, d2 is the pitch diameter of the bolt's external thread, d is the nominal diameter of the bolt, and μ is the nominal diameter of the bolt. smin μ is the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmin μ is the minimum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt. smax μ is the maximum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmax The maximum friction coefficient of the bolt's bearing surface;

[0158] The theoretical minimum tightening torque and the theoretical maximum tightening torque are calculated using the following formulas:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, T Mmin For the theoretical minimum tightening torque, F Mmin For minimum assembly preload, T Mmax The theoretical maximum tightening torque is given by m, where m represents the tightening accuracy.

[0161] The minimum and maximum tightening torques are calculated using the following formulas:

[0162]

[0163] Among them, T min For the minimum tightening torque, T max This is the maximum tightening torque.

[0164] Additionally, to facilitate comparison with the current tightening torque during bolt tightening operations, the calculated minimum and maximum tightening torques can be rounded down. Perform the rounding operation.

[0165] This application analyzes the force data at the bolt connection location to determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location. It obtains the bolt parameters corresponding to any bolt type. Based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load, and bolt parameters, it calculates the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt. When the parameters representing preload and / or the parameters representing load meet the verification conditions, it calculates the minimum and maximum tightening torque based on the bolt parameters, minimum assembly preload, and maximum assembly preload. The verification conditions include at least one of surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification. Verifying the selected bolt before calculating the tightening torque can effectively improve the accuracy of bolt selection and enhance the reliability of the bolt connection.

[0166] Corresponding to the bolt connection tightening torque determination method in the above embodiment, Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a bolt connection tightening torque determining device according to Embodiment 2 of this application is shown. This tightening torque determining device is applied to computer equipment. For ease of explanation, only the parts relevant to the embodiments of this application are shown.

[0167] See Figure 2 The tightening torque determining device includes:

[0168] The stress analysis module 21 is used to analyze the stress data at the bolt connection location and determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location.

[0169] The preload calculation module 22 is used to obtain the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt, and calculate the minimum assembly preload and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load and bolt parameters.

[0170] The verification module 23 is used to detect whether the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions. The verification conditions include at least one of the following: surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification.

[0171] The tightening torque determination module 24 is used to calculate the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload if the parameters characterized as preload and / or the load are found to meet the verification conditions. The minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are used to guide and control the tightening of the bolt.

[0172] Optionally, the tightening torque determining device further includes:

[0173] The bolt replacement module is used to replace the bolt with another type after detecting whether the parameters representing preload and / or load meet the verification conditions. If the parameters representing preload and / or load do not meet the verification conditions, the bolt parameters of the other type of bolt are obtained.

[0174] Return to the execution module, which is used to return to the steps of calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, maximum torsional load, and bolt parameters.

[0175] Optionally, when the verification conditions include surface crush verification, the tightening torque determining device further includes:

[0176] The first parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the minimum yield strength of the connected materials and determine the minimum stress area and internal force coefficient of the bolt from the bolt parameters.

[0177] The first parameter calculation module is used to multiply the minimum yield strength by the minimum stress area to obtain the first product result, and to multiply the internal force coefficient by the maximum axial working load to obtain the second product result;

[0178] The aforementioned verification module 23 includes:

[0179] The first verification unit is used to detect whether the maximum assembly preload is less than the difference between the first product result and the second product result.

[0180] Optionally, when the verification conditions include working stress verification, the above verification module 23 includes:

[0181] The first calculation unit is used to calculate the maximum preload of the bolt under working conditions, and the formula is as follows:

[0182] F Bmax =F Mmax +Φ·F Amax , of which F Bmax For maximum preload, F Amax For the maximum axial working load, F Mmax The maximum assembly preload is Φ, where Φ is the internal force coefficient.

[0183] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the maximum tensile stress based on the maximum preload, using the following formula:

[0184] σ Zmax =F Bmax / A0, where σ Zmax The maximum tensile stress is A0, and the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the bolt is A0.

[0185] The third calculation unit is used to calculate the maximum torsional stress, and the formula is as follows:

[0186] Where, τ max The maximum torsional stress is given by d2, where d2 is the pitch diameter of the bolt's external thread, P is the bolt's pitch, and μ is the maximum torsional stress. smin d is the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt, and d0 is the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the bolt;

[0187] The fourth calculation unit is used to calculate the combined stress of the bolt under working conditions, using the following formula:

[0188] Where, σ red,B For composite stress, k τ This is the working stress check coefficient;

[0189] The second verification unit is used to check whether the composite stress is less than the material yield strength of the bolt.

[0190] Optionally, when the verification conditions include shear stress verification, the tightening torque determining device further includes:

[0191] The second parameter acquisition unit is used to determine the shear stress area and thread shear strength of the bolt from the bolt parameters;

[0192] The second parameter calculation unit is used to multiply the shear stress area by the thread shear strength to obtain the third product result;

[0193] The aforementioned verification module 23 includes:

[0194] The third verification unit is used to check whether the maximum shear working load is less than the third product result.

[0195] Optionally, when the verification conditions include alternating stress verification, the tightening torque determining device further includes:

[0196] The third parameter acquisition unit is used to determine the stress cross-sectional area, internal force coefficient and fatigue limit of the bolt from the bolt parameters;

[0197] The third parameter calculation unit is used to multiply the stress cross-sectional area by the fatigue limit to obtain the fourth product result;

[0198] The aforementioned verification module 23 includes:

[0199] The fourth verification unit is used to check whether the product of the maximum axial working load and the internal force coefficient is less than the result of the fourth product.

[0200] Optionally, the tightening torque determination module 24 mentioned above includes:

[0201] The torque coefficient calculation unit is used to calculate the maximum and minimum torque coefficients, using the following formula:

[0202] K max = [0.159P + 0.577·μ] smax ·d2+0.5·μ wmax ·D w ] / d,

[0203] Among them, K max The maximum torque coefficient is μ, where P is the bolt pitch. smax μ is the maximum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmax D is the coefficient of friction of the maximum bearing surface of the bolt. w d1 is the effective diameter of the bolt's bearing surface, d2 is the pitch diameter of the bolt's external thread, and d is the nominal diameter of the bolt.

[0204] The theoretical torque calculation unit is used to calculate the theoretical minimum tightening torque and the theoretical maximum tightening torque, as shown in the following formula:

[0205]

[0206] Among them, T Mmin For the theoretical minimum tightening torque, F Mmin For minimum assembly preload, T Mmax The theoretical maximum tightening torque is given by m, where m represents the tightening accuracy.

[0207] The tightening torque calculation unit is used to calculate the minimum and maximum tightening torques, using the following formulas:

[0208]

[0209] Among them, T min For the minimum tightening torque, T max This is the maximum tightening torque.

[0210] Optionally, the preload calculation module 22 mentioned above includes:

[0211] The anti-loosening preload calculation unit is used to calculate the minimum anti-loosening preload, and the formula is as follows:

[0212]

[0213] Among them, F Vmin To minimize the preload for loosening, F Qmax For the maximum shear working load, q F μ represents the number of transverse load friction surfaces of the bolt. Tmin q is the anti-slip coefficient of the bolt mating surface. M r is the number of friction surfaces of the bolt under torsional load. a Let F be the friction radius of the bolt, Φ be the internal force coefficient of the bolt, and F be the friction radius of the bolt. Amax The maximum axial working load is given by ΔF, where ΔF is the bolt relaxation force and M is the maximum axial working load.Y This represents the maximum torsional load.

[0214] The assembly preload calculation unit is used to calculate the minimum and maximum assembly preload, using the following formula:

[0215]

[0216] Among them, F Mmin For minimum assembly preload, F Mmax κ is the maximum assembly preload, α is the minimum preload safety factor, and α is the maximum assembly preload. A The tightening factor is given by the following formula:

[0217]

[0218] Where, μ smin μ is the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. wmax μ is the maximum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt. wmin This is the minimum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt.

[0219] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above modules are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, which will not be repeated here.

[0220] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in Embodiment 3 of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the computer device of this embodiment includes: at least one processor ( Figure 3 Only one is shown in the diagram), a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on at least one processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the embodiments of the method for determining the tightening torque of any of the bolt connections described above.

[0221] This computer device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 3 The examples of computer devices are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation on computer devices. Computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown, or combinations of certain components, or different components, such as network interfaces, displays, and input devices.

[0222] The processor referred to can be a CPU, but it can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0223] Memory includes readable storage media, internal memory, etc., wherein internal memory can be the RAM of a computer device, providing an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer-readable instructions stored in the readable storage media. The readable storage media can be the hard drive of a computer device, or in other embodiments, it can be an external storage device of the computer device, such as a plug-in hard drive, Smart Media Card (SMC), Secure Digital (SD) card, or Flash Card. Furthermore, memory can include both internal storage units and external storage devices of a computer device. Memory is used to store the operating system, applications, bootloader, data, and other programs, such as program code for computer programs. Memory can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0224] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above device can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments of this application can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the above method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. A computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, a recording medium, a computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media. Examples include USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks. In some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media cannot be electrical carrier signals or telecommunication signals.

[0225] The implementation of all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be accomplished by a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a computer device, it enables the computer device to execute the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0226] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0227] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0228] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / computer devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus / computer device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0229] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0230] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the tightening torque of a bolted connection, characterized in that, The method for determining the tightening torque includes: The stress data at the bolt connection location are analyzed to determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location. Obtain the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt, and calculate the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load, and the bolt parameters. The test checks whether the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions, which include at least one of the following verification conditions: surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification. If the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load are found to meet the verification conditions, then the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are calculated based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload and the maximum assembly preload. The minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are used to guide and control the tightening of the bolt. Based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload, the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are calculated as follows: Calculate the maximum torque coefficient based on the bolt parameters; Multiply the maximum torque coefficient, the minimum assembly preload, and the nominal diameter of the bolt to obtain the theoretical minimum tightening torque; Determine the ratio of the sum of 1 and the tightening accuracy to the difference between 1 and the tightening accuracy, and multiply the ratio by the theoretical minimum tightening torque to obtain the theoretical maximum tightening torque; Calculate the average of the theoretical minimum tightening torque and the theoretical maximum tightening torque, multiply the average by the difference to obtain the minimum tightening torque, and multiply the average by the sum to obtain the maximum tightening torque.

2. The method for determining tightening torque according to claim 1, characterized in that, After checking whether the parameters characterized by preload and / or the parameters characterized by load meet the verification conditions, the process also includes: If the parameters representing preload and / or load do not meet the verification conditions, replace the bolt with another type and obtain the bolt parameters of the other type of bolt. Return to the step of calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load, and the bolt parameters.

3. The method for determining tightening torque according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the verification conditions include the surface crush verification, the following are also included: Obtain the minimum yield strength of the connected materials, and determine the minimum stress area and internal force coefficient of the bolt from the bolt parameters; Multiply the minimum yield strength by the minimum stress area to obtain the first product result, and multiply the internal force coefficient by the maximum axial working load to obtain the second product result; The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include: The maximum assembly preload is checked to see if it is less than the difference between the first product result and the second product result.

4. The method for determining tightening torque according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the verification conditions include the working stress verification, checking whether the parameters characterized by preload and / or the parameters characterized by load meet the verification conditions includes: The maximum preload of the bolt under working conditions is calculated using the following formula: ,in, The maximum preload force, The maximum axial working load is... The maximum assembly preload force, The internal force coefficient of the bolt; The maximum tensile stress is calculated based on the maximum preload, using the following formula: ,in, The maximum tensile stress, This represents the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the bolt. The formula for calculating the maximum torsional stress is as follows: ,in, The maximum torsional stress, The mean diameter of the external thread of the bolt. The pitch of the bolt is... Let be the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. The minimum cross-sectional diameter of the bolt; The formula for calculating the composite stress of the bolt under working conditions is as follows: ,in, For the composite stress, This is the working stress check coefficient; The test determines whether the composite stress is less than the yield strength of the bolt material.

5. The method for determining tightening torque according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the verification conditions include the shear stress verification, the following are also included: The shear stress area and thread shear strength of the bolt are determined from the bolt parameters. Multiplying the shear stress area by the thread shear strength yields a third product result; The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include: Detect whether the maximum shear working load is less than the third product result.

6. The method for determining tightening torque according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the verification conditions include the alternating stress verification, the following are also included: The stress cross-sectional area, internal force coefficient, and fatigue limit of the bolt are determined from the bolt parameters. Multiplying the stress cross-sectional area by the fatigue limit yields the fourth product result; The verification criteria for whether parameters characterized as preload and / or parameters characterized as load meet the following include: The test checks whether the product of the maximum axial working load and the internal force coefficient is less than the fourth product result.

7. The method for determining tightening torque according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload, the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are calculated as follows: The formula for calculating the maximum torque coefficient is as follows: ， in, The maximum torque coefficient is... The pitch of the bolt is... The maximum thread friction coefficient of the bolt is given. The maximum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt. The effective diameter of the bearing surface of the bolt is [missing information]. The mean diameter of the external thread of the bolt. The nominal diameter of the bolt; The theoretical minimum tightening torque and the theoretical maximum tightening torque are calculated using the following formulas: ， in, The theoretical minimum tightening torque is... The minimum assembly preload force, The theoretical maximum tightening torque is... For tightening accuracy; The minimum and maximum tightening torques are calculated using the following formulas: ， in, The minimum tightening torque is... The maximum tightening torque is given.

8. The method for determining tightening torque according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load, and the bolt parameters, the minimum and maximum assembly preload of the bolt are calculated as follows: The minimum anti-loosening preload is calculated using the following formula: ， in, The minimum anti-loosening preload, The maximum shear working load is... The number of lateral load friction surfaces of the bolt. The slip resistance coefficient of the bolt's mating surface is given by [reference to a specific parameter]. The number of friction surfaces subjected to torsional load on the bolt. Let be the friction radius of the bolt. Let be the internal force coefficient of the bolt. The maximum axial working load is... The relaxation force of the bolt. The maximum torsional load; The formulas for calculating the minimum and maximum assembly preload are as follows: ， in, The minimum assembly preload force, The maximum assembly preload force, To minimize the preload safety factor, The tightening factor is defined by the following formula: ， in, Let be the minimum thread friction coefficient of the bolt. The maximum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt. The minimum bearing surface friction coefficient of the bolt is given. The thread angle of the bolt is denoted as .

9. A device for determining the tightening torque of a bolt connection, characterized in that, The tightening torque determining device includes: The stress analysis module is used to analyze the stress data at the bolt connection location and determine the maximum shear working load, maximum axial working load, and maximum torsional load at the bolt connection location. The preload calculation module is used to obtain the bolt parameters corresponding to any type of bolt, and calculate the minimum assembly preload and maximum assembly preload of the bolt based on the maximum shear working load, the maximum axial working load, the maximum torsional load and the bolt parameters. The verification module is used to detect whether the parameters characterized as preload and / or the parameters characterized as load meet the verification conditions, which include at least one of surface crushing verification, working stress verification, shear stress verification, and alternating stress verification. The tightening torque determination module is used to calculate the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload if the parameters characterized as preload and / or the load are detected to meet the verification conditions. The minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are used to guide and control the tightening of the bolt. Based on the bolt parameters, the minimum assembly preload, and the maximum assembly preload, the minimum tightening torque and the maximum tightening torque are calculated as follows: Calculate the maximum torque coefficient based on the bolt parameters; Multiply the maximum torque coefficient, the minimum assembly preload, and the nominal diameter of the bolt to obtain the theoretical minimum tightening torque; Determine the ratio of the sum of 1 and the tightening accuracy to the difference between 1 and the tightening accuracy, and multiply the ratio by the theoretical minimum tightening torque to obtain the theoretical maximum tightening torque; Calculate the average of the theoretical minimum tightening torque and the theoretical maximum tightening torque, multiply the average by the difference to obtain the minimum tightening torque, and multiply the average by the sum to obtain the maximum tightening torque.

10. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the tightening torque determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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