A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content, which relates to the technical field of dry lotus root planting. The method comprises the steps of building a seedling pond, selecting seeds, soaking seeds, raising seedlings and the like. First, dry lotus root varieties with high starch content are screened out. Then, the soil structure of the seedling pond is optimized, the soaking liquid is optimized, the soaking steps are optimized, and multiple light treatments are optimized. At the same time, corresponding stem and leaf development promoting liquid is used to significantly promote the development of dry lotus root stems and leaves, thereby selecting the best and screening dry lotus roots with higher starch content. Allicin is also added to the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid, which has antibacterial and antifungal properties, thereby improving the survival rate of seedling transplanting and affecting the agronomic traits of the dry lotus root, thereby improving the soluble sugar content of the dry lotus root and thus improving the wine yield of the dry lotus root.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dry lotus root planting, and in particular to a method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content. Background Art

[0002] Yam, also known as dry lotus root, is a medicinal herb. It's also known as Wangsun, Mumeng, and Banana Yam. Its rhizome is used medicinally, boasting benefits such as replenishing qi and dispelling cold and dampness. It can also be eaten cooked directly, rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron, 17 amino acids, vitamin B, and vitamin C. It's nutritious and easy to digest. Starch is an extremely versatile industrial raw material. Currently, 80% of starch used in domestic industry, medicine, and food is corn starch, with the remaining 20% ​​coming from sweet potato and potato starch. Banana Yam, a member of the Canna family, is a highly promising starch crop. Its primary component is starch, making it a versatile crop that serves as food, energy, and feed. Yam is easy to care for, requiring relatively rough cultivation methods, yet produces high yields, reaching 3,000 to 5,000 jin (approximately 100 catties) per mu. Every 100 jin (approximately 100 catties) of raw lotus root yields 20 to 25 jin (approximately 100 catties) of starch. Dry lotus root vermicelli made from dry lotus root starch is smooth, non-greasy, and delicious, boasting spleen-tonifying properties, making it a rare, pollution-free, and green food.

[0003] The Dashishan area of ​​Guangxi has a long tradition of cultivating lotus roots, which is the main source of income for many farmers. Based on a yield of 4,000 jin per mu, and the fact that every 100 jin of raw lotus roots can produce 22 jin of starch, and a starch price of 6 yuan per jin of lotus root, the per-mu output value is around 5,000 yuan. If the starch content of lotus roots can be increased to 26 jin per 100 jin of raw lotus roots, the per-mu output value of lotus roots will reach around 6,000 yuan, significantly increasing farmers' income. It can be seen that selecting lotus root varieties with high starch content can significantly increase farmers' income, but currently there is no feasible method for selecting lotus root varieties with high starch content. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content, which can effectively screen out dry lotus root varieties with high starch content and effectively increase the per-acre output value of dry lotus root.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Construction of the nursery pond: The nursery pond is sequentially provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 20-25 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 20-30 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 8-12 cm;

[0007] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 30-35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 10-15 parts of sandy soil, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.04 parts of S-absorbent;

[0008] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 30-35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 30-35 parts of sandy soil, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.04 parts of S-absorbent;

[0009] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content and cut them into pieces to obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds;

[0010] (3) Seed soaking:

[0011] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain once-soaked lotus root pieces; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 15 to 20 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 6 to 8 mg / kg;

[0012] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces soaked once in a second soaking solution, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 8-12 mg / kg of gibberellin, 20-25 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 6-8 g / kg of calcium chloride;

[0013] (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves;

[0014] (5) One-stage night light treatment: add 6 to 8 hours of night light every day, and spray the whole seedling with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and continue for 5 to 7 days to obtain a one-stage treated seedling; the one-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains urea at a concentration of 30 to 35 g / kg and S-inducible at a concentration of 4 to 6 mg / kg;

[0015] (6) Two-stage night light treatment: add 4 to 6 hours of night light every day, and spray the whole seedling with the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and continue for 3 to 5 days to obtain the seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains urea at a concentration of 30 to 35 g / kg, S-inducible at a concentration of 4 to 6 mg / kg, and gibberellin at a concentration of 4 to 6 mg / kg;

[0016] (7) Screening: The number of lotus leaves is used as the screening standard for seedlings.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (1), the nursery pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer in order from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 22 to 25 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 25 to 30 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 10 to 12 cm;

[0018] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32-35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13-15 parts of sandy soil, 10-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03-0.04 parts of S-absorbent;

[0019] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 to 35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 33 to 35 parts of sandy soil, 10 to 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 to 0.04 parts of S-inducible.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (1), the sandy soil layer is composed of sandy soil; and 20 to 30 wt% of decomposed pig manure is added to the sandy soil layer.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the varieties of dry lotus roots selected are: Fengren dry lotus roots and Longgui dry lotus roots.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step 3.1), the first seed soaking solution uses deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17 to 20 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7 to 8 mg / kg.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step 3.2), the lotus root pieces that have been soaked once are soaked in a second soaking liquid, taken out, and dried to obtain lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice; the second soaking liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains gibberellin at a concentration of 10 to 12 mg / kg, copper sulfate at a concentration of 23 to 25 mg / kg, and calcium chloride at a concentration of 7 to 8 g / kg.

[0024] Furthermore, in the step (5), 7 to 8 hours of nighttime illumination is added daily, and at the same time, a section of stem and leaf development promoting liquid is sprayed on the entire seedling until the stems and leaves of the seedling are fully moistened, and this is continued for 6 to 7 days to obtain a section of treated seedling; the section of stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains urea at a concentration of 32 to 35 g / kg and S-inducible at a concentration of 5 to 6 mg / kg.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step (6), 5 to 6 hours of nighttime light is added daily, and at the same time, the whole seedling is sprayed with a second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedling are fully moistened, and the process is continued for 4 to 5 days to obtain a second-stage treated seedling; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains urea at a concentration of 32 to 35 g / kg, S-inducible at a concentration of 5 to 6 mg / kg, and gibberellin at a concentration of 5 to 6 mg / kg.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (6), the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid also contains allicin at a concentration of 3 to 5 mg / kg.

[0027] Furthermore, in step (7), the number of leaves of the seedlings is 3 to 6, and the number of lotus root leaves is used as the seedling screening standard; seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for screening varieties of dry lotus root with high starch content, firstly selecting Fengren dry lotus root, Longgui dry lotus root, Guixingyu No. 3, and Majiaotang dry lotus root for testing:

[0029] (1) Sampling method:

[0030] The sampling period was the tuber expansion period of the dry lotus root, and the sampling time was 9-10 am. Three plants of each variety were sampled.

[0031] The sampling sites were the leaves, stems and tubers of lotus root. The leaf sampling site was the third leaf from the top, the stem sampling site was 20 cm upward from the junction of the tuber and the tuber sampling site was the middle tissue site of uniform size.

[0032] (2) Analysis of agronomic traits and physiological characteristics:

[0033] Agronomic traits: The tiller number, plant height and stem diameter of dry lotus root were investigated at each growth stage, and the tuber yield was measured at maturity.

[0034] Leaf photosynthesis: The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of lotus leaves were measured using a LI-6800 photosynthetic instrument.

[0035] Starch synthesis-related enzymes: Fresh leaves, stems and tubers of lotus root were collected to measure the activities of starch synthesis-related enzymes such as sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SS), adenosine diphosphate glucose carboxylase (AGPP), starch synthase (SSS), starch granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), and starch branching enzyme (SBE);

[0036] Sugar and starch accumulation: The leaves, stems and tubers of lotus roots were taken, withered, dried, crushed and sieved, and the contents of starch accumulation-related physiological indicators such as soluble sugar, reducing sugar, sucrose, soluble protein and starch were determined.

[0037] Changes in agronomic traits of lotus root varieties with different starch contents:

[0038] Table 1 Comparison of agronomic traits of lotus root varieties with different starch contents

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] Note: Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicate significant differences (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant differences (P<0.01). The same applies to Tables 2-4.

[0042] Changes in photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of lotus root varieties with different starch contents:

[0043] Table 2 Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of lotus root varieties with different starch contents

[0044]

[0045] Changes in starch content in tubers of lotus root varieties with different starch contents:

[0046] Table 3 Comparison of starch content in tubers of different lotus root varieties

[0047]

[0048] Changes in the activities of key enzymes for starch accumulation in tubers of lotus root varieties with different starch contents:

[0049] Table 4 Comparison of key enzyme activities for starch accumulation in tubers of lotus root varieties with different starch contents

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Two varieties of lotus root with high starch content were selected: Fengren and Longgui. Comparison of various parameters revealed that the starch content of Fengren and Longgui lotus roots was higher than that of Guixingtaro No. 3 and Majiaotang lotus roots. The tiller number, plant height, stem diameter, and tuber yield per plant of Fengren and Longgui lotus roots were lower than those of Guixingtaro No. 3 and Majiaotang lotus roots. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 mole fraction, and transpiration rate of Fengren and Longgui lotus roots were higher than those of Guixingtaro No. 3 and Majiaotang lotus roots. The bound starch synthase activity, starch branching enzyme activity, and sucrose synthase activity (decomposition direction) of Fengren and Longgui lotus roots were higher than those of Guixingtaro No. 3 and Majiaotang lotus roots. This suggests that the selection of lotus roots with high starch content is traceable, and it is preliminarily inferred that the development of lotus root stems and leaves may directly affect their starch content.

[0053] The present invention provides a method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content. First, dry lotus root varieties with high starch content are screened out, and then the soil structure of the seedling pond, the soaking liquid, the soaking steps, and multiple light treatments are optimized while supplemented with corresponding stem and leaf development promoting liquid, which significantly promotes the development of the stems and leaves of the dry lotus roots, thereby selecting the best from the best and screening out dry lotus roots with higher starch content.

[0054] The present invention provides a method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content. Allicin is also added to the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid, which has antibacterial and antifungal properties and plays a role in improving the survival rate of seedling transplanting. It also has the effect of affecting the agronomic traits of the dry lotus root, can increase the soluble sugar content of the dry lotus root, and thus increase the wine yield of the dry lotus root. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following examples may help those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but shall not limit the present invention in any way.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0058] (1) Construction of a nursery pond: The nursery pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 20 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 20 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 8 cm; the sandy soil layer is composed of sandy soil; 20 wt% of decomposed pig manure is also added to the sandy soil layer;

[0059] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 30 parts of decomposed pig manure, 10 parts of sandy soil, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02 parts of S-absorbent;

[0060] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 30 parts of decomposed pig manure, 30 parts of sandy soil, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02 parts of S-absorbent;

[0061] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Fengren dry lotus root;

[0062] (3) Seed soaking:

[0063] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain once-soaked lotus root pieces; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 15 mg / kg of carbendazim and 6 mg / kg of tea polyphenols;

[0064] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 8 mg / kg of gibberellin, 20 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 6 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0065] (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves;

[0066] (5) One-stage night light treatment: The seedlings that have grown two leaves in step (4) are subjected to one-stage night light treatment; the night light is added for 6 hours every day, and the entire seedling is sprayed with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and the treatment is continued for 5 days to obtain a one-stage treated seedling; the one-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 30 g / kg of urea and 4 mg / kg of S-inducible;

[0067] (6) Two-stage night light treatment: add 4 hours of night light every day, and spray the whole seedling with the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and continue for 3 days to obtain the seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 30 g / kg of urea, 4 mg / kg of S-inducible, 4 mg / kg of gibberellin, and 3 mg / kg of allicin;

[0068] (7) Screening: After the second stage of night light treatment, the number of leaves of the seedlings reaches 3 to 6, and the number of leaves of the lotus root is used as the seedling screening standard; the seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; the seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0069] Take dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content, and plant 1 mu each; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant density is 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the aboveground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the dry lotus roots obtained from the dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0072] (1) Construction of a nursery pond: The nursery pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 25 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 30 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 12 cm; the sandy soil layer is composed of sandy soil; and 30 wt% of decomposed pig manure is added to the sandy soil layer;

[0073] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 15 parts of sandy soil, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.04 parts of S-absorbent;

[0074] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 35 parts of sandy soil, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.04 parts of S-absorbent;

[0075] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Longgui dry lotus root;

[0076] (3) Seed soaking:

[0077] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain once-soaked lotus root pieces; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 20 mg / kg of carbendazim and 8 mg / kg of tea polyphenols;

[0078] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 12 mg / kg of gibberellin, 25 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 8 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0079] (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves;

[0080] (5) One-stage night light treatment: The seedlings that have grown two leaves in step (4) are subjected to one-stage night light treatment; the night light is added for 8 hours every day, and the whole seedling is sprayed with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and the treatment is continued for 7 days to obtain seedlings treated with one stage; the stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 35 g / kg of urea and 6 mg / kg of S-inducible;

[0081] (6) Two-stage night light treatment: add 6 hours of night light every day, and spray the whole seedling with the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and continue for 5 days to obtain the seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 35g / kg of urea, 6mg / kg of S-inducible, 6mg / kg of gibberellin, and 5mg / kg of allicin;

[0082] (7) Screening: After the second stage of night light treatment, the number of leaves of the seedlings reaches 3 to 6, and the number of leaves of the lotus root is used as the seedling screening standard; the seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; the seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0083] Take dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content, and plant 1 mu each; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant density is 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the aboveground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the dry lotus roots obtained from the dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0086] (1) Construction of a nursery pond: The nursery pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 22 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 25 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 10 cm; the sandy soil layer is composed of sandy soil; 25 wt% of decomposed pig manure is also added to the sandy soil layer;

[0087] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 parts of S-absorbent;

[0088] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 parts of decomposed pig manure, 33 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 parts of S-absorbent;

[0089] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Fengren dry lotus root;

[0090] (3) Seed soaking:

[0091] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain a first-soaked lotus root piece; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7 mg / kg;

[0092] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 10 mg / kg of gibberellin, 23 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 7 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0093] (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves;

[0094] (5) One-stage night light treatment: The seedlings that have grown two leaves in step (4) are subjected to one-stage night light treatment; the night light is added for 7 hours every day, and the whole seedling is sprayed with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and the treatment is continued for 6 days to obtain seedlings treated with one stage; the stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 32 g / kg of urea and 5 mg / kg of S-inducible;

[0095] (6) Two-stage night light treatment: 5 hours of night light was added every day, and the whole seedling was sprayed with the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings were fully moistened, and the treatment lasted for 4 days to obtain the seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid used deionized water as solvent, and contained 32 g / kg urea, 5 mg / kg S-inducible, 5 mg / kg gibberellin, and 4 mg / kg allicin;

[0096] (7) Screening: After the second stage of night light treatment, the number of leaves of the seedlings reaches 3 to 6, and the number of leaves of the lotus root is used as the seedling screening standard; the seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; the seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0097] Take dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content, and plant 1 mu each; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant density is 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the aboveground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the dry lotus roots obtained from the dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0100] (1) Construction of a nursery pond: The nursery pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 22 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 25 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 10 cm; the sandy soil layer is composed of sandy soil; 25 wt% of decomposed pig manure is also added to the sandy soil layer;

[0101] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 parts of S-absorbent;

[0102] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 parts of decomposed pig manure, 33 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 parts of S-absorbent;

[0103] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Fengren dry lotus root;

[0104] (3) Seed soaking:

[0105] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain a first-soaked lotus root piece; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7 mg / kg;

[0106] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 10 mg / kg of gibberellin, 23 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 7 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0107] (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves;

[0108] (5) One-stage night light treatment: The seedlings that have grown two leaves in step (4) are subjected to one-stage night light treatment; the night light is added for 7 hours every day, and the whole seedling is sprayed with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and the treatment is continued for 6 days to obtain seedlings treated with one stage; the stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 32 g / kg of urea and 5 mg / kg of S-inducible;

[0109] (6) Second-stage night light treatment: 5 hours of night light was added daily, and the whole seedling was sprayed with second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings were fully moistened, and the treatment lasted for 4 days to obtain seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid used deionized water as solvent and contained 32 g / kg urea, 5 mg / kg S-inducible, and 5 mg / kg gibberellin;

[0110] (7) Screening: After the second stage of night light treatment, the number of leaves of the seedlings reaches 3 to 6, and the number of leaves of the lotus root is used as the seedling screening standard; the seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; the seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0111] Take dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content, and plant 1 mu each; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant density is 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the aboveground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the dry lotus roots obtained from the dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0112] Example 5

[0113] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0114] (1) Construction of a nursery pond: The nursery pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 22 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 25 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 10 cm; the sandy soil layer is composed of sandy soil; 25 wt% of decomposed pig manure is also added to the sandy soil layer;

[0115] The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 parts of S-absorbent;

[0116] The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 parts of decomposed pig manure, 33 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 parts of S-absorbent;

[0117] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Longgui dry lotus root;

[0118] (3) Seed soaking:

[0119] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain a first-soaked lotus root piece; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7 mg / kg;

[0120] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 10 mg / kg of gibberellin, 23 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 7 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0121] (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves;

[0122] (5) One-stage night light treatment: The seedlings that have grown two leaves in step (4) are subjected to one-stage night light treatment; the night light is added for 7 hours every day, and the whole seedling is sprayed with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and the treatment is continued for 6 days to obtain seedlings treated with one stage; the stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 32 g / kg of urea and 5 mg / kg of S-inducible;

[0123] (6) Second-stage night light treatment: 5 hours of night light was added daily, and the whole seedling was sprayed with second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings were fully moistened, and the treatment lasted for 4 days to obtain seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid used deionized water as solvent and contained 32 g / kg urea, 5 mg / kg S-inducible, and 5 mg / kg gibberellin;

[0124] (7) Screening: After the second stage of night light treatment, the number of leaves of the seedlings reaches 3 to 6, and the number of leaves of the lotus root is used as the seedling screening standard; the seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; the seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0125] Take dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content, and plant 1 mu each; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant density is 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the aboveground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the dry lotus roots obtained from the dry lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the dry lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0126] Comparative Example 1

[0127] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0128] (1) Construction of the nursery pond: The nursery pond is composed of black soil; 25 wt% of decomposed pig manure is added to the black soil;

[0129] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Fengren dry lotus root;

[0130] (3) Seed soaking:

[0131] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain a first-soaked lotus root piece; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7 mg / kg;

[0132] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 10 mg / kg of gibberellin, 23 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 7 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0133] (4) Raising seedlings: Sow the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keep the soil moist, and raise the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves; continue raising the seedlings for 10 days;

[0134] (5) Screening: The number of lotus root leaves is used as the seedling screening standard; seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content; seedlings with less than 5 leaves are selected as lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0135] Take lotus root seedlings with low starch content and plant them on 1 mu; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant at a density of 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the above-ground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the lotus roots obtained from the lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0136] Comparative Example 2

[0137] A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content comprises the following steps:

[0138] (1) Construction of the nursery pond: The nursery pond is composed of black soil; 25 wt% of decomposed pig manure is added to the black soil;

[0139] (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a high starch content, cut them into pieces, and obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; the selected dry lotus root variety is: Longgui dry lotus root;

[0140] (3) Seed soaking:

[0141] 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution for 30 minutes, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain a first-soaked lotus root piece; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7 mg / kg;

[0142] 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that had been soaked once for 30 minutes in a second soaking solution, removing them, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 10 mg / kg of gibberellin, 23 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 7 g / kg of calcium chloride; there is no time limit for the two soakings, as long as the lotus root pieces are completely immersed in the soaking solution;

[0143] (4) Raising seedlings: Sow the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keep the soil moist, and raise the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves; continue raising the seedlings for 10 days;

[0144] (5) Screening: The number of lotus root leaves is used as the seedling screening standard; seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content; seedlings with less than 5 leaves are selected as lotus root seedlings with low starch content;

[0145] Take lotus root seedlings with low starch content and plant them on 1 mu; apply 500 kilograms of decomposed pig manure, 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 80 kilograms of wood ash as base fertilizer per mu; plant in early April; plant at a density of 1,300 plants per mu; apply topdressing during the bulb expansion period; harvest when the above-ground stems and leaves die in the same year, and then count the starch content and other parameters of the lotus roots obtained from the lotus root seedlings with high starch content and the lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

[0146] 1. The various parameters of the lotus roots produced in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are shown in the following table.

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] It can be seen from the above statistical results that the method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content of the present invention first screens out dry lotus root varieties with higher starch content, and then optimizes the soil structure of the seedling pond, optimizes the seed soaking liquid, optimizes the seed soaking steps, optimizes multiple light treatments and is supplemented with corresponding stem and leaf development promoting liquid, which significantly promotes the development of dry lotus root stems and leaves, and thus can select the best from the best and screen out dry lotus roots with higher starch content; allicin is also added to the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid, which has antibacterial and antifungal properties, and plays a role in improving the survival rate of seedling transplanting, and also has the effect of affecting the agronomic traits of dry lotus root, and can increase the soluble sugar content of dry lotus root, thereby increasing the wine yield of dry lotus root.

[0150] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Construction of the nursery pond: The nursery pond is equipped with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer from bottom to top. The thickness of the sandy soil layer is 20-25 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 20-30 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 8-12 cm. The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 30-35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 10-15 parts of sandy soil, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.04 parts of S-absorbent; The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 30-35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 30-35 parts of sandy soil, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.04 parts of S-absorbent; (2) Seed selection: Select seed lotus roots with a higher starch content and cut them into pieces to obtain seed lotus root pieces containing 2-3 complete seed buds; (3) Seed soaking: 3.1) soaking the seed lotus root pieces in a first soaking solution, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain once-soaked lotus root pieces; wherein the first soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 15-20 mg / kg of carbendazim and 6-8 mg / kg of tea polyphenols; 3.2) soaking the lotus root pieces that have been soaked once in a second soaking solution, removing the pieces, and air-drying them to obtain second-soaked lotus root pieces; the second soaking solution comprises deionized water as a solvent and contains 8-12 mg / kg of gibberellin, 20-25 mg / kg of copper sulfate, and 6-8 g / kg of calcium chloride; (4) Raising seedlings: sowing the lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice in the second black soil layer, keeping the soil moist, and raising the seedlings until the seedlings grow two leaves; (5) One-stage night light treatment: add 6 to 8 hours of night light every day, and spray the whole seedling with a stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and continue for 5 to 7 days to obtain a one-stage treated seedling; the one-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 30 to 35 g / kg of urea and 4 to 6 mg / kg of S-inducible; (6) Two-stage night light treatment: add 4 to 6 hours of night light every day, and spray the whole seedling with the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedlings are fully moistened, and continue for 3 to 5 days to obtain the seedlings treated with the second stage; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains 30 to 35 g / kg of urea, 4 to 6 mg / kg of S-inducible, and 4 to 6 mg / kg of gibberellin; (7) Screening: The number of leaves of the seedlings is 3 to 6, and the number of leaves of the lotus root is used as the screening standard for the seedlings; the seedlings with more than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with high starch content; the seedlings with less than 5 leaves are lotus root seedlings with low starch content.

2. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the seedling raising pond is provided with a sandy soil layer, a first black soil layer, and a second black soil layer in order from bottom to top; the thickness of the sandy soil layer is 22-25 cm, the thickness of the first black soil layer is 25-30 cm, and the thickness of the second black soil layer is 10-12 cm; The first black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32-35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13-15 parts of sandy soil, 10-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03-0.04 parts of S-absorbent; The second black soil layer comprises, by weight, 100 parts of black soil, 32 to 35 parts of decomposed pig manure, 33 to 35 parts of sandy soil, 10 to 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.03 to 0.04 parts of S-absorbent.

3. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the sand layer is composed of sand; 20-30 wt% of decomposed pig manure is also added to the sand layer.

4. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (2), the varieties of dry lotus roots selected are: Fengren dry lotus root and Longgui dry lotus root.

5. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3.1), the first seed soaking solution uses deionized water as a solvent and contains carbendazim at a concentration of 17-20 mg / kg and tea polyphenols at a concentration of 7-8 mg / kg.

6. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3.2), the lotus root pieces that have been soaked once are soaked in a second soaking liquid, taken out, and air-dried to obtain lotus root pieces that have been soaked twice; the second soaking liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains gibberellin at a concentration of 10-12 mg / kg, copper sulfate at a concentration of 23-25 ​​mg / kg, and calcium chloride at a concentration of 7-8 g / kg.

7. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the night light is added for 7 to 8 hours every day, and at the same time, a section of stem and leaf development promoting liquid is sprayed on the whole seedling until the stems and leaves of the seedling are fully moistened, and the process is continued for 6 to 7 days to obtain a section of treated seedling; the section of stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains urea at a concentration of 32 to 35 g / kg and S-inducible at a concentration of 5 to 6 mg / kg.

8. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (6), 5 to 6 hours of nighttime light is added daily, and at the same time, the whole seedling is sprayed with a second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid until the stems and leaves of the seedling are fully moistened, and the process is continued for 4 to 5 days to obtain a second-stage treated seedling; the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid uses deionized water as a solvent and contains urea at a concentration of 32 to 35 g / kg, S-inducible at a concentration of 5 to 6 mg / kg, and gibberellin at a concentration of 5 to 6 mg / kg.

9. The method for screening dry lotus root varieties with high starch content according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (6), the second-stage stem and leaf development promoting liquid also contains allicin at a concentration of 3-5 mg / kg.

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