A self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit and its assembly method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of port and coastal engineering, and discloses a self-stabilizing breakwater armor block and its assembly method, which includes a central block and eight corner blocks. The central block and the corner blocks are partially embedded in each other, and chamfers are provided on the edges of the central block and the corner blocks. Through the self-stabilizing breakwater armor block having no slender limb structure, the cross-sectional dimension at the connection between the central block and the corner blocks is relatively large, the block has good stability, high strength, strong anti-collision and anti-fracture capabilities, and realizes that when adjacent blocks collide under extreme wave dynamic loads, the blocks are not prone to structural limb breakage and failure damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of port and coastal engineering, and specifically to a self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit and its assembly method. Background Art

[0002] The armor layer of a sloping breakwater is a discontinuous structural system composed of discrete armor units that interlock with each other. Under the action of waves, while the armor layer plays a role in wave dissipation, it also needs to maintain its own stability; the armor units are mostly made of plain concrete blocks cast manually, and common ones include Dolos blocks, Icos blocks, and four-corner hollow blocks. The armor units rely on their own gravity and the mutual hooking and interlocking effects between the blocks to maintain stability.

[0003] With the global warming, the probability of coastal areas being affected by extreme storm surges has increased significantly. Under extreme sea conditions, some of the armor units are displaced and tumbled under the action of waves, resulting in hydraulic instability of the armor layer. At the same time, the adjacent armor units collide and squeeze with each other, causing limb breakage of the armor units with slender limb structures, resulting in structural instability of the armor layer.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit and its assembly method to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit and its assembly method, which solve the problem that the armor units are displaced and tumbled under the action of waves, resulting in hydraulic instability of the armor layer. At the same time, it solves the problem that the adjacent armor units collide and squeeze with each other, causing limb breakage of the armor units with slender limb structures, resulting in structural instability of the armor layer.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit includes 1 central block and 8 corner blocks. The central block and the corner blocks are partially embedded in each other, and chamfers are provided on the edges of the central block and the corner blocks.

[0007] Preferably, the side length of the corner block is 3 / 7 of the side length of the central block, and the length of the corner block embedded in the central block is 1 / 2 of the side length of the corner block.

[0008] Preferably, the side length of the corner block is equivalent to the particle size of the underlying bedding riprap.

[0009] Preferably, square holes are opened in the central block in three perpendicular directions, and the side length of the holes is 3 / 7 of the side length of the central block.

[0010] Preferably, the side length of the chamfer is 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block.

[0011] Preferably, rhombic protrusions are provided on the bottom surfaces of the four bottom corner blocks, and the diagonal length of the rhombic protrusions is 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block.

[0012] An assembly method for a self-stabilizing breakwater armor block has the following characteristics:

[0013] Preferably, the armor blocks are placed in a single layer on the breakwater slope.

[0014] Preferably, the armor blocks are arranged staggeredly. Each armor block is adjacent to four other armor blocks. The corner blocks of the armor blocks are embedded between the corner blocks of other armor blocks. The distances between the corner blocks of the armor blocks and the central blocks and corner blocks of other armor blocks are both 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block.

[0015] The present invention provides a self-stabilizing breakwater armor block and its assembly method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, due to the self-stabilizing breakwater armor block having no slender limb structure, the cross-sectional dimension at the connection of the central block and the corner blocks is relatively large, the block has good stability, high strength, and strong anti-collision and anti-fracture capabilities. When adjacent blocks collide under extreme wave dynamic loads, the blocks are not prone to structural limb breakage and failure.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, by providing four bottom corner blocks, the rotational inertia moment and the restoring force arm of the armor block are increased, and the anti-overturning stability of the armor block is improved.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, by embedding the four bottom corner blocks into the voids of the rubble mattress, the biting force and friction force between the armor block and the bottom surface are increased, and the anti-sliding stability of the armor block is improved.

[0019] 4. In the present invention, by providing rhombic protrusions on the bottom surfaces of the four bottom corner blocks, the biting force and friction force between the armor block and the bottom surface are increased, and the anti-sliding stability of the armor block is further improved.

[0020] 5. In the present invention, by adopting the single-layer staggered arrangement method, the occlusion between adjacent armor blocks is realized, the integrity of the armor layer is enhanced, and the overall stability of the armor block is improved.

[0021] 6. In the present invention, by opening square holes in the central block along three perpendicular directions, the porosity and roughness height of the armor block are increased, and the wave dissipation performance of the armor block is improved.

[0022] 7. In the present invention, adjacent new self-stabilizing breakwater armor blocks are interlocked through corner blocks to form a whole, which can significantly improve the in-place stability of the blocks. The blocks are regularly arranged, thus achieving the convenience of installation and construction.

[0023] 8. In the present invention, the four top corner blocks of the self-stabilizing breakwater armor blocks are recessed and protruded, and there are large holes between adjacent blocks arranged staggeredly, which can significantly dissipate wave energy and improve the wave dissipation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 are the three-view drawings of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 are the three-view drawings of the rhombic protrusions on the bottom surface of the bottom corner blocks of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the occluding state of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is the plan view of the staggered arrangement of the present invention;

[0028] Among them, 1. central block; 2. corner block; 3. hole; 4. chamfer; 5. rhombic protrusion; 6. cushion block stone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] Please refer to Att Figure 1 -Att Figure 3 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a self-stabilizing breakwater armor block, which includes one central block 1 and eight corner blocks 2. The central block 1 and the corner blocks 2 are partially embedded in each other. Chamfers 4 are provided on the edges of the central block 1 and the corner blocks 2. The side length of the corner block 2 is 3 / 7 of the side length of the central block 1. The embedding length of the corner block 2 into the central block 1 is 1 / 2 of the side length of the corner block 2. The side length of the corner block 2 is equivalent to the particle size of the lower block stone 6. Square holes 3 are opened in the central block 1 in three perpendicular directions. The side length of the hole 3 is 3 / 7 of the side length of the central block 1. The side length of the chamfer 4 is 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block 1. Rhombic protrusions 5 are provided on the bottom surfaces of the four bottom corner blocks 4. The diagonal length of the rhombic protrusion 5 is 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block 1.

[0032] Through the design of the mutual embedding of the central block 1 and the corner blocks 2, the armor block has no slender limb structure, enhancing the ability of the armor block structure to resist broken limbs and failure; by setting four bottom corner blocks 2, the rotational moment of inertia and the restoring force arm of the armor block are increased, enhancing the anti-overturning stability of the armor block; the rhombic protrusions 5 of the bottom corner blocks 2 and the setting of the embedding depth in the cushion rubble can enhance the anti-wave impact ability of the armor block and better withstand the lateral impact force of the waves; since the corner blocks 2 are relatively small and the length of the embedding into the central block 1 is half of the side length, this design can reduce the center of gravity height of the overall armor block, improve the stability of the armor block, and reduce the risk of overturning; the central block 1 is provided with a square hole 3, which can reduce the self-weight of the armor block, reduce the consumption of concrete, and at the same time increase the porosity and roughness height of the armor block, improving the wave dissipation performance of the armor block; the side length of the corner block 2 is in proportion to the side length of the central block 1, and the side length of the hole 3 is in proportion to the side length of the central block 1, maintaining the coordination and rhythm of the overall structure, being beautiful and generous.

[0033] Embodiment Two:

[0034] Please refer to the attached Figure 4 , the embodiment of the present invention provides an assembly method for a self-stabilizing breakwater armor block, including the following content:

[0035] 1. Vertically, the armor blocks are placed in a single layer on the breakwater slope.

[0036] 2. In the placement plane, the armor blocks are arranged staggeredly. Each armor block (taking A as an example) is adjacent to four other armor blocks (taking B, C, D, and E as examples). The corner block A1 of the armor block A is embedded between the corner blocks B2 and B3 of the armor block B, and the distances between the corner block A1 and the central block of the armor block B, the corner blocks B2 and B3 are all 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block. The arrangement methods of the other corner blocks A2, A3, A4 of the armor block A and the corner block A1 are the same.

[0037] 3. By adopting the staggered arrangement method, the adjacent armor blocks are interlocked through the corner blocks 2, enhancing the integrity of the armor layer and improving the overall stability of the armor block. The blocks are placed regularly, realizing the convenience of installation and construction.

[0038] 4. Through the indentation and protrusion of the four top corner blocks 1 of the self-stabilizing breakwater armor block, and there are large holes between the adjacent staggered blocks, the wave energy can be significantly dissipated, improving the wave dissipation effect.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit, comprising a central block (1) and eight corner blocks (2), characterized in that, The central block (1) and the corner blocks (2) are partially embedded in each other, and chamfers (4) are provided on the edges of the central block (1) and the corner blocks (2); the side length of the corner block (2) is 3 / 7 of the side length of the central block (1), and the length of the corner block (2) embedded in the central block (1) is 1 / 2 of the side length of the corner block (2); the side length of the corner block (2) is equivalent to the particle size of the underlying cushion block stones (6); square holes (3) are formed in the central block (1) in three perpendicular directions, and the side length of the holes (3) is 3 / 7 of the side length of the central block (1); the side length of the chamfer (4) is 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block (1), and the self-stabilizing breakwater armor block has no slender limb structure and has strong fracture resistance; The armor block also includes an assembly method, including the following: Vertically, the armor blocks are placed in a single layer on the breakwater slope; In the placement plane, the armor blocks are arranged staggeredly, and the armor block is adjacent to the other four armor blocks around it; the corner blocks (2) of the armor block are embedded between the corner blocks (2) of other armor blocks, and the distances between the corner blocks (2) and between the corner block (2) and the central block (1) are both 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block (1); By adopting the staggered arrangement method, the adjacent armor blocks are interlocked through the corner blocks (2), enhancing the integrity of the armor layer and improving the overall stability of the armor blocks; Due to the indentation and protrusion of the four top corner blocks (2) of the self-stabilizing breakwater armor block and the large holes between the adjacent staggered blocks, the wave energy can be significantly dissipated, improving the wave dissipation effect.

2. The self-stabilizing breakwater armor unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rhombic protrusions (5) are provided on the bottom surfaces of the four bottom corner blocks (2), and the diagonal length of the rhombic protrusions (5) is 1 / 14 of the side length of the central block (1).

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