A device and method for measuring charging efficiency of wireless charging road surface

Abstract

A device and method for measuring the charging efficiency of a wireless charging pavement, the present invention relates to a device and method for measuring the charging efficiency of a wireless charging pavement. The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that there is a lack of a detection device that can match the road state during actual application, and the existing simulation software cannot reflect the power transmission state during actual application, and cannot reflect the charging state of the electric vehicle when it is moving. The device includes: a transmitting track, a pavement track, a receiving track, a transmitting circuit structure, a receiving circuit structure and a test trolley, a pavement module, a supporting lifting hydraulic rod, a control console, a height controller, a height display screen, a speed controller, a speed display screen, and a test display screen; the transmitting track is used to place the transmitting circuit structure; the pavement track is used to place the asphalt pavement; the receiving track is used to place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley. The present invention relates to the field of wireless charging technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface, and belongs to the technical field of wireless charging. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in the ownership of new energy vehicles in China, the proportion of electric vehicles has been continuously expanding, and its endurance problem has become an important factor hindering the development of electric vehicles. At present, the main charging method for electric vehicles is various charging piles. However, such charging infrastructure has a long charging time, a large occupancy rate in urban space, and a high maintenance cost. Road wireless charging technology can provide electric energy for moving electric vehicles, achieve a breakthrough in the endurance mileage of electric vehicles, and support the national "dual carbon" goal. It is an important direction in the research of intelligent road surfaces.

[0003] Wireless charging technology is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The transmitting coil creates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field in space. Since the magnetic flux passing through the coil is constantly changing, an induced current is generated in the receiving coil to charge the battery. The defect of inductive charging technology is that the transmission distance is limited and cannot meet the needs of road charging. Therefore, magnetic resonance wireless charging technology is the most feasible solution for realizing road wireless charging. Magnetic resonance wireless charging technology is achieved through the resonance of the transmitting-side resonant circuit and the receiving-side resonant circuit of the magnetic coupling resonator. The charging system includes a transmitting-side conversion circuit, a transmitting-side compensation circuit, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil, a receiving-side compensation circuit, and a receiving-side conversion circuit. The magnetic resonance wireless charging system has the advantages of being unrestricted by wires, having a relatively long transmission distance, and less magnetic leakage, and has a relatively wide application prospect in the field of wireless charging.

[0004] At present, most of the research on road wireless charging is focused on the design and optimization of the coil structure, and less exploration has been carried out on the influence of road materials on wireless charging and improvement methods. Road materials will generate magnetization phenomena in the electromagnetic field, and the formed small magnetic field will affect the coupling of the wireless charging coil, thereby affecting the power transmission efficiency. Existing research uses simulation software to detect the coupling strength of the coil and the influence of road materials on the power transmission efficiency, lacking a detection device that can match the road state during actual application. Moreover, when the wireless charging system is applied to the road, it is affected by factors such as road moisture content, road surface temperature, and the burial depth of the coil. The simulation software cannot reflect the power transmission state during actual application. And existing experimental simulations are mostly static simulations and cannot reflect the charging state when an electric vehicle is moving.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to build a detection device that fits the actual situation and can accurately detect the charging efficiency of the wireless charging road surface. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems that there is a lack of a detection device that can match the road conditions during actual application, and the existing simulation software cannot reflect the power transmission state during actual application and the charging state when an electric vehicle is traveling, and to propose a measurement device and a measurement method for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface.

[0007] A measurement device for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface includes: a transmitting track, a road surface track, a receiving track, a transmitting circuit structure, a receiving circuit structure, a test trolley, a road surface module, a support lifting hydraulic rod, a console, a height controller, a height display screen, a speed controller, a speed display screen, and a test display screen;

[0008] The road surface track is placed above the transmitting track and the center lines are aligned;

[0009] The receiving track is placed above the road surface track and the center lines are aligned;

[0010] The transmitting track is used to place the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure;

[0011] The road surface track is used to place the asphalt road surface;

[0012] The receiving track is used to place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley;

[0013] The receiving track and the road surface track are connected to the transmitting track through a support lifting hydraulic rod;

[0014] The road surface module is placed on the straight section of the road surface track;

[0015] The console houses the DC power supply, the inverter circuit, the resonant circuit in the transmitting circuit structure, and the height controller, the height display screen, the speed controller, the speed display screen, and the test display screen are set.

[0016] A measurement method for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface is specifically as follows:

[0017] Step 1: Place the DC power supply, the inverter circuit, and the resonant circuit of the transmitting circuit structure in the console;

[0018] The DC power supply of the transmitting circuit structure is connected to the power supply button and the power-off button of the console through wires;

[0019] Arrange the primary coils in the transmitting circuit structure at equal intervals on the straight section of the transmitting track;

[0020] Use a rut tester to prepare a rut plate, cut the rut plate to the same width as the road surface track to form a road surface module;

[0021] Arrange the road surface module on the straight section of the road surface track. Connect the rechargeable battery with zero power to the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley. Place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley on the receiving track to prepare for testing;

[0022] Step 2: Turn on the power supply of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod;

[0023] Lower the road surface track to a height close to the primary coil on the transmitting track through the height controller of the console to simulate the working state of the road wireless charging coil;

[0024] Adjust the height between the receiving track and the road surface track through the height controller of the console to simulate the ground clearance of the electric vehicle; at this time, the height display screen shows the height data between the receiving track and the road surface track;

[0025] Step 3: Supply power to the transmitting circuit structure through the power supply button on the console. The primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure generates a magnetic field;

[0026] Control the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley through the speed controller on the console. At this time, the speed display screen shows the speed data of the test trolley. The receiving circuit structure and the test trolley move at a constant speed on the receiving track. When the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley pass through the straight section of the receiving track, the secondary coil of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley is affected by the magnetic field emitted by the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure on the transmitting track, generating an induced current to charge the rechargeable battery;

[0027] Step 4: Record the voltage and current of the primary coil and the test time on the test display screen. Combine the power, rated voltage of the rechargeable battery on the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley, the total length of the receiving track, and the length of the straight section of the receiving track to calculate the charging efficiency of the dynamic wireless charging road surface.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The present invention aims to improve the authenticity and accuracy of the evaluation of the charging efficiency of the wireless charging road surface in existing simulation studies and static tests, and build a device for the wireless charging road surface applicable to laboratory use and measuring the charging efficiency.

[0030] The present invention provides a measuring device for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface, which is used to solve the problem that finite element simulation and static charging tests cannot reflect the charging efficiency fluctuations caused by factors such as vehicle speed, road moisture content, road surface temperature, and road surface layer thickness during the actual use of the wireless charging road surface. The present invention designs three-layer tracks to simulate the state during actual road use. Different types of coils can be placed on the transmitting track; asphalt pavements with different gradations and different thicknesses can be set on the road surface track according to test requirements, and at the same time, by changing different temperatures and humidities, the charging efficiency of wireless charging roads in different climate zones can be simulated; the speed of the trolley on the receiving track can be adjusted to simulate the wireless charging efficiency at different vehicle speeds. At the same time, the test steps of the present invention are simple. The charging structures are arranged at intervals on the transmitting track, and the asphalt pavements are arranged continuously on the road surface track. The power supply can be turned on for testing by lowering the road surface track and the receiving track to the required positions. In addition, the structure proposed by the present invention has a low cost, saving the test cost. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 3D diagram of the initial state of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 3D diagram of the test state of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3a 3D schematic diagram of the test trolley of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3b Side view schematic diagram of the test trolley of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3c Front view schematic diagram of the test trolley of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3d Bottom view schematic diagram of the test trolley of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4a Schematic diagram of the initial state of the lifting hydraulic rod of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4b Schematic diagram of the working state of the lifting hydraulic rod of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0039] Detailed Embodiment 1: A measuring device for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to this embodiment includes: a transmitting track 1, a road surface track 2, a receiving track 3, a transmitting circuit structure 4, a receiving circuit structure and a test trolley 5, a road surface module 6, a support lifting hydraulic rod 7, a console 8, a height controller 9, a height display screen 10, a speed controller 11, a speed display screen 12, and a test display screen 13;

[0040] The road surface track 2 is placed above the launch track 1 and their center lines are aligned, which can reduce the error caused by the horizontal offset of the test trolley during operation;

[0041] The receiving track 3 is placed above the road surface track 2 and their center lines are aligned, which can reduce the error caused by the horizontal offset of the test trolley during operation;

[0042] The launch track 1 is used to place the primary coil in the launch circuit structure 4;

[0043] The road surface track 2 is used to place the asphalt road surface;

[0044] The receiving track 3 is used to place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5;

[0045] The receiving track 3 and the road surface track 2 are connected to the launch track 1 through the support lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0046] The road surface module 6 is placed on the straight section of the road surface track 2;

[0047] The console 8 houses the DC power supply, inverter circuit, resonant circuit in the launch circuit structure, as well as the height controller 9, height display screen 10, speed controller 11, speed display screen 12, and test display screen 13.

[0048] The console is a separate device, installed beside the track, and connected to the lifting hydraulic rod and the trolley through circuits and remote controllers.

[0049] Specific Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and Specific Embodiment 1 is that the launch circuit structure 4 is placed on the straight section of the launch track 1;

[0050] The launch circuit structure 4 includes a DC power supply, an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, and a primary coil;

[0051] The DC power supply, inverter circuit, and resonant circuit are placed in the console 8 to supply power to the primary coil;

[0052] The console 8 is provided with a power supply button and a power off button;

[0053] The power supply button is used to provide electrical energy for the primary coil in the launch circuit structure 4 on the launch track 1 to generate a magnetic field;

[0054] The power off button is used to stop supplying power to the primary coil in the launch circuit structure 4 on the launch track 1;

[0055] The primary coils in the launch circuit structure 4 are arranged at intervals to simulate the actual charging coil layout scheme of the wireless charging road surface;

[0056] The diameter or width of the primary coil is the same as the width of the transmitting track 1;

[0057] The transmitting track 1 further includes spacer plates longitudinally arranged on the transmitting track to determine equidistant arrangement of the coils;

[0058] The DC power supply rectifies the commercial power into direct current;

[0059] The inverter circuit is connected in series with the DC power supply to invert the direct current into high-frequency alternating current;

[0060] The resonance circuit is connected in series with the inverter circuit to achieve matching of the resonance frequency with the resonance frequency of the receiving end;

[0061] The primary coil is connected in series with the resonance circuit to generate an alternating magnetic field through the alternating current.

[0062] Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0063] Specific embodiment three: The difference between this embodiment and the first or second specific embodiment is that the transmitting track 1, the road surface track 2, and the receiving track 3 are all elliptical;

[0064] The transmitting track 1, the road surface track 2, and the receiving track 3 are made of acrylic material, which has strong load-bearing capacity and little influence on wireless charging, and is an ideal load-bearing track;

[0065] The width of the asphalt road surface placed on the road surface track 2 is the same as the width of the road surface track 2;

[0066] The inner width of the transmitting track 1 is slightly larger than that of the road surface track 2, so that the road surface track can be lowered to be close to the coil of the transmitting track 1;

[0067] The inner width of the receiving track 3 is half of that of the road surface track 2, so that the test vehicle can ensure that its receiving coil is aligned with the transmitting coil;

[0068] The asphalt road surface is made of rutting plates. By cutting to adjust the road surface width and thickness, it can meet the test requirements of different gradations of asphalt mixtures and coils with different buried depths.

[0069] In the wireless charging road surface structure, the asphalt road surface layer covers all the wireless charging devices. Therefore, in this solution, the width of the asphalt road surface is determined to be twice that of the transmitting coil to simulate the actual charging situation.

[0070] Other steps and parameters are the same as those in any one of the first to third specific embodiments.

[0071] Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Embodiments 1 to 3 is that a rechargeable battery and a digital power display are placed on the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5. The digital power display is connected to the rechargeable battery, and the digital power display shows the power of the rechargeable battery;

[0072] The receiving circuit and the test trolley 5 are an integral body, including the receiving circuit and the test trolley;

[0073] The receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 include a resonant circuit, a rectifying circuit, and a secondary coil;

[0074] The resonant circuit and the rectifying circuit are placed inside the test trolley, and the secondary coil is arranged at the bottom of the test trolley;

[0075] The secondary coil converts the magnetic field into electrical energy through electromagnetic coupling.

[0076] Other steps and parameters are the same as any one of Embodiments 1 to 3.

[0077] Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Embodiments 1 to 4 is that the test display screen 13 is connected to the digital power display through a wireless signal, and the real-time display of the digital power display is shown on the test display screen 13;

[0078] The test display screen 13 measures the voltage and current of the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure 4 on the transmitting track 1 through a multimeter and displays the values on the test display screen 13;

[0079] The test display screen 13 measures the test time through a timer.

[0080] The height controller 9 is connected to the console 8 through a control panel; the height display screen 10 is connected to the height controller 9 through a control panel; the speed controller 11 is connected to the console 8 through a control panel; the speed display screen 12 is connected to the speed controller 11 through a control panel.

[0081] Other steps and parameters are the same as any one of Embodiments 1 to 4.

[0082] Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and any one of Embodiments 1 to 5 is that a reset button, a road track rising button, a road track falling button, a receiving track rising button, and a receiving track falling button are arranged on the height controller 9;

[0083] The reset button is used to restore the road track 2 and the receiving track 3 to the initial height (set, the initial height between the three tracks is 0.5 m), such as Figure 1 ;

[0084] The road surface track rising button is used to raise the height of the road surface track 2 by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0085] The road surface track lowering button is used to lower the height of the road surface track 2 by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0086] The receiving track rising button is used to raise the height of the receiving track 3 by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0087] The receiving track lowering button is used to lower the height of the receiving track 3 by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0088] The speed controller 11 is connected to the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 through remote control to establish a control connection;

[0089] The speed controller 11 is provided with a stop button, a speed increasing button, and a speed decreasing button;

[0090] The stop button is used to reduce the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 to 0;

[0091] The speed increasing button is used to increase the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5;

[0092] The speed decreasing button is used to decrease the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5;

[0093] The data of the height controller 9 is displayed on the height display screen 10;

[0094] The data of the speed controller 11 is displayed on the speed display screen 12.

[0095] The supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7 lowers the road surface track 2 to a height close to the transmitting track 1 to simulate the state during road wireless charging, and freely raises and lowers the receiving track 3 to simulate the ground clearance of an electric vehicle.

[0096] Other steps and parameters are the same as those in any one of the specific embodiments one to five.

[0097] Specific embodiment seven: The difference between this embodiment and any one of the specific embodiments one to six is that the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7 is a three-layer lifting hydraulic rod, such as Figure 4a 、 4b ;

[0098] The transmitting track 1 is fixed on the top surface of the third layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0099] The road surface track 2 is fixed on the top surface of the second layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0100] The receiving track 3 is fixed to the top surface of the first layer that supports the lifting hydraulic rod 7.

[0101] Other steps and parameters are the same as those in any one of the first to sixth specific embodiments.

[0102] Specific embodiment eight: The specific process of the method for measuring the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface in this embodiment is as follows:

[0103] Step 1: Place the DC power supply, inverter circuit, and resonant circuit of the transmitting circuit structure 4 in the console 8;

[0104] The DC power supply of the transmitting circuit structure 4 is connected to the power supply button and power-off button of the console 8 through wires;

[0105] Arrange the primary coils in the transmitting circuit structure 4 at equal intervals on the straight section of the transmitting track 1;

[0106] Use a rutting tester in the road laboratory to prepare a rutting plate (asphalt pavement, and there is a rutting tester in the road laboratory that can form a rutting plate of 305×305×50 mm). Cut the rutting plate to the same width as the road surface track 2 to form the road surface module 6;

[0107] Closely arrange the road surface module 6 on the straight section of the road surface track 2. Connect a rechargeable battery with zero charge to the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5, and place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 on the receiving track 3 for testing;

[0108] Step 2: Turn on the power supply of the support lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0109] Lower the road surface track 2 to a height that is in close contact with the primary coils on the transmitting track 1 through the height controller 9 of the console 8 to simulate the working state of the road wireless charging coil;

[0110] Adjust the heights of the receiving track 3 and the road surface track 2 to the test required height through the height controller 9 of the console 8 to simulate the ground clearance of an electric vehicle; at this time, the height display screen 10 shows the height data between the receiving track 3 and the road surface track 2;

[0111] Step 3: Power on the transmitting circuit structure 4 through the power supply button of the console 8, and the primary coils in the transmitting circuit structure 4 generate a magnetic field;

[0112] Control the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 through the speed controller 11 on the console 8, and adjust it to the speed required for the test. At this time, the speed display screen 12 shows the speed data of the test trolley. The receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 move at a constant speed on the receiving track 3. When the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 pass through the straight section of the receiving track 3, the secondary coil of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 is affected by the magnetic field emitted by the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure 4 on the transmitting track 1, generating an induced current to charge the rechargeable battery.

[0113] Since the primary coils of the transmitting track 1 are arranged at equal distance intervals, when the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 pass through the straight section of the receiving track 3, it realizes the dynamic charging of an actual electric vehicle on the road.

[0114] Step 4: Record the voltage and current of the primary coil and the test time on the test display screen 13, and calculate the dynamic wireless charging road surface charging efficiency in combination with the power, rated voltage of the rechargeable battery on the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5, the total length of the receiving track 3, and the straight track length of the receiving track 3.

[0115] Specific Embodiment 9: The difference between this embodiment and Specific Embodiment 8 is that the calculation formula for the dynamic wireless charging road surface charging efficiency is:

[0116]

[0117]

[0118]

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Among them, φ is the power of the rechargeable battery, with the unit of mAh; γ is the total converted power of the rechargeable battery, with the unit of Wh; U is the rated voltage of the rechargeable battery; t is the charging duration, with the unit of min; T is the converted charging duration, with the unit of h; l is the straight track length of the receiving track 3; L is the total length of the receiving track 3; W in is the receiving end power of the test trolley; W out is the power (transmitting power) generated by the magnetic field of the primary coil of the transmitting circuit 4 on the transmitting track 1; η is the wireless charging road surface charging efficiency.

[0122] A track structure for simulating a wireless charging asphalt pavement provided by the present invention. In a wireless charging pavement, transmitting coils are arranged at different depths of the pavement surface layer. The greater the transmission distance, the lower the energy transmission efficiency. At the same time, due to the different magnetization properties of asphalt and stone materials, different interfaces formed by asphalt and stone materials in the asphalt mixture will refract and reflect magnetic lines, reducing the coil coupling coefficient and the electric energy transmission efficiency. By changing the gradation of the asphalt mixture and the pavement thickness, the wireless charging efficiency under different asphalt mixture gradations and coil burial depths can be simulated.

[0123] A wireless charging detection device provided by the present invention. When an electric vehicle is charging while moving forward, the receiving coil will first approach the transmitting coil, the two coils will be briefly centered, and then the receiving coil will move away from the transmitting coil;

[0124] Different from static charging, when an electric vehicle is charging while moving forward, affected by the horizontal offset between the primary coil and the secondary coil, the charging efficiency will change. The greater the horizontal offset between the two coils, the greater the decrease in charging efficiency and power.

[0125] Static tests and computer simulations cannot accurately characterize the impact of the dynamic changes of the coils during the charging of an electric vehicle on the charging efficiency.

[0126] Other steps and parameters are the same as those in any one of the first to eighth specific embodiments.

[0127] Working principle:

[0128] A measuring device for the charging efficiency of a wireless charging pavement includes: a transmitting track 1, a pavement track 2, a receiving track 3, a transmitting circuit structure 4, a receiving circuit structure and a test trolley 5, a pavement module 6, a support lifting hydraulic rod 7, a console 8, a height controller 9, a height display screen 10, a speed controller 11, a speed display screen 12, and a test display screen 13;

[0129] The pavement track 2 is placed above the transmitting track 1 and the center lines are aligned, which can reduce the error caused by the horizontal offset during the operation of the test trolley;

[0130] The receiving track 3 is placed above the pavement track 2 and the center lines are aligned, which can reduce the error caused by the horizontal offset during the operation of the test trolley;

[0131] The transmitting track 1 is used to place the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure 4;

[0132] The pavement track 2 is used to place the asphalt pavement;

[0133] The receiving track 3 is used to place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5;

[0134] The receiving track 3 is connected to the road surface track 2 through the support lifting hydraulic rod 7 and the launching track 1;

[0135] The road surface module 6 is placed on the straight section of the road surface track 2;

[0136] The console 8 houses the DC power supply, inverter circuit, resonant circuit in the launching circuit structure, as well as the height controller 9, height display screen 10, speed controller 11, speed display screen 12, and test display screen 13.

[0137] The console is a separate device, installed beside the track, and connected to the lifting hydraulic rod and the trolley through circuits and remote controllers.

[0138] The launching circuit structure 4 is placed on the straight section of the launching track 1;

[0139] The launching circuit structure 4 includes a DC power supply, an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, and a primary coil;

[0140] The DC power supply, inverter circuit, and resonant circuit are placed in the console 8 to supply power to the primary coil;

[0141] The console 8 is provided with a power supply button and a power off button;

[0142] The power supply button is used to provide electrical energy for the primary coil in the launching circuit structure 4 on the launching track 1 to generate a magnetic field;

[0143] The power off button is used to stop supplying power to the primary coil in the launching circuit structure 4 on the launching track 1;

[0144] The primary coils in the launching circuit structure 4 are arranged at intervals to simulate the actual charging coil layout scheme of the wireless charging road surface;

[0145] The diameter or width of the primary coil is the same as the width of the launching track 1;

[0146] The launching track 1 further includes a spacer, which is longitudinally arranged on the launching track to determine the equidistant arrangement of the coils;

[0147] The DC power supply rectifies the commercial power into direct current;

[0148] The inverter circuit is connected in series with the DC power supply to invert the direct current into high-frequency alternating current;

[0149] The resonant circuit is connected in series with the inverter circuit to achieve the matching of the resonant frequency and the resonant frequency of the receiving end;

[0150] The primary coil is connected in series with the resonant circuit to generate an alternating magnetic field through the alternating current.

[0151] The launch orbit 1, the road surface orbit 2, and the receiving orbit 3 are all elliptical;

[0152] The launch orbit 1, the road surface orbit 2, and the receiving orbit 3 are made of acrylic material, which has a strong load-bearing capacity and little impact on wireless charging, and is an ideal load-bearing orbit;

[0153] The width of the asphalt road surface placed on the road surface orbit 2 is the same as the width of the road surface orbit 2;

[0154] The inner width of the launch orbit 1 is slightly larger than that of the road surface orbit 2, so that the road surface orbit can be lowered to be close to the coil of the launch orbit 1;

[0155] The inner width of the receiving orbit 3 is half of that of the road surface orbit 2, so that the test trolley can ensure that its receiving coil is aligned with the transmitting coil;

[0156] The asphalt road surface is made of rutting plates. By cutting and adjusting the road surface width and thickness, it can meet the test requirements of different gradations of asphalt mixtures and coils with different buried depths.

[0157] In the wireless charging road surface structure, the asphalt road surface layer covers all the wireless charging devices. Therefore, in this solution, the width of the asphalt road surface is determined to be twice that of the transmitting coil to simulate the actual charging situation.

[0158] A rechargeable battery and a digital power display are placed on the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5. The digital power display is connected to the rechargeable battery, and the digital power display shows the power of the rechargeable battery;

[0159] The receiving circuit and the test trolley 5 are integrated, including the receiving circuit and the test trolley;

[0160] The receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 include a resonant circuit, a rectifying circuit, and a secondary coil;

[0161] The resonant circuit and the rectifying circuit are placed inside the test trolley, and the secondary coil is arranged at the bottom of the test trolley;

[0162] The secondary coil converts the magnetic field into electrical energy through electromagnetic coupling.

[0163] The test display screen 13 is connected to the digital power display through a wireless signal, and the digital power display is displayed on the test display screen 13 in real time;

[0164] The test display screen 13 measures the voltage and current of the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure 4 on the launch orbit 1 through a multimeter and displays the values on the test display screen 13;

[0165] The test display screen 13 times the test time through a timer.

[0166] The height controller 9 is connected to the console 8 through a control panel; the height display screen 10 is connected to the height controller 9 through a control panel; the speed controller 11 is connected to the console 8 through a control panel; the speed display screen 12 is connected to the speed controller 11 through a control panel.

[0167] The height controller 9 is provided with a reset button, a road surface track rising button, a road surface track falling button, a receiving track rising button, and a receiving track falling button;

[0168] The reset button is used to restore the road surface track 2 and the receiving track 3 to the initial height (set, the initial height between the three tracks is 0.5 m), as Figure 1 ;

[0169] The road surface track rising button is used to raise the height of the road surface track 2 by controlling the support lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0170] The road surface track falling button is used to lower the height of the road surface track 2 by controlling the support lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0171] The receiving track rising button is used to raise the height of the receiving track 3 by controlling the support lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0172] The receiving track falling button is used to lower the height of the receiving track 3 by controlling the support lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0173] The speed controller 11 is connected to the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 through remote control to establish a control connection;

[0174] The speed controller 11 is provided with a stop button, a speed increase button, and a speed decrease button;

[0175] The stop button is used to reduce the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 to 0;

[0176] The speed increase button is used to increase the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5;

[0177] The speed decrease button is used to decrease the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5;

[0178] The data of the height controller 9 is displayed on the height display screen 10;

[0179] The data of the speed controller 11 is displayed on the speed display screen 12.

[0180] The support lifting hydraulic rod 7 lowers the road surface track 2 to a height close to the transmitting track 1 to simulate the state during wireless charging of the road, and freely raises and lowers the receiving track 3 to simulate the ground clearance of an electric vehicle.

[0181] The supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7 is a three-layer lifting hydraulic rod, such as Figure 4a , 4b ;

[0182] The launching track 1 is fixed on the top surface of the third layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0183] The road surface track 2 is fixed on the top surface of the second layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0184] The receiving track 3 is fixed on the top surface of the first layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7.

[0185] A method for measuring the charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface specifically includes the following process:

[0186] Step 1: Place the DC power supply, inverter circuit, and resonant circuit of the transmitting circuit structure 4 in the console 8;

[0187] The DC power supply of the transmitting circuit structure 4 is connected to the power supply button and power-off button of the console 8 through wires;

[0188] Arrange the primary coils in the transmitting circuit structure 4 at equal intervals on the straight road section of the launching track 1;

[0189] In a road laboratory, use a rutting tester to prepare a rutting plate (asphalt road surface, and the road laboratory has a rutting tester that can form a rutting plate of 305×305×50 mm). Cut the rutting plate to the same width as the road surface track 2 to form a road surface module 6;

[0190] Closely arrange the road surface module 6 on the straight road section of the road surface track 2. Connect a rechargeable battery with zero charge to the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5, and place the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 on the receiving track 3 to prepare for testing;

[0191] Step 2: Turn on the power supply of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod 7;

[0192] Lower the road surface track 2 to a height close to the primary coil on the launching track 1 through the height controller 9 of the console 8 to simulate the working state of the road wireless charging coil;

[0193] Adjust the heights of the receiving track 3 and the road surface track 2 to the test required height through the height controller 9 of the console 8 to simulate the ground clearance of an electric vehicle; at this time, the height display screen 10 shows the height data between the receiving track 3 and the road surface track 2;

[0194] Step 3: Power on the transmitting circuit structure 4 through the power supply button of the console 8, and the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure 4 generates a magnetic field;

[0195] Control the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 through the speed controller 11 on the console 8, and adjust it to the speed required for the test. At this time, the speed display screen 12 shows the speed data of the test trolley. The receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 move at a constant speed on the receiving track 3. When the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 pass through the straight section of the receiving track 3, the secondary coil of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 is affected by the magnetic field emitted by the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure 4 on the transmitting track 1, generating an induced current to charge the rechargeable battery.

[0196] Since the primary coils of the transmitting track 1 are arranged at equal distance intervals, when the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5 pass through the straight section of the receiving track 3, it realizes the dynamic charging of an actual electric vehicle on the road.

[0197] Step 4: Record the voltage and current of the primary coil and the test time on the test display screen 13, and calculate the charging efficiency of the dynamic wireless charging road surface in combination with the power, rated voltage of the rechargeable battery on the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley 5, the total length of the receiving track 3, and the straight track length of the receiving track 3.

[0198] The calculation formula for the charging efficiency of the dynamic wireless charging road surface is:

[0199]

[0200]

[0201]

[0202]

[0203]

[0204] Among them, φ is the power of the rechargeable battery, in mAh; γ is the total converted power of the rechargeable battery, in Wh; U is the rated voltage of the rechargeable battery; t is the charging duration, in min; T is the converted charging duration, in h; l is the straight track length of the receiving track 3; L is the total length of the receiving track 3; W in is the power of the receiving end of the test trolley; W out is the power (transmission power) generated by the magnetic field of the primary coil of the transmitting circuit 4 on the transmitting track 1; η is the charging efficiency of the wireless charging road surface.

[0205] Example 1:

[0206] The driving speed of the electric vehicle is 40 km / h = 11.11 m / s. The road wireless charging modules are arranged at intervals of 5 m. The time for the electric vehicle to pass each charging module is 0.45 s. The coils on the transmitting track are arranged at intervals of 0.15 m on the straight road section. The speed of the trolley can be set to 0.33 m / s to simulate the vehicle speed of 40 km / h.

[0207] The length of the straight section of the receiving track is 0.7 m, the length of the curved section is 0.785 m, and the total length of the track is 2.97 m. The time for the test trolley to travel one week is 8.91 s, and the travel time on the straight road section is 4.2 s. It can be considered that the charging duration for the test trolley to travel one circle is 4.2 s.

[0208] In the simulation test, the inner diameter of the transmitting coil is 1 cm, the outer diameter is 10 cm, and they are arranged at intervals of 15 cm on the straight road section of the transmitting track. The size of the receiving coil is the same as that of the transmitting coil.

[0209] The receiving end of the test trolley is connected to a 3600 mAh rechargeable battery that has exhausted its power. The set transmitting power is 45 W, the static power of the receiving end is 36.45 W, the height between the road track and the receiving track is 4 cm. The time required to fully charge the rechargeable battery at a static power of 36.45 W is 7 min 6 s.

[0210] Since the horizontal offset of the coil will cause a change in the received power, after the horizontal offset test, dynamic charging starts when the axis of the receiving coil is half of the outer diameter of the receiving coil, that is, 5 cm away from the axis of the transmitting coil. In the actual measurement of dynamic charging, with a 4 cm air gap, the test trolley travels at a constant speed of 40 km / h. It takes 22 min 42 s to fully charge the 3600 mAh battery. Since the test trolley has actual charging behavior only on the straight track, the actual dynamic charging duration is 10 min 42 s. The average received power of dynamic charging is 24.22 W, and the dynamic charging efficiency is 53.83%.

[0211] The present invention may also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention. However, these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface, the method comprising a measuring device, the device comprising: A transmitting track (1), a road surface track (2), a receiving track (3), a transmitting circuit structure (4), a receiving circuit structure and a test trolley (5), a road surface module (6), a supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7), a control console (8), a height controller (9), a height display screen (10), a speed controller (11), a speed display screen (12), and a test display screen (13); The road surface track (2) is placed above the launch track (1) and the center lines thereof are aligned; The receiving track (3) is placed above the road surface track (2) and the center lines are aligned; The transmitting track (1) is used to place the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure (4); The road surface track (2) is used for placing an asphalt road surface; The receiving track (3) is used to place the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5); The receiving track (3) and the road track (2) are connected to the launching track (1) via a supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The pavement module (6) is placed on a straight section of the pavement track (2); The console (8) is provided with a DC power supply, an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit in the transmitting circuit structure, and is provided with a height controller (9), a height display screen (10), a speed controller (11), a speed display screen (12), and a test display screen (13); It is characterized in that: the specific process of the method is: Step 1: Place the DC power supply, inverter circuit and resonant circuit of the transmitting circuit structure (4) in the console (8); The DC power supply of the transmitting circuit structure (4) is connected to the power button and the power off button of the control console (8) via wires; Arrange the primary coils in the transmitting circuit structure (4) at equal intervals on the straight section of the transmitting track (1); Using a rutting tester to prepare a rutting plate, cutting the rutting plate into a width consistent with the width of the road surface track (2) to form a road surface module (6); Arrange the pavement module (6) on the straight section of the pavement track (2), connect a rechargeable battery with zero power to the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5), and place the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5) on the receiving track (3) to prepare for testing; Step 2: Turn on the power supply of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The road surface track (2) is lowered to a height close to the primary coil on the transmitting track (1) by means of a height controller (9) of a control console (8) to simulate the working state of the road wireless charging coil; The height of the receiving track (3) and the road track (2) is adjusted by a height controller (9) of a control console (8) to simulate the ground clearance of an electric vehicle; at this time, a height display screen (10) displays the height data between the receiving track (3) and the road track (2); Step 3: Power the transmitting circuit structure (4) through the power button of the control console (8), so that the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure (4) generates a magnetic field; The speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley (5) is controlled by a speed controller (11) on a control console (8), and the speed display screen (12) displays the speed data of the test trolley. The receiving circuit structure and the test trolley (5) move at a uniform speed on the receiving track (3). When the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley (5) pass through a straight section of the receiving track 3, the secondary coil of the receiving circuit structure and the test trolley (5) is affected by the magnetic field emitted by the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure (4) on the transmitting track (1), generating an induced current to charge the rechargeable battery. Step 4: Record the primary coil voltage and current and the test time on the test display screen (13), and calculate the charging efficiency of the dynamic wireless charging pavement by combining the receiving circuit structure, the charge level and rated voltage of the rechargeable battery on the test vehicle (5), the total length of the receiving track (3), and the straight length of the receiving track (3); The dynamic wireless charging pavement charging efficiency calculation formula is: in, The capacity of the rechargeable battery, in mAh; The converted total power of the rechargeable battery, in Wh; is the rated voltage of the rechargeable battery; Is the charging time, in min; The converted charging time is in h; is the straight length of the receiving track (3); is the total length of the receiving track (3); To test the receiving end power of the car; The power for generating a magnetic field for the primary coil of the transmitting circuit structure (4) on the transmitting track (1); Improve charging efficiency of wireless charging pavement.

2. The method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting circuit structure (4) is placed on a straight section of the transmitting track (1); The transmitting circuit structure (4) comprises a DC power supply, an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, and a primary coil; The DC power supply, inverter circuit, and resonant circuit are placed in a control console (8) to supply power to the primary coil; The console (8) is provided with a power button and a power off button; The power button is used to provide electric energy to the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure (4) on the transmitting track (1) to generate a magnetic field; The power-off button is used to stop supplying power to the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure (4) on the transmitting track (1); The primary coils in the transmitting circuit structure (4) are arranged at intervals; The diameter of the primary coil is consistent with the width of the transmitting track (1); The inverter circuit is connected in series with the DC power supply; The resonant circuit is connected in series with the inverter circuit; The primary coil is connected in series with the resonant circuit.

3. The method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmitting track (1), the road track (2) and the receiving track (3) are all elliptical; The transmitting track (1), the road surface track (2), and the receiving track (3) are made of acrylic material; The width of the asphalt pavement placed on the pavement track (2) is consistent with the width of the pavement track (2); The launch track (1) has an inner track width greater than the road track (2); The inner track width of the receiving track (3) is half of the road surface track (2).

4. The method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5) are provided with a rechargeable battery and a digital power display, the digital power display is connected to the rechargeable battery, and the digital power display displays the power of the rechargeable battery; The receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5) include a resonant circuit, a rectifier circuit and a secondary coil; The resonant circuit and the rectifier circuit are placed inside the test trolley, and the secondary coil is arranged at the bottom of the test trolley; The secondary coil converts the magnetic field into electrical energy through electromagnetic coupling.

5. The method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The test display screen (13) is connected to the digital power display via a wireless signal, and the digital power display is displayed on the test display screen (13) in real time; The test display screen (13) tests the voltage and current of the primary coil in the transmitting circuit structure (4) on the transmitting track (1) through a multimeter, and displays the values ​​on the test display screen (13); The test display screen (13) measures the test time via a timer.

6. A method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The height controller (9) is provided with a reset button, a road track rising button, a road track falling button, a receiving track rising button, and a receiving track falling button; The reset button is used to restore the road track (2) and the receiving track (3) to their initial heights; The road track raising button is used to raise the height of the road track (2) by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The road surface track lowering button is used to lower the height of the road surface track (2) by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The receiving rail raising button is used to raise the height of the receiving rail (3) by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The receiving rail lowering button is used to lower the height of the receiving rail (3) by controlling the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The speed controller (11) establishes a control connection with the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5) through remote control; The speed controller (11) is provided with a stop button, a speed increase button, and a speed decrease button; The stop button is used to reduce the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5) to 0; The speed increase button is used to increase the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5); The speed reduction button is used to reduce the speed of the receiving circuit structure and the test vehicle (5); The data of the altitude controller (9) is displayed on an altitude display screen (10); The data of the speed controller (11) is displayed on a speed display screen (12).

7. A method for measuring charging efficiency of a wireless charging road surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7) is a three-layer lifting hydraulic rod; The launching track (1) is fixed to the top surface of the third layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The road surface track (2) is fixed to the top surface of the second layer of the supporting lifting hydraulic rod (7); The receiving rail (3) is fixed to the top surface of the first layer supporting the lifting hydraulic rod (7).

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