A liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and method for rapid emission.

Abstract

This invention discloses a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and method for rapid emission, belonging to the field of hydrogen-air fuel cell technology. The system includes an inner liquid hydrogen tank, an outer liquid hydrogen tank, a booster vaporizer, a vaporizer, a fuel cell, air lines, a booster line, an venting line, and liquid hydrogen lines. Several sealed compartments are provided between the inner wall of the outer liquid hydrogen tank and the outer wall of the inner liquid hydrogen tank; each sealed compartment contains an inner heat-conducting arm, an outer heat-conducting arm, and a mounting frame. This liquid hydrogen supply and storage system employs pneumatically driven inner and outer heat-conducting arms, rapidly transferring external heat to the inner liquid hydrogen tank to achieve rapid emission of liquid hydrogen. Furthermore, the sealed compartments are evacuated and purged via air lines, allowing the entire system to be reused, improving efficiency and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogen-air fuel cell technology, specifically relating to a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and method for rapid emission. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the global aviation industry's pursuit of green development, liquid hydrogen, as a clean energy source, is of great significance in promoting the decarbonization transformation of the aviation sector. Hydrogen-powered aircraft possess significant advantages such as high efficiency, low noise, and zero emissions, and have a very broad market application and industrialization prospect. Therefore, hydrogen-powered aircraft, powered by hydrogen fuel, are one of the important forms of promoting the decarbonization transformation of the aviation field.

[0003] However, hydrogen-powered aircraft typically carry a large amount of liquid hydrogen fuel during takeoff, which could become a source of safety risk in emergency return or forced landing situations. To ensure that the aircraft does not exceed its maximum permissible landing weight upon landing, avoiding damage to the airframe and landing gear, and thus reducing the risk of accidents, it is necessary to rapidly release a large amount of liquid hydrogen. Currently, hydrogen-powered aircraft technology is still in its early stages, and the technology for rapidly releasing liquid hydrogen fuel is not yet mature. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system for rapid release. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and to provide a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system and method for rapid discharge.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a liquid hydrogen storage and supply system for rapid discharge, comprising an inner liquid hydrogen tank, an outer liquid hydrogen tank, a booster vaporizer, a vaporizer, a fuel cell, an air pipeline, a booster pipeline, an venting pipeline, and a liquid hydrogen pipeline, wherein the inner liquid hydrogen tank is disposed within the outer liquid hydrogen tank; liquid hydrogen is added to the inner liquid hydrogen tank;

[0007] Several sealed compartments are provided between the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank and the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen inner tank; each sealed compartment is provided with an inner heat-conducting arm, an outer heat-conducting arm and a fixing frame; each sealed compartment is provided with an air pipeline for introducing or venting air, and all air pipelines are combined and connected to the outside through a main air pipeline equipped with an air solenoid valve.

[0008] One end of the outer heat-conducting arm is hinged to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank via a fixing member, allowing the outer heat-conducting arm to rotate around the fixing member as the center; the fixing frame is fixed to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank above the fixing member, and the other end of the outer heat-conducting arm is connected to the fixing frame via an elastic member; one end of the inner heat-conducting arm is fixed to the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen inner tank; when the outer heat-conducting arm rotates to be parallel with the inner heat-conducting arm, the inner heat-conducting arm and the outer heat-conducting arm come into contact, forming a heat-conducting connection;

[0009] The pressurization pipeline is connected in sequence to the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank, the liquid hydrogen pressurization valve, the pressurization vaporizer, and then returns to the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank.

[0010] The venting pipeline is connected to the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank and is used to discharge the hydrogen gas evaporated at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank; the venting pipeline is equipped with a hydrogen venting valve.

[0011] The front end of the liquid hydrogen pipeline is sequentially connected to the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank, the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve, and the vaporizer; the outlet of the vaporizer is divided into two branches. The first branch is connected to the fuel cell through a pipeline equipped with a hydrogen pressure reducing valve to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell for power generation; the second branch is equipped with a rapid venting valve for emergency venting of hydrogen.

[0012] As a preferred option, each sealed chamber is equipped with a radiation shield on its inner wall to prevent components without radiation shielding material from affecting the overall insulation of the system.

[0013] Preferably, a vacuum environment is formed between the outer liquid hydrogen tank and the inner liquid hydrogen tank to improve the heat insulation capacity.

[0014] Preferably, a convex connector is fixed on the inner heat-conducting arm, and a concave connector matching the convex connector is fixed on the outer heat-conducting arm, so that a heat conduction path is formed between the inner heat-conducting arm and the outer heat-conducting arm.

[0015] Furthermore, the surfaces of the convex and concave connectors are coated with high thermal conductivity silicone grease to reduce contact thermal resistance.

[0016] Preferably, the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen tank is provided with a superhydrophobic coating to prevent frost formation on the outer wall during rapid discharge.

[0017] Preferably, the pressurization pipeline and the liquid hydrogen pipeline are externally insulated to prevent heat leakage.

[0018] Preferably, the sealed compartments are configured as two.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for utilizing the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system described in the first aspect, characterized in that it is divided into a conventional operation mode, a rapid emission mode, and a reduction mode;

[0020] The specific operation mode is as follows: Start the booster vaporizer, open the liquid hydrogen booster valve, liquid hydrogen shut-off valve, and hydrogen pressure reducing valve, and close the hydrogen vent valve. Liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank first enters the booster pipeline, and after being pressurized by the liquid hydrogen booster valve, it enters the booster vaporizer. In the booster vaporizer, the liquid hydrogen absorbs heat and vaporizes into hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas enters the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank and is pressurized. Driven by the pressure, the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen inner tank enters the liquid hydrogen pipeline, and enters the vaporizer through the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve. In the vaporizer, the liquid hydrogen is converted into hydrogen gas and reaches the target temperature. Then, it is depressurized to the target pressure through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve, and finally enters the fuel cell to generate electricity.

[0021] The rapid emission mode is as follows: The hydrogen vent valve, rapid vent valve, and air solenoid valve are opened, allowing external air to enter the sealed chamber through the air pipeline. Because the space between the inner and outer liquid hydrogen tanks is a vacuum, the atmospheric pressure within the sealed chamber is greater than the contractile force of the elastic element, causing the outer heat-conducting arm to rotate around the fixed element. When the outer and inner heat-conducting arms are parallel, they contact and connect tightly to form a heat conduction path. External heat rapidly reaches the inner liquid hydrogen tank through the outer tank, outer heat-conducting arm, and inner heat-conducting arm, causing the liquid hydrogen inside the inner tank to rapidly vaporize into hydrogen gas. A portion of the hydrogen gas is vented through the vent pipeline, while the other portion is used to increase the pressure in the inner liquid hydrogen tank, prompting more liquid hydrogen to enter the liquid hydrogen pipeline from the liquid phase space at the bottom of the inner tank. In the liquid hydrogen pipeline, the liquid hydrogen passes sequentially through the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve and the vaporizer, then vaporizes and is divided into two parts: most of it is vented through the rapid vent valve, and a small portion enters the fuel cell through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve to continue generating electricity.

[0022] The restoration mode is as follows: After the rapid emission mode is completed, the liquid hydrogen inside the inner liquid hydrogen tank is completely emptied; open the liquid hydrogen pressurization valve, hydrogen venting valve, liquid hydrogen shut-off valve, hydrogen pressure reducing valve, and rapid venting valve to avoid hydrogen fuel residue; connect the air pipeline to the external vacuum unit, open the air solenoid valve, and evacuate the sealed chamber to a vacuum state; as the pressure inside the sealed chamber gradually decreases, the contraction force of the elastic element gradually becomes dominant, causing the outer heat-conducting arm to rotate around the fixed part as the center, separating from the inner heat-conducting arm, until the top of the outer heat-conducting arm is in close contact with the liquid hydrogen outer tank, ending the evacuation; close the air solenoid valve, and the insulation capacity between the liquid hydrogen inner tank and the liquid hydrogen outer tank is restored.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The liquid hydrogen supply and storage system provided by this invention adopts a gas pressure driven inner heat-conducting arm and an outer heat-conducting arm, which rapidly transfers external heat to the liquid hydrogen inner tank to achieve rapid discharge of liquid hydrogen.

[0025] In normal operation, the sealed chamber is in a vacuum state, and the top of the outer heat-conducting arm is in close contact with the liquid hydrogen outer tank due to the elastic element. Because the convex and concave connectors have large angles without radiation-shielding material, their radiative heat transfer capacity is extremely low, almost zero. In addition, a radiation shield is installed on the inner wall of the sealed chamber, which can maintain excellent thermal insulation between the inner and outer liquid hydrogen tanks.

[0026] When rapid discharge of liquid hydrogen is required, air is injected into the sealed chamber to connect the inner and outer heat-conducting arms. This allows the heat absorbed by the outer liquid hydrogen tank to be rapidly transferred to the inner liquid hydrogen tank through the constructed heat conduction path, enabling rapid discharge of the liquid hydrogen. The system uses air piping to perform vacuuming and purging operations on the sealed chamber, allowing the entire system to be reused, improving efficiency and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system provided by the present invention;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Liquid hydrogen inner tank; 2. Liquid hydrogen outer tank; 3. Inner heat-conducting arm; 4. Convex connector; 5. Fixing component; 6. Outer heat-conducting arm; 7. Concave connector; 8. Elastic component; 9. Fixing frame; 10. Sealed chamber; 11. Radiation shield; 12. Air pipeline; 13. Air solenoid valve; 14. Pressurization pipeline; 15. Liquid hydrogen pressurization valve; 16. Pressurization vaporizer; 17. Venting pipeline; 18. Hydrogen vent valve; 19. Liquid hydrogen pipeline; 20. Liquid hydrogen shut-off valve; 21. Vaporizer; 22. Hydrogen pressure reducing valve; 23. Fuel cell; 24. Rapid vent valve. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Technical features in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined accordingly without mutual conflict.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be a direct connection to the other element or an indirect connection, i.e., there is an intermediate element. Conversely, when an element is said to be "directly" connected to another element, there is no intermediate element.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system is provided. The system mainly includes an inner liquid hydrogen tank 1, an outer liquid hydrogen tank 2, a booster vaporizer 16, a vaporizer 21, a fuel cell 23, an air pipeline 12, a booster pipeline 14, an vent pipeline 17, and a liquid hydrogen pipeline 19, wherein the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 is disposed within the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2. Liquid hydrogen is added to the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1. The connection and cooperation relationships between the components are described in detail below.

[0032] In the system of this invention, several sealed chambers 10 are provided between the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank 2 and the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1. Each sealed chamber 10 is provided with an inner heat-conducting arm 3, an outer heat-conducting arm 6, and a fixing frame 9. Each sealed chamber 10 is provided with an air pipe 12 for introducing or venting air. After all the air pipes 12 are combined, they are connected to an external vacuum unit through a main air pipe equipped with an air solenoid valve 13. The working principle of the air solenoid valve is based on electromagnetic force to control gas flow. When the solenoid coil is energized, the generated magnetic field attracts the valve core, causing the valve to open and allowing gas to flow through. When the power is off, the spring force or the medium pressure will cause the valve core to reset, closing the valve and stopping the gas flow. This fast response characteristic makes the air solenoid valve suitable for systems requiring remote or automated control.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment includes two sealed chambers 10. Specifically, in one sealed chamber 10, one end of the external heat-conducting arm 6 is hinged to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank 2 via a fixing member 5, allowing the external heat-conducting arm 6 to rotate about the fixing member 5. In this embodiment, one end of the external heat-conducting arm 6 is bolted to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank 2, forming a hinge between the two.

[0034] The fixing frame 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank 2 above the fixing member 5, and the other end of the outer heat-conducting arm 6 is connected to the fixing frame 9 through the elastic member 8. It should be noted that the elastic member 8 can be an elastic screen, but the present invention does not limit the specific material of the elastic member 8, as long as it can meet the requirement of maintaining its elasticity under high temperature and high pressure. Those skilled in the art can make the selection according to their needs.

[0035] In the system of the present invention, one end of the inner heat-conducting arm 3 is fixed to the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1. The outer heat-conducting arm 6 can rotate about the fixing member 5. When the outer heat-conducting arm 6 rotates to be parallel to the inner heat-conducting arm 3, the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and the outer heat-conducting arm 6 come into contact and form a heat-conducting connection.

[0036] To achieve a tighter connection between the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and the outer heat-conducting arm 6 and improve thermal conductivity, this embodiment fixes a protruding connector 4 to the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and a concave connector 7 matching the protruding connector 4 to the outer heat-conducting arm 6. When the outer heat-conducting arm 6 rotates to be parallel to the inner heat-conducting arm 3, the protruding connector 4 at the front end of the inner heat-conducting arm 3 embeds into the concave connector 7 at the front end of the outer heat-conducting arm 6, thus forming a tighter thermal conductivity path between the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and the outer heat-conducting arm 6. To further improve thermal conductivity, this embodiment applies high thermal conductivity silicone grease to the contact area between the protruding connector 4 and the concave connector 7, which not only improves thermal conductivity but also enhances thermal contact performance and reduces contact thermal resistance.

[0037] It should be noted that materials with high thermal conductivity should be selected for the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and the outer heat-conducting arm 6, while also ensuring they can withstand the heat load within the expected operating temperature range. Secondly, the coefficient of thermal expansion and mechanical strength of the materials should also be considered to avoid mechanical stress caused by temperature changes, ensuring that the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and the outer heat-conducting arm 6 have sufficient mechanical strength and hardness to maintain structural integrity. This invention does not limit the specific materials used for the inner heat-conducting arm 3 and the outer heat-conducting arm 6; those skilled in the art can select them according to actual operating conditions.

[0038] Since all objects emit thermal radiation, components without radiation-shielding material will emit heat into the surrounding environment, causing the temperature of liquid hydrogen to rise and thus increasing the rate of liquid hydrogen evaporation. Therefore, in this embodiment, each sealed chamber 10 is equipped with a radiation shield 11 on its inner wall to prevent components without radiation-shielding material from affecting the overall thermal insulation of the system.

[0039] In the system of this invention, the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen tank 1 includes a gas phase space at the top and a liquid phase space at the bottom. A pressurization pipeline 14 is sequentially connected to the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen tank 1, a liquid hydrogen pressurization valve 15, a pressurization vaporizer 16, and then returns to the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen tank 1. An venting pipeline 17 is connected to the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen tank 1, and a hydrogen venting valve 18 is provided on the venting pipeline 17 for discharging the hydrogen vaporized at the top of the liquid hydrogen tank 1.

[0040] In the system of this invention, the front end of the liquid hydrogen pipeline 19 is sequentially connected to the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1, the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve 20, and the vaporizer 21. At the outlet of the vaporizer 21, it splits into two branches. The first branch connects to the fuel cell 23 via a pipe equipped with a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 22, supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell 23 for power generation. The second branch is equipped with a rapid venting valve 24 for emergency hydrogen venting.

[0041] To ensure the efficiency of the liquid hydrogen supply and storage system in normal operation mode, this embodiment installs heat insulation material on the outside of the pressurization pipeline 14 and the liquid hydrogen pipeline 19 to avoid a decrease in liquid hydrogen vaporization efficiency due to heat leakage.

[0042] It should be noted that, in order to effectively maintain the cryogenic state of liquid hydrogen, a vacuum is evacuated between the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2 and the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 in this embodiment, creating a vacuum environment between them. This vacuum environment can effectively isolate heat transfer between the inner liquid hydrogen tank 2 and the external environment, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the liquid hydrogen. Furthermore, the vacuum environment can reduce the temperature influence of the external environment on the inner liquid hydrogen tank 2 and reduce pressure changes within the tank. This helps prevent rupture or leakage of the inner liquid hydrogen tank 2, ensuring system safety. To prevent frost formation on the outer wall of the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2 during rapid discharge mode, a superhydrophobic coating is applied to the outer wall of the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2 in this embodiment.

[0043] In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above... Figure 1 The liquid hydrogen storage and supply system shown also provides a method for operating a rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system, as detailed below:

[0044] First, it is assumed that the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1 has been filled with liquid hydrogen, the sealed chamber 10 is in a vacuum state, the hydrogen vent valve 18 is in the open state, and all other valves are in the closed state. The operation process is divided into normal operation mode, rapid emission mode, and reduction mode.

[0045] (1) The normal operating mode is as follows:

[0046] Start the booster vaporizer 16, open the liquid hydrogen booster valve 15 and the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve 20, adjust the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 22 to a specific opening, and close the hydrogen vent valve 18. The liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1 first enters the booster pipeline 14, and after being pressurized by the liquid hydrogen booster valve 15, it enters the booster vaporizer 16. Inside the booster vaporizer 16, the liquid hydrogen absorbs heat and vaporizes into hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas enters the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1 and is pressurized. Driven by the pressure, the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen inner tank 1 enters the liquid hydrogen pipeline 19, and enters the vaporizer 21 through the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve 20. Inside the vaporizer 21, the liquid hydrogen is converted into hydrogen gas and reaches the target temperature. Then, it is depressurized to the target pressure through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 22, and finally enters the fuel cell 23 to generate electricity.

[0047] It should be noted that "target temperature" and "target pressure" are key parameters for hydrogen supply in fuel cells. However, different types of fuel cells have different requirements for hydrogen pressure and temperature. Liquid hydrogen is heated to a specified temperature using a temperature-controlled vaporizer to ensure that the hydrogen exists in gaseous form, suitable for the operating conditions of the fuel cell. After being heated to the target temperature, the hydrogen is depressurized through a hydrogen pressure reducing valve to achieve the pressure required by the fuel cell. This pressure is necessary for the normal operation of the fuel cell; it cannot be too high to avoid damaging the cell, nor too low to avoid affecting cell performance. This invention does not specifically limit the target temperature and target pressure; those skilled in the art can select them according to different fuel cells.

[0048] Rapid emission mode is a special mode of the regular operation mode, which adds extra operations on the basis of the regular operation mode.

[0049] (2) The rapid emission mode is as follows:

[0050] Open the hydrogen vent valve 18, the rapid vent valve 24, and the air solenoid valve 13 to allow external air to enter the sealed chamber 10 through the air pipe 12. Because there is a vacuum between the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 and the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2, the atmospheric pressure inside the sealed chamber 10 is greater than the contractile force of the elastic element 8, causing the outer heat-conducting arm 6 to rotate around the fixed element 5. When the outer heat-conducting arm 6 and the inner heat-conducting arm 3 are parallel, they contact each other and form a heat conduction path. External heat quickly reaches the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 through the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2, the outer heat-conducting arm 6, and the inner heat-conducting arm 3, causing the liquid hydrogen inside the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 to rapidly vaporize into hydrogen gas. Part of the hydrogen gas is vented through the vent pipe 17, and the other part is used to increase the pressure of the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1, prompting more liquid hydrogen to enter the liquid hydrogen pipe 19 from the liquid phase space at the bottom of the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1. In the liquid hydrogen pipeline 19, the liquid hydrogen passes through the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve 20 and the vaporizer 21 in sequence, and is then vaporized into two parts. Most of the liquid hydrogen is vented through the rapid vent valve 24, and a small portion enters the fuel cell 23 through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 22 to continue generating electricity.

[0051] (3) The restore mode is as follows:

[0052] After the rapid emission mode is completed, the liquid hydrogen inside the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 is completely emptied. Open the liquid hydrogen pressurization valve 15, hydrogen venting valve 18, liquid hydrogen shut-off valve 20, hydrogen pressure reducing valve 22, and rapid venting valve 24 to prevent residual hydrogen fuel. The air pipeline 12 is connected to a vacuum unit. Open the air solenoid valve 13 to evacuate the sealed chamber 10 to a vacuum state. As the pressure inside the sealed chamber 10 gradually decreases, the contraction force of the elastic element 8 gradually becomes dominant, causing the outer heat-conducting arm 6 to rotate around the fixed element 5 as the center, separating from the inner heat-conducting arm 3, until the top of the outer heat-conducting arm 6 is tightly attached to the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2, ending the evacuation. Close the air solenoid valve 13, and the insulation between the inner liquid hydrogen tank 1 and the outer liquid hydrogen tank 2 is restored.

[0053] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all technical solutions obtained through equivalent substitution or transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system, characterized in that, It includes an inner liquid hydrogen tank (1), an outer liquid hydrogen tank (2), a booster vaporizer (16), a vaporizer (21), a fuel cell (23), an air line (12), a booster line (14), an vent line (17), and a liquid hydrogen line (19), wherein the inner liquid hydrogen tank (1) is located inside the outer liquid hydrogen tank (2); liquid hydrogen is added to the inner liquid hydrogen tank (1); Several sealed chambers (10) are provided between the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2) and the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1); each sealed chamber (10) is provided with an inner heat-conducting arm (3), an outer heat-conducting arm (6) and a fixing frame (9); each sealed chamber (10) is provided with an air pipe (12) for introducing or venting air, and all air pipes (12) are connected to a main air pipe equipped with an air solenoid valve (13), and the air pipes (12) are connected to the outside through the main air pipe; One end of the external heat-conducting arm (6) is hinged to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2) by a fixing member (5), so that the external heat-conducting arm (6) can rotate around the fixing member (5) as the center; the fixing frame (9) is fixed to the inner wall of the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2) above the fixing member (5), and the other end of the external heat-conducting arm (6) is connected to the fixing frame (9) by an elastic member (8); one end of the internal heat-conducting arm (3) is fixed to the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1); when the external heat-conducting arm (6) rotates to be parallel to the internal heat-conducting arm (3), the internal heat-conducting arm (3) and the external heat-conducting arm (6) come into contact and form a heat-conducting connection; The pressurization pipeline (14) is connected in sequence to the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1), the liquid hydrogen pressurization valve (15), the pressurization vaporizer (16), and then returns to the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1). The venting pipe (17) is connected to the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) and is used to discharge the hydrogen gas evaporated at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1); a hydrogen venting valve (18) is provided on the venting pipe (17). The front end of the liquid hydrogen pipeline (19) is connected in sequence to the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1), the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve (20), and the vaporizer (21); the outlet of the vaporizer (21) is divided into two branches. The first branch is connected to the fuel cell (23) through a pipeline equipped with a hydrogen pressure reducing valve (22) to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell (23) for power generation; the second branch is equipped with a rapid venting valve (24) for emergency venting of hydrogen.

2. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each sealed chamber (10) is equipped with a radiation shield (11) on its inner wall to prevent components without radiation shielding material from affecting the overall insulation of the system.

3. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum environment is formed between the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2) and the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1), thereby improving the insulation capacity.

4. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A convex connector (4) is fixed on the inner heat-conducting arm (3), and a concave connector (7) matching the convex connector (4) is fixed on the outer heat-conducting arm (6), so that a heat conduction path is formed between the inner heat-conducting arm (3) and the outer heat-conducting arm (6).

5. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surfaces of the convex connector (4) and the concave connector (7) are coated with high thermal conductivity silicone grease to reduce contact thermal resistance.

6. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the liquid hydrogen tank (2) is provided with a superhydrophobic coating to prevent frost formation on the outer wall during rapid discharge.

7. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization pipeline (14) and the liquid hydrogen pipeline (19) are externally insulated to prevent heat leakage.

8. The rapidly discharging liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed chamber (10) is configured as two.

9. A method using the liquid hydrogen storage and supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It is divided into three operating modes: normal operation mode, rapid emission mode, and restoration mode. The specific operation mode is as follows: Start the booster vaporizer (16), open the liquid hydrogen booster valve (15), liquid hydrogen shut-off valve (20) and hydrogen pressure reducing valve (22), and close the hydrogen vent valve (18). The liquid hydrogen in the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) first enters the booster pipeline (14), and after being boosted by the liquid hydrogen booster valve (15), it enters the booster vaporizer (16). In the booster vaporizer (16), the liquid hydrogen absorbs heat and completes vaporization, becoming hydrogen. The hydrogen enters the gas phase space at the top of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) for boosting. Under pressure drive, the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) enters the liquid hydrogen pipeline (19), and enters the vaporizer (21) through the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve (20). In the vaporizer (21), the liquid hydrogen is converted into hydrogen and reaches the target temperature. Then, it is depressurized to the target pressure through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (22), and finally enters the fuel cell (23) to generate electricity. The rapid emission mode is as follows: the hydrogen vent valve (18), the rapid vent valve (24), and the air solenoid valve (13) are opened, allowing external air to enter the sealed chamber (10) through the air pipe (12); since there is a vacuum between the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) and the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2), the atmospheric pressure in the sealed chamber (10) is greater than the contraction force of the elastic element (8), causing the outer heat-conducting arm (6) to rotate around the fixed element (5); when the outer heat-conducting arm (6) and the inner heat-conducting arm (3) are parallel, they come into contact and are tightly connected to form a heat conduction path; external heat passes through the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2) and the outer heat-conducting arm. (6) and the inner heat-conducting arm (3) quickly reach the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1), causing the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) to rapidly vaporize into hydrogen gas; part of the hydrogen gas is vented through the venting pipe (17), and the other part is used to increase the pressure of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1), causing more liquid hydrogen to enter the liquid hydrogen pipeline (19) from the liquid phase space at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1); in the liquid hydrogen pipeline (19), the liquid hydrogen is vaporized through the liquid hydrogen shut-off valve (20) and vaporizer (21) in sequence and then divided into two parts. Most of it is vented through the rapid venting valve (24), and a small part enters the fuel cell (23) through the hydrogen pressure reducing valve (22) to continue generating electricity; The specific restoration mode is as follows: After the rapid emission mode is completed, the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) has been completely emptied; open the liquid hydrogen pressurization valve (15), hydrogen venting valve (18), liquid hydrogen shut-off valve (20), hydrogen pressure reducing valve (22), and rapid venting valve (24) to avoid hydrogen fuel residue; connect the air pipeline (12) to the vacuum unit, open the air solenoid valve (13), and evacuate the sealed chamber (10) to a vacuum state; as the pressure inside the sealed chamber (10) gradually decreases, the contraction force of the elastic element (8) gradually dominates, causing the outer heat conduction arm (6) to rotate around the fixed element (5) as the center, separating from the inner heat conduction arm (3), until the top of the outer heat conduction arm (6) is tightly attached to the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2), and the evacuation ends; close the air solenoid valve (13), and the insulation capacity between the liquid hydrogen inner tank (1) and the liquid hydrogen outer tank (2) is restored.

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