Shift hub press fitting rotating shaft machine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of automobile parts assembly, and discloses a shift hub press-fitting rotating shaft machine. The shift hub press-fitting rotating shaft machine provided by the present application not only performs circumferential positioning on the shift hub through a shift hub positioning tool, but also performs circumferential positioning on the rotating shaft through a rotating shaft press-fitting structure. The rotating shaft press-fitting structure is matched with the top end of the rotating shaft through a sector hole to realize circumferential pre-positioning, and then the finger air cylinder controls the clamping block to adjust the circumferential position precision of the rotating shaft and clamp the rotating shaft, so that the accuracy of the rotating shaft insertion is ensured. The design of the positioning pin, the floating limiting mechanism support and the pressure head assembly and the monitoring of the pressure sensor ensure that the rotating shaft can be accurately press-fitted into the center hole of the shift hub, and the pressing force is sensed in real time to ensure that the set press-fitting depth is reached.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts assembly, in particular to a shift hub press-fitting shaft machine. Background Art

[0002] The shift hub is a key component in an automotive automatic transmission mechanism, controlling and enabling shifting between gears. Typically consisting of a set of gears or racks, the hub moves or rotates to connect the gears, changing the transmission ratio and enabling shifting under varying vehicle speeds and loads.

[0003] See Figure 13 As shown, in order to detect the real-time position of the shift hub 1, the shift hub 1 needs to be press-fitted onto the rotating shaft 2, and the sensor is connected to the rotating shaft through transmission, thereby detecting the real-time position signal in real time and feeding it back to the control system.

[0004] In practice, the end of the rotating shaft 2 that connects to the sensor forms a mounting cutout 21. The circumferential mounting position of the mounting cutout 21 relative to the shift hub 1 directly affects the sensor's positional accuracy in detecting the shift hub 1. In other words, before press-fitting the rotating shaft 2, both the shift hub 1 and the rotating shaft 2 must be circumferentially positioned. Finally, the rotating shaft 2 is press-fitted into the center hole of the shift hub 1. Therefore, a shift hub press-fitting rotating shaft machine with high precision is urgently needed.

[0005] It can be seen that the existing technology still needs to be improved and enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a shift hub press-fitting shaft machine with high press-fitting accuracy.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The camshaft is fixedly mounted on the workbench, and the camshaft is fixedly mounted on the workbench, wherein the camshaft is fixedly mounted on the workbench, wherein the camshaft is fixedly mounted on the workbench, and the camshaft is fixedly mounted on the workbench. The cam is press-fitted to the bottom of the oil cylinder, and the pressure sensor is installed on the bottom of the oil cylinder to adjust the pressure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a pin is installed on the positioning seat and is rotatably connected to the limit block; the limit block includes a push head, a limit block body, and a lower fork that are integrally formed from top to bottom, the pin passes through the limit block body horizontally, and the driving structure drives the limit block to rotate by pulling the lower fork.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the driving structure includes a single-acting cylinder and a bidirectional push rod arranged on the output end of the single-acting cylinder. The bidirectional push rod includes a first column head, a connecting shaft, and a second column head that are coaxially connected in sequence, and the lower fork is clamped on the connecting shaft.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the floating limit mechanism includes a cylinder bracket fixed to the bottom of the base plate, a press-fit limit cylinder arranged upward on the cylinder bracket, and a support rod coaxially arranged on the end of the piston rod of the press-fit limit cylinder. The base plate is provided with an overhead plate for raising the pad, and the overhead plate is provided with a guide seat fixed to the base plate. A guide hole cooperating with the positioning pin and an avoidance hole connected to the guide hole are opened at the center of the guide seat, and the avoidance hole is used for the support rod to pass through.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the positioning pin includes a pin body and a pin tail round head arranged at the bottom of the pin body, the diameter of the pin tail round head is larger than the pin body, and a spring is sleeved on the pin body, the top end of the spring presses against the bottom surface of the positioning seat, and the bottom end of the spring presses against the upper surface of the pin tail round head.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the bottom surface of the pressure pin is provided with a plurality of magnet mounting holes arranged around the socket, and the side wall of the pressure pin is provided with magnet fixing holes that are the same in number and one-to-one corresponding to the magnet mounting holes. Each magnet mounting hole is installed with an axle suction magnet and is fixed by a screw that cooperates with the magnet fixing hole.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the lifting seat includes a seat plate, a plurality of screws vertically arranged on the seat plate, and a transmission plate horizontally arranged above the seat plate. The output end of the oil cylinder is transmission-connected to the transmission plate. An interval for installing the pressure sensor is formed between the transmission plate and the seat plate. The screw passes through the seat plate from bottom to top, and the head of the screw presses against the bottom surface of the seat plate. The end of the screw away from the head passes through the transmission plate and is equipped with a nut for limiting the transmission plate from separating from the screw.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the pressure pin includes a round head, a circular middle plate and an insert provided at the bottom of the circular middle plate, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The diameter of the circular middle plate is larger than the insert. The pressure head assembly also includes a horizontal adjustment plate provided on the bottom surface of the seat plate. The horizontal adjustment plate is provided with waist-shaped holes extending forward and backward. The bottom surface of the seat plate is provided with first threaded holes that are the same in number and one-to-one correspond to the waist-shaped holes. The top of the horizontal adjustment plate is provided with a circular hole docking with the round head. The circular middle plate is fixedly connected to the support arm. The circular middle plate and the support arm are jointly provided with a plurality of arc holes arranged in a circumferential array. The horizontal adjustment plate is provided with second threaded holes that are the same in number and one-to-one correspond to the arc holes. The bottom surface of the seat plate is provided with a guide groove for embedding the horizontal adjustment plate and guiding the horizontal adjustment plate to move forward and backward.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a vacuum air duct is provided inside the positioning seat, one end of the vacuum air duct is provided with an air inlet, and the other end is provided with an exhaust port, and the bottom surface of the sinking groove of the positioning seat is provided with multiple air holes connected to the vacuum air duct.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the substrate is provided with a first infrared detection mechanism for detecting whether a shift hub is placed on the positioning seat, a second infrared detection mechanism for detecting whether a rotating shaft is inserted into the socket, and a visual camera for taking pictures of the rotating shaft installed on the shaft pressing column.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the shift hub press-fitting shaft machine provided by the present invention not only performs circumferential positioning of the shift hub through the shift hub positioning tooling, but also performs circumferential positioning of the shaft through the shaft press-fitting structure; the operator only needs to align the center hole of the shift hub with the positioning pin and insert it and ensure that the protrusion in the hub is located between the stop block and the limit block, and then drive the limit block through the drive structure. The limit block and the stop block jointly limit the rotation of the protrusion in the hub, thereby achieving circumferential positioning of the shift hub and simplifying the operation process. The limit block in the tooling can also push the protrusion in the hub when the shift hub is not fully pre-positioned, ensuring that the shift hub will not lose its positioning due to external factors during the press-fitting process, thereby improving the reliability of the positioning. Finally, the shift hub is firmly pressed onto the positioning seat by the press to prevent jumping during the press-fitting rotation process, thereby ensuring the stability of the shift hub. The shaft press-fit mechanism achieves circumferential pre-positioning through a fan-shaped hole that mates with the shaft's top end. A finger cylinder then controls the clamping block to adjust the shaft's circumferential position and clamp it, ensuring precise shaft insertion. The design of the locating pin, floating limiter support, press head assembly, and pressure sensor monitoring ensure the shaft is precisely press-fitted into the shift hub's center hole, with real-time pressure sensing to ensure the desired press-fit depth is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the shift hub press-fitting shaft machine provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the assembly drawing of the shift hub positioning tooling and the shaft press-fit structure.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the front view of the shift hub positioning tooling and the shaft press-fit structure.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of area B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 A perspective view of the press head assembly installed on the base plate.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional image of the finale column.

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping block clamping the rotating shaft.

[0027] Figure 9 A three-dimensional view of the shift hub positioning tool without the shift hub clamped.

[0028] Figure 10A three-dimensional view of the shift hub positioning tooling with the positioning seat hidden.

[0029] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the floating limit mechanism and the positioning pin.

[0030] Figure 12 A perspective view of the shift hub.

[0031] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional view of the shift hub after the shaft is pressed into place.

[0032] Main component symbols: 1-shift hub, 11-center hole, 12-hub inner protrusion, 2-rotating shaft, 21-installation section, 22-upper shaft section, 23-lower shaft section, 301-shift hub positioning tool, 302-rotating shaft press-fit structure, 31-base plate, 32-pad, 33-positioning seat, 331-sunk groove, 332-stopper, 333-vertical opening, 34-overhead plate, 35-pressing device, 37-workbench, 38-air hole, 391- Air inlet, 392-exhaust port, 41-limit block, 411-push head, 412-limit block body, 413-lower fork, 42-latch, 43-single-acting cylinder, 44-two-way push rod, 441-first column head, 442-connecting shaft, 443-second column head, 51-locating pin, 511-pin body, 512-pin tail round head, 52-floating limit mechanism, 521-cylinder bracket, 522-press-fit limit cylinder, 523-support rod, 5 24-guide seat, 5241-guide hole, 5242-avoidance hole, 525-spring, 61-first infrared detection mechanism, 62-visual camera, 63-second infrared detection mechanism, 71-top plate, 72-column, 73-cylinder, 74-pressure sensor, 75-cantilever, 76-transmission head, 8-lifting seat, 81-seat plate, 82-screw, 83-transmission plate, 84-nut, 85-guide rod, 86-linear bearing, 9-pressing head Components, 91-pressure pin, 911-socket, 9111-circular hole section, 9112-fan-shaped hole section, 912-side clamping hole, 913-magnet mounting hole, 914-magnet fixing hole, 915-round head, 916-circular middle plate, 917-insertion tube, 92-support arm, 93-finger cylinder, 94-clamping block, 95-horizontal adjustment plate, 96-waist-shaped hole, 97-arc-shaped hole, 98-guide groove, 991-cross block, 992-adjustment screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention provides a shift hub press-fitting shaft machine. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention more clear and explicit, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See Figure 12 As shown, the shift hub 1 is cylindrical and has a center hole 11. The interior of the shift hub 1 is hollowed out, and an isosceles trapezoidal inner hub protrusion 12 is formed on the inner wall of the shift hub 1 near the bottom surface. By limiting the circumferential position of the inner hub protrusion 12, the shift hub 1 can be circumferentially positioned.

[0035] See Figure 13 As shown, the rotating shaft 2 includes an upper shaft section 22 and a lower shaft section 23. The diameter of the lower shaft section 23 is larger than that of the upper shaft section 22. A mounting section 21 is provided on the top of the upper shaft section 22, so that the cross section of the top of the upper shaft section 22 is fan-shaped.

[0036] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides a shift hub press-fitting shaft machine, comprising a workbench 37 , a shift hub positioning tool 301 disposed on the workbench 37 , and a shaft press-fitting structure 302 disposed above the shift hub positioning tool 301 .

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 5-10 The shift hub positioning tool 301 includes a base plate 31 horizontally arranged on the workbench 37, a pad 32 arranged on the base plate 31, a positioning seat 33 arranged on the pad 32, a positioning pin 51 vertically arranged in the middle of the positioning seat 33, and a presser 35 arranged on the pad 32 and pressing the shift hub 1 on the positioning seat 33. The positioning seat 33 is provided with a sinking groove 331 for the bottom of the shift hub 1 to be embedded in, and the bottom surface of the sinking groove 331 is provided with a stop block 332. The positioning seat 33 is provided with a vertical opening 333 next to the stop block 332, and the vertical opening 333 is provided with a limit block 41 for limiting the rotation of the shift hub 1. An overhead cavity is provided below the positioning seat 33, and a driving structure for driving the limit block 41 to move is provided in the overhead cavity. The positioning pin 51 vertically penetrates the positioning seat 33 and can move vertically. The positioning pin 51 is supported by a floating limit mechanism 52.

[0038] In the actual initial state, the limit block 41 will be slightly away from the stop block 332, so that there is enough space for the hub inner protrusion 12 to be stuck between the limit block 41 and the stop block 332. Before press-fitting the rotating shaft 2, the staff first aligns the center hole 11 of the shift hub 1 with the positioning pin 51 and inserts it until the bottom of the shift hub 1 is embedded in the sunken groove 331 and ensures that the hub inner protrusion 12 is located between the stop block 332 and the limit block 41. The staff can slightly rotate the shift hub 1 to make the hub inner protrusion 12 abut against the side of the stop block 332 to achieve pre-positioning. Then, the driving mechanism drives the limit block 41 to move toward the stop block 332 until the limit block 41 just touches the hub inner protrusion 12. The limit block 41 and the stop block 332 jointly restrict the rotation of the hub inner protrusion 12, thereby positioning the shift hub 1 circumferentially. Finally, the presser 35 firmly presses the shift hub 1 against the positioning seat 33 to prevent the shift hub 1 from jumping during press-fitting.

[0039] It can be understood that when the worker does not rotate the shift hub 1 to make the hub inner block 12 abut against the side surface of the block 332, the limiting block 41 will push the hub inner block 12 to rotate towards the block 332 until the limiting block 41 and the block 332 jointly completely limit the rotation of the hub inner block 12, and then the shift hub 1 is circumferentially positioned. The limiting block 41 makes up for the problem that the hub inner block 12 is not pre-positioned by abutting against the side surface of the block 332 in advance, or the hub inner block 12 is separated from the block 332 due to external factors such as vibration during the press-fitting process, resulting in the positioning failure of the shift hub 1.

[0040] Specifically, the rotating shaft press-fitting structure 302 includes a top plate 71 located above the base plate 31, a stand column 72 for connecting the top plate 71 and the base plate 31, an oil cylinder 73 arranged downward on the top plate 71, a lifting seat 8 arranged below the oil cylinder 73, a pressure sensor 74 arranged on the lifting seat 8, and a pressure head assembly 9 arranged at the bottom of the lifting seat 8. The oil cylinder 73 is drivingly connected with the lifting seat 8, and the downward pressure of the oil cylinder 73 acts on the pressure sensor 74. The pressure head assembly 9 includes a pressure shaft insertion column 91 vertically arranged at the bottom of the lifting seat 8, a support arm 92 arranged on the pressure shaft insertion column 91, and a finger air cylinder 93 arranged on the support arm 92. The bottom surface of the pressure shaft insertion column 91 is provided with an axially extending insertion hole 911, which includes a circular hole section 9111 and a fan-shaped hole section 9112 connected in sequence from bottom to top. Two side clamping holes 912 are arranged on the peripheral wall of the pressure shaft insertion column 91 and communicate with the fan-shaped hole section 9112. The clamping fingers of the finger air cylinder 93 are provided with clamping blocks 94 for clamping the rotating shaft 2 in the insertion hole 911 by extending into the side clamping holes 912. The clamping plane of one of the clamping fingers is in abutment with the mounting cutting surface 21 of the rotating shaft 2.

[0041] Next, the staff inserts the rotating shaft 2 into the socket 911 of the pressing shaft plug 91, that is, the upper shaft section 22 of the rotating shaft 2 first enters the circular hole section 9111 of the socket 911, and the fan-shaped hole section 9112 limits the circumferential positioning of the rotating shaft 2. The staff needs to rotate the rotating shaft 2 so that the top of the upper shaft section 22 of the rotating shaft 2 is aligned with the fan-shaped hole section 9112, and the top of the upper shaft section 22 can extend into the fan-shaped hole section 9112, thereby pre-positioning the rotating shaft 2 in the circumferential direction and ensuring that the mounting section 21 on the rotating shaft 2 is basically facing the set clamping block 94. Then, the two clamping fingers of the finger cylinder 93 are retracted, so that the two clamping blocks 94 are close to each other and clamp the rotating shaft 2. It can be understood that in order to facilitate the smooth insertion of the rotating shaft 2, there is an appropriate matching gap between the rotating shaft 2 and the socket 911, so that after the rotating shaft 2 is inserted into the socket 911, micro-movement can still occur. When the clamping block 94 clamps the rotating shaft 2, the clamping plane of the clamping block 94 fits into the installation section 21 of the rotating shaft 2, and the rotating shaft 2 is accurately positioned circumferentially again to ensure the circumferential position accuracy of the rotating shaft 2 during press-fitting, and to prevent the rotating shaft 2 from loosening during the press-fitting process.

[0042] Finally, the oil cylinder 73 drives the lifting seat 8, the ram assembly 9, and the rotating shaft 2 downward, allowing the lower shaft section 23 of the rotating shaft 2 to be inserted into the center hole 11 of the shift hub 1. After the rotating shaft 2 is pressed into the center hole 11, it will continue to move downward and collide with the positioning pin 51, pushing the positioning pin 51 away from the center hole 11. At the same time, it must ensure that the rotating shaft 2 is pressed to the set depth of the center hole 11 according to the processing requirements. The positioning pin 51 is supported by the floating limit mechanism 52. The positioning pin 51 can move dynamically under the action of the downward pressure. After the rotating shaft 2 is pressed into place, the positioning pin 51, under the restraint of the floating limit mechanism 52, forms a reverse force to prevent the rotating shaft 2 from continuing to move downward. During the press-fit process, the pressure sensor 74 senses the downward pressure on the rotating shaft 2 in real time. When the rotating shaft 2 is pressed into place, the downward movement of the rotating shaft 2 is restricted, causing the downward pressure to increase to reach the set value. The pressure sensor 74 then feeds the signal back to the control system, which controls the oil cylinder 73 to stop pressing downward and drive the lifting seat 8 and the ram assembly 9 to return upward.

[0043] The shift hub press-fitting machine provided by the present invention not only circumferentially positions the shift hub 1 via the shift hub positioning tool 301, but also circumferentially positions the rotating shaft 2 via the rotating shaft press-fitting structure 302. This dual positioning ensures precise positioning of the rotating shaft press-fitting. Simply align the center hole 11 of the shift hub 1 with the positioning pin 51, insert the positioning pin, and ensure that the hub's internal protrusion 12 is located between the stopper 332 and the limit block 41. The limit block 41 is then driven by the drive structure. The limit block 41 and the stopper 332 jointly restrict the rotation of the hub's internal protrusion 12, thereby achieving circumferential positioning of the shift hub 1. This simplifies the operation process. The limit block 41 can also push the hub's internal protrusion 12 even when the shift hub 1 is not fully pre-positioned, ensuring that the shift hub 1 will not lose its position due to external factors during the press-fitting process, thereby improving positioning reliability. Finally, the shift hub 1 is firmly pressed against the positioning seat 33 by the press 35, preventing any jerking during the press-fitting rotation process and ensuring the stability of the shift hub 1. The shaft press-fit structure 302 achieves circumferential pre-positioning by engaging the top end of the shaft 2 through a fan-shaped hole. The finger cylinder 93 then controls the clamping block 94 to adjust the circumferential position of the shaft 2 and clamp the shaft 2, ensuring precise insertion of the shaft 2. The design of the positioning pin 51, the floating limiter 52, the press head assembly 9, and the monitoring of the pressure sensor 74 ensure that the shaft 2 can be accurately press-fitted into the center hole 11 of the shift hub 1. The downward pressure is sensed in real time to ensure that the set press-fit depth is achieved.

[0044] The positioning seat 33 is provided with a latch 42 which is rotatably connected to the limit block 41. The latch 42 not only facilitates the installation of the limit block 41, but also enables the limit block 41 to have the freedom of movement to swing towards or away from the stop block 332, making it easy to control and stable in movement. It also bears part of the load generated by the gravity and swing of the limit block 41, reduces the output kinetic energy required by the drive structure, and ensures that the limit block 41 has sufficient limiting force on the protrusion 12 in the hub.

[0045] Furthermore, the stopper 41 comprises a pusher head 411, a main body of the stopper 41, and a lower fork 413, all integrally formed from top to bottom. The latch 42 extends transversely through the main body of the stopper 41. The drive mechanism rotates the stopper 41 by pulling the lower fork 413. This simple and effective design, which rotates the stopper 41 by pulling the lower fork 413, facilitates operation and enables rapid and accurate rotation of the stopper 41, improving production efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, the drive structure includes a single-acting cylinder 43 and a bidirectional push rod 44 disposed at the output end of the single-acting cylinder 43. The single-acting cylinder 43 has a compact structure, no reverse force, and is more reliable and stable to use. To reliably drive the limit block 41, the bidirectional push rod 44 includes a first column head 441, a connecting shaft 442, and a second column head 443, which are coaxially connected in sequence. The first column head 441 is connected to the output end of the single-acting cylinder 43, and the lower fork 413 is clamped on the connecting shaft 442 to ensure that the limit block 41 cannot move axially along the pin 42 and disengage from the bidirectional push rod 44. The lower fork 413 is driven by the first column head 441 or the second column head 443, cleverly solving the problem of the lower fork 413 flipping and interfering with the movement of the bidirectional push rod 44. When the pusher head 411 on the limit block 41 approaches the stopper 332, the piston rod of the single-acting cylinder 43 extends, and the first stud 441 pushes the lower fork 413 of the limit block 41 to flip. When the pusher head 411 on the limit block 41 moves away from the stopper 332, the piston rod of the single-acting cylinder 43 retracts, and the second stud 443 pushes the lower fork 413 of the limit block 41 to flip. The single-acting cylinder 43 provides stable linear motion, while the bidirectional push rod 44 ensures that the driving force is transmitted to the limit block 41. This structure enables precise actuation, ensuring the accurate positioning and stable movement of the limit block 41.

[0047] Specifically, the floating limit mechanism 52 includes a cylinder bracket 521 fixed to the bottom of the base plate 31, a press-fit limit cylinder 522 upwardly arranged on the cylinder bracket 521, and a support rod 523 coaxially arranged on the end of the piston rod of the press-fit limit cylinder 522. The base plate 31 is provided with an overhead plate 34 for raising the pad 32. The overhead plate 34 is provided with a guide seat 524 fixed to the base plate 31. The center of the guide seat 524 is provided with a guide hole 5241 that cooperates with the positioning pin 51 and an avoidance hole 5242 connected to the guide hole 5241. The avoidance hole 5242 is used to allow the support rod 523 to pass through. The guiding effect of the guide seat 524 on the positioning pin 51 not only ensures the correct movement direction of the positioning pin 51, but also ensures that the top end of the support rod 523 and the bottom end of the positioning pin 51 always maintain stable docking without deviation. Through the design of the floating limit mechanism, it can be ensured that the rotating shaft 2 is provided with appropriate limit and support by the air pressure of the press-fit limit cylinder 522 during the downward pressing process, thereby avoiding equipment damage or processing quality problems caused by excessive downward pressure or inaccurate positioning of the rotating shaft 2, and improving the safety of operation.

[0048] It can be understood that in the initial state, the piston rod of the pressing and limiting air cylinder 522 is extended, driving the support rod 523 to lift the positioning pin 51 upward to extend the positioning seat 33, so as to ensure that the positioning pin 51 can cooperate with the center hole 11 of the shift hub 1. When the rotating shaft 2 presses the positioning pin 51 downward, the positioning pin 51 gradually moves downward against the air pressure of the pressing and limiting air cylinder 522, until the air pressure of the pressing and limiting air cylinder 522 is equal to the pressing force of the rotating shaft 2, and the rotating shaft 2 is pressed into place.

[0049] In fact, although the positioning pin 51 is supported by the support rod 523, the positioning pin 51 has an instability of jumping upward, and cannot ensure that the positioning pin 51 is always tightly connected with the support rod 523, so the positioning pin 51 comprises a pin body 511 and a pin tail round head 512 arranged at the bottom of the pin body 511, the diameter of the pin tail round head 512 is greater than that of the pin body 511, a spring 525 is sleeved on the pin body 511, the top end of the spring 525 abuts against the bottom surface of the positioning seat 33, and the bottom end of the spring 525 abuts against the upper surface of the pin tail round head 512. Through the linkage of the pin tail round head 512 of the positioning pin 51 and the spring 525, the spring 525 provides a proper downward pressure on the positioning pin 51, which can effectively slow down or inhibit the instability of the upward jumping of the positioning pin 51. The presence of the spring 525 can provide appropriate support and damping, so that the positioning pin 51 can maintain a stable position when subjected to external force or vibration, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0050] In fact, if the worker inserts the rotating shaft 2 into the pressing shaft insertion column 91, it is necessary to continuously provide upward insertion force to the rotating shaft 2 until the fingers of the finger air cylinder 93 are closed and the clamping block 94 clamps the rotating shaft 2 to release the hand, which is low in insertion efficiency and high in labor intensity of the worker.

[0051] Therefore, the bottom surface of the pressing shaft inserting post 91 is provided with a plurality of magnet mounting holes 913 arranged around the inserting hole 911, the sidewall of the pressing shaft inserting post 91 is provided with magnet fixing holes 914 corresponding to the magnet mounting holes 913, each magnet mounting hole 913 is provided with a shaft attracting magnet (not shown in the figure) and is fixed by a screw (not shown in the figure) matched with the magnet fixing hole 914. The shaft attracting magnet can provide additional magnetic force guidance, providing an upward magnetic attraction inserting force for the rotating shaft 2, so that the rotating shaft 2 is more easily attracted to the correct position during the inserting process, reducing the need for manual adjustment, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the inserting process, and reducing the deviation and shaking of the rotating shaft 2 during the inserting process, thereby reducing the error caused by inaccurate position, improving the precision and efficiency of the inserting process. On the other hand, the shaft attracting magnet can attract the lower shaft section 23 of the rotating shaft 2 after the inserting process is completed. Even if the worker releases the rotating shaft 2, the rotating shaft 2 will not fall before the clamping block 94 clamps the rotating shaft 2. The shaft attracting magnet enhances the positioning effect of the rotating shaft 2, ensuring that the rotating shaft 2 is more stably attracted to the correct position during the inserting process, improving the precision and stability of the inserting process.

[0052] The oil cylinder 73 ensures sufficient and stable downward pressure of the rotating shaft 2. The piston rod end of the oil cylinder 73 is fixedly connected with a transmission head 76, and the transmission head 76 is fixedly connected with the transmission plate 83.

[0053] Specifically, the lifting seat 8 includes a seat plate 81, a plurality of screws 82 vertically arranged on the seat plate 81, and a transmission plate 83 horizontally arranged above the seat plate 81. The output end of the oil cylinder 73 is in transmission connection with the transmission plate 83. An interval for installing the pressure sensor 74 is formed between the transmission plate 83 and the seat plate 81. The screws 82 penetrate the seat plate 81 from bottom to top. The heads of the screws 82 abut against the bottom surface of the seat plate 81. The ends of the screws 82 away from the heads penetrate the transmission plate 83 and are matched with nuts 84 for limiting the transmission plate 83 from being separated from the screws 82. In this embodiment, the screws 82 are four and penetrate the corners of the transmission plate 83. Under the guidance of the screws 82, the transmission plate 83 remains horizontal when lifting, thereby avoiding the shear force acting on the piston rod of the oil cylinder 73 and preventing the deformation of the piston rod due to the shear force.

[0054] During the pressing process, the downward pressure of the oil cylinder 73 acts on the pressure sensor 74, and the pressure sensor 74 transmits the downward pressure to the seat plate 81 and the pressing head assembly 9, thereby driving the seat plate 81, the pressing head assembly 9 and the rotating shaft 2 to descend as a whole. The pressure sensor 74 can accurately and timely detect the pressing force of the rotating shaft 2. When the lifting seat 8 and the pressing head assembly 9 need to rise and reset, the upward pulling force of the oil cylinder 73 first drives the transmission plate 83 and the screws 82 to rise, and the seat plate 81 moves upward under the traction of the heads of the screws 82.

[0055] Since the position accuracy of the pressure pin 91 directly affects the final press-fitting accuracy of the shaft 2, it is necessary to adjust in advance and ensure that the position of the pressure pin 91 is accurate. The pressure pin 91 includes a round head 915, a circle plate 916 and a plug 917 provided at the bottom of the circle plate 916, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The diameter of the circle plate 916 is larger than the plug 917. The pressure head assembly 9 also includes a horizontal adjustment plate 95 provided on the bottom surface of the seat plate 81. The horizontal adjustment plate 95 is provided with a The bottom surface of the seat plate 81 is provided with a first threaded hole having the same number and one-to-one correspondence as the waist-shaped holes 96. The top surface of the horizontal adjustment plate 95 is provided with a circular hole that mates with the round head 915. The circular center plate 916 is fixedly connected to the support arm 92. The circular center plate 916 and the support arm 92 are jointly provided with a plurality of arc-shaped holes 97 arranged in a circumferential array. The horizontal adjustment plate 95 is provided with a second threaded hole having the same number and one-to-one correspondence as the arc-shaped holes 97. The first locking screw passes through the waist-shaped hole 96 and is connected to the first threaded hole. The second locking screw passes through the arc-shaped hole 97 and is connected to the second threaded hole.

[0056] It is understood that the horizontal adjustment plate 95, the axle-holding pin 91, and the support arm 92 form an integral unit. By adjusting the horizontal adjustment plate 95, the fore-aft position of the axle-holding pin 91 can be adjusted to ensure that the axle-holding pin 91 is coaxially aligned with the center axis of the shift hub 1. Preferably, because the circumferential position of the axle-holding pin 91 directly affects the circumferential position of the installed shaft 2, loosening the screws 82 securing the circular center plate 916 of the axle-holding pin 91 to the horizontal adjustment plate 95 allows the round head 915 of the axle-holding pin 91 to rotatably engage the horizontal adjustment plate 95, and the arcuate hole 97 in the circular center plate 916 of the axle-holding pin 91 allows for fine-tuning of the circumferential position relative to the horizontal adjustment plate 95. This arrangement facilitates the adjustment of the position of the axle-holding pin 91 according to the press-fit effect of the shaft 2, further improving the press-fit effect of the shaft 2, reducing production errors caused by positional deviation, and ultimately improving the assembly accuracy and consistency of the shaft 2 and the shift hub 1.

[0057] Preferably, the bottom surface of the seat plate 81 is provided with a guide groove 98 for inserting the horizontal adjustment plate 95 and guiding its forward and backward movement. Adjustment structures 36 are provided on the front and rear sides of the horizontal adjustment plate 95. The adjustment structures 36 include a horizontal block 991 fixed to the seat plate 81 and adjustment screws 992 threadedly connected to the horizontal block 991 and facing the horizontal adjustment plate 95. By rotating the adjustment screws 992 on the front and rear sides, the horizontal adjustment plate 95 is pushed forward and backward, thereby accurately adjusting the position of the horizontal adjustment plate 95.

[0058] Preferably, the seat plate 81 is provided with at least two vertically extending guide rods 85, and the top plate 71 is provided with the same number of linear bearings 86 as the guide rods 85. The guide rods 85 extend through the top plate 71 and engage with corresponding linear bearings 86. The guiding effect of the guide rods 85 and the linear bearings 86 not only ensures the correct movement direction of the seat plate 81 and the pressure head assembly 9, but also maintains the seat plate 81 in a horizontal position at all times, preventing tilting that affects the insertion of the rotating shaft 2.

[0059] See Figure 9 As shown, to simultaneously test the shift hub 1's casting airtightness during shaft pressing and rotation, thereby improving production efficiency, a vacuum air duct is provided within the positioning seat 33. This duct has an air inlet 391 at one end and an exhaust port 392 at the other. The bottom surface of the sunken groove 331 of the positioning seat 33 is provided with multiple air holes 38 that communicate with the vacuum air duct. The vacuum air duct is connected to a vacuum tester. When the vacuum tester is activated, air inside the shift hub 1 is extracted through the air holes 38 and exhaust port 392. The vacuum tester then uses the vacuum pressure to test whether the shift hub 1 meets airtightness standards.

[0060] To prevent the shift hub press-fitting machine from triggering the press-fitting operation even when the shaft 2 and shift hub 1 are not already in place, the base plate 31 is equipped with a first infrared detection mechanism 61 for detecting whether the shift hub 1 is placed on the positioning seat 33, and a second infrared detection mechanism 63 for detecting whether the shaft 2 is inserted into the insertion hole 911. Since the shaft 2 may not be properly inserted after being inserted into the press-fitting post 91, which is difficult to detect visually, the base plate 31 is equipped with a visual camera 62 for photographing the shaft 2 installed on the press-fitting post 91. The visual camera 62 can be a 2D or 3D industrial camera. 3D industrial cameras offer higher accuracy and image processing capabilities. The visual camera 62 takes a photo of the shaft 2 and press-fitting post 91 and compares the photo with a standard, qualified photo to electronically determine whether the shaft 2 is properly inserted, thus preventing subsequent press-fitting failures due to human error.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0063] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, and all such changes or substitutions should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shift hub press-fitting shaft machine, characterized in that: It includes a workbench, a shift hub positioning tooling arranged on the workbench, and a rotating shaft pressing structure arranged above the shift hub positioning tooling; The shift hub positioning tool comprises a base plate arranged horizontally on a workbench, a pad arranged on the base plate, a positioning seat arranged on the pad plate, a positioning pin arranged vertically in the middle of the positioning seat, and a presser arranged on the pad plate and pressing the shift hub onto the positioning seat. The positioning seat is provided with a sunken groove for the bottom of the shift hub to be embedded in, and a stopper is provided on the bottom surface of the sunken groove. The positioning seat is provided with a vertical opening beside the stopper, and a limit block for limiting the rotation of the shift hub is provided in the vertical opening. An overhead cavity is provided below the positioning seat, and a driving structure for driving the limit block to move is provided in the overhead cavity. The positioning pin vertically penetrates the positioning seat and can move vertically, and the positioning pin is supported by a floating limit mechanism. The control lever is pivotally connected to the control lever, and the control lever is pivotally connected to the control lever, and the control lever is pivotally connected to the control lever at the bottom of the control lever. The control lever is pivotally connected to the control lever, and the control lever is pivotally connected to the control lever. The floating limit mechanism includes a cylinder bracket fixed to the bottom of the base plate, a press-fit limit cylinder arranged upward on the cylinder bracket, and a support rod coaxially arranged on the end of the piston rod of the press-fit limit cylinder. The base plate is provided with an overhead plate for raising the pad, and the overhead plate is provided with a guide seat fixed to the base plate. A guide hole that cooperates with the positioning pin and an avoidance hole connected to the guide hole are opened at the center of the guide seat, and the avoidance hole is used for the support rod to pass through.

2. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pin is installed on the positioning seat and is rotatably connected to the limit block; the limit block includes a push head, a limit block body, and a lower fork that are integrally formed from top to bottom. The pin passes through the limit block body horizontally, and the driving structure drives the limit block to rotate by pulling the lower fork.

3. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving structure includes a single-acting cylinder and a bidirectional push rod arranged on the output end of the single-acting cylinder. The bidirectional push rod includes a first column head, a connecting shaft, and a second column head which are coaxially connected in sequence. The lower fork is clamped on the connecting shaft.

4. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning pin includes a pin body and a pin tail round head arranged at the bottom of the pin body. The diameter of the pin tail round head is larger than the pin body. A spring is sleeved on the pin body. The top end of the spring presses against the bottom surface of the positioning seat, and the bottom end of the spring presses against the upper surface of the pin tail round head.

5. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the pressure pin is provided with a plurality of magnet mounting holes arranged around the insertion hole, and the side wall of the pressure pin is provided with magnet fixing holes that are the same in number and correspond one to one with the magnet mounting holes. Each magnet mounting hole is installed with an axle-attracting magnet and is fixed by a screw that cooperates with the magnet fixing hole.

6. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting seat includes a seat plate, a plurality of screws vertically arranged on the seat plate, and a transmission plate horizontally arranged above the seat plate. The output end of the oil cylinder is transmission-connected to the transmission plate. An interval for installing the pressure sensor is formed between the transmission plate and the seat plate. The screws penetrate the seat plate from bottom to top, and the heads of the screws press against the bottom surface of the seat plate. The ends of the screws away from the heads penetrate the transmission plate and are equipped with nuts for limiting the transmission plate from separating from the screws.

7. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure pin includes a round head, a circular middle plate and an insert provided at the bottom of the circular middle plate, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The diameter of the circular middle plate is larger than the insert. The pressure head assembly also includes a horizontal adjustment plate provided on the bottom surface of the seat plate. The horizontal adjustment plate is provided with waist-shaped holes extending forward and backward. The bottom surface of the seat plate is provided with first threaded holes that are the same in number and one-to-one correspond to the waist-shaped holes. The top of the horizontal adjustment plate is provided with a circular hole that docks with the round head. The circular middle plate is fixedly connected to the support arm. The circular middle plate and the support arm are jointly provided with a plurality of arc-shaped holes arranged in a circumferential array. The horizontal adjustment plate is provided with second threaded holes that are the same in number and one-to-one correspond to the arc-shaped holes. The bottom surface of the seat plate is provided with a guide groove for embedding the horizontal adjustment plate and guiding the horizontal adjustment plate to move forward and backward.

8. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vacuum air duct is provided inside the positioning seat, one end of the vacuum air duct is provided with an air inlet, and the other end is provided with an exhaust port. The bottom surface of the sinking groove of the positioning seat is provided with a plurality of air holes connected with the vacuum air duct.

9. The shift hub press-fitting shaft machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with a first infrared detection mechanism for detecting whether a shift hub is placed on the positioning seat, a second infrared detection mechanism for detecting whether a rotating shaft is inserted into the socket, and a visual camera for taking pictures of the rotating shaft installed on the pressing column.

Images