A support-free bay window structure and construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of bay window construction, and in particular to a support-free bay window structure and construction method. It comprises three wall panels and a composite panel; the opposite sides of the three wall panels are provided with corbels, and the corbels and the wall panels are cast and formed in one piece; the composite panel is erected on the three corbels, and the edge of the composite panel is in contact with the opposite sides of the three wall panels; wherein the top of the composite panel is used for pouring concrete, and the solidified concrete forms a casting plate, and the casting plate and the composite panel are connected as a whole to form a bay window panel. The support-free bay window structure does not need to add extra supporting components, and only needs to connect and fasten the reserved steel bars of the bay window panel with the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite panel, and then the bay window panel can be cast and formed with the floor structure at one time without erecting a supporting frame. It avoids the situation of erecting a steel pipe rack at a high place, reduces the construction risk, and the construction method can adapt to a variety of construction conditions and will not be affected by the working surface of the steel pipe rack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bay window construction, and in particular to a support-free bay window structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Existing high-rise residential buildings are designed with different slab structures taking into account different structural functions, resulting in structures such as bay windows being arranged at intervals of multiple floors rather than on every floor.

[0003] For the bay window structure, the current construction plan is to support the steel pipe frame separately at the bay window position to install the bay window formwork. However, during on-site construction, the steel pipe frame often has no working surface, making it difficult to construct the bay window board or there is a high risk when erecting the steel pipe frame separately.

[0004] In addition, the installation space at the bottom of existing bay windows is often relatively small. It takes a long time for construction workers to set up and remove the steel pipe rack under the bay window board, and the workers need to remain in a squatting or leaning forward position during the construction process. After remaining in a squatting or leaning forward position for a long time, the construction workers will suffer from lack of oxygen and dizziness when they stand up, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a support-free bay window structure and construction method for the above technical problems. No extra support components need to be added. The reserved steel bars of the bay window board and the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board need to be connected and fastened. Then the bay window board can be cast and formed with the floor structure at one time without setting up a support frame. This avoids the need to set up a steel pipe rack at a high place, reduces construction risks, and this construction method can adapt to a variety of construction conditions without being affected by the working surface of the steel pipe rack.

[0006] The present invention provides a support-free bay window structure, comprising:

[0007] The three wall panels are provided with corbel columns on opposite sides, and the corbel columns and the wall panels are integrally cast;

[0008] A composite board is erected on the three corbel columns, and the edge of the composite board is in contact with the opposite side of the three wall panels;

[0009] The upper part of the composite plate is used for pouring concrete, and the solidified concrete forms a casting plate, and the casting plate is connected with the composite plate as a whole to form a bay window plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the three wall panels include a back panel and two side panels, one side of the back panel is connected to the floor slab, and the other two ends of the back panel are respectively connected to the two side panels, and the top height of the back panel is lower than the top height of the side panels.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the two side panels are provided with a first casting template fixedly installed on one side of the back panel, and the bottom end of the first casting template is located at the edge of the top end of the back panel. The other side of the two side panels is fixed with a second casting template, and the bottom end of the second casting template is located at the edge of the upper surface of the composite panel. A second casting space is formed between the first casting template and the second casting template.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, a plurality of bent steel bars protrude from the upper surface of the composite plate, and a triangular space is formed between the bent steel bars and the upper surface of the composite plate, and the triangular space is used for inserting inner transverse reinforcements.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the bent steel bars are arranged in pairs, and the two bent steel bars arranged in pairs are bent to the same position and form a clamping space. The direction of the clamping space is perpendicular to the direction of the triangular space, and the clamping space is used to insert the inner longitudinal reinforcement.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the bent steel bars, the inner transverse bars and the inner longitudinal bars are bound and fixed by metal wires, and one end of the inner longitudinal bar is bent downward and abuts against the top of the back plate close to the side plate.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, a plurality of outer transverse ribs and outer longitudinal ribs are further arranged between the two side panels, the outer transverse ribs and the outer longitudinal ribs are located above the inner transverse ribs and the inner longitudinal ribs, the plurality of outer transverse ribs and the plurality of outer longitudinal ribs are cross-arranged in a mesh structure, and are bound and fixed by metal wires.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, one end of the outer longitudinal rib is bent downward and abuts against a side of the top end of the back plate away from the side plate.

[0017] In one embodiment, the plurality of outer transverse ribs and the plurality of inner transverse ribs are arranged crosswise in the vertical direction, and the plurality of outer longitudinal ribs and the plurality of inner longitudinal ribs are arranged crosswise in the vertical direction.

[0018] The present invention further provides a construction method of a support-free bay window structure, which is applied to a support-free bay window structure described in any of the above embodiments, and the method comprises:

[0019] First, three wall panels are cast and formed, and a composite board is set up between the three wall panels. At this time, the lower surface of the composite board is attached to the corbel columns on the opposite sides of the three wall panels;

[0020] Concrete is poured on the top of the composite slab. The solidified concrete forms a casting slab, which is connected to the composite slab as a whole to form a bay window slab.

[0021] The above-mentioned support-free bay window structure and construction method are to cast and shape the three wall panels in sequence during construction. Since the three wall panels are all provided with corbels, and the corbels are located on the opposite side of the three wall panels, after the three wall panels are cast, the composite board can be hoisted between the three wall panels, and the lower surface of the composite board can be placed on the three corbels. At this time, concrete can be poured on the top of the composite board. Since the surface of the composite board is usually protruding with steel bars, the concrete will be connected to the composite board through the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board after solidification to form a bay window board. The construction of the above-mentioned bay window board does not require the addition of extra supporting components. It is only necessary to connect and tighten the reserved steel bars of the bay window board with the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board, and then the bay window board can be cast and formed at one time with the floor structure without launching the support frame. It avoids the situation of erecting a steel pipe rack at a high place, reduces the construction risk, and the above-mentioned construction method can adapt to a variety of construction conditions and will not be affected by the working surface of the steel pipe rack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the traditional bay window casting structure;

[0024] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the bay window casting process provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 The second schematic diagram of the bay window casting process provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The third schematic diagram of the bay window casting process provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The fourth schematic diagram of the bay window casting process provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bay window provided by the present invention after casting is completed.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 10. First pouring wall; 20. Second pouring formwork; 21. First pouring space; 30. Steel bar rack; 40. Steel pipe rack; 110. Side plate; 120. Back plate; 130. Floor plate; 200. Corbel column; 310. Composite plate; 320. Bent steel bar; 321. Clamping space; 330. Casting plate; 410. First pouring formwork; 420. Second pouring formwork; 430. Second pouring space; 510. Inner transverse reinforcement; 520. Inner longitudinal reinforcement; 610. Outer transverse reinforcement; 620. Outer longitudinal reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Traditional bay window casting structure Figure 1 As shown, it includes a primary casting wall 10, a secondary casting formwork 20 fixed on the integral casting wall, and a second casting formwork 420 forming a first casting space 21, wherein the bottom surface of the secondary casting formwork 20 needs to be supported and fixed by multiple steel pipe racks 40, and a steel bar rack 30 needs to be set in the secondary casting formwork 20, which is used to be located inside the solidified concrete after the concrete is cast in the first casting space 21 to improve the stability of the concrete. At this time, it is necessary to first remove the steel pipe rack 40, and then remove each surface of the secondary casting formwork 20.

[0033] In the above casting process, firstly, the installation position of the steel pipe rack 40 is relatively narrow, so the construction workers need to keep bending and curling up during the disassembly and assembly process. On the one hand, it is easy to cause collision and injury, and on the other hand, the construction workers' work progress is slow due to the narrow space.

[0034] Combine the following Figures 2 to 6 The invention describes a support-free bay window structure and a construction method.

[0035] In one embodiment, a support-free bay window structure includes three wall panels and a composite plate 310; corbel columns 200 are provided on opposite sides of the three wall panels, and the corbel columns 200 and the wall panels are cast as one piece; the composite plate 310 is erected on the three corbel columns 200, and the edges of the composite plate 310 are in contact with opposite sides of the three wall panels; wherein, the top of the composite plate 310 is used for pouring concrete, and the solidified concrete forms a casting plate 330, and the casting plate 330 is connected to the composite plate 310 as a whole to form a bay window plate.

[0036] Specifically, during construction, the three wall panels are cast in sequence. Since corbels 200 are provided on the three wall panels and the corbels 200 are located on the opposite side of the three wall panels, after the three wall panels are cast, the composite board 310 can be hoisted between the three wall panels, and the lower surface of the composite board 310 can be placed on the three corbels 200. At this time, concrete can be poured on the top of the composite board 310. Since steel bars are usually protruding from the surface of the composite board 310, the concrete will be connected to the composite board 310 through the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board 310 after solidification to form a bay window board.

[0037] The above-mentioned support-free bay window structure is cast and formed by casting the three wall panels in sequence during construction. Since the three wall panels are all provided with corbels 200, and the corbels 200 are located on the opposite side of the three wall panels, after the casting of the three wall panels is completed, the composite board 310 can be hoisted between the three wall panels, and the lower surface of the composite board 310 can be placed on the three corbels 200. At this time, concrete can be poured on the composite board 310. Since the surface of the composite board 310 is usually protruding with steel bars, the concrete will be connected to the composite board 310 through the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board 310 after solidification to form a bay window board. The construction of the above-mentioned bay window board does not require the addition of extra supporting components. It is only necessary to connect and tighten the reserved steel bars of the bay window board with the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board 310, and then the bay window board can be cast and formed with the floor structure at one time without launching the support frame. The situation of erecting the steel pipe rack 40 at a high place is avoided, and the construction risk is reduced. In addition, the above-mentioned construction method can adapt to various construction conditions and will not be affected by the erection working surface of the steel pipe rack 40.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the three wall panels include a back panel 120 and two side panels 110, one side of the back panel 120 is connected to the floor slab 130, and the other two ends of the back panel 120 are respectively connected to the two side panels 110, and the top height of the back panel 120 is lower than the top height of the side panels 110.

[0039] Specifically, after the three wall panels are cast, the composite plate 310 is hoisted to the lower surface and placed on three corbel columns 200 . At this time, the height difference between the upper surface of the composite plate 310 and the top of the back plate 120 is less than the thickness of the casting plate 330 .

[0040] The upper surface level of the stacking plate 310 is preferably higher than the top level of the back plate 120 .

[0041] When the horizontal height of the upper surface of the composite plate 310 is higher than the horizontal height of the top of the back plate 120, a part of the casting plate 330 after casting will be placed on the top of the back plate 120, so that the bay window plate is more stable.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, two side panels 110 are provided with a first casting template 410 fixedly installed on one side of the back panel 120, and the bottom end of the first casting template 410 is located at the edge of the top of the back panel 120, and a second casting template 420 is fixed on the other side of the two side panels 110, and the bottom end of the second casting template 420 is located at the edge of the upper surface of the composite plate 310, and a second casting space 430 is formed between the first casting template 410 and the second casting template 420.

[0043] Specifically, when the first casting template 410 and the second casting template 420 are fixed, the sides of the first casting template 410, the second casting template 420 and the two side panels 110 constitute the sides of the second casting space 430, and the upper surface of the composite plate 310 and the top of the back plate 120 constitute the bottom surface of the second casting space 430.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, a plurality of bent steel bars 320 protrude from the upper surface of the composite plate 310 , and a triangular space is formed between the bent steel bars 320 and the upper surface of the composite plate 310 , and the triangular space is used to insert the inner transverse bars 510 .

[0045] Specifically, when preparing the composite plate 310, the template is first set up, and then a plurality of bent steel bars 320 are added to the template. The bent steel bars 320 are composed of three parts. The central axes of the two ends of the bent steel bars 320 coincide with each other, and the middle part of the bent steel bars 320 is bent upward and protrudes from the casting area of ​​the composite plate 310. At the same time, in order to make the composite plate 310 stronger, it is also necessary to set built-in steel bars perpendicular to the direction of the bent steel bars 320 according to the setting direction of the bent steel bars 320. The built-in steel bars are located in the casting area of ​​the composite plate 310. After the casting is completed, the upper surface of the composite plate 310 will have a plurality of bent steel bars 320.

[0046] In one embodiment, the bent steel bars 320 are arranged in pairs, and the two bent steel bars 320 arranged in pairs are bent to the same position and form a clamping space 321. The direction of the clamping space 321 is perpendicular to the direction of the triangular space, and the clamping space 321 is used to insert the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520.

[0047] Specifically, the inner transverse reinforcement 510 inserted in the triangular space is used to enhance the strength of the casting plate 330. When the bent steel bars 320 are arranged in pairs and bent to the same position, a clamping space 321 is formed between the bent steel bars 320 arranged in pairs. The clamping space 321 is used to insert the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520. Since the inner transverse reinforcement 510 has been inserted in the triangular space, the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520 will be stably located at the top of the clamping space 321 under the influence of the clamping space 321 and the inner transverse reinforcement 510, which is convenient for subsequent construction bundling and concrete pouring.

[0048] By bending the bent steel bar 320 and forming a clamping space 321 for inserting the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520, compared with setting the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520 in the non-clamping space 321, the setting method in this embodiment makes it more stable and less likely to deform when the inner transverse reinforcement 510 or the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520 is subjected to force, thereby reducing or avoiding damage to the casting plate 330 structure.

[0049] In one embodiment, the bent steel bar 320 , the inner transverse bar 510 and the inner longitudinal bar 520 are bound and fixed by metal wires, and one end of the inner longitudinal bar 520 is bent downward and abuts against the top of the back plate 120 close to the side plate 110 .

[0050] Specifically, the metal wire includes iron wire or steel wire. During the concrete pouring process, the metal wire is only used to prevent the cross-arranged steel bars from being separated before the pouring is completed, thereby causing uneven distribution of steel bars inside the concrete and affecting the strength of the concrete structure. In order to save costs, metal iron wire is preferably used in this embodiment.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, a plurality of outer transverse ribs 610 and outer longitudinal ribs 620 are further arranged between the two side panels 110. The outer transverse ribs 610 and the outer longitudinal ribs 620 are located above the inner transverse ribs 510 and the inner longitudinal ribs 520. The plurality of outer transverse ribs 610 and the plurality of outer longitudinal ribs 620 are cross-arranged in a mesh structure and are bound and fixed by metal wires.

[0052] Specifically, one end of the outer longitudinal reinforcement 620 is bent downward and abutted against the side of the top of the back plate 120 away from the side plate 110. By bending one end of the inner longitudinal reinforcement 520 downward and abutting against the end of the top of the back plate 120 close to the side plate 110, and bending one end of the outer longitudinal reinforcement 620 downward and abutting against the end of the top of the back plate 120 close to the side plate 110, the structural strength of the portion of the casting plate 330 placed on the top of the back plate 120 can also meet the use standard.

[0053] Preferably, the plurality of outer transverse ribs 610 and the plurality of inner transverse ribs 510 are cross-arranged in the vertical direction, and the plurality of outer longitudinal ribs 620 and the plurality of inner longitudinal ribs 520 are cross-arranged in the vertical direction.

[0054] In one embodiment, two rows of vertical longitudinal bars protrude from the opposite sides of the two side panels 110. Before the composite plate 310 is hoisted, the first row of vertical longitudinal bars away from the side panels 110 is bent and arranged horizontally. At this time, the upper surface of the bent first row of vertical longitudinal bars is located in the same plane as the upper surface of the corbel column 200. After the composite plate 310 is hoisted on multiple corbel columns 200, the bent first row of vertical longitudinal bars is tied and fixed to the steel bars protruding from the lower surface of the composite plate 310. Then, the second row of vertical longitudinal bars close to the side panels 110 is bent, and the bent second row of vertical longitudinal bars is tied and fixed to the steel bars on the upper surface of the composite plate 310 (such as the inner transverse bars 510, the inner longitudinal bars 520, and the bent steel bars 320), thereby further enhancing the fixing effect of the composite plate 310.

[0055] In one embodiment, a construction method of a support-free bay window structure is applied to a support-free bay window structure of any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0056] First, three wall panels are cast and formed, and a composite board is set up between the three wall panels. At this time, the lower surface of the composite board is attached to the corbel columns on the opposite sides of the three wall panels.

[0057] Concrete is poured on the top of the composite slab. The solidified concrete forms a casting slab, which is connected to the composite slab as a whole to form a bay window slab.

[0058] The construction method of the above-mentioned support-free bay window structure is to cast and shape the three wall panels in sequence during construction. Since the three wall panels are all provided with corbels, and the corbels are located on the opposite side of the three wall panels, after the three wall panels are cast, the composite board can be hoisted between the three wall panels, and the lower surface of the composite board can be placed on the three corbels. At this time, concrete can be poured on the top of the composite board. Since the surface of the composite board is usually protruding with steel bars, the concrete will be connected to the composite board through the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board after solidification to form a bay window board. The construction of the above-mentioned bay window board does not require the addition of extra supporting components. It only needs to connect and tighten the reserved steel bars of the bay window board with the steel bars protruding from the surface of the composite board, and then the bay window board can be cast and formed at one time with the floor structure without launching the support frame. It avoids the situation of erecting a steel pipe rack at a high place, reduces the construction risk, and the above-mentioned construction method can adapt to a variety of construction conditions and will not be affected by the working surface of the steel pipe rack.

[0059] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A support-free bay window structure, characterized in that: include: The three wall panels are provided with corbel columns on opposite sides, and the corbel columns and the wall panels are integrally cast; A composite board is erected on the three corbel columns, and the edge of the composite board is in contact with the opposite side of the three wall panels; The top of the composite plate is used for pouring concrete, and the solidified concrete forms a pouring plate, and the pouring plate is connected to the composite plate as a whole to form a bay window plate; The three wall panels include a back panel and two side panels, one side of the back panel is connected to the floor panel, and two ends of the other side of the back panel are respectively connected to the two side panels, and the top height of the back panel is lower than the top height of the side panels; After the three wall panels are cast, the composite plate is hoisted to the lower surface and placed on three corbels. At this time, the height difference between the upper surface of the composite plate and the top of the back plate is less than the thickness of the casting plate. A first casting template is fixedly installed on one side of the two side panels provided with the back panel, the bottom end of the first casting template is located at the edge of the top end of the back panel, and a second casting template is fixed on the other side of the two side panels, the bottom end of the second casting template is located at the edge of the upper surface of the composite panel, and a second casting space is formed between the first casting template and the second casting template; When the first casting template and the second casting template are fixed, the first casting template, the second casting template and the side surfaces of the two side plates constitute the side surfaces of the second casting space, and the upper surface of the composite plate and the top of the back plate constitute the bottom surface of the second casting space; A plurality of bent steel bars protrude from the upper surface of the composite plate, and a triangular space is formed between the bent steel bars and the upper surface of the composite plate, and the triangular space is used for inserting the inner transverse bars; The bent steel bars are arranged in pairs, and the two bent steel bars arranged in pairs are bent to the same position and form a clamping space, the direction of the clamping space is perpendicular to the direction of the triangular space, and the clamping space is used to insert the inner longitudinal reinforcement; The bent steel bars, the inner transverse bars and the inner longitudinal bars are bound and fixed by metal wires, and one end of the inner longitudinal bar is bent downward and abuts against a side of the top of the back plate close to the side plate; A plurality of outer transverse ribs and outer longitudinal ribs are also arranged between the two side panels, the outer transverse ribs and the outer longitudinal ribs are located above the inner transverse ribs and the inner longitudinal ribs, the plurality of outer transverse ribs and the plurality of outer longitudinal ribs are cross-arranged in a mesh structure, and are bound and fixed by metal wires; One end of the outer longitudinal rib is bent downward and abuts against a side of the top end of the back plate away from the side plate; The plurality of outer transverse ribs and the plurality of inner transverse ribs are arranged crosswise in the vertical direction, and the plurality of outer longitudinal ribs and the plurality of inner longitudinal ribs are arranged crosswise in the vertical direction; Two rows of vertical longitudinal bars protrude from opposite sides of the two side plates. Before the composite plate is hoisted, the first row of vertical longitudinal bars away from the side plates are bent and arranged horizontally. At this time, the upper surface of the bent first row of vertical longitudinal bars and the upper surface of the corbel are located in the same plane. After the composite plate is hoisted on multiple corbels, the bent first row of vertical longitudinal bars are tied and fixed to the steel bars protruding from the lower surface of the composite plate. Then, the second row of vertical longitudinal reinforcements close to the side plates are bent, and the bent second row of vertical longitudinal reinforcements are tied and fixed to the inner transverse reinforcements, inner longitudinal reinforcements and bent steel bars on the upper surface of the composite plate.

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