Planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion process and equipment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of gear processing, and specifically relates to a planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion process and equipment. The process includes a first step, a workpiece is placed on a tooth die, and a first linear pusher is started to push the die to extrude the workpiece and preliminarily form a hole; a second step, the first linear pusher continues to push the die, and a pressure rod expands and extrudes the hole on the workpiece; a third step, the first linear pusher continues to push the die upward; a fourth step, the second linear pusher continues to raise the lower push rod to push the workpiece out of the tooth die; compared with the existing technology, the present invention integrates the cold pressing and extrusion of the tooth part of the planetary gear into one device, and completes them simultaneously in one process, which can shorten the production cycle, improve production efficiency, avoid multiple clamping and positioning, reduce processing errors, and improve processing accuracy and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of gear processing, and in particular relates to a planetary gear cold extrusion, hole extrusion and composite extrusion process and equipment. Background Art

[0002] The essence of cold pressing is to utilize the plastic deformation properties of metal to continuously flatten microscopic peaks on the workpiece surface. The metal beneath the peaks is not only pressed downward but also squeezed out of the valleys on either side of the peaks, minimizing microscopic irregularities and achieving minimal surface roughness. For example, the forming process of planetary gears requires cold extrusion of the teeth and expansion of the center hole. However, in existing technology, cold pressing and expansion are typically performed in two separate processes on different equipment, resulting in a longer processing cycle and repeated clamping that can affect positioning and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion process and equipment to solve the problems existing in the prior art. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0004] The planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion process includes the following steps:

[0005] In the first step, the workpiece is placed on the tooth die, and the first linear push device is started to push the die to extrude the workpiece into shape;

[0006] In the second step, the first linear push device continues to push the die, and the pressure rod expands the workpiece;

[0007] In the third step, the first linear push device continues to push the die upward;

[0008] In the fourth step, the second linear push device continues to raise the lower push rod to push the workpiece out of the tooth die.

[0009] Planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion equipment, including a first linear pusher, a second linear pusher, a concave die, a tooth die, a pressure rod and a lower ejector rod;

[0010] The female die is located above the tooth die, and the two opposite sides together form a die cavity for placing the workpiece. The top of the female die is connected to the first linear pusher, the first linear pusher is connected to the pressure rod, and the second linear pusher is connected to the lower pusher.

[0011] The pressing rod vertically passes through the female die, and is used to enter the die cavity downward and expand the workpiece after the female die presses the tooth die under the push of the first linear pushing device;

[0012] The lower ejector rod vertically passes through the tooth die and is used for extruding the workpiece upward under the push of the second linear pushing device.

[0013] Furthermore, the first linear driving device is connected to a transition block via a connecting rod mechanism, the transition block is detachably connected to the top of the die, and the output end of the first linear driving device is fixedly connected to a push rod, which is located above the pressure rod and is coaxially arranged;

[0014] The connecting rod mechanism is used to transmit the pressure of the first linear driving device to the transition block, and when the die and the tooth die are pressed tightly, the connecting rod mechanism no longer transmits power; when the die and the tooth die are pressed tightly, the push rod abuts against the pressure rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanism includes a top plate, an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and a hollow shell;

[0016] The top plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the first linear driving device, the bottom of the top plate is fixedly connected to the push rod, the top of the upper connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top plate, the bottom of the upper connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the lower connecting rod, and the bottom of the lower connecting rod is rotatably connected to the transition block; the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are arranged obliquely, and the connecting portion thereof is inclined outward;

[0017] The hollow shell is fixedly arranged, the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are both located inside the hollow shell, and the connecting portion of the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod abuts against the inner wall surface of the hollow shell;

[0018] The hollow shell includes a straight section and a tapered section, the tapered section is located at the bottom of the straight section, the straight section is a hollow cylindrical structure, the tapered section is a hollow frustum structure, and the inner diameter of the tapered section gradually increases from top to bottom;

[0019] When the portion where the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are connected is located in the straight section, the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod maintain an angle, and the die is subjected to pressure from the first linear driving device; when the portion where the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are connected is located in the tapered section, the portion where the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are connected moves outward, and the die is not subjected to pressure from the first linear driving device.

[0020] Furthermore, the top plate can slide through the top of the limit rod, the bottom of the limit rod is fixedly connected to the transition block, and the top of the limit rod is fixedly connected to the limit head, which is used to abut the top plate so that the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are in an inclined state.

[0021] Furthermore, a roller is installed at the portion where the upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are connected, and a sliding groove cooperating with the roller is provided on the inner wall surface of the hollow shell.

[0022] Furthermore, the top of the pressure rod is connected to a limiting nut, the limiting nut abuts the top of the reset spring, the reset spring is sleeved on the pressure rod, and the bottom of the reset spring abuts the transition block.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the existing technology, the present invention integrates the cold pressing and extrusion of the planetary gear teeth into one device, and completes them simultaneously in one process, which can shorten the production cycle, improve production efficiency, avoid multiple clamping and positioning, reduce processing errors, and improve processing accuracy and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of hole expansion;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the die being reset. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a combination of the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1-Figure 3 , clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 , planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion equipment, including a first linear driving device 15, a second linear driving device 5, a female die 6, a tooth die 2, a pressure rod 8 and a lower ejector rod 4;

[0030] The female die 6 is located above the tooth die 2, and the two opposite sides together form a mold cavity for placing the workpiece 3. The top of the female die 6 is connected to the first linear driving device 15, the first linear driving device 15 is connected to the pressure rod 8, and the second linear driving device 5 is connected to the lower push rod 4;

[0031] The pressing rod 8 vertically passes through the female die 6. The pressing rod 8 is used to enter the die cavity downward and expand the workpiece 3 after the female die 6 presses the tooth die 2 under the push of the first linear pushing device 15.

[0032] The lower ejector rod 4 vertically passes through the tooth die 2 and is used to extrude the workpiece 3 upward under the push of the second linear pushing device 5 .

[0033] Specifically, the first linear actuator 15 and the second linear actuator 5 are both conventional technologies, such as hydraulic cylinders. The workpiece 3 is a planetary gear workpiece with a pre-machined hole in its center. The present invention aims to cold-press a tooth portion into the workpiece 3 and then expand the pre-machined hole.

[0034] The specific steps are as follows:

[0035] In the first step, the workpiece 3 is placed on the tooth die 2, and the first linear pusher 15 is started to push the die 6 to extrude the workpiece 3 into shape;

[0036] In the second step, the first linear pusher 15 continues to push the die 6, and the pressure rod 8 expands the workpiece 3;

[0037] In the third step, the first linear driving device 15 continues to push the die 6 upward;

[0038] In the fourth step, the second linear pusher 5 continues to move the lower push rod 4 upward, pushing the workpiece 3 out of the tooth die 2, and completing the processing.

[0039] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention integrates the cold pressing and extrusion of the planetary gear teeth into one device and completes them simultaneously in one process, which can shorten the production cycle, improve production efficiency, avoid multiple clamping and positioning, reduce processing errors, and improve processing accuracy and stability.

[0040] Furthermore, the first linear pushing device 15 is connected to the transition block 7 through a connecting rod mechanism, and the transition block 7 is detachably connected to the top of the die 6 by screws. The output end of the first linear pushing device 15 is fixedly connected to the push rod 18, and the push rod 18 is located above the pressure rod 8 and is coaxially arranged; in the initial state, the push rod 18 and the pressure rod 8 are spaced apart.

[0041] The connecting rod mechanism is used to transmit the pressure of the first linear driving device 15 to the transition block 7. When the die 6 and the tooth die 2 are pressed tightly together, the connecting rod mechanism no longer transmits power. When the die 6 and the tooth die 2 are pressed tightly together, the push rod 18 abuts against the pressure rod 8. This design prevents the transition block 7 from being subjected to excessive pressure when the pressure rod 8 is expanding the hole, thereby protecting the transition block 7 from damage.

[0042] Specifically, the connecting rod mechanism includes a top plate 16, an upper connecting rod 11, a lower connecting rod 10 and a hollow shell 13;

[0043] The top plate 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first linear driving device 15, the bottom of the top plate 16 is fixedly connected to the push rod 18, the top of the upper connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the top plate 16, the bottom of the upper connecting rod 11 is rotatably connected to the top of the lower connecting rod 10, and the bottom of the lower connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected to the transition block 7; the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are arranged at an angle, and the connecting portion thereof is tilted outward; the connecting portion of the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 is tilted in a direction away from the push rod 18. Multiple upper connecting rods 11 and lower connecting rods 10 may be provided around the circumference of the top plate 16.

[0044] The hollow housing 13 is fixedly mounted, with the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 both located within the hollow housing 13. The portion where the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 connect is in contact with the inner wall of the hollow housing 13. The hollow housing 13, the first linear actuator 15, and the second linear actuator 5 are all fixedly mounted and can be secured by corresponding racks or brackets. The bottom of the tooth mold 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1, which is fixedly mounted. The second linear actuator 5 is located below the base 1, and the lower push rod 4 vertically passes through the base 1 and the tooth mold 2.

[0045] The hollow shell 13 includes a straight section and a tapered section, the tapered section is located at the bottom of the straight section, the straight section is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the tapered section is a hollow frustum structure, and the inner diameter of the tapered section gradually increases from top to bottom; the tapered section and the straight section are integrally formed, and the purpose of providing the tapered section is to guide the movement of the connecting part of the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 to the tapered section when the hole is expanded after the tooth portion of the workpiece 3 is extruded. Therefore, the transition block 7 and the die 6 are no longer subjected to greater pressure in the vertical direction.

[0046] like Figure 1 When the portion where the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are connected is located in the straight section, the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 maintain an angle. Since the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 cannot bend, the pressure of the first linear driving device 15 is directly transmitted to the die 6, and the die 6 is subjected to the pressure of the first linear driving device 15.

[0047] like Figure 2 When the portion where the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are connected is located in the conical section, the portion where the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are connected moves outward, the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 bend, and the die 6 is not subjected to the pressure of the first linear pusher 15.

[0048] Furthermore, the top plate 16 can slide through the top of the limiting rod 17, the bottom of the limiting rod 17 is fixedly connected to the transition block 7, and the top of the limiting rod 17 is fixedly connected to the limiting head, which is used to abut the top plate 16, so that the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are in an inclined state. Figure 3 After the hole is expanded, the lower ejector rod 4 ejects the workpiece 3, and then the first linear pusher 15 resets the die 6 upward to form a gap between the die 6 and the tooth die 2. At this time, under the support of the limit head, the die 6 is lifted upward, and the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 maintain the inclined structure. The limit rod 17 can be set around the circumference of the top plate 16.

[0049] Furthermore, a roller 12 is installed at the portion where the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are connected, and a sliding groove 14 is provided on the inner wall surface of the hollow shell 13 to cooperate with the roller 12. The roller 12 is constrained to roll in the sliding groove 14, so that the portion where the upper connecting rod 11 and the lower connecting rod 10 are connected can slide more smoothly.

[0050] Furthermore, the top of the pressure rod 8 is connected to a limiting nut, which abuts the top of a return spring 9. The return spring 9 is sleeved on the pressure rod 8, and the bottom of the return spring 9 abuts the transition block 7. The function of the return spring 9 is to lift the pressure rod 8 upward to reset it.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various deformations, modifications, and substitutions made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion equipment, characterized by: It comprises a first linear pushing device (15), a second linear pushing device (5), a female die (6), a tooth die (2), a pressing rod (8) and a lower ejector rod (4); The die (6) is located above the tooth die (2), and the two opposite sides together form a die cavity for placing the workpiece (3); the top of the die (6) is connected to the first linear pusher (15), the first linear pusher (15) is connected to the pressure rod (8), and the second linear pusher (5) is connected to the lower pusher (4); The pressing rod (8) vertically passes through the female die (6), and is used to, under the push of the first linear pushing device (15), enter the die cavity downward and expand the workpiece (3) after the female die (6) presses the tooth die (2); The lower push rod (4) vertically passes through the tooth die (2) and is used to extrude the workpiece (3) upward under the push of the second linear push device (5); The first linear driving device (15) is connected to a transition block (7) via a connecting rod mechanism, and the transition block (7) is detachably connected to the top of the die (6). The output end of the first linear driving device (15) is fixedly connected to a push rod (18), and the push rod (18) is located above the pressure rod (8) and is coaxially arranged. The connecting rod mechanism is used to transmit the pressure of the first linear driving device (15) to the transition block (7), and when the die (6) and the tooth die (2) are pressed tightly, the connecting rod mechanism no longer transmits power; when the die (6) and the tooth die (2) are pressed tightly, the push rod (18) abuts against the pressure rod (8); The connecting rod mechanism comprises a top plate (16), an upper connecting rod (11), a lower connecting rod (10) and a hollow shell (13); The top plate (16) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first linear push device (15), the bottom of the top plate (16) is fixedly connected to the push rod (18), the top of the upper connecting rod (11) is rotatably connected to the top of the lower connecting rod (10), and the bottom of the lower connecting rod (10) is rotatably connected to the transition block (7); the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are tilted, and the connecting portion thereof is tilted outward; The hollow shell (13) is fixedly arranged, the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are both located inside the hollow shell (13), and the portion where the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are connected abuts against the inner wall surface of the hollow shell (13); The hollow shell (13) comprises a straight section and a tapered section, wherein the tapered section is located at the bottom of the straight section, the straight section is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the tapered section is a hollow frustum structure, and the inner diameter of the tapered section gradually increases from top to bottom; When the portion where the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are connected is located in the straight section, the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) maintain an angle, and the die (6) is subjected to pressure from the first linear driving device (15); when the portion where the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are connected is located in the conical section, the portion where the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are connected moves outward, and the die (6) is not subjected to pressure from the first linear driving device (15).

2. The planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate (16) can slide through the top of the limiting rod (17); the bottom of the limiting rod (17) is fixedly connected to the transition block (7); the top of the limiting rod (17) is fixedly connected to a limiting head; the limiting head is used to abut against the top plate (16) so that the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are in an inclined state.

3. The planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion where the upper connecting rod (11) and the lower connecting rod (10) are connected is provided with a roller (12), and the inner wall surface of the hollow shell (13) is provided with a sliding groove (14) that cooperates with the roller (12).

4. The planetary gear cold extrusion and hole extrusion composite extrusion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pressure rod (8) is connected to a limiting nut, the limiting nut abuts the top of a return spring (9), the return spring (9) is sleeved on the pressure rod (8), and the bottom of the return spring (9) abuts the transition block (7).

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