Device and method for testing the expansion of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for testing the expansion of water-absorbing materials in the prevention and control of groundwater pollution, wherein the device includes a support platform, a fixing frame, and a pressing block. The support platform is also provided with an outer block and an inner block, wherein the outer block is located outside the inner block; the pressing block is located in the inner block, and the fixing frame is located outside the outer block. A test solution is stored in the block, and a liquid-permeable hole is provided on the surface of the pressing block. The device also includes a test component, which is a combination of one or more of a pressure gauge, a mass block, a test container, and a solid. The sample to be tested is placed in the inner block and is located between the pressing block and the table of the support platform. The method performs corresponding steps according to the design of the device, and the expansion performance of the water-absorbing material can be observed intuitively. The present invention has a simple composition and low cost, and multiple groups can be set for simultaneous observation, and the measurement components can be combined according to different scenarios, so as to more intuitively obtain the expansion changes of the water-absorbing material sample, so as to conveniently and quickly select suitable materials for subsequent testing, thereby improving engineering efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of measurement technology, and in particular relates to a device and a method for testing the expansion of water-absorbing materials in the prevention and control of groundwater pollution. Background Art

[0002] Water-absorbent materials refer to materials that can absorb and retain water through their internal microstructures in water or humid environments. Specifically, water absorption is one of the physical properties of a material, which describes the ability of a material to absorb and retain water when in contact with water, and this property is usually related to the pore structure of the material, so common water-absorbent materials will swell after absorbing water.

[0003] In practical applications, water-absorbent materials can be used in many occasions, such as concrete, bricks and tiles in building materials, which need to have a certain water absorption to ensure the durability and stability of the structure. In addition, water-absorbent materials are also widely used in sanitary products, agricultural water retention materials and other fields. When designing and selecting materials, it is very important to consider their water absorption properties, because it directly affects the service life and application effect of the material.

[0004] At present, the quantitative measurement process for the water absorption of materials is very complete, and there are corresponding automated instruments. However, in actual application, faced with a large number of alternative water-absorbing materials, how to quickly determine their swelling performance after water absorption, there is no corresponding equipment / device. Therefore, engineers are required to conduct tests one by one and record the corresponding results, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increases engineering costs; in particular, existing equipment cannot observe or measure the swelling performance of water-absorbing materials in situations close to actual scenarios.

[0005] In summary, the existing device needs to be improved so as to quickly observe the expansion performance of water-absorbing materials and observe the expansion changes close to the actual scene. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims at the problems existing in the prior art and provides a device and a method for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in the prevention and control of groundwater pollution, so as to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides a device for testing the expansion of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control, which mainly includes a support platform, a fixing frame, and a pressing block; the support platform is also provided with an outer block and an inner block, the outer block is located outside the inner block; the pressing block is located in the inner block, and the fixing frame is located outside the outer block;

[0009] The height of the inner enclosure is smaller than that of the outer enclosure, and during operation, a test solution is stored in the outer enclosure and / or the inner enclosure;

[0010] The surface of the pressing block is provided with a liquid permeable hole, and the liquid permeable hole is connected to the lower part of the pressing block;

[0011] Also included is a test assembly, the test assembly being detachably connected to the fixing frame;

[0012] The test component is one or more combinations of a pressure gauge, a mass block, a test container, and a solid object;

[0013] The sample to be tested is placed in the inner enclosure and is located between the pressing block and the table surface of the supporting table.

[0014] Optionally, the inner enclosure is in a circular ring structure;

[0015] The lower part of the pressing block is in a cylindrical or truncated cone structure, and the bottom surface is provided with the liquid permeable hole.

[0016] Optionally, the pressing block is a piston structure with an I-shaped cross section;

[0017] The lower diameter of the pressing block is equal to the inner diameter of the inner enclosure;

[0018] When the sample to be tested is not placed therein, the upper lower edge of the pressing block is higher than or equal to the upper end surface of the inner enclosure.

[0019] Optionally, filter paper is laid between the sample to be tested and the pressing block;

[0020] Filter paper is laid between the sample to be tested and the table surface of the support table.

[0021] Optionally, the density of the compact is less than the density of the test solution;

[0022] The test solution is one of purified water, mineral water or salt water.

[0023] Optionally, the fixing frame is an adjustable structure, provided with a column and a clamping plate;

[0024] The upright column is vertically mounted on the table top of the support table;

[0025] One end of the clamp is connected to the column through a fastener, and the other end is connected to the test assembly through a fastener.

[0026] Optionally, the test assembly is provided with the pressure gauge;

[0027] The pressure gauge is connected to the fixing frame, and the bottom probe is in contact with the upper surface of the pressing block.

[0028] Optionally, the test assembly is provided with the pressure gauge and the mass block;

[0029] The pressure gauge is connected to the fixing frame, and the bottom probe is in contact with the upper surface of the mass block;

[0030] The mass block is placed on the upper surface of the pressing block.

[0031] Optionally, the test component is provided with the test container and the solid substance;

[0032] The test container is an inverted open container made of a transparent material; the interior of the test container is filled with the solid material, which is in the form of particles or lumps;

[0033] The top of the test container is connected to the fixing frame via an adapter;

[0034] The peripheral side surface of the pressing block is in contact with the inner wall of the open portion of the testing container, and filter paper is laid between the solid matter and the top surface of the pressing block.

[0035] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for testing the expansibility of a water-absorbing material, the main steps of which include:

[0036] S1. Prepare at least one set of samples to be tested and a device, place the samples to be tested into the inner enclosure of the device, and place a pressing block above the samples to be tested;

[0037] S2, adjusting the test assembly so that the measuring end is in direct or indirect contact with the pressing block, and then pouring the test solution into the inner enclosure or the outer enclosure, and the test solution is in contact with the sample to be tested through the liquid permeable hole;

[0038] S3. Observe the changes of the test component over time and record them as sample expansion changes.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The present invention has a simple composition and low cost, and multiple groups can be set up for simultaneous observation, and the measurement components can be combined according to different scenarios, so as to more intuitively obtain the expansion changes of water-absorbing material samples, thereby conveniently and quickly selecting suitable materials for subsequent testing, thereby improving engineering efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a stereogram (single pressure gauge) in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram (single pressure gauge) in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a stereogram of a specific embodiment of the present invention (combination of a pressure gauge and a mass block);

[0045] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram (pressure gauge and mass block combination) in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a stereogram of a specific embodiment of the present invention (combination of a test container and a solid object);

[0047] Figure 6 A perspective view of a specific embodiment of the present invention (a test container and a solid combination);

[0048] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention (combination of test container and solid substance).

[0049] In the figure: 1, support platform, 2, outer block, 3, inner block, 4, column, 5, clamp, 6, pressure block, 7, pressure gauge, 8, mass block, 9, test container, 10, sample to be tested, 11, filter paper, 12, test solution, 901, connecting column, 902, solid, 903, container body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the relative relationships indicated by the terms "upper end", "lower bottom", "upper part", "lower part", etc. are based on the placement or design position in actual applications. They are for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific position. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0053] Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, “plurality” means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] It should also be noted that the methods used in the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the raw materials and devices used are all conventional commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0056] The present invention provides a Figure 1-Figure 7 The device for testing the expansion property of water-absorbing materials in the prevention and control of groundwater pollution shown mainly comprises a support platform 1 , a fixing frame and a pressing block 6 .

[0057] Among them, the support table 1 adopts a simplified structure and is designed as a disc-type flat plate structure. It is placed on the desktop during use, and an outer baffle 2 and an inner baffle 3 are provided thereon. Preferably, the outer baffle 2 and the inner baffle 3 are both annular structures when viewed from above, and their bottoms are fixedly sealed and connected to the table top of the support table 1, thereby forming a fluid storage space. The inner diameter of the outer baffle 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner baffle 3, and it is mounted on the outside of the inner baffle 3, forming a liquid storage space in the middle. Furthermore, in order to allow the fluid to smoothly enter the inner baffle 3, the height of the inner baffle 3 is designed to be lower than the height of the outer baffle 2, so that after the test solution 12 is added, the test solution 12 can normally flow into the inner baffle 3 in an overflow manner.

[0058] The pressing block 6 is located in the inner enclosure 3. In this embodiment, the pressing block 6 adopts a special-shaped design, specifically a piston structure with an I-shaped cross section, and the upper and lower parts are both truncated cone structures, connected in the middle by a cylindrical structure. The lower part of the corresponding lower pressing block 6 is processed with a liquid-permeable hole that passes through from top to bottom, so that the test solution 12 in the inner enclosure 3 can contact the sample 10 to be tested. Further, in order to avoid the test solution 12 being blocked by the upper part of the pressing block 6, it is designed that when the sample 10 to be tested is not placed and the pressing block 6 is placed in the inner enclosure 3, its upper lower edge is higher than or equal to the upper end surface of the inner enclosure 3, so that after the test sample 10 is placed, a vertical gap is left between the upper part of the pressing block 6 and the inner enclosure 3, so that the test solution 10 can enter the inner enclosure 3. Among them, the sample 10 to be tested is a water-absorbing material that needs to be tested, which can be specifically granular, or agglomerated, or a disc that matches the bottom surface of the inner enclosure 3. In order to make the observed expansion of the water-absorbing material more objective, the lower diameter of the pressing block 6 is designed to be the same as or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner enclosure 3, and a filter paper 11 is laid on the upper part of the sample 10 to be tested, so that the solution can pass through, and the water-absorbing material will not flow out from the liquid permeable hole when it is granular. Furthermore, a filter paper is also laid between the sample 10 to be tested and the table surface of the support table 1, which is conducive to the cleaning operation after the test.

[0059] The fixing frame is located outside the outer peripheral block 2. Preferably, the fixing frame of this embodiment includes a square column 4 and a clamping plate 5. The column 4 is vertically installed on the table surface of the support table 1, and the clamping plate 5 is set in the middle. One end of the clamping plate 5 is detachably connected to the column 4 through a locking screw. When the height needs to be adjusted, the locking screw is loosened, the clamping plate 5 is moved up and down, and then the locking screw is tightened. The other end of the clamping plate 5 is also fixed to the test assembly through a locking screw.

[0060] The test assembly in this embodiment is provided with a pressure gauge 7, a mass block 8, a test container 9 and a solid object. The test assembly is divided into three groups for different scene tests, wherein the three groups of test assemblies are: the first group is a single pressure gauge 7; the second group is a pressure gauge 7 and a mass block 8; the third group is a test container 9 and a solid object.

[0061] Specifically, the first group is assembled as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pressure gauge 7 is connected to the clamping plate 5 of the fixing frame, and the bottom probe is in contact with the upper surface of the pressing block 6.

[0062] The second set of assembly Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pressure gauge 7 is connected to the clamping plate 5 of the fixing frame, the bottom probe is in contact with the upper surface of the mass block 8, and the mass block 8 is placed on the upper surface of the pressing block 6.

[0063] The third set of assembly Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the container body 903 of the test container 9 is an inverted open container and is made of a transparent material, such as a beaker. A fixed connecting column 901 is provided on the top of the test container 9, and the connecting column 901 is connected to the clamping plate 5 of the fixed frame. The interior of the test container 9 is filled with solids 902, which are in the form of particles or lumps. In this embodiment, sand particles are selected. Further, the peripheral side surface of the upper part of the pressing block 6 is in contact with the inner wall of the open part of the test container 9, and a filter paper 11 is also laid between the solids 902 and the top surface of the pressing block 6 for subsequent cleaning.

[0064] Preferably, considering the pressure of the pressing block 6 on the test sample 10 and in order to eliminate its influence, the material of the pressing block 6 is selected to be a plastic material such as polyethylene, and the overall density is less than the density of the test solution 12. Furthermore, a cavity can be designed inside the pressing block 6 according to the approximate liquid entry depth of the pressing block 6, so as to reduce the overall average density, so that the buoyancy of the pressing block 6 when it is in the working position (the height after the test sample 10 is added) is roughly the same as the gravity.

[0065] Preferably, the test solution 12 can be selected from pure water, mineral water or salt water according to the simulation scenario.

[0066] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a method for testing the swelling property of a water-absorbing material based on the above embodiment, and its main steps include:

[0067] S1. Due to the simple structure and low cost of the device, multiple sets of devices and corresponding samples 10 to be tested can be prepared at the same time; before placing the samples 10 to be tested, lay the cut filter paper on the bottom surface of the inner enclosure 3, and then place the samples 10 to be tested one by one into the inner enclosure 3 of the corresponding device, and flatten the samples 10 to be tested, and then lay the filter paper 11 on the surface; place the pressing block 6 above the sample 10 to be tested so that it presses on the filter paper 11.

[0068] S2. Adjust the test assembly so that the measuring end is in direct or indirect contact with the pressing block, and then pour the test solution into the inner enclosure or the outer enclosure, so that the test solution is in contact with the sample to be tested through the liquid permeable hole;

[0069] Preferably, the present embodiment further includes the following specific steps according to different simulation situations:

[0070] S21. Observation of the expansion of water-absorbing materials in a fixed space;

[0071] The test assembly uses the first set of configurations, and the pressure gauge 7 is installed on the fixed frame, so that the probe contacts the upper surface of the pressing block 6, and a certain pre-pressure is applied, and then the pressure gauge 7 is zeroed; then the test solution 12 is poured into the two layers of enclosures until the liquid level is higher than the upper end surface of the inner enclosure 3, and then the sample 10 to be tested (water-absorbing material) absorbs the solution and expands; since the allowable displacement of the probe of the pressure gauge 7 is small, and there is an initial pre-pressure, within the measuring range, as the pressing block 6 moves upward, the pressure of the probe on it quickly reaches the equilibrium point (the pressure of the probe on the pressing block is balanced with the upward thrust generated by the expansion of the water-absorbing material). To a certain extent, it can be considered that the expansion space of the test sample 10 is constrained, which is similar to a fixed space, so that the expansion performance of the material can be intuitively understood by observing the needle of the gauge;

[0072] The above steps are to simulate the scenario where a water-absorbing material generates an external expansion force after absorbing water in a closed and rigid space environment;

[0073] S22. Observation of the expansion of water-absorbing materials under fixed load;

[0074] The test assembly uses the second set of configurations, the pressure gauge 7 is installed on the fixed frame, the mass block 8 is placed on the upper surface of the pressure block 6, and the probe is slightly in contact with the upper surface of the mass block 8; then the test solution 12 is poured into the two layers of enclosures until the liquid level is higher than the upper end surface of the inner enclosure 3, and then the sample 10 (water-absorbing material) to be tested absorbs the solution and expands; since the mass block 8 selected in this embodiment is a large-weight mass block, the expansion amount of the sample 10 to be tested is significantly reduced, and the probe of the pressure gauge 7 is in the form of a micro-connection, although there will be a certain amount of displacement, the corresponding pressure during the initial displacement period is small, so to a certain extent, it can be considered that a certain load constraint is applied to the test sample 10, which is similar to a fixed load, so that the expansion performance of the material can be intuitively understood by observing the needle of the gauge;

[0075] The above steps are to simulate the scenario where a water-absorbing material generates an external expansion force after absorbing water in a closed space environment with a fixed load and a single expansion direction;

[0076] S23, Observation of the expansion of water-absorbing materials under variable load and in space;

[0077] The test component uses the third group configuration, a certain amount of solid 903 (sand is selected in this embodiment) is placed in the test container 9, and filter paper is laid, then it is turned over, the position of the filter paper is temporarily fixed by hand or other equipment, the connecting column 901 is connected to the clamping plate 5, and then the vertical position is adjusted so that the filter paper slightly touches the upper surface of the pressure block 6, and then the position of the test container 9 is locked and fixed, and the filter paper fixing measures are withdrawn; the test solution 12 is poured into the two layers of enclosures until the liquid level is higher than the upper end surface of the inner enclosure 3, and then the sample 10 to be tested (water-absorbing material) absorbs the solution and expands; since the solid 903 selected in this embodiment will be compressed with displacement (internal gas compression and sand particle gap compression) to produce pressure changes, it can be considered to be a variable load applied to the test sample 10 to a certain extent, and the space is not fixed. The change of sand can be observed through the transparent test container 9 to intuitively understand the expansion performance of the material;

[0078] The above steps are to simulate the scenario where a water-absorbing material generates an external expansion force after absorbing water in a closed space environment with a variable load and a single expansion direction.

[0079] S3. Observe the changes of the test components over time and record them as sample expansion changes. In real engineering, different environments can equivalently select at least one or more of the three groups in the previous step for testing, so that personnel can intuitively select water-absorbing materials suitable for engineering environment applications.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control, characterized in that: It includes a support platform, a fixing frame, and a pressing block; the support platform is also provided with an outer block and an inner block, the outer block is located outside the inner block; the pressing block is located in the inner block, and the fixing frame is located outside the outer block; The height of the inner enclosure is smaller than that of the outer enclosure, and during operation, a test solution is stored in the outer enclosure and / or the inner enclosure; The surface of the pressing block is provided with a liquid permeable hole, and the liquid permeable hole is connected to the lower part of the pressing block; the inner enclosure is a circular ring structure; the lower part of the pressing block is a cylindrical or truncated cone structure, and the bottom surface is provided with the liquid permeable hole; the pressing block is a piston structure with an I-shaped cross section; the diameter of the lower part of the pressing block is equal to the inner diameter of the inner enclosure; When no sample to be tested is placed, the lower edge of the upper part of the pressing block is higher than or equal to the upper end surface of the inner enclosure; The density of the compact is less than the density of the test solution; The test solution is one of purified water, mineral water or salt water; Filter paper is laid between the sample to be tested and the pressing block; filter paper is laid between the sample to be tested and the table surface of the supporting table; Also included is a test assembly, the test assembly being detachably connected to the fixing frame; The test component is one or more combinations of a pressure gauge, a mass block, a test container, and a solid object; The sample to be tested is placed in the inner enclosure and is located between the pressing block and the table surface of the supporting table.

2. The device for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing frame is an adjustable structure, provided with a column and a clamping plate; The upright column is vertically mounted on the table top of the support table; One end of the clamp is connected to the column through a fastener, and the other end is connected to the test component through a fastener.

3. The device for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test assembly is provided with the pressure gauge; The pressure gauge is connected to the fixing frame, and the bottom probe is in contact with the upper surface of the pressing block.

4. The device for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test assembly is provided with the pressure gauge and the mass block; The pressure gauge is connected to the fixing frame, and the bottom probe is in contact with the upper surface of the mass block; The mass block is placed on the upper surface of the pressing block.

5. The device for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test assembly is provided with the test container and the solid object; The test container is an inverted open container made of a transparent material; the interior of the test container is filled with the solid material, which is in the form of particles or lumps; The top of the test container is connected to the fixing frame via an adapter; The peripheral side surface of the pressing block is in contact with the inner wall of the open portion of the testing container, and filter paper is laid between the solid matter and the top surface of the pressing block.

6. A method for testing the swelling property of water-absorbing materials in groundwater pollution prevention and control using the device described in any one of the above claims, characterized in that the steps include: S1. Prepare at least one set of samples to be tested and a device, place the samples to be tested into the inner enclosure of the device, and place a pressing block above the samples to be tested; S2, adjusting the test assembly so that the measuring end is in direct or indirect contact with the pressing block, and then pouring the test solution into the inner enclosure or the outer enclosure, and the test solution is in contact with the sample to be tested through the liquid permeable hole; S3. Observe the changes of the test assembly over time and record them as sample expansion changes.

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