A method for accelerating soybean breeding

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for accelerating soybean breeding, the method comprising the following steps: irradiating the transplanted soybeans with red-blue mixed light, wherein the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 1‑3:7‑9 before the soybean pod-setting period; and the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 7‑9:1‑3 after the soybean pod-setting period. The method for accelerating soybean breeding of the present invention uses red-blue mixed light of different proportions for irradiation at different growth stages of soybeans, shortens the soybean maturity period to less than 50 days, can achieve 7 generations of breeding in one year, and at the same time increases the yield, meets the needs of rapid breeding, adopts a light control method, is not restricted by the geographical environment, is simple to operate, has low cost, and has good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soybean breeding, and in particular relates to a method for accelerating soybean breeding. Background Art

[0002] As an important oil crop and protein source in the world, soybean breeding technology has made significant progress in the past few decades. Traditional soybean breeding methods mainly rely on selection and hybridization to improve yield and stress resistance by screening excellent varieties. However, these methods usually require a long time period, resulting in a slow breeding process.

[0003] A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN116965331A discloses a soybean generation breeding method based entirely or partially on the Hainan environment. Under the "winter-spring-summer-autumn-winter-spring" mode, the breeding generations can reach up to 7 generations, with an average of 4-5 generations per year. However, this breeding method needs to be carried out in the unique advantageous environment of Sanya, Hainan, and is unable to be widely promoted due to geographical restrictions.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN109997644A discloses a four-generation breeding technology for northern spring soybeans in the high-cold areas of Northeast China, including two-season indoor and two-season greenhouse breeding processes. Although the four-season breeding process not only reduces the breeding cost, but also allows rapid breeding and greatly improves the breeding efficiency, the patent requires soybean seeds to be firstly used 60 Co r Radiation source irradiation treatment is costly and can only achieve four generations of breeding a year, which cannot meet the needs of accelerated breeding. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a method for accelerating soybean breeding, so as to reduce the difficulty of soybean breeding, shorten the breeding cycle and increase the yield.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A method for accelerating soybean breeding, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] The transplanted soybeans (seedlings) are irradiated with red and blue mixed light. Before the soybean podding stage, the ratio of red light (600-700nm) to blue light (400-500nm) in the red and blue mixed light is 1-3:7-9; after the soybean podding stage, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red and blue mixed light is 7-9:1-3.

[0009] Furthermore, before the soybean podding stage, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 1:9, and after the soybean podding stage, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 9:1; preferably, before the soybean podding stage, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 10%:90%, and after the soybean podding stage, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 90%:10%, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the photon flux density of the red and blue mixed light is 200-400 μmol / m 2 / s, for example 200 μmol / m 2 / s, 250μmol / m 2 / s、300μmol / m 2 / s、350μmol / m 2 / s、400μmol / m 2 / s.

[0011] Furthermore, the photon flux density of the red and blue mixed light is 400 μmol / m 2 / s.

[0012] Furthermore, the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] The transplanted soybeans were irradiated with red and blue mixed light, and the photon flux density of the red and blue mixed light was 400 μmol / m 2 / s, before the soybean podding period, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 1:9; after the soybean podding period, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 9:1.

[0014] Furthermore, during the soybean growth cycle, the day and night temperature of the soybean environment is maintained at (27-30°C) / (22-25°C), the relative humidity of the air is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 450-600ppm.

[0015] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) Germination: Clean the soybean seeds and control the temperature and humidity;

[0017] (2) Seedling cultivation: sowing the germinated soybean seeds;

[0018] (3) Transplanting and planting: Transplant and cultivate the soybean seedlings after seedling raising.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (1), the temperature during germination is 25-35° C., the humidity is 55-65%, and the germination time is 10-15 hours.

[0020] Preferably, the germination operation method in step (1) is as follows: after washing the soybean seeds with purified water, place them in a culture dish covered with double-layer filter paper, keep the filter paper moist, and then place the culture dish with a gap in an incubator set at a temperature of 28° C. and a humidity of 60% for germination for 12 hours.

[0021] Furthermore, during the seedling raising in step (2), the photon flux density is 200-400 μmol / m 2 / s, light time is 15-18h / d, temperature is 25-30℃, relative air humidity is 60-70%, and seedling raising time is 6-7 days.

[0022] Preferably, the operation method of raising seedlings in step (2) is as follows: sowing seeds in a seedling tray filled with vermiculite at a photon flux density of 400 μmol / m 2 / s, photoperiod of 16 hours / day, temperature of 26℃, humidity of 60-70%, and cultivation for 6-7 days until two true leaves are fully expanded. During this period, pure water is regularly added to keep the vermiculite substrate moist.

[0023] Furthermore, the planting density of the transplanting in step (3) is 35-40 plants / m 2 .

[0024] Preferably, the operation method of transplanting and planting in step (3) is as follows: transplant the seedlings into a cultivation container mixed with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite, with a planting density of 38 plants / m², and apply 50% concentration of Hoagland nutrient solution for the first time two weeks after planting.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the soybean accelerated breeding method of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) The method for accelerating soybean breeding of the present invention uses red and blue mixed light of different proportions at different growth stages of soybeans to shorten the soybean maturity period to less than 50 days, and can achieve 7 generations of breeding per year, while increasing the yield and meeting the needs of rapid breeding.

[0027] (2) The soybean accelerated breeding method of the present invention adopts a light control method, is not restricted by geographical environment, is simple to operate, low in cost, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the relative photon flux density spectrum distribution of the solar composite spectrum LED according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of soybean growth conditions under different photosynthetic photon flux densities according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fully mature state of soybeans under different photosynthetic photon flux densities according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of relative photon flux density spectral distribution of red and blue mixed light in different proportions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of soybean growth conditions under red and blue mixed light with different ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fully mature state of soybeans under red and blue mixed light of different proportions according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for accelerating soybean breeding, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Germination: Select soybean seeds (Heihe 43) with full grains, intact health and no insect pests, wash them with purified water, place them in a culture dish covered with double-layer filter paper, keep the filter paper moist, and then place the culture dish with a gap in an incubator set at a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 60% for germination for 12 hours;

[0039] (2) Seedling cultivation: After successful germination, the seeds were sown in a seedling tray filled with vermiculite at a photon flux density of 400 μmol / m 2 / s, photoperiod of 16 hours / day, temperature of 26℃, humidity of 60-70%, and cultivation for 6-7 days until two true leaves are fully expanded. During this period, pure water is regularly added to keep the vermiculite substrate moist;

[0040] (3) Transplanting and planting: Transplant the soybean seedlings into a cultivation container mixed with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite, with a planting density of 38 plants / m², and apply 50% Hoagland nutrient solution for the first time two weeks after planting.

[0041] During the entire growth cycle, the day and night temperature of soybeans is (27-30℃) / (22-25℃), the relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is maintained at 450-600ppm. According to the needs of the soybean growth stage, especially during the flowering, pod-setting and grain-filling stages, the irrigation amount is increased in time to prevent the flowers and pods from falling. After entering the pod-setting stage, Hogland nutrient solution is applied again, and water control measures are taken during the maturity stage to promote the rapid maturity of soybeans.

[0042] Experimental example of the effect of light intensity on soybean breeding time

[0043] Soybean seedlings after transplanting were irradiated with different light intensities. The photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of light intensity experiments 1-4 was 200, 400, 600, and 800 μmol / m 2 / s. The light source used is a solar-like composite spectrum LED, and the schematic diagram of its relative photon flux density spectrum distribution is shown in Figure 1 As shown, it covers the wavelength range of 400-780nm, including blue light (400-500nm, accounting for 21%), green light (500-600nm, accounting for 37%), red light (600-700nm, including 660nm peak, accounting for 37%) and far-red light (700-780nm, accounting for 5%).

[0044] The growth of soybeans treated with light intensity experiments 1-4 is as follows Figure 2 The breeding results are shown in Figure 3 As shown in Table 1: The light intensity is 200 and 400 μmol / m 2 The flowering time and ripening time in the 600 and 800 light intensity treatments were significantly shorter than those in the 400 μmol / m 2 / s treatment, soybeans can achieve full maturity 64 days after planting, and the number of grains per plant is close to that of the light intensity of 600 μmol / m 2 / s and 800 μmol / m 2 / s treatment. Therefore, 400μmol / m 2 / s light intensity is the optimal light intensity for soybean further breeding.

[0045] Table 1. Effects of different light intensity treatments on soybean breeding time and number of grains per plant

[0046]

[0047] Note: From the time of transplanting and planting, the time when the first flower on the main stem opens is defined as flowering time, and the time when the first fully mature pod on the main stem is defined as maturity time. The average number of grains per plant is the average of 6 plants.

[0048] Experimental example of the effect of different proportions of red and blue mixed light on soybean breeding time

[0049] The photosynthetic photon flux density of the red and blue mixed light used in this experiment is 400 μmol / m 2 / s.

[0050] Different proportions of red and blue mixed light were used to irradiate the transplanted soybean seedlings. The ratios of red light and blue light in the red and blue mixed light used in mixed light experiments 1-4 were 10%:90%, 30%:70%, 70%:30%, and 90%:10%, respectively. The relative photon flux density distribution of each red and blue mixed light is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, the growth of soybeans treated with mixed light experiments 1-4 is as follows Figure 5 The breeding results are shown in Figure 6 As shown in Table 2: The flowering time of soybean in mixed light experiment example 1 is the shortest, and the soybean can achieve full maturity 57 days after planting. The flowering time of soybean in mixed light experiment example 1 is the longest, but the maturity time is the shortest, and the average number of grains per plant is also significantly higher than that of mixed light experiment example 1-2. Based on the results of this experiment, RB-1:9 is the preferred spectral combination for accelerating soybean flowering; RB-9:1 is the preferred spectral combination for accelerating soybean maturity.

[0051] Table 2. Effects of different ratios of red and blue mixed light treatments on soybean breeding time and number of grains per plant

[0052]

[0053] Note: From the time of transplanting and planting, the time when the first flower on the main stem opens is defined as flowering time, the time when the first fully mature pod on the main stem is defined as maturity time, and the average number of grains per plant is the average of 6 plants.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The method for accelerating soybean breeding in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0056] (1) Germination: Select soybean seeds (Heihe 43) with full grains, intact health and no insect pests, wash them with purified water, place them in a culture dish covered with double-layer filter paper, keep the filter paper moist, and then place the culture dish with a gap in an incubator set at a temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 60% for germination for 12 hours;

[0057] (2) Seedling cultivation: After successful germination, the seeds were sown in a seedling tray filled with vermiculite at a photon flux density of 400 μmol / m 2 / s, photoperiod of 16 hours / day, temperature of 26℃, humidity of 60-70%, and cultivation for 6-7 days until two true leaves are fully expanded. During this period, pure water is regularly added to keep the vermiculite substrate moist;

[0058] (3) Transplanting and planting: Transplant the soybean seedlings into a cultivation container mixed with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite, with a planting density of 38 plants / m², and apply 50% Hoagland nutrient solution for the first time two weeks after planting.

[0059] (4) The transplanted soybeans were irradiated with red-blue mixed light, and the photon flux density of the red-blue mixed light was 400 μmol / m 2 / s, wherein, before the podding stage of soybean plants, red-blue mixed light consisting of 10% red light and 90% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to red-blue mixed light consisting of 90% red light and 10% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0060] During the entire growth cycle, the day and night temperature of soybeans is (27-30℃) / (22-25℃), the relative humidity of the air is maintained at 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is maintained at 450-600ppm. According to the needs of the soybean growth stage, especially during the flowering, pod-setting and grain-filling stages, the irrigation amount is increased in time to prevent the flowers and pods from falling. After entering the pod-setting stage, Hogland nutrient solution is applied again, and water control measures are taken during the maturity stage to promote the rapid maturity of soybeans.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that before the podding stage of the soybean plants, a red-blue mixed light consisting of 10% red light and 90% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to a red-blue mixed light consisting of 70% red light and 30% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that before the podding stage of the soybean plants, a red-blue mixed light consisting of 30% red light and 70% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to a red-blue mixed light consisting of 70% red light and 30% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that before the podding stage of the soybean plants, a red-blue mixed light consisting of 30% red light and 70% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to a red-blue mixed light consisting of 90% red light and 10% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0067] Comparative Example 4

[0068] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that before the podding stage of the soybean plants, a red-blue mixed light consisting of 5% red light and 95% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to a red-blue mixed light consisting of 90% red light and 10% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0069] Comparative Example 5

[0070] The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that before the podding stage of the soybean plants, a red-blue mixed light consisting of 10% red light and 90% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to a red-blue mixed light consisting of 95% red light and 5% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0071] Comparative Example 6

[0072] The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 1 is that before the podding stage of the soybean plants, a red-blue mixed light consisting of 5% red light and 95% blue light is used for irradiation treatment, and after the podding stage, the plants are transferred to a red-blue mixed light consisting of 95% red light and 5% blue light for irradiation treatment.

[0073] The experimental results show that the accelerated breeding effect of Example 1 is better than that of Comparative Examples 1-6. The breeding results of soybeans treated in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2-3 are shown in Table 3: Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 can achieve maturity 49-52 days after planting, and the maturity time of Comparative Examples 1 and Comparative Example 2 is also shorter than that of non-transfer treatment. The method for accelerating soybean breeding in Example 1 uses red and blue mixed light irradiation in different proportions at different growth stages of soybeans, which can accelerate the maturity rate of soybeans and shorten the soybean maturity cycle to less than 50 days. It can achieve 7 generations of breeding in one year, while increasing the yield and meeting the needs of rapid breeding. At the same time, Example 1 adopts a light control method, which is not restricted by the geographical environment, is simple to operate, low in cost, and has good application prospects.

[0074] Table 3. Effects of different ratios of red and blue light combined transfer treatment on soybean breeding time and number of grains per plant

[0075]

[0076] Note: From the time of transplanting and planting, the time when the first flower on the main stem opens is defined as flowering time, the time when the first fully mature pod on the main stem is defined as maturity time, and the average number of grains per plant is the average of 6 plants.

[0077] The embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for accelerating soybean breeding, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The transplanted soybeans were irradiated with red and blue mixed light, and the photon flux density of the red and blue mixed light was 400 μmol / m 2 / s, before the soybean podding period, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 10%:90%; after the soybean podding period, the ratio of red light to blue light in the red-blue mixed light is 90%:10%.

2. The method for accelerating soybean breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The day and night temperature is (27-30℃) / (22-25℃), the relative humidity of the air is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 450-600ppm.

3. The method for accelerating soybean breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: (1) Germination: Clean the soybean seeds and control the temperature and humidity; (2) Seedling cultivation: sowing the germinated soybean seeds; (3) Transplanting and planting: Transplant and cultivate the soybean seedlings after seedling raising.

4. The method for accelerating soybean breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the germination of step (1), the temperature is 25-35° C., the humidity is 55-65%, and the germination time is 10-15 hours.

5. The method for accelerating soybean breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step (2) The photon flux density during seedling cultivation is 200-400 μmol / m 2 / s, light time is 15-18h / d, temperature is 25-30℃, relative air humidity is 60-70%, and seedling raising time is 6-7 days.

6. The method for accelerating soybean breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step (3) The planting density of transplanting is 35-40 plants / m 2 .

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