Self-controllable one-way friction damper

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of self-controlled one-way friction damper, including frame, the distance between upper wall and lower wall in the frame is from small to big, elastic system and friction system are arranged in the frame, the elastic system passes through friction system, and two ends are respectively contacted with the upper wall and the lower wall of frame, and the friction system is partially located outside the frame;With the increase of building displacement, the elastic potential energy of elastic system itself increases, the force between elastic system and frame increases, the energy consumption of friction increases, and the energy consumption of damper will increase with the increase of building displacement, in the process of building reset, the elastic potential energy of elastic system gradually decreases, the force between elastic system and frame gradually decreases, and the energy consumption of damper gradually decreases, without affecting the complete reset of building, without making building produce residual deformation or fatigue, can prolong the service life of building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building vibration reduction technology, and in particular to a self-controllable unidirectional friction damper. Background Technology

[0002] Throughout their lifespan, building structures are constantly subjected to vibrations from external influences, including the surrounding environment (such as the demolition of old buildings, disturbances from large construction equipment, and vibrations from high-speed rail operation) and the effects of earthquakes. Earthquakes, in particular, can severely impact the normal use of buildings and pose a significant threat to human life. Furthermore, post-earthquake building repair and reconstruction are complex issues. Therefore, vibration damping measures are crucial. With the development of current building vibration damping technology, friction dampers have emerged, characterized by replaceability and self-resetting, and featuring friction energy dissipation and partial component yielding. These dampers, to a certain extent, reduce the impact of external vibrations on buildings.

[0003] However, traditional friction dampers generally have high stiffness and cannot function well under small displacements, making buildings prone to fatigue failure under small displacement environments such as small earthquakes and external vibrations. This problem is particularly prominent for steel structure buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a self-controllable unidirectional friction damper. As the building displacement increases, the friction energy consumption increases progressively. Instead of designing graded friction systems for different building displacements, the energy consumption of the damper is continuously and automatically controlled according to the changes in building displacement, thereby achieving effective vibration reduction and extending the building's lifespan.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention proposes a self-controllable unidirectional friction damper, characterized in that it includes a frame, wherein the distance between the upper and lower walls of the frame increases from small to large, an elastic system and a friction system are provided inside the frame, the elastic system passes through the friction system and its two ends contact the upper and lower walls of the frame respectively, and the friction system is located outside the frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the interior of the frame is trapezoidal, with both the upper and lower walls of the frame being waist-shaped.

[0008] Furthermore, grooves are provided on both waist surfaces within the frame, and the two ends of the elastic system are respectively embedded in the grooves.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic system includes a guide rod, a disc spring, and a wedge. The guide rod passes through the friction system and its two ends are respectively embedded in the sliding groove. Disc springs are provided between the upper wall of the frame and the friction system, and between the lower wall of the frame and the friction system. The disc springs are sleeved on the guide rod. A wedge is provided at the end of the disc spring away from the friction system. The wedge is sleeved on the guide rod, and the width of the wedge is greater than the width of the sliding groove opening.

[0010] Furthermore, when the disc spring is at its original length, the upper and lower surfaces of the wedge block are in contact with the disc spring and the groove opening, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance between the bottoms of the two grooves is equal to the length of the guide rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the friction system includes a first friction plate and a second friction plate. One end of the first friction plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame, and the other end is in contact with the second friction plate. The first friction plate is provided with friction holes. The end of the second friction plate away from the first friction plate is located outside the frame. The guide rod passes through the friction holes on the first friction plate and the second friction plate.

[0013] Furthermore, two first friction plates are arranged vertically, and one end of the second friction plate near the first friction plate is sandwiched between the two first friction plates. One end of the disc spring contacts the wedge block, and the other end contacts the first friction plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the first friction plate is provided with matching snap-fit ​​blocks on both sides of the end away from the second friction plate, and the snap-fit ​​blocks are fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the exposed end of the second friction plate is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) The damper provided by the present invention can cope with vibrations of large and small in a more comprehensive and flexible manner. The combination of friction plate and disc spring no longer distinguishes between large and small displacements in the traditional way. There is no need to design multiple energy-consuming systems to cope with the large and small displacements of the building. The damper of the present invention can continuously and automatically control the level of friction energy consumption according to the displacement size, thereby extending the building life. Only one friction system can better cope with large and small displacements. When the building undergoes small displacement, the friction energy consumption is low, which can meet the vibration reduction requirements and allow the building to return to its original position without causing fatigue damage to the building, thus extending the building life.

[0018] (2) The damper provided by the present invention has a simple structure, without complex parts and holes. All internal parts can maintain the integrity of the damper without bolt connection. At the same time, it can achieve the design goal of flexibly responding to large and small displacements by controlling the magnitude of friction with as little material as possible. Compared with the traditional graded friction damper, the working principle of this damper is clear and explicit, and it is more convenient and advantageous to calculate and derive the energy dissipation capacity of the damper.

[0019] (3) The damper provided by the present invention can better play the combined role between the disc spring and the friction plate. Multiple elastic systems can be set up without occupying much space. Through the synergistic effect of multiple disc springs with different combinations (pairing, stacking), the damper can meet the displacement requirements and energy consumption requirements. Moreover, the disc spring makes the damper have a self-resetting effect. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the damper of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the elastic system and the friction system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the friction system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge block of the present invention;

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 101. Slide groove; 2. Elastic system; 201. Guide rod; 202. Disc spring; 203. Wedge block; 3. Friction system; 301. First friction plate; 302. Second friction plate; 303. Friction hole; 4. Snap-fit ​​block; 5. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] refer to Figure 1This example proposes a self-controllable unidirectional friction damper, characterized in that it includes a frame 1, the distance between the upper and lower walls of the frame 1 increases from small to large, an elastic system 2 and a friction system 3 are provided inside the frame 1, the elastic system 2 runs through the friction system 3 vertically, and its two ends are in contact with the upper and lower walls of the frame 1 respectively, the friction system 3 is partially located outside the frame 1, and the distance between the upper and lower walls of the frame 1 is relatively large at the end of the frame 1 closest to the exposed part of the friction system 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, the exposed portion of the friction system 3 is connected to one side of the building, and the side wall of the frame 1 away from the exposed portion of the friction system 3 is connected to the other side of the building. When the building is displaced, since the elastic system 2 runs through the friction system 3 from top to bottom, the friction system 3 will cause the elastic system 2 and the frame 1 to move relative to each other. The elastic system 2 moves between the upper and lower walls inside the frame 1. In addition to the energy consumption of the friction system 3 itself and the frictional energy consumption between the friction system 3 and the elastic system 2, as the building displacement increases, the force between the elastic system 2 and the frame 1 increases, the frictional energy consumption between the elastic system 2 and the frame 1 increases, and the elastic potential energy of the elastic system 2 itself increases. The overall energy consumption of the damper will increase with the increase of the building displacement. During the building reset process, the elastic potential energy of the elastic system 2 gradually decreases, the force between the elastic system 2 and the frame 1 gradually decreases, and the energy consumption of the damper gradually decreases. This does not affect the complete reset of the building, will not cause residual deformation or fatigue in the building, and can extend the building's lifespan.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6In the above embodiments, the frame 1 is preferably U-shaped, with an internal trapezoidal shape. The upper and lower walls of the frame 1 are waists, the side walls are upper bases, and the open end is the lower base. This allows the distance between the upper and lower walls inside the frame 1 to gradually increase. Slide grooves 101 are provided on both waist surfaces inside the frame 1. The elastic system 2 includes a guide rod 201, a disc spring 202, and a wedge 203. The guide rod 201 passes through the friction system 3 vertically, and both ends of the guide rod 201 are embedded in the slide grooves 101. The bottoms of the two slide grooves 101 are preferably parallel, and the distance between the bottoms of the two slide grooves 101 is preferably equal to the length of the guide rod 201. The degrees are equal. Disc springs 202 are provided between the upper wall of the frame 1 and the friction system 3, and between the lower wall of the frame 1 and the friction system 3. The disc springs 202 are sleeved on the guide rod 201. A wedge block 203 is connected to the end of the disc spring 202 away from the friction system 3. The wedge block 203 is sleeved on the guide rod and can slide up and down on the guide rod 201. The width of the wedge block 203 is greater than the width of the groove 101. Preferably, the surface of the wedge block 203 that connects to the disc spring 202 is a horizontal plane. The surface of the wedge block 203 that contacts the groove 101 is in contact with the groove end of the groove 101. After the damper is reset, the disc spring 202 is at its original length.

[0031] In this embodiment, driven by the friction system 3, the guide rod 201 slides in the groove 101. When the guide rod 201 slides towards the side wall of the frame 1, the width of the wedge block 203 is wider than the opening of the groove 101, the disc spring 202 is compressed, the elastic potential energy of the disc spring 202 increases, the force between the wedge block 203 and the frame 1 increases, and the frictional energy consumption increases. When the guide rod 201 moves away from the side wall of the frame 1, the disc spring 202 gradually returns to its original length, the force between the wedge block 203 and the frame 1 decreases, the frictional energy consumption decreases, and the disc spring 202 returns to its original length. The process of restoring the original length helps the damper and the building to reset. The surface where the wedge 203 connects to the disc spring 202 is a horizontal plane, which can make the force on the disc spring 202 in the axial direction more uniform, thereby increasing the stability of the damper. Multiple guide rods 201 can be set, and multiple sets of disc springs 202 with different combinations can work together to improve the damping effect of the damper. When the damper resets, the disc spring 202 is at its original length, and both ends are in contact with the wedge 203 and the friction system 3 respectively, which can ensure that the building responds in a timely manner when displacement occurs.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5In the above embodiments, the friction system 3 includes a first friction plate 301 and a second friction plate 302. One end of the first friction plate 301 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame 1, and the other end is in vertical contact with one end of the second friction plate 302. The other end of the second friction plate 302 is exposed outside the frame 1, and the exposed end of the second friction plate 302 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 5. A friction hole 303 is provided on the first friction plate 301, preferably an oblong hole. The guide rod 201 passes through the first friction plate 301 vertically. The friction hole 303 and the second friction plate 302 are respectively embedded in the slide groove 101 at both ends. The distance between the end of the second friction plate 302 closest to the first friction plate 301 and the side wall of the frame 1, the distance between the exposed end of the second friction plate 302 and the end of the first friction plate 301 away from the side wall of the frame 1, the distance between the guide rod 201 closest to the end of the friction hole 303 when the disc spring 202 is at its original length and the end of the friction hole 303, and the length of the friction hole 303 can be determined according to the displacement of the building that the damper can bear.

[0033] In this embodiment, the exposed end of the second friction plate 302 is hinged to the building via the connecting plate 5. During the displacement or repositioning of the building, the guide rod 201 slides along the slide groove 101, which can ensure the stability of the damper during operation. When the building is displaced, the second friction plate 302 drives the guide rod 201 to slide towards the side wall of the frame 1. During this process, frictional energy loss will occur between the first friction plate 301 and the second friction plate 302, between the guide rod 201 and the friction hole 303, between the wedge block 203 and the frame 1, and between the guide rod 201 and the slide groove 101. In this embodiment, multiple first friction plates 301 or multiple second friction plates 302 can be provided. For example, two first friction plates 301 are provided vertically, and one second friction plate 302 is provided. The end of the second friction plate 302 near the first friction plate 301 is sandwiched between the two first friction plates 301. The upper and lower surfaces of the second friction plate 302 can generate frictional energy loss with the upper and lower first friction plates 301 respectively.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 In the above embodiments, the first friction plate 301 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame 1 by the snap-fit ​​block 4. The first friction plate 301 is provided with matching snap-fit ​​blocks 4 on both sides of the end away from the second friction plate 302, and the snap-fit ​​blocks 4 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame 1.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A self-controllable unidirectional friction damper, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1), the distance between the upper and lower walls of the frame (1) increases from small to large, an elastic system (2) and a friction system (3) are provided inside the frame (1), the elastic system (2) passes through the friction system (3) and its two ends are in contact with the upper and lower walls of the frame (1) respectively, and part of the friction system (3) is located outside the frame (1); The interior of the frame (1) is trapezoidal, and both the upper and lower walls of the frame are waists; The frame (1) has two waist surfaces with grooves (101) provided, and the two ends of the elastic system (2) are respectively embedded in the grooves (101); The elastic system (2) includes a guide rod (201), a disc spring (202) and a wedge (203). The guide rod (201) passes through the friction system (3) and its two ends are respectively embedded in the slide groove (101). Disc springs (202) are provided between the upper wall of the frame (1) and the friction system (3) and between the lower wall of the frame (1) and the friction system (3). The disc springs (202) are sleeved on the guide rod (201). A wedge (203) is provided at the end of the disc spring (202) away from the friction system (3). The wedge (203) is sleeved on the guide rod (201). The width of the wedge (203) is greater than the width of the groove (101). The friction system (3) includes a first friction plate (301) and a second friction plate (302). One end of the first friction plate (301) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame (1), and the other end is in contact with the second friction plate (302) vertically. The first friction plate (301) is provided with friction holes (303). The end of the second friction plate (302) away from the first friction plate (301) is located outside the frame (1). The guide rod (201) passes through the friction holes (303) on the first friction plate (301) and the second friction plate (302). Two first friction plates (301) are arranged vertically. The second friction plate (302) is sandwiched between the two first friction plates (301) at one end near the first friction plate (301). One end of the disc spring (202) is in contact with the wedge (203), and the other end is in contact with the first friction plate (301).

2. The self-controllable unidirectional friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the disc spring (202) is at its original length, the upper and lower surfaces of the wedge block (203) are in contact with the disc spring (202) and the groove (101) respectively.

3. The self-controllable unidirectional friction damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The exposed end of the second friction plate (302) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (5).

4. The self-controllable unidirectional friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the bottoms of the two grooves (101) is equal to the length of the guide rod (201).

5. The self-controllable unidirectional friction damper according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first friction plate (301) is provided with matching snap-fit ​​blocks (4) on both sides of the end away from the second friction plate (302), and the snap-fit ​​blocks (4) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the frame (1).

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