Modular high efficiency dust and gas separator

Abstract

The application provides a modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator, which is built by combining one or more unit separators, the unit separator comprising a dust hopper chamber, a filtering chamber, a spraying chamber and an air guiding chamber, and a high-efficiency chamber is added according to requirements, two opposite side walls of the filtering chamber are each provided with a connecting port, when the number of the unit separators is not less than two, all the unit separators are connected side by side through the connecting ports and the filtering chambers are connected with each other, the connecting port on the outer side of the unit separator at the head end is directly connected with a waste gas outlet of a construction waste treatment equipment, and the connecting port on the outer side of the unit separator at the tail end is closed. The dust-gas separator with the modular design can flexibly determine the number of the unit separators, is convenient to transport and install, and can obtain the best dust-gas separation effect by using a smaller land area and low energy consumption.

Description

A modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction waste treatment, and in particular to a modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the construction waste treatment industry requires strict adherence to national and industry occupational health and air emission standards for dust generated during waste treatment. However, the current technology for dust control typically involves connecting dust treatment equipment to individual construction waste treatment equipment such as jaw crushers via a pipeline network—a so-called centralized dust collection method. This approach not only results in a large space requirement for the pipeline system within the workshop, hindering routine maintenance and repair of the main production equipment, but also incurs significant investment due to the large size of the dust treatment equipment, difficulties in transportation, and time-consuming and labor-intensive installation. Furthermore, since the exhaust emissions must be matched with corresponding chimneys, the construction investment is substantial. In addition, because dust emitted from various dust sources along the entire production line is collected separately by hoods and transported to the centralized dust treatment equipment via a pipeline network, any failure or malfunction of a component in the dust treatment equipment will force the dust collection system to shut down, leading to pervasive dust in the workshop and disrupting normal production. Therefore, there is a need for a high-efficiency dust-gas separator that is flexible in adapting to the dust treatment needs of different dust sources, is compact and modular, easy to transport, convenient to install on-site, and can be directly discharged on-site. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of large size, difficult transportation, and poor dust removal effect of current construction waste dust treatment equipment, and to propose a modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator includes N unit separators, where N ≥ 1 and is a natural number; each unit separator includes a dust hopper chamber, a filter chamber, a jet cleaning chamber, and an exhaust chamber; the dust hopper chamber is located at the bottom and is used to collect dust; the filter chamber is located above the dust hopper chamber and is used to separate and filter dust from the dust-laden gas; the jet cleaning chamber is used to generate jet gas and clean the filter components in the filter chamber; the exhaust chamber is used to generate airflow and guide the dust-laden gas along a predetermined path within the unit separator and discharge it.

[0006] Connection ports are provided on the left and right opposite side walls of the filter chamber. When N≥2, the N unit separators are connected side by side through the connection ports and the filter chambers are interconnected. The connection port on the outside of the unit separator at the first end is directly connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the construction waste treatment equipment, and the connection port on the outside of the unit separator at the tail end is closed.

[0007] Preferably, the unit separator further includes a high-efficiency chamber, which is installed on the exhaust side of the air intake chamber, and the filtration standard of the high-efficiency chamber is higher than that of the filtration chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the filter chamber contains X*Y filter cartridges, where X≥1 and Y≥1. The blowing chamber is equipped with air tanks, blowing valves, and blowing pipes. There are X air tanks, which are installed above the X rows of filter cartridges. Each air tank has Y blowing valves. The X*Y blowing valves correspond one-to-one with the X*Y filter cartridges. Each blowing valve is equipped with a blowing pipe. The gas sprayed from the blowing pipe is used to clean the filter cartridge corresponding to it.

[0009] Preferably, all the air chambers are connected in series.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed flow equalization frame is provided at one end of the filter cartridge near the blowing chamber. The fixed flow equalization frame includes a horizontal base plate, a flow guide ring, a flow equalization cone, and flow equalization plates. The horizontal base plate is fixedly installed on the top wall of the filter chamber. A through hole corresponding to the end of the filter cartridge is opened on the horizontal base plate. The flow guide ring is perpendicular to the horizontal base plate and installed at the through hole. The top of the flow guide ring is outwardly flared and has an overall structure that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The flow equalization cone is located at the center of the flow guide ring and has a cone structure that is wide at the bottom and pointed at the top. There are at least two flow equalization plates. The flow equalization plates are installed radially and evenly inside the flow guide ring with the flow equalization cone as the center.

[0011] Preferably, the apex of the flow equalization cone is located on the blowing axis of the blow pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the ash hopper chamber is equipped with an ash cart, the ash cart includes a base and an ash box, the base includes a chassis and wheels installed at the bottom of the chassis, the ash box is detachably placed on the chassis, the bottom of the ash box is provided with a support frame, the support frame is placed inside the chassis, and the forks of a forklift are inserted into the support frame to lift the ash box from the base and transport it separately.

[0013] Preferably, the ash hopper chamber is provided with ash discharge doors on both the front and rear sides, and the side wall where the ash discharge door is located is perpendicular to the side wall where the connection port is located.

[0014] Preferably, two baffles are provided on the top left and right sides of the ash hopper chamber. The two baffles are located on the sides of the ash cart and extend in the same direction as the ash cart's movement in and out. The top of the side plates on the left and right sides of the ash cart extends upward and is higher than the other side plates. When the ash cart enters the ash hopper chamber, the baffles are located inside the side plates on the left and right sides of the ash cart.

[0015] Preferably, each chamber is equipped with an independent access door.

[0016] Compared with the existing centralized dust treatment technology using pipeline networks, this invention improves the dust treatment equipment in construction waste treatment workshops by designing it as a modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator. It can be assembled from one or more unit separators. The unit separators are compact in size, flexible and convenient to transport and install, and can be directly connected to construction waste treatment equipment such as crushers without the need for pipeline networks. At the same time, according to the amount and concentration of dust in the actual workshop, an appropriate number of unit separators can be selected to build high-efficiency dust-gas separators of different scales. This can achieve the best dust treatment effect while saving energy and space. After dust removal, it meets the standard of direct discharge indoors, eliminating the need to occupy additional space to build chimneys.

[0017] Furthermore, this invention adopts a modular design, with multiple unit separators connected in parallel, but the filter chambers are interconnected and directly connected to the dust outlet of construction waste treatment equipment such as jaw crushers. Therefore, when dust and gas separation is carried out in the workshop, even if one or more unit separators malfunction, it will not affect the operation of other unit separators. Moreover, disassembly and replacement are quick and convenient, ensuring that dust treatment can be carried out continuously and smoothly in the workshop. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of a modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the unit separator;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the jetting chamber;

[0022] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the unit separator;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower separation structure of the gray car.

[0024] Among them, the unit separator is 100; the ash hopper chamber is 1, the filter chamber is 2, the jetting chamber is 3, the exhaust chamber is 4, the high-pressure duct is 5, the electrical control cabinet is 6; the ash cart is 10, the base is 11, the ash box is 12, the chassis is 111, the wheel is 112, the support frame is 112, the baffle is 13; the connection port is 21, the filter cartridge is 22, the fixed flow equalization frame is 23, the horizontal base plate is 231, the flow guide ring is 232, the flow equalization cone is 233, the flow equalization plate is 234; the air tank is 31, the jetting valve is 32, and the jetting pipe is 33. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To provide a further understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and functions of the present invention, detailed descriptions are provided below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] Referring to Figures 1-5, a modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator includes N unit separators 100, where N ≥ 1 and is a natural number. Each unit separator 100 includes a dust hopper chamber 1, a filter chamber 2, a jet cleaning chamber 3, and an exhaust chamber 4. The dust hopper chamber 1 is located at the bottom and is used to collect dust. The filter chamber 2 is located above the dust hopper chamber 1 and is used to separate and filter dust from the dust-laden gas. The jet cleaning chamber 3 is used to generate jet gas and clean the filter components in the filter chamber 2. The exhaust chamber 4 is used to generate airflow and guide the dust-laden gas along a set path within the unit separator 100 and discharge it.

[0028] Connection ports 21 are provided on the left and right opposite side walls of the filter chamber 2. When N≥2, the N unit separators 100 are connected side by side through the connection ports 21 and the filter chambers 2 are interconnected. The connection port 21 on the outside of the unit separator 100 at the first end is directly connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the construction waste treatment equipment, and the connection port 21 on the outside of the unit separator 100 at the tail end is closed.

[0029] The modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator of the present invention is used in the workshop as follows:

[0030] First, confirm the actual amount and concentration of dust in the workshop, as well as the emission standards to be met. Calculate the dust treatment efficiency required to achieve the expected dust removal effect. Compare this efficiency with the dust treatment efficiency of a single unit separator 100 to determine the required number of unit separators 100. This will allow you to achieve the best dust treatment effect with the lowest purchase cost and energy consumption.

[0031] If N=1, meaning only one unit separator 100 is needed to meet the dust treatment requirements of the workshop, then one of the two connection ports 21 of the unit separator 100 can be directly connected to the dust-laden exhaust gas outlet of construction waste treatment equipment such as jaw crushers, while the other can be sealed with materials such as steel plates. The dust-laden exhaust gas enters the unit separator 100 from the construction waste treatment equipment through the connection port 21. Guided by the airflow generated in the exhaust chamber 4, it passes sequentially through the filter chamber 2, the jet cleaning chamber 3, and the exhaust chamber 4, and is finally discharged to other equipment or directly into the atmosphere, completing the dust-gas separation process.

[0032] If N≥2, two or more unit separators 100 need to work together to meet the dust treatment needs of the workshop. N unit separators 100 are directly connected and assembled into a large-scale high-efficiency dust-gas separator through connection ports 21. A sealing and locking structure can be set on the connection ports 21 to directly seal and lock the connection ports 21 of two adjacent unit separators 100, so that all unit separators 100 work in parallel, but their filter chambers 2 are interconnected. The two unit separators 100 at the beginning and end each have an outer connection port 21 that is not connected to other unit separators 100. One connection port 21 is directly connected to the dust-containing exhaust gas outlet of construction waste treatment equipment such as jaw crushers, while the other connection port 21 can be sealed to prevent exhaust gas from being discharged from here. Dust-laden gas enters the first-end unit separator 100 from the construction waste treatment equipment through connection port 21. Specifically, it enters its filter chamber 2 for dust-gas separation. Since the filter chamber 2 of one unit separator 100 cannot handle all the waste gas, the excess dust-laden gas enters the filter chamber 2 of other unit separators 100 through connection port 21, where it is separated and filtered individually. This modular, high-efficiency dust-gas separator, constructed by combining multiple unit separators 100, can also have an electrical control cabinet 6 installed on its side wall for convenient monitoring and control of all unit separators 100.

[0033] This invention utilizes modular assembly of multiple unit separators 100 to quickly form a larger-scale, high-efficiency dust-gas separator. All the filter chambers 2 of the unit separators 100 are connected via connection ports 21, effectively expanding the filter chambers 2. Exhaust gas from construction waste treatment equipment such as jaw crushers can flow unimpeded into all filter chambers 2 through the connection ports 21. The exhaust gas in each filter chamber 2 is filtered individually by its respective unit separator 100. This multi-layered filtration achieves optimal dust treatment, and can even allow for direct on-site discharge. The modular parallel assembly structure ensures that if one or more unit separators 100 malfunction, the others can still function normally, and maintenance and replacement are quick and convenient. Customers can purchase a specified number of unit separators 100 to assemble the system according to their needs. The unit separators 100 can be transported centrally or separately. Compared to current centralized pipeline dust-gas separation equipment, this method requires less space and is quick and easy to install.

[0034] In one embodiment, the unit separator 100 further includes a high-efficiency chamber 5, which is installed on the exhaust side of the induced draft chamber 4. The filtration standard of the high-efficiency chamber 5 is higher than that of the filter chamber 2. The modular high-efficiency dust and gas separator of the present invention can be a vertical structure, in which the dust hopper chamber 1, filter chamber 2, jet cleaning chamber 3, induced draft chamber 4, and high-efficiency chamber 5 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The induced draft chamber 4 is equipped with a fan or other components for generating airflow. The airflow generated forms a flow path inside the unit separator 100, guiding the dust-laden gas from the connection port 21 into the filter chamber 2 for filtration, and then upward through the jet cleaning chamber 3, the induced draft chamber 4, and the high-efficiency chamber 5 in sequence. After secondary filtration in the high-efficiency chamber 5, the gas is discharged. The high-efficiency chamber 5 is designed to be detachable and installable. Customers can choose whether or not to install the high-efficiency chamber 5 on the unit separator 100 according to their own dust treatment needs. The filtration standard of the high-efficiency chamber 5 is higher than that of the filtration chamber 2, so that the dust-laden gas can reach a higher level of exhaust gas emission standard after being filtered by the high-efficiency chamber 5, and can even achieve the effect of direct discharge on site, directly discharged into the workshop.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the filter chamber 2 contains X*Y filter cartridges 22, where X≥1 and Y≥1. The blowing chamber 3 contains air manifolds 31, blowing valves 32, and blowing pipes 33. There are X air manifolds 31, each corresponding to one of the X rows of filter cartridges 22. Each air manifold 31 has Y blowing valves 32, and the X*Y blowing valves 32 correspond one-to-one with the X*Y filter cartridges 22. Each blowing valve 32 has a blowing pipe 33, and the gas ejected from the blowing pipe 33 is used to clean the corresponding filter cartridge 22. In a more preferred embodiment, the unit separator 100 contains four filter cartridges 22 arranged in a 2*2 pattern, serving as basic filtration and representing a widely used model in the current industry. The blowing chamber 3 can be set above the filter chamber 2. The compressed air source is provided by the air tank 31 and the blowing gas is controlled by the solenoid valve. The gas is blown vertically downward, so that the dust cleaned on the filter cartridge 22 below falls into the dust hopper chamber 1 under the action of gravity. Since the dust-laden gas flows horizontally in the filter chamber 2, the filter cartridges 22 are arranged vertically to obtain a better filtration effect.

[0036] In a further embodiment, all air tanks 31 are connected in series and can share the air source within all air tanks 31, which can achieve a better jet cleaning effect compared to independent air tanks 31.

[0037] In one embodiment, a fixed flow equalization frame 23 is provided at one end of the filter cartridge 22 near the blowing chamber 3. The fixed flow equalization frame 23 includes a horizontal base plate 231, a flow guide ring 232, a flow equalization cone 233, and flow equalization plates 234. The horizontal base plate 231 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the filter chamber 2. A through hole corresponding to the end of the filter cartridge 22 is opened on the horizontal base plate 231. The flow guide ring 232 is perpendicular to the horizontal base plate 231 and installed at the through hole. The top of the flow guide ring 232 is outwardly flared and has an overall structure that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The flow equalization cone 233 is located at the center of the flow guide ring 232 and has a cone structure that is wide at the bottom and pointed at the top. There are at least two flow equalization plates 234, which are radially and uniformly installed in the flow guide ring 232 with the flow equalization cone 233 as the center. Preferably, the apex of the flow equalization cone 233 is located on the blowing axis of the blowing pipe 33.

[0038] The fixed flow equalization frame 23 serves several purposes. First, it secures the filter cartridge 22 and mounts it perpendicular to the top wall of the filter chamber 2, ensuring that the axis of the filter cartridge 22 coincides with the blowing direction of the blow pipe 33. This guarantees that the gas ejected from the blow pipe 33 is aligned with the center of the corresponding filter cartridge 22. Second, the outward expansion of the top of the guide ring 232 helps to guide and correct the flow, collecting any gas that escapes during the blowing process and sending it into the filter cartridge 22, thus improving the utilization rate of the blowing airflow. Third, the blowing airflow is aligned with the flow equalization cone 233 and is evenly dispersed by the flow equalization cone 233. Under the action of the flow equalization plate 234, it is evenly guided and impacts the side wall of the filter cartridge 22, effectively improving the utilization rate of the blowing airflow and preventing the blowing airflow from ineffectively penetrating the filter cartridge 22. This results in a more uniform and better overall dust removal effect on the side wall of the filter cartridge 22.

[0039] The filter cartridge 22 of the present invention can also be fixed and installed using any other components such as a bracket that can fix the filter cartridge 22.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, an ash cart 10 is provided in the ash hopper chamber 1. The ash cart 10 includes a base 11 and an ash box 12. The base 11 includes a chassis 111 and wheels 112 installed at the bottom of the chassis 111. The ash box 12 is detachably placed on the chassis 111. A support frame 121 is provided at the bottom of the ash box 12. The support frame 121 is placed inside the chassis 111. The forks of a forklift are inserted into the support frame 121 and the ash box 12 is lifted from the base 11 and transported separately. When unloading ash, it is not necessary to tilt the chassis 111 together, which can effectively avoid the problem of the wheels 112 being damaged by collision when tilting.

[0041] More preferably, the ash hopper chamber 1 is provided with ash discharge doors on the front and rear sides. The side wall where the ash discharge door is located is perpendicular to the side wall where the connection port 21 is located. When multiple unit separators 100 are connected side by side, the ash cart 10 can still freely enter and exit from the ash discharge doors at the front and rear.

[0042] More preferably, two baffles 13 are provided on the top left and right sides of the ash hopper chamber 1. The two baffles 13 are located on the sides of the ash cart 10 and extend in the same direction as the ash cart 10's movement in and out. The top of the side plates on the left and right sides of the ash cart 10 extends upward and is higher than the other side plates. When the ash cart 10 enters the ash hopper chamber 1, the baffles 13 are located inside the side plates on the left and right sides of the ash cart 10. Both sides of the ash cart 10 are limited and fixed by the baffles 13. On the one hand, this can effectively prevent the ash cart 10 from shaking in the ash hopper chamber 1. On the other hand, it can prevent dust from leaking into the gap between the side wall of the ash hopper chamber 1 and the ash cart 10, fully collecting dust and preventing dust from escaping.

[0043] Preferably, each chamber is equipped with an independent inspection door, which facilitates quick and targeted maintenance when the unit separator 100 malfunctions.

[0044] The present invention has been described in the above-described embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely examples for implementing the present invention. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Conversely, any modifications and refinements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator, characterized in that: The system comprises N unit separators, where N ≥ 1 and is a natural number. Each unit separator is a vertical structure, comprising, from bottom to top, a dust hopper chamber, a filter chamber, a jet cleaning chamber, an exhaust chamber, and a high-efficiency chamber. The dust hopper chamber is located at the bottom and is used to collect dust. The filter chamber is located above the dust hopper chamber and is used to separate and filter dust from the dust-laden gas. The jet cleaning chamber generates jet gas to clean the filter components in the filter chamber. The exhaust chamber generates airflow and guides the dust-laden gas along a predetermined path within the unit separator for discharge. The high-efficiency chamber is detachably installed on the exhaust side of the exhaust chamber. The filtration standard of the high-efficiency chamber is higher than that of the filter chamber. Connection ports are provided on the left and right opposite side walls of the filter chamber, and these ports are equipped with sealing and locking structures. The filter chamber contains... There are X*Y filter cartridges, where X≥1 and Y≥1. An air tank, air valves, and air pipes are installed in the blowing chamber. There are X air tanks, each corresponding to one of the X rows of filter cartridges. Each air tank has Y air valves, and the X*Y air valves correspond one-to-one with the X*Y filter cartridges. Each air valve has an air pipe, and the gas ejected from the air pipes is used to clean the corresponding filter cartridge. The ash hopper chamber has ash discharge doors on both the front and rear sides. The side wall where the ash discharge doors are located is perpendicular to the side wall where the connection port is located. An ash cart is located in the ash hopper chamber. The ash cart includes a base and an ash box. The base includes a chassis and wheels mounted on the bottom of the chassis. The ash box is detachably placed on the chassis. A support frame is located at the bottom of the ash box and is placed inside the chassis. Forklift forks are inserted into the support frame to lift the ash box from the base and transport it separately. When only one unit separator is needed to meet the dust treatment requirements of the workshop, N=1. One of the two connection ports of the unit separator is directly connected to the dusty exhaust gas outlet of the construction waste treatment equipment, and the other is sealed. When one unit separator cannot handle all the exhaust gas, N≥2, and N unit separators are connected side by side through the connection ports to form a larger-scale, high-efficiency dust-gas separator. The connection ports of adjacent unit separators are directly sealed and locked, so that the filter chambers of all unit separators are interconnected. The connection port on the outside of the first unit separator is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the construction waste treatment equipment. The connection port is directly connected and closed on the outside of the unit separator at the tail end. When the exhaust gas from the construction waste treatment equipment enters the unit separator at the head end through the connection port for dust-gas separation, the excess dust-laden exhaust gas enters the filter chamber of other unit separators through the connection port and is filtered separately by the unit separator in which it is located. The dust-laden gas flows horizontally in the connected filter chambers. The exhaust chamber forms a flow path inside the unit separator, guiding the dust-laden gas from the connection port into the filter chamber for filtration, and then upward through the jetting chamber, the exhaust chamber, and the high-efficiency chamber before being discharged.

2. The modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: All the air chambers are connected in series.

3. The modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed flow equalization frame is provided at one end of the filter cartridge near the blowing chamber. The fixed flow equalization frame includes a horizontal base plate, a flow guide ring, a flow equalization cone, and flow equalization plates. The horizontal base plate is fixedly installed on the top wall of the filter chamber. A through hole corresponding to the end of the filter cartridge is opened on the horizontal base plate. The flow guide ring is perpendicular to the horizontal base plate and installed at the through hole. The top of the flow guide ring is outwardly flared and has an overall structure that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. The flow equalization cone is located at the center of the flow guide ring and has a cone structure that is wide at the bottom and pointed at the top. There are at least two flow equalization plates. The flow equalization plates are installed radially and evenly inside the flow guide ring with the flow equalization cone as the center.

4. The modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The apex of the flow equalization cone is located on the blowing axis of the blow pipe.

5. The modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two baffles are provided on the top left and right sides of the ash hopper chamber. The two baffles are located on the sides of the ash cart and extend in the same direction as the ash cart's movement in and out. The top of the side plates on the left and right sides of the ash cart extends upward and is higher than the other side plates. When the ash cart enters the ash hopper chamber, the baffles are located inside the side plates on the left and right sides of the ash cart.

6. The modular high-efficiency dust-gas separator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each chamber is equipped with an independent access door.

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