A method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating loading and unloading force

Abstract

The present application relates to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating loading and unloading force. The loading and unloading force calculation method includes: determining the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit; integrating the minimum loading and unloading component force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing according to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing; and limiting the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing using the minimum loading and unloading force. By implementing the loading and unloading force calculation method provided in the present application, the minimum loading and unloading force applicable to irregular-shaped bearings can be quickly and accurately calculated, and the risk of loading and unloading failure of irregular-shaped bearings can be reduced by limiting the actual loading and unloading force to be greater than the minimum loading and unloading force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of bearing technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating loading and unloading forces. Background Art

[0002] When loading and unloading bearings, it is very important to determine the appropriate loading and unloading force. The loading and unloading force includes the pressing force and the disassembly force. The size of the loading and unloading force determines whether the loading and unloading is successful. For example, if the pressing force is too small, the bearing may not be installed properly, while if the pressing force is too large, the bearing and other related parts may be damaged, thus causing the bearing loading and unloading to fail.

[0003] At present, the calculation of loading and unloading force still has the problem of over-reliance on manual experience and inaccuracy. To this end, the standard formula of the interference fit standard DIN 7190 of the German Standards Committee can be used to calculate the loading and unloading force.

[0004] However, the formula provided by DIN 7190 is only applicable to the calculation of the loading and unloading force of completely regular-shaped bearings, but not to irregular-shaped bearings. Therefore, when calculating the loading and unloading force of irregular-shaped bearings based on DIN 7190, there is still the problem of inaccurate calculation, and there is a high risk of loading and unloading failure. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the present application provides a loading and unloading force calculation method, device, equipment and storage medium, which can quickly and accurately calculate the minimum loading and unloading force applicable to irregular-shaped bearings, solve the problem that the standard formula of DIN 7190 cannot be directly applied to irregular-shaped bearings, and reduce the risk of loading and unloading failure.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for calculating loading and unloading force, which comprises: determining the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit; integrating the minimum loading and unloading component force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing according to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing; and using the minimum loading and unloading force to limit the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation mode of the first aspect, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the aforementioned step of determining the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit includes: dividing the bearing inner ring into a first inner ring including a groove and a second inner ring not including a groove; determining the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and using the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing as the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the second inner ring.

[0008] In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation of the first aspect, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the aforementioned step of integrating the minimum loading and unloading force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing according to the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing includes: determining the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and integrating the minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring; expressing the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, and calculating the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point; and calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force.

[0009] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the aforementioned integration of the minimum loading and unloading component forces of each connection point according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain a mathematical expression of the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring includes: ;in, is the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, 2 is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. It is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring.

[0010] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the mathematical expression for calculating the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point includes:

[0011] ;in, is the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring, is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring, b is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, is the fillet radius of the bearing inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, and is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. It is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring.

[0012] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, the step of calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing based on the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force includes: calculating the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force; using the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force as the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0013] In combination with the second possible implementation mode of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation mode of the first aspect, the above-mentioned step of calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing based on the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force includes: calculating the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force; and correcting the minimum loading and unloading force using an incremental coefficient to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0014] In combination with the sixth possible implementation mode of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation mode of the first aspect, the aforementioned use of the incremental coefficient to correct the minimum loading and unloading force to obtain a mathematical expression of the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing includes: ,in, is the minimum loading and unloading force, F1 is the first minimum loading and unloading force, and F2 is the second minimum loading and unloading force. Incremental factor to ensure that the target bearing is pressed into place and can be fully tightened.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the aforementioned loading and unloading force calculation method also includes: detecting the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end face of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing; calculating the product of the strength limit and the contact area to obtain the maximum press-fitting force that the shaft shoulder can withstand; and using the maximum press-fitting force to limit the actual press-fitting force in the actual loading and unloading force.

[0016] In combination with the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the mathematical expression for the maximum press-fitting force that the shoulder can withstand obtained by multiplying the strength limit by the contact area includes: ,in, Indicates the maximum pressing force, Indicates the strength limit, Represents the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end surface of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing.

[0017] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a loading and unloading force calculation device, which includes: a determination unit, used to determine the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit; a calculation unit, used to integrate the minimum loading and unloading component force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing according to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point, so as to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing; a limiting unit, used to limit the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing using the minimum loading and unloading force.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a loading and unloading force calculation device, which includes a processor and a memory, and the processor and the memory are connected via a bus; the processor is used to execute multiple instructions; the memory is used to store multiple instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by the processor and executed by a loading and unloading force calculation method such as the first aspect or any one embodiment of the first aspect.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a plurality of instructions are stored, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executed by a method for calculating loading and unloading force such as the first aspect or any one embodiment of the first aspect.

[0020] In summary, the present application provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for calculating loading and unloading force, wherein the loading and unloading force calculation method of the present application is an improved algorithm proposed based on the standard formula of DIN 7190. This method integrates the minimum loading and unloading force required for each connection point during bearing loading and unloading according to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the target bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit, and obtains the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing, instead of assuming that the minimum loading and unloading force at each connection point of the irregular-shaped bearing is consistent. Therefore, the present application can quickly and accurately calculate the minimum loading and unloading force of the irregular-shaped bearing, so that when the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing is limited by the minimum loading and unloading force, the risk of loading and unloading failure of the irregular-shaped bearing due to excessively small loading and unloading force can be reduced, thereby ensuring that the bearing is pressed into place during press-fitting and is completely disassembled during disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a regular-shaped bearing in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a deep groove ball bearing in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for calculating loading and unloading force in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of a loading and unloading force calculation device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of a loading and unloading force calculation device in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0027] In view of the problem that the standard formula of DIN 7190 cannot accurately calculate the minimum loading and unloading force of irregular-shaped bearings such as deep groove ball bearings, tapered roller bearings and cylindrical roller bearings, this application proposes a loading and unloading force calculation method, which is an improved algorithm based on the standard formula. The improvement ideas are as follows:

[0028] Combination Figure 1 , based on the German Standards Committee's interference fit standard DIN 7190, the standard formulas derived include: (Formula 1) ;in, is the minimum loading and unloading force of the bearing, d is the nominal diameter of the inner ring of the bearing, b is the nominal width of the inner ring of the bearing, is the friction coefficient between the bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, is the maximum diameter of the inner ring of the target bearing, E is the elastic modulus, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. It is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring.

[0029] Analysis shows that the above standard algorithm can be understood as follows: the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing is equal to the connection area of ​​the interference fit between the target bearing and the rotating shaft Minimum loading and unloading force at each connection point The standard algorithm assumes that the minimum loading and unloading forces at each connection point are consistent. This is because Figure 1 The outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the regular shape bearing and the shaft are interference fit is The standard algorithm can quickly calculate the minimum loading and unloading force, but it cannot accurately calculate the minimum loading and unloading force of irregular-shaped bearings such as deep groove ball bearings, tapered roller bearings and cylindrical roller bearings. This is because the outer diameters of the inner rings of irregular-shaped bearings at various connection points of interference fit are not completely consistent, which leads to inconsistencies in the minimum loading and unloading forces of various connection points. Therefore, the standard algorithm is only applicable to calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of regular-shaped rotating shafts, but cannot accurately calculate the minimum loading and unloading force of irregular-shaped bearings. If the minimum loading and unloading force of irregular-shaped bearings is calculated according to the standard formula, there is a risk of bearing loading and unloading failure.

[0030] Based on the above analysis, the present application improves the standard algorithm and provides a method for calculating the loading and unloading force suitable for irregular bearings, including: determining the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit; integrating the minimum loading and unloading component force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing according to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing; and using the minimum loading and unloading force to limit the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0031] It should be noted that the loading and unloading force calculation device / equipment proposed in this application can be a controller and a terminal device, etc., and this application does not limit this. In addition, the loading and unloading force calculation device can exchange data with other controllers or terminal devices, etc., and execute the loading and unloading force calculation method proposed in this application.

[0032] In order to better understand the method for calculating loading and unloading force proposed in this application, this application also provides an embodiment of the method for calculating loading and unloading force, such as Figure 3 As shown, next, this application uses the loading and unloading force calculation device as the execution body to explain the loading and unloading force calculation method, specifically:

[0033] 310: Determine the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit;

[0034] 320: According to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point, the minimum loading and unloading force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing is integrated to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing;

[0035] 330: Use the minimum loading and unloading force to limit the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0036] Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the main difference between regular-shaped bearings and irregular-shaped bearings is that the outer diameters of the inner rings of irregular-shaped bearings at the connection points where they are interference-fitted with the shaft are inconsistent, for example Figure 2 In deep groove ball bearings, the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at the groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing without the groove. When calculating the minimum loading and unloading force according to the DIN 7190 standard formula, the calculation is uniformly based on the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing without the groove. The outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing without the groove is also the maximum outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing. The present application integrates the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the actual outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing of the irregular-shaped bearing at each connection point, so that the accurate minimum loading and unloading force can be quickly calculated, and then the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing is limited to be greater than the minimum loading and unloading force to ensure that the target bearing is loaded and unloaded in place during loading and unloading, thereby reducing the risk of bearing loading and unloading failure.

[0037] For step 310, this application provides two possible implementation methods:

[0038] In the first possible implementation mode, the loading and unloading force calculation device can measure the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the bearing and the rotating shaft have interference fit through tools such as laser scanners and optical measuring instruments, thereby reducing direct contact with the bearing during the measurement process, thereby reducing damage to the bearing and achieving accurate measurement. However, this method has the problems of low efficiency and long time consumption.

[0039] In the second possible implementation, in order to quickly determine the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point, this possible implementation divides the irregular-shaped bearing into several regular-shaped parts according to whether it has an inner ring groove, so as to achieve efficient calculation of the irregular-shaped bearing, because further analysis shows that the difference between the irregular-shaped bearing and the regular-shaped bearing mainly lies in that the irregular-shaped bearing has an inner ring groove, which makes the inner ring outer diameters corresponding to each connection point of the bearing inner ring and the shaft not completely consistent, which in turn leads to the minimum loading and unloading force components of each connection point not being completely consistent.

[0040] For example, if Figure 2 As shown in the deep groove ball bearing, the deep groove ball bearing has an arc-shaped inner ring groove, while the tapered roller bearing has a V-shaped groove, and the cylindrical roller bearing has a cylindrical groove. Based on this, the present application divides the inner ring of the target bearing into a first inner ring including a groove and a second inner ring not including a groove, and determines the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring of each connection point of the second inner ring based on the groove shape, thereby calculating the minimum pressing force according to the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring of each connection point.

[0041] Specifically, taking a deep groove ball bearing as an example, the aforementioned step 310 includes: dividing the inner ring of the bearing into a first inner ring including a groove and a second inner ring not including a groove; determining the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and using the maximum outer diameter of the inner ring of the target bearing as the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point of the second inner ring.

[0042] Next, this application takes deep groove ball bearings as an example to explain in detail the second possible implementation method:

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, the loading and unloading force calculation device divides the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing into two regular inner rings according to whether each part of the inner ring of the target bearing includes a groove, i.e., a first inner ring including a groove, and a second inner ring including no groove after removing the first inner ring. The groove is used to accommodate the ball roller, and the groove radius of the deep groove ball bearing is consistent with the ball roller radius.

[0044] The above-mentioned step of determining the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and using the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing as the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the second inner ring includes: using the bearing pitch diameter of the deep groove ball bearing Indicates the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring and the maximum outer diameter of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing as the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the second inner ring, where is the bearing pitch diameter, is the radius of the ball roller, and x is the position of each connection point.

[0045] For step 320, this application provides two possible implementation methods:

[0046] In the first possible implementation mode, after determining the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing for each connection point, the loading and unloading force calculation device uses the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing to represent the minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point, and collects and organizes each minimum loading and unloading force into a table or database format to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the data, and then uses mathematical software such as MATLAB to perform integral calculations on each minimum loading and unloading force to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing. However, this method has the problems of low calculation efficiency and long calculation time.

[0047] In the second feasible implementation method, in order to further quickly determine the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point, simplify the calculation process and improve the calculation efficiency, this feasible method uses a mathematical formula to calculate the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring and the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring respectively, and then obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing. Specifically, the aforementioned step of integrating the minimum loading and unloading force required for loading and unloading the bearing at each connection point according to the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing includes: determining the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and integrating the minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring; expressing the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, and calculating the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point; and calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force.

[0048] Next, this application takes deep groove ball bearings as an example to explain in detail the second possible implementation method:

[0049] The aforementioned step of determining the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring based on the groove shape includes: using the bearing pitch diameter of the deep groove ball bearing Indicates the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring a=2 ,in, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, It is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring.

[0050] According to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point, the minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point is integrated to obtain the mathematical expression of the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, which includes: ;in, is the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, 2 is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring;

[0051] The aforementioned step of indicating the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing comprises: and the nominal bearing inner ring width of the target bearing Indicates the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring , where b is the nominal width of the inner ring of the target bearing, is the fillet radius of the bearing inner ring;

[0052] The mathematical expression for calculating the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point includes: ;in, is the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring, is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring, b is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, is the fillet radius of the bearing inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, and is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring;

[0053] The step of calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force comprises: calculating the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum handling force sum , the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force Minimum loading and unloading force as target bearing .

[0054] Preferably, in order to ensure that the target bearing is pressed into place and can be fully pressed to reduce the wear of the bearing end surface, the step of calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force includes: calculating the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force sum , get the minimum loading and unloading force, and use the incremental coefficient The minimum loading and unloading force is corrected to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing. .

[0055] Furthermore, the aforementioned use of the incremental coefficient The minimum loading and unloading force is corrected to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing. include ,in, is the minimum loading and unloading force, F1 is the first minimum loading and unloading force, and F2 is the second minimum loading and unloading force. Incremental factor to ensure that the target bearing is pressed into place and can be fully tightened.

[0056] For step 330, the actual loading and unloading force includes the actual pressing force and the actual disassembly force. In addition to using the minimum loading and unloading force In addition to limiting the actual press-fit force and the actual removal force, the maximum press-fit force can also be used Limit the actual press-fitting force so that the bearing can be pressed into place without damaging the bearing and related components. For example, in order to avoid crushing the shaft shoulder, the loading and unloading force calculation device detects the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end face of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing. ,like Figure 2 Calculate the strength limit The product of the contact area , get the maximum press force that the shoulder can withstand ; Use maximum press force The actual pressing force in the actual loading and unloading force Limit the actual pressing force Less than the maximum press force , that is , thereby ensuring that the bearing is pressed into place while avoiding crushing the shaft shoulder.

[0057] The mathematical expression for the maximum press-fitting force that the shoulder can withstand by multiplying the strength limit and the contact area mentioned above includes: ,in, Indicates the maximum pressing force, Indicates the strength limit, Indicates the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end surface of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing.

[0058] The present application also provides a loading and unloading force calculation device, such as Figure 4 As shown. The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the device according to the above method example. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the loading and unloading force calculation device is used to execute the loading and unloading force calculation method described in any of the aforementioned embodiments or implementation methods. Specifically, the loading and unloading force calculation device includes a determination unit 410, a calculation unit 420 and a limitation unit 430, wherein the determination unit 410 is used to determine the outer diameter of the inner ring of the target bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit; the calculation unit 420 is used to integrate the minimum loading and unloading component force required for each connection point when loading and unloading the bearing according to the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point, so as to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing; the limitation unit 430 is used to limit the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing by using the minimum loading and unloading force.

[0059] In another practicable manner, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the aforementioned determination unit is specifically used to: divide the bearing inner ring into a first inner ring including a groove and a second inner ring not including the groove; determine the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and use the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing as the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the second inner ring.

[0060] In another practicable manner, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the aforementioned calculation unit 420 is specifically used to: determine the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and integrate the minimum loading and unloading component forces of each connection point according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring; express the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, and calculate the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point; calculate the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force.

[0061] In another practicable manner, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the aforementioned minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point is integrated according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain a mathematical expression of the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, which includes: ;in, is the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, 2 is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. It is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring.

[0062] In another practicable manner, the target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the mathematical expression for calculating the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point includes: ;in, is the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring, is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring, b is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, is the fillet radius of the bearing inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, and is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. It is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring.

[0063] In another practicable manner, the calculation unit 420 is specifically used to: calculate the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force; and use the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force as the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0064] In another practicable manner, the calculation unit 420 is specifically used to: calculate the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force; and correct the minimum loading and unloading force using an incremental coefficient to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

[0065] In another practicable manner, the calculation unit 420 is specifically used to: correct the minimum loading and unloading force using the incremental coefficient to obtain a mathematical expression of the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing, including: ,in, is the minimum loading and unloading force, F1 is the first minimum loading and unloading force, and F2 is the second minimum loading and unloading force. Incremental factor to ensure that the target bearing is pressed into place and can be fully tightened.

[0066] In another practicable manner, the aforementioned calculation unit 420 is also used to: detect the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end face of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing; calculate the product of the strength limit and the contact area to obtain the maximum press-fitting force that the shaft shoulder can withstand; and use the maximum press-fitting force to limit the actual press-fitting force in the actual loading and unloading force.

[0067] In another practicable manner, the mathematical expression of the maximum press-fitting force that the shoulder can withstand, obtained by multiplying the strength limit and the contact area, includes: ,in, Indicates the maximum pressing force, Indicates the strength limit, Represents the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end surface of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing.

[0068] The present application also provides a loading and unloading force calculation device, see Figure 5 .like Figure 5 The loading and unloading force calculation device in the embodiment shown may include: a processor 510 and a memory 520. The processor 510 and the memory 520 are connected via a bus 530. The processor 510 is used to execute multiple instructions; the memory 520 is used to store multiple instructions, which are suitable for the processor 510 to load and execute the loading and unloading force calculation method in the above embodiment.

[0069] The processor 510 may be an electronic control unit (ECU), a central processing unit (CPU), a general processor, a coprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The processor 510 may also be a combination that implements a computing function, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of 5SP and a microprocessor, and the like. In this embodiment, the processor 510 may be a single-chip microcomputer, and various control functions may be implemented by programming the single-chip microcomputer. The processor has the advantages of powerful computing power and fast processing. Specifically, the processor 510 is used to execute the functions of the determination unit 410, the calculation unit 420 and the restriction unit 430 in any of the aforementioned embodiments or implementations.

[0070] In one embodiment, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, which are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the method in any of the above embodiments. The processor is used to execute the plurality of instructions; the memory is used to store the plurality of instructions, which are loaded by the processor and executed by the method for calculating the loading and unloading force in the above embodiments.

[0071] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating loading and unloading force, characterized in that: The loading and unloading force calculation method comprises: Determine the outer diameter of the inner ring of the target bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the shaft have an interference fit; Determine the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and integrate the minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain a first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring; The nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring is expressed according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, and the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring is calculated according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point; The minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing is calculated according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force; and the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing is limited by using the minimum loading and unloading force.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the outer diameter of the inner ring of the target bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit comprises: Dividing the inner ring of the bearing into a first inner ring including the groove and a second inner ring not including the groove; The outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring is determined based on the groove shape, and the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing is used as the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the second inner ring.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing. The minimum loading and unloading force of each connection point is integrated according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain a mathematical expression of the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, which includes: ； in, is the first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, 2 is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, and x is the position of each connection point.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target bearing is a deep groove ball bearing, and the mathematical expression for calculating the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point includes: ； in, is the second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring, is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring, b is the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, is the fillet radius of the bearing inner ring, is the radius of the ball roller, is the bearing pitch diameter, is the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point of the first inner ring, and is the maximum outer diameter of the bearing inner ring, is the friction coefficient between the target bearing and the shaft, is the safety factor, E is the elastic modulus, d is the nominal diameter of the bearing inner ring, It is the upper deviation of the shaft section where the rotating shaft and the inner ring of the bearing match. is the lower deviation of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring, is the surface roughness of the shaft section where the shaft and the inner ring of the bearing fit together. It is the surface roughness of the inner hole of the bearing inner ring.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force comprises: Calculate the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force; The sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force is taken as the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force comprises: Calculate the sum of the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force; The minimum loading and unloading force is corrected by using the incremental coefficient to obtain the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method of correcting the minimum loading and unloading force by using the incremental coefficient to obtain a mathematical expression of the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing includes: ,in, is the minimum loading and unloading force, F1 is the first minimum loading and unloading force, and F2 is the second minimum loading and unloading force. Incremental factor to ensure that the target bearing is pressed into place and can be fully tightened.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: Detecting the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end surface of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing; Calculate the product of the strength limit and the contact area to obtain the maximum press-fitting force that the shoulder can withstand; The maximum press-fitting force is used to limit the actual press-fitting force among the actual loading and unloading forces.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The product of the calculated strength limit and the contact area to obtain the mathematical expression of the maximum press-fitting force that the shoulder can withstand includes: ,in, Indicates the maximum pressing force, Indicates the strength limit, Represents the contact area between the shaft shoulder and the contact end surface of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing.

10. A loading and unloading force calculation device, characterized in that: The loading and unloading force calculation device comprises: A determination unit, used to determine the outer diameter of the inner ring of the bearing at each connection point where the target bearing and the rotating shaft have an interference fit; a calculation unit, for determining a nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring based on the groove shape, and integrating the minimum loading and unloading component forces of each connection point according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point to obtain a first minimum loading and unloading force of the first inner ring; expressing a nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the first inner ring and the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the target bearing, and calculating a second minimum loading and unloading force of the second inner ring according to the nominal width of the bearing inner ring of the second inner ring and the outer diameter of the bearing inner ring at each connection point; and calculating the minimum loading and unloading force of the target bearing according to the first minimum loading and unloading force and the second minimum loading and unloading force; The limiting unit is used to limit the actual loading and unloading force of the target bearing by using the minimum loading and unloading force.

11. A loading and unloading force calculation device, characterized in that: The loading and unloading force calculation device includes a processor and a memory, and the processor and the memory are connected via a bus; the processor is used to execute multiple instructions; the memory is used to store the multiple instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by the processor and executing the loading and unloading force calculation method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a plurality of instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the loading and unloading force calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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